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The increasing demand in healthcare for accessible and cost-effective analytical tools is driving the development of reliable platforms to the customization of therapy according to individual patient drug serum levels, e.g. of anti-psychotics in schizophrenia. A modifier-free microfluidic paper-based electroanalytical device (μPED) holds promise as a portable, sensitive, and affordable solution. While many studies focus on the working electrode catalysts, improvements by engineering aspects e.g. of the electrode arrangement are less reported. In our study, we demonstrate the enhanced capabilities of the 3D electrode layout of μPED compared to 2D μPED arrangements. We especially show that screen printing can be employed to prepare 3D μPEDs. We conducted a comparison of different 2D and 3D electrode arrangements utilizing cyclic voltammetry in [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−, along with square-wave voltammetry for clozapine (CLZ) sensing. Our findings reveal that the utilization of the 3D μPED leads to an increase in both the electrochemically active surface area and the electron transfer rate. Consequently, this enhancement contributes to improve sensitivity in the CLZ sensing. The 3D μPED clearly outperforms the 2D μPED arrangement in terms of signal strength. With the 3D μPED under the optimized conditions, a linear dose–response for a concentration range from 7.0 to 100 μM was achieved. The limit of detection and sensitivity was determined to be 1.47 μM and 1.69 μA μM−1 cm−2, respectively. This evaluation is conducted in the context of detection and determination of CLZ in a human blood serum sample. These findings underscore the potential of the 3D μPED for future applications in pharmacokinetic analyses and clinical tests to personalize the management of schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile-based SrAl 2 O 4 (SAO): Eu2+, Dy3+ composite material offers functional, aesthetic, and safety benefits, making it a valuable innovation with diverse applications in various industries. The susceptibility of textile-based SAO: Eu2+, Dy3+ composite material is degraded with repeated washing, which can diminish its luminescent properties over time. Our major goal was to create a cloth with durable photoluminescent qualities by incorporating waterborne polyurethane (WPU) as a protective coating that could generate light constantly without a light source. Through a systematic approach involving the synthesis of photoluminescent SAO: Eu2+, Dy3+ particles and their integration into a cloth substrate with waterborne polyurethane, a durable cloth with enhanced durability, protection, and adhesion properties are achieved. Cotton fabric and a rotary screen-printing machine were used to apply a thin, translucent layer of glow-in-the-dark pigment to produce the photoluminescence characteristics of the developed cloth revealing efficient light absorption and emission behavior, with emission spectra centered around absorption wavelength between 560 nm and 880 nm, with a 500 nm emission peak, exhibiting of the presence of Eu2+ and Dy3+ activator ions. In addition, to assess the comfort of the treated cotton fabric, a fabroOmeter test was conducted, that provided insights into its overall comfort level. Furthermore, the cloth demonstrates excellent stability and longevity of photoluminescence under various environmental conditions, making it suitable for applications requiring high visibility, safety signage, decorative elements, and apparel wear. This research underscores the potential of polyurethane-enhanced photoluminescent textiles as versatile and sustainable solutions for diverse practical applications. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphine, as one of the most important narcotic drugs, significantly affects the nervous system and increases euphoria, which raises the likelihood of its misuse. Therefore, its measurement is of great importance. In this work, a new electrochemical sensor based on a nanocomposite of CuS/g-C3N5/AgNPs was developed for modifying Screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) and used for the measurement of morphine through cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Various analytical methods initially characterized the nanocomposite. The prepared sensor, which also has an extensive surface area, achieved a detection limit of 0.01 µM for morphine in a concentration range of 0.05–100 µM at pH 7. Besides its excellent capability in measuring morphine in real samples, the sensor exhibits good stability, reproducibility, and repeatability. The presence of CuS, due to its excellent high surface area alongside silver nanoparticles, leads to an increase in the conductivity of the g-C3N5 modified electrode, resulting in an increased oxidative current of morphine at the surface of the prepared sensor. Therefore, measuring low concentrations of morphine with this sensor was made possible. Additionally, measuring morphine without interference from various species is a strong point of the electrochemical sensor for morphine detection, and combined with the simplicity and ease of the method, it allows for morphine measurements to be conducted in the shortest possible time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing demand for compact, lightweight, cost‐effective, and high‐performance radiofrequency (RF) devices, the development of low‐profile antennas becomes crucial. This article presents a study of a novel carbon–cellulose‐based paste intended for screen printing RF devices. The investigation specifically explores the application of high‐reactivity carbon mixture (HRCM) particles as conductive fillers. The results demonstrate that optimal electrical conductivity values and discrete electromagnetic dipole performances can be achieved at lower concentrations of solid conductive material compared to conventional pastes, for similar applications. This offers benefits in terms of total cost, material consumption, and environmental impact. The paste formulation showcases a complex non‐Newtonian behavior, where yielding flow and thixotropicity are found to be independent and dependent on preshear conditions, respectively. This behavior can be attributed to the network orientation and rearrangement of filler structures within the paste system, which in turn are responsible for filler pattern uniformity and overall printing quality. Compared to traditional conductive materials, HRCM pastes are proven to be a viable alternative for RF devices fabrication, including printed Wi‐Fi antennas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the constant increase of electronic waste globally, society is demanding and governments are boosting the development of electronics with less pollutant materials and reduced environmental impact. One way to achieve this is to implement materials that are functional and structural at the same time, reducing material use and assembling parts. Further, printing techniques, such as screen printing, reduce considerably costs and time compared with conventional electronics; combined with methods to conform printed electronics to a 3D shape, such as thermoforming, allow to obtain nonplanar surface electronics simply and efficiently. Herein, screen‐printable inks made of styrene–ethylene/butylene–styrene and different aspect‐ratio carbon‐based materials for conformable electronics are reported. The inks are prepared with carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and reduced graphene oxide as conductive fillers, printed on a flexible substrate and thermoformed. Carbon black and carbon nanotube samples are functional after the process, with conductivities of 96 and 141 S m−1 for the best performing sample of each filler, respectively. Rheological, morphological, thermal, and electrical properties of the materials are also characterized. This study shows the influence of the filler's type and aspect ratio on the morphology and electrical conductivity of the printed materials before and after thermoforming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of metasurfaces necessitates the rapid fabrication of nanoarrays on diverse substrates at large scales, the preparation of patterned nanoarrays on both planar and curved surfaces, and even the creation of nanoarrays on prefabricated structures to form multiscale metastructures. However, conventional fabrication methods fall short of these rigorous requirements. In this work, a novel self‐assembly hybrid manufacturing (SAHM) method is introduced for the rapid and scalable fabrication of shape‐controllable nanoarrays on various rigid and flexible substrates. This method can be easily integrated with other fabrication techniques, such as lithography and screen printing, to produce patterned nanoarrays on both planar and non‐developable surfaces. Utilizing the SAHM method, nanoarrays are fabricated on prefabricated micropillars to create multiscale pillar‐nanoarray metastructures. Measurements indicate that these multiscale metastructures can manipulate electromagnetic waves across a range of wavelengths. Therefore, the SAHM method demonstrates the potential of multiscale structures as a new paradigm for the design and fabrication of metasurfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alkali printing was one of the traditional techniques employed for printing on silk georgette in ancient China. This study investigates two degumming methods in alkaline printing processes, namely alkaline boiling and alkaline steaming, based on the principles of Tang Dynasty alkaline printing techniques. The effects of slaked lime concentration, steam temperature, and steam duration on the degumming rate of silk georgette are studied. Alkaline boiling is found to be rapid and effective, achieving a degumming rate of 27% at 80 °C in 30 min, whereas alkaline steaming requires a prolonged process with a maximum degumming rate of less than 20% before the water reaches its boiling point. Additionally, the differences in dyeing effects at various degumming rates, and the variations in pattern clarity and detail under alkaline steaming, were compared. Although both degumming methods can achieve the desired amount of degumming rate through process control, alkaline steaming allows for integration with methods like screen printing and rotary printing, offering better control over pattern freedom and detail. The combination of these two processes can further expand the artistic expression and application of traditional alkaline printing techniques in contemporary silk degumming printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a flexible textile-based capacitive respiratory sensor, based on a capacitive sensor structure, that does not require direct skin contact is designed, optimised, and evaluated using both computational modelling and empirical measurements. In the computational study, the geometry of the sensor was examined. This analysis involved observing the capacitance and frequency variations using a cylindrical model that mimicked the human body. Four designs were selected which were then manufactured by screen printing multiple functional layers on top of a polyester/cotton fabric. The printed sensors were characterised to detect the performance against phantoms and impacts from artefacts, normally present whilst wearing the device. A sensor that has an electrode ratio of 1:3:1 (sensor, reflector, and ground) was shown to be the most sensitive design, as it exhibits the highest sensitivity of 6.2% frequency change when exposed to phantoms. To ensure the replicability of the sensors, several batches of identical sensors were developed and tested using the same physical parameters, which resulted in the same percentage frequency change. The sensor was further tested on volunteers, showing that the sensor measures respiration with 98.68% accuracy compared to manual breath counting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the development of fully printed, large‐area, semi‐transparent Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) using TiO2 nanoparticles treated with TiCl4, a “D35” push‐pull dye sensitizer, and I3−/I− redox mediator. Cells with areas of 4 and 200 cm2 were printed using hexagonal, stripe, and standard designs, employing digital materials deposition (DMD) technology. The porous films printed via DMD, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), improved solar cells performance by enhancing the Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF). The hexagonal design, in particular, facilitated better electrolyte impregnation in the TiO2 mesoporous structure, boosting current density. This design yielded a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.05% for 4 cm2 DSSCs, surpassing the stripe (5.50%) and standard (5.48%) designs. Its higher performance can be attributed to lower interfacial charge recombination rates and improvedcharge transfer and collection efficiency. Photophysical measurements indicated faster charge transfer rates in hexagonal cells (≈ 1.3  ×  109s−1) compared to the stripe (9.8  ×  108 s−1) and standard (9.5  ×  108 s−1) designs. Hence, our work highlights the potential of hexagonal design to improve both efficiency and transparency while reducing material consumption, offering a promising approach for manufacturing semi‐transparent solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current media environment, John Durham Peters emphasizes the importance of non-verbal communication and notes that underpinned by digital technology, "media" is returning to its original meaning as the milieu that surrounds living beings. To concretize and critically discuss this idea, this paper examines the artworks created by the authors, which incorporate microorganisms into digital technology. These works applied luminous bacteria as ink to digitally screen print text and images. The first work, A Medium for Images or Luminous Bacteria (2022), prints Japanese text with luminous bacteria ink. The second work, '... (I)' (1926) by BioLuminescent Bacteria (2024), recreates the first image in the history of Japanese television, '... (I)', with luminous bacteria. This paper compares and analyzes these practices in light of classical media theory, including the work of William Ivins Jr. and Marshall McLuhan. The paper introduces another work, Grow.Glow. (2023), to further expand the discussion to contemporary digital media. Finally, drawing on the recent arguments of Anna Tsing and Antonio Damasio, we elucidate the critical implications that the works of luminous bacteria bring to the current media environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ZnFe prussian blue analogue [ZnFe(PBA)] was infused with Ti3C2Tx (MXene) denoted as ZnFe(PBA)@Ti3C2Tx and was prepared by an in-situ sonication method to use as a non-enzymatic screen printed electrode sensor. The advantage of non-enzymatic sensors is their excellent sensitivity, rapid detection, low cost and simple design. The synthesized ZnFe(PBA)@Ti3C2Tx was characterized for its physical and chemical characterization by XRD, Raman, XPS, EDAX, and FESEM analysis. It possessed multiple functionalized layers and a cubic structure in the nanohybrid. Further, the sensor was investigated by using electroanalytical studies such as cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry analysis. The enhanced surface area with a cubic structure of ZnFe(PBA) and the excellent electrical response of Ti3C2 nanosheet support the advancement of a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor with improved sensitivity of 973.42 µA mM−1 cm−2 with the limit of detection (LOD) of 3.036 µM (S/N = 3) and linear detection range (LDR) from 0.01 to 1 mM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the intricate interaction between the properties of textile substrates and screen-printing parameters in shaping fabric circuits using silver conductive ink. Via analyzing key variables such as fabric type, mesh density, and the number of overprinted layers, the research revealed how the porous structure, large surface area, and fiber morphology of textile substrates influence ink absorption, ultimately enhancing the electrical connectivity of the printed circuits. Notably, the hydrophilic cotton staple fibers fabric effectively absorbed the conductive ink into the fabric substrate, demonstrating superior electrical performance compared with the hydrophobic polyester filament fabric after three overprinting, unlike the results observed after a single print. As mesh density decreased and the number of prints increased, the electrical resistance of the circuit gradually reduced, but ink bleeding on the fabric surface became more pronounced. Cotton fabric, via absorbing the ink deeply, exhibited less surface bleeding, while polyester fabric showed more noticeable ink spreading. These findings provide valuable insights for improving screen printing technology for textile circuits and contribute to the development of advanced fabric circuits that enhance the functionality of smart wearable technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the development of a novel screen printable quasi‐solid polymer electrolyte (p‐QSPE) for Electrochromic Displays (ECDs) applications. p‐QSPE is composed of three key components: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a high‐dielectric constant polymer that ensures high ionic conductivity in solid‐state; glyceril propoxy triacrylate (GPTA), a UV‐cross‐linkable monomer that provides structure and durability for overprinting; titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles, which modulate the electrolyte's rheological properties for screen printing; reducing the solvent (PC:EC) content to only 35.90 wt.%. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) revealed that this well‐designed formulation achieved an ionic conductivity of 1.17 × 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature, surpassing the threshold required for commercial applications. Moreover, p‐QSPE facilitated the production of fully screen printed ECDs in an industrial printing line, streamlining their production process and achieving an optimal balance between printability, overprint resilience, and device performance. Operational tests for the ECDs showed fast switching times (<6 s for t90 and <2 s for t75) across a wide temperature range (−20 °C to 80 °C). Additionally, the electrolyte demonstrated low charge consumption (2.10 ± 0.11 mC cm−2) and a lifespan exceeding 10 000 cycles. These results highlight the potential of p‐QSPE as a screen printable, high‐performance electrolyte, capable of advancing ECD manufacturing by enabling the production of fully screen‐printed, performing ECDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The luminescence in NIR-II and NIR-III ranges has high penetration, as well as lower scattering and absorption in biological tissues. It is crucial to develop phosphors with strong emissions covering both spectral ranges. A novel Cr3+-Yb3+-Er3+ activated KScP 2 O 7 phosphate phosphor has been reported in this work, which shows emission within the range from 800 to 1650 nm, covering both NIR-II and NIR-III regions, with a quantum efficiency of 35%. Effective Cr3+ → Yb3+, Cr3+ → Er3+, and Yb3+ → Er3+ energy transfers were confirmed. Near-infrared optical thermometry was also developed utilizing the non-thermally coupled 4I 13/2 → 4I 15/2 (Er3+) and 2F 5/2 → 2F 7/2 (Yb3+) levels, whose highest relative sensitivity (S R), and absolute sensitivity (S A) values were determined as 0.75% K−1 (348 K) and 84.6 × 10−4 K−1 (373 K), respectively. The KScP 2 O 7 : 0.05Cr3+, 0.02Yb3+, 0.01Er3+ phosphor was blended with a commercial low-cost blue LED chip (465 nm) in order to develop NIR-based pc-LED devices, and the highest recorded output power with a value of 38.0 mW (320 mA) was achieved in the studied range. A photoelectric efficiency of 5.9% (10 mA) was also obtained in the NIR region. Through screen printing, the developed phosphor was also proven to be suitable for night vision. This study provides a novel tri - doping approach to design blue light excitable phosphors simultaneously emitting strong NIR-II and NIR-III lights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, electrochemical sensors have garnered significant attention in the environmental field due to their potential to offer effective solutions for addressing the environmental challenges our planet faces, particularly in proactive environmental preservation. A particular interest has been focused on the development of electrochemical sensors due to their restricted sample volume and the potential for system miniaturization, enabling portability. Taking these aspects into consideration, this review centers on the utilization of electrochemical electrodes to acquire relevant chemical information pertaining to environmental issues. Furthermore, it will analyze how the use of nanotechnology has provided new substrate alternatives for the determination of chemically significant species in the environment. Finally, the challenges and future prospects in this field are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver selenide (Ag2Se) flexible films are promising near‐room‐temperature thermoelectric candidates for low‐grade heat harvesting. However, existing Ag2Se films are generally attached on substrates, which impedes further flexibility improvement of the films and constrains the scenarios of applications. Here a cost‐effective and scalable strategy is presented, which combines screen printing and annealing, for synthesizing freestanding Ag2Se inorganic films with different densities of pores. High‐density pores and thin thickness endow the films with high flexibility, while films with low‐density pores obtain higher power factor. Furthermore, by utilizing the porous microstructure, a composite structure consisting of a Ag2Se conductive network and an organic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) skeleton is fabricated, which further improves films’ stability under bending and torsion. Finally, a flexible thermoelectric generator comprising five Ag2Se/PDMS legs and encapsulated PDMS outputs a voltage of 20.2 mV and a maximum power of 810 nW (the corresponding power density is 5.4 W m−2) at a temperature difference of 30 K, verifying potential application at near room temperature. This work offers a useful paradigm for fabricating substrate‐free Ag2Se porous films with high flexibility for near‐room‐temperature thermoelectric applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rheological behavior and printing characteristics of the screen-printing slurry for Nd-Fe-B grain boundary diffusion are key factors that determine the quality of printing and magnetic performance. However, few studies have focused on the organic medium, a crucial material for slurry. In this paper, the rheology, thixotropy, and thermal decomposition behavior of the organic vehicle in Nd-Fe-B screen printing slurry were studied. The results show that the organic vehicle formed by terpineol and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) exhibits typical non-Newtonian fluid characteristics, with excellent rheology and thixotropy, ensuring that the slurry prepared from it has excellent static stability and printing consistency. Additionally, the carbon residue of the organic vehicle formed by terpineol and PVB is less than 0.1% at 900 °C, avoiding excessive carbon entering the magnet during the diffusion process. Moreover, studying the rheology and thixotropy of the organic vehicle through a rheometer can quickly screen the slurry system. This work provides valuable guidance for designing an organic vehicle for screen-printing slurry for Nd-Fe-B grain boundary diffusion in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Featured Application: Developed micro-patterns in order to print smooth solid ink laydowns with flexo printing. Flexo printing is a relief printing system, and ink transfers on the solid areas are not transferring well during the printing. That is why graininess is increasing and pinholes are occurring on the solid areas. This is a well-known issue in the flexo printing system. Micro-patterns usually eliminate these pinholes. Using correct micro-patterns allows homogeneous ink laydown and increases solid ink density. Micro-pattern holes behave like gravure cylinders on plate surfaces, and this makes for better ink transfer to the substrate. In this study, a more successful micro-pattern structure than the ones currently used was found by examining the solid ink density (SID) values and ink laydown obtained from the structure by producing eight different micro-pattern structures of 1000 LPI and 1500 LPI (line per inch) pattern screen frequencies with the same polymer structure and type. Densitometric values of solid prints made with the developed micro-patterns were measured. By eliminating the pinholes formed in solid prints and at the screen dot shapes, the ink is distributed more homogeneously without graininess. It has been determined that this results in a more stable measurement of ink density and eliminates the measurement of excess ink and low density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile-based microfluidic biosensors represent an innovative fusion of various multidisciplinary fields, including bioelectronics, material sciences, and microfluidics. Their potential in biomedicine is significant as they leverage textiles to achieve high demands of biocompatibility with the human body and conform to the irregular surfaces of the body. In the field of microfluidics, fabric coated with hydrophobic materials serves as channels through which liquids are transferred in precise amounts to the sensing element, which in this case is a biosensor. This paper presents a condensed overview of the current developments in textile-based microfluidics and biosensors in biomedical applications over the past 20 years (2005–2024). A literature search was performed using the Scopus database. The fabrication techniques and materials used are discussed in this paper, as these will be key in various modifications and advancements in textile-based microfluidics. Furthermore, we also address the gaps in the application of textile-based microfluidic analytical devices in biomedicine and discuss the potential solutions. Advances in textile-based microfluidics are enabled by various printing and fabric manufacturing techniques, such as screen printing, embroidery, and weaving. Integration of these devices into everyday clothing holds promise for future vital sign monitoring, such as glucose, albumin, lactate, and ion levels, as well as early detection of hereditary diseases through gene detection. Although most testing currently takes place in a laboratory or controlled environment, this field is rapidly evolving and pushing the boundaries of biomedicine, improving the quality of human life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global Anglophone culture of the twenty-first century has seen a popular resurgence of serialized fiction not witnessed since the English-language apogee of the Victorian serialized novel, as embodied in the monthly packets of chapters published by Charles Dickens, William Makepeace Thackeray, George Eliot, Anthony Trollope, and others. This time around, it is weekly televisual and streaming installments that debut the eagerly awaited episodes and seasons of our culture's most influential long-format narratives. Despite any residual disrespect for television/streaming as a cultural medium, this transposition of serial narratives from print to screen does not always entail a reduction or simplification of fictive narratives' literary capacity for implicit socioeconomic critique, or for subtle and illuminative registers of the era's political unconscious. There is no Anglophone televisual series of the 2020s that better illustrates the potential of long-format streaming narrative to parallel the critical power of the best Victorian serial novels than showrunner Jesse Armstrong's Succession (HBO, 2018 – 23). The aim of this essay is to ground an interpretation of Succession in the thematic and formal homologies that it shares with the best nineteenth-century serial novels in general, and Trollope's The Way We Live Now (1873 – 74) in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Art & Interpretation / Sanat ve Yorum is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cotton Textile Technology is the property of Cotton Textile Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As the photovoltaics industry approaches the terawatt (TW) manufacturing scale, the consumption of silver in screen‐printed contacts must be significantly reduced for all cell architectures to avoid risks of depleting the global silver supply and substantial cost inflations. With alternative metallization techniques (e.g., plating) facing their own challenges for mass production, advancements in the mainstream screen‐printing technology to accelerate the pace of silver reductions are urgently needed. This work presents a silver‐lean screen‐printed contact scheme, providing scope for substantial reductions in silver consumption based on existing industrial screen‐printing capabilities. The initial testing of such a design leads to the fabrication of 24.04% efficient large‐area TOPCon solar cells with 9 mg W−1 silver consumption compatible with existing soldering‐based interconnection technologies, corresponding to a 25%rel reduction in silver usage compared to standard industrial screen‐printed TOPCon solar cells. Upon further optimization in pattern designs and fabrication processes, this silver‐lean design offers a promising pathway toward ultra‐low silver consumption of less than 2 mg W−1 for screen‐printed TOPCon solar cells without sacrificing efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A spatial-time-dual-resolved PL switching system based on 0D Mn-based metal halides. • Excellent reversible phase conversion properties between crystalline and molten states. • Superior PL switching with short response times and ultrahigh cyclic reversibility. • Screen printing fluorescent security labels with high spatial resolution and convenience. • Versatile multi-level information encryption-decryption and anti-counterfeiting. While spatial and time-resolved anti-counterfeiting technologies have gained increasing attention owing to their excellent tunable photoluminescence, achieving high-security-level anti-counterfeiting remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a spatial-time-dual-resolved anti-counterfeiting system using zero-dimensional (0D) organic–inorganic Mn(II) metal halides: (EMMZ) 2 MnBr 4 (named M−1 , EMMZ=1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Bromide) and (EDMMZ) 2 MnBr 4 (named M−2 , EDMMZ=1-Ethyl-2,3-Dimethylimidazolium Bromide). M−1 shows a bright green emission with a quantum yield of 78 %. It undergoes a phase transformation from the crystalline to molten state with phosphorescence quenching at 350 K. Reversible phase and luminescent conversion was observed after cooling down for 15 s. Notably, M−2 exhibits green light emission similar to M−1 but undergoes phase conversion and phosphorescence quenching at 390 K, with reversible conversion observed after cooling down for 5 s. The photoluminescence switching mode of on(green)-off–on(green) can be achieved by temperature control, demonstrating excellent performance with short response times and ultra-high cyclic reversibility. By leveraging the different quenching temperatures and reversible PL conversion times of M−1 and M−2 , we propose a spatial-time-dual-resolved photoluminescence (PL) switching system that combines M−1 and M−2. This system enables multi-fold tuning of the PL switch for encryption and decryption through cationic engineering strategies by modulating temperature and cooling time. This work presents a novel and feasible design strategy for advanced-level anti-counterfeiting technology based on a spatial-time-dual-resolved system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistent luminescence phosphors have attracted much attention in the realm of anti-counterfeiting and information storage because of their characteristic properties of optical information storage, long persistent luminescence, and simplicity of design. At present, traditional anti-counterfeiting persistent luminescence phosphors are based on single-colour luminescence and generally have poorly secure anti-counterfeiting capabilities. In this work, Ca1−1/2xCd1−1/2xGe7O16:xSm3+ (x = 0, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, and 0.025) phosphors were synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method, which demonstrated potential as multi-colour and two-mode anti-counterfeiting persistent luminescence materials. With an increase in doping concentration of Sm3+ ions in the host, the materials could emit blue-to-pink photoluminescence under 254 nm UV lamp illumination. After excitation under a 254 nm UV lamp, the materials showed persistent luminescence performance with a pink persistent luminescence colour, and the duration could exceed 4 h. The persistent luminescence mechanism and electron traps inside the samples were analyzed by plotting their thermoluminescence curves after excitation cessation. The results show that at least two types of traps existed in the Ca1−1/2xCd1−1/2xGe7O16:0.01Sm3+ phosphor. The phosphors were used to synthesize anti-counterfeiting ink, which was then used to make an optical anti-counterfeiting pattern through screen printing. The pattern could barely be observed on white paper in sunlight but was visible in different colours under an irradiation of 254 nm and in a low light environment. The results show that the produced phosphors have a high level of application potential for use in enhanced optical anti-counterfeiting applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental concerns and climate protection are gaining increasing emphasis nowadays. A growing number of industries and scientific fields are involved in this trend. Sustainable electronics is an emerging research strand. Environmentally friendly and biodegradable or biobased raw materials can be used for the development of green flexible electronic devices, which may serve to reduce the pollution generated by plastics and electronics waste. In this work, we present cytocompatible, electrically conductive structures of nanocarbon water-soluble composites based on starch films. To accomplish this goal, potato starch-based films with glycerol as a plasticiser were developed along with a water-soluble vehicle for nanocarbon-based electroconductive pastes specifically dedicated to screen printing technology. Films were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) mechanical properties and surface free energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible thermoelectric materials have drawn significant attention from researchers due to their potential applications in wearable electronics and the Internet of Things. Despite many reports on these materials, it remains a significant challenge to develop cost-effective methods for large-scale, patterned fabrication of materials that exhibit both excellent thermoelectric performance and remarkable flexibility. In this study, we have developed an Ag2Se-based ink with excellent printability that can be used to fabricate flexible thermoelectric films by screen printing and low-temperature sintering. The printed films exhibit a Seebeck coefficient of −161 μV/K and a power factor of 3250.9 μW/m·K2 at 400 K. Moreover, the films demonstrate remarkable flexibility, showing minimal changes in resistance after being bent 5000 times at a radius of 5 mm. Overall, this research offers a new opportunity for the large-scale patterned production of flexible thermoelectric films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript describes the synthesis of green long afterglow nanophosphors SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Nd3+ using the combustion process. The study encompassed the photoluminescence behavior, elemental composition, chemical valence, morphology, and phase purity of SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Nd3+ nanoparticles. The results demonstrate that after introducing Eu2+ into the matrix lattice, it exhibits an emission band centered at 508 nm when excited by 365 nm ultraviolet light, which is induced by the 4f65d1→4f7 transition of Eu2+ ions. The optimal doping concentrations of Eu2+ and Nd3+ were determined to be 2% and 1%, respectively. Based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, we have found that the physical phase was not altered by the doping of Eu2+ and Nd3+. Then, we analyzed and compared the quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime, and afterglow decay time of the samples; the co-doped ion Nd3+ itself does not emit light, but it can serve as an electron trap center to collect a portion of the electrons produced by the excitation of Eu2+, which gradually returns to the ground state after the excitation stops, generating an afterglow luminescence of about 15 s. The quantum yields of SrAl2O4:Eu2+ and SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Nd3+ phosphors were 41.59% and 10.10% and the fluorescence lifetimes were 404 ns and 76 ns, respectively. In addition, the Eg value of 4.98 eV was determined based on the diffuse reflectance spectra of the material, which closely matches the calculated bandgap value of SrAl2O4. The material can be combined with polyacrylic acid to create optical anti-counterfeiting ink, and the butterfly and ladybug patterns were effectively printed through screen printing; this demonstrates the potential use of phosphor in the realm of anti-counterfeiting printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrochemical alkalization of (Cu–S)n metal–organic framework (MOF) and graphene oxide ((Cu–S)n MOF/GO) composite yields a new CuO/(Cu–S)n MOF/RGO (reduced GO) composite with porous morphology on screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) which facilitated the electron transfer properties in electrochemical quercetin (QUE) detection. A selective QUE detection ability has been demonstrated by the constructed electrochemical sensor (CuO/(Cu–S)n MOF/RGO/SPCE), which also has a broad dynamic range of 0.5 to 115 µM in pH 3 by differential pulse voltammetry. The detection limit is 0.083 µM (S/N = 3). In this study, it was observed that the real samples contained 0.34 mg mL−1 and 27.7 µg g−1 QUE in wine and onion, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Screen printing technology is employed to prepare poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/double‐walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) films as active p‐type material for flexible thermoelectric generators (TEGs). Performance of the PEDOT:PSS/CNT composites have been optimized by changing the formulation inks to make them suitable for screen printing, by varying the CNT concentrations and by treating the printed polymeric films in ethylene glycol (EG). The purpose of this work is finding the processing conditions that optimize conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and the power factor of the fully printed material. From experimental data, the composite with 10% by weight of DWCNT chemically treated in EG maximizes conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Screen printing is an interesting technique for the high‐volume production of printed conductive electronic devices on flexible substrates. In this study, silver conductive lines have been produced by screen‐printing technique on flexible PEN substrates and optimized in order to provide maximum electrical conduction. The geometry of the obtained conductive samples has been modified by performing thermoforming tests in a mold with complex geometry, replicating a significant section of dashboard coating. The functionality of the shape‐deformed substrates has been assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile printing processes consist of the localised application of colour on textile substrates to obtain well‐defined designs and patterns. Currently, there are many textile printing techniques; however, the limitations and selectivity of these techniques still keep the printing method of rotary screen printing the most important and used among them. One of the advantages of rotary printing is its excellent application versatility, which can be used for any fabric and non‐wovens, fibre, or mixtures, with high production speed, quality, colour fastness, and definition. However, due to its high complexity, rotary printing requires great technical knowledge. Rotary printing requires specific application care depending on the fabric structure, fibrous composition, grammage, and type of intended effect. Regardless of the technique used, printed articles need to ensure that the colour remains attached to the substrate, either by direct dye–fibre or indirect pigment–binder–fibre bonding, to resist the conditions of use, that is, light, abrasion, stretching, and washing. The rise in recent publications reflects the search for economic and sustainable textile printing alternatives, focusing on screen printing variables. Based on this, this review aimed to present a comprehensive guide containing all the care and essential technical information for processes based on rotary printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This novel work details the development and comprehensive characterization of a highly sensitive and selective lactate biosensor system, leveraging the modification of screen‐printed electrodes (SPEs) with hollow carbon nanorods (HCNs). The HCN synthesis involved a multi‐step procedure utilizing iron (III) oxyhydroxide (β‐FeOOH) nanorods as sacrificial templates. Extensive characterization through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) substantiated the successful fabrication of HCNs replete with substantial cavities. To assess the efficacy of surface modification, HCNs were applied to SPEs using drop casting and electrodeposition methods, enabling a comparative analysis of these techniques in the context of biosensor systems. Lactate detection was accomplished effectively, revealing a linear range of 1 μM to 300 μM for drop casting and 10 μM to 300 μM for electrodeposition, with corresponding limit of detection (LOD) values of 0.55 μM and 2.8 μM. The biosensor system exhibited exceptional stability, repeatability, and selectivity. Furthermore, real sample analyses employing spiked serum samples demonstrated remarkable accuracy, achieving recoveries of up to 109 % for drop casting and 111 % for electrodeposition methods. In summary, the presented HCN‐modified SPEs offer a highly sensitive, selective, and stable platform for lactate detection, showcasing their significant potential across a spectrum of applications, including clinical diagnostics and bioprocess monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In battery systems, there are several established form factors targeting mass market applications, like D, C, AA, AAA series, lithium round cells, and coin cells. Besides these standardized batteries, in printed electronics, there are several approaches to realize flat batteries of different material systems fabricating primary and secondary battery types. For a dedicated application in agriculture, a sensor system requires a degradable primary battery. In this paper, the development of a dedicated zinc–carbon battery is described, supplying the sensor application with 4.5 Vnom. The battery has a 170 mm length and a 23 mm outer diameter. while the inner core is open for the antenna system of the application. The active area is up to 161 cm2. The design and manufacturing aspects are described. The rolled-up battery system is fully charged after manufacturing and ready to operate. It may remain inside the degradable sensor system after use in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel, portable deep learning-assisted smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) cost-effective (~10$) sensing platform was developed and used for selective detection of lactate. Low-cost, fast prototyping screen printing and wax printing methods with paper-based substrate were used to fabricate miniaturized single-pair electrode ECL platforms. The lab-made 3D-printed portable black box served as a reaction chamber. This portable platform was integrated with a smartphone and a buck-boost converter, eliminating the need for expensive CCD cameras, photomultiplier tubes, and bulky power supplies. This advancement makes this platform ideal for point-of-care testing applications. Foremost, the integration of a deep learning approach served to enhance not just the accuracy of the ECL sensors, but also to expedite the diagnostic procedure. The deep learning models were trained (3600 ECL images) and tested (900 ECL images) using ECL images obtained from experimentation. Herein, for user convenience, an Android application with a graphical user interface was developed. This app performs several tasks, which include capturing real-time images, cropping them, and predicting the concentration of required bioanalytes through deep learning. The device's capability to work in a real environment was tested by performing lactate sensing. The fabricated ECL device shows a good liner range (from 50 µM to 2000 µM) with an acceptable limit of detection value of 5.14 µM. Finally, various rigorous analyses, including stability, reproducibility, and unknown sample analysis, were conducted to check device durability and stability. Therefore, the developed platform becomes versatile and applicable across various domains by harnessing deep learning as a cutting-edge technology and integrating it with a smartphone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sustainable use of natural resources is becoming an increasingly important issue today. Stone paper, produced as an alternative to cellulose-based paper from the forest, is rich in minerals and produced without cellulose and water. This study focuses on the behavior of screen-printing ink on two different papers, stone paper and coated sticker paper. Properties such as ink adhesion, rubbing resistance, optical printing ink density, ink consumption, and lightfastness were measured on these surfaces. Solvent- and UV-based inks were used, and printing was carried out on cellulose-based (coated sticker paper) and mineral-based (stone paper) paper layers using three different mesh counts (90, 120, and 140 tpc). The rubbing resistance and lightfastness of the papers were also measured. The present findings revealed that stone paper had the same printability properties as cellulose-based paper. The study concluded that using a 140 tpc mesh with both types of ink results in a high-lightfastness ink layer and lower ink consumption. UV-based inks exhibited high rub resistance across all mesh counts. Additionally, when printing with stone paper, there will be a reduction in ink consumption, thereby achieving cost savings. Based on the present findings, it was concluded that water- and oil-resistant stone paper can be considered an essential alternative in many fields, including the printing industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurements of Young's modulus and residual stresses of screen‐printed ink layers using a bulge test on coated polyimide‐based membranes are proposed in this work. The applied bulge test monitors the deflection of membranes under pressure with interferometry. The obtained Young's modulus ranges from 6 to 8 GPa for a carbon blend‐based ink and is around 12 GPa for a silver nanoparticle ink. These values are compared with standard nanoindentation and show good agreement. Besides, the residual stresses range from −4 to 8 MPa for the carbon blend‐based ink, while the silver ink is measured around −10 MPa. The use of the membrane‐based method underlines the influence of exact deposition and curing conditions on the ink film material properties. The impact of the substrate on the ink layer properties, such as the thickness and its uniformity, is discussed, especially with regard to the heat treatment of the membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the potential of the dye extracted from the fruits of the alien invasive plant staghorn sumac (lat. Rhus typhina) as a sustainable and environmentally friendly colorant. By using a range of solvents, including distilled water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, acetonitrile, acetone, and dichloromethane, this study aims to determine the optimum solvent for the extraction of anthocyanin dyes from the fruit of staghorn sumac for the formulation of printing inks and for screen printing on paper and cotton fabric. The colors of the prints made with different dye extracts varied between more or less intense brownish-yellow hues, with the exception of the dye extracts in methanol and ethanol, which gave more brownish-orange hues. All prints showed excellent resistance to rubbing on cotton fabrics as well as to wet ironing. The light fastness of prints made with inks containing dyes extracted from all organic solvents was very good. Good wash fastness of prints on cotton fabrics was only achieved with inks made with dyes extracted in propanol and dichloromethane. The ink made from the dye extracted in propanol proved to be the best choice for printing on cotton fabric due to its uniform, intense, and resilient prints, while the inks made from the dyes extracted in distilled water and ethanol were also a good choice for printing on paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the evolving Industry 4.0 landscape, machine learning-based visual inspection plays a key role in enhancing production efficiency. Screen printing, a versatile and cost-effective manufacturing technique, is widely applied in industries like electronics, textiles, and automotive. However, the production of complex multilayered designs is error-prone, resulting in a variety of defect appearances and classes. These defects can be characterized as small in relation to large sample areas and weakly pronounced. Sufficient defect visualization and robust defect detection methods are essential to address these challenges, especially considering the permitted design variability. In this work, we present a novel automatic visual inspection system for surface defect detection on decorated foil plates. Customized optical modalities, integrated into a sequential inspection procedure, enable defect visualization of production-related defect classes. The introduced patch-wise defect detection methods, designed to leverage less labeled data, prove effective for industrial defect detection, meeting the given process requirements. In this context, we propose an industry-applicable and scalable data preprocessing workflow that minimizes the overall labeling effort while maintaining high detection performance, as known in supervised settings. Moreover, the presented methods, not relying on any labeled defective training data, outperformed a state-of-the-art unsupervised anomaly detection method in terms of defect detection performance and inference speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Redesigning anode structures in Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) has been a focus of research aimed at surpassing the energy density of conventional LIBs. Although anode‐free LIBs present a promising architecture, their low Coulombic efficiency is a major drawback. This paper introduces a novel hybrid anode that integrates the current collector (CC) and active materials into a single, cohesive porous structure, which supports both de/intercalation and de/plating reactions. The hybrid anode consists of a porous Cu matrix with embedded ZrO2 powders and graphite; the quantity of graphite is only a third of that present in a traditional graphite anode. The porous structure and additives enhance the electrochemical performance of the hybrid anode by minimizing the Li–electrolyte interactions, forming a stable solid–electrolyte interface and Li4Zr3O8 passivation layer, and reducing the nucleation overpotential. Especially, the unique surface morphology, characterized by a negative curvature between sintered Cu particles, lowers the diffusion potential, which further reduces the nucleation overpotential. Additionally, the periodic mesh‐imprinted top surface, created via screen printing, promotes uniform Li plating. The results demonstrate that the cycling performance and energy density offered by the fabricated hybrid anode are superior to those of conventional graphite anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stunning thermoelectric behavior of inorganic/organic hybrids and the lack of information on screen-printed flexible thermoelectric generators based on Cu 3 Se 2 and Polyaniline for low-temperature applications have motivated this work. The synergic influence of various acid dopants, concentration, and annealing temperature of polyaniline on the power density of Cu 3 Se 2 /PANI ink-based flexible thermoelectric generator is explored. The presence of 1.5 wt% of H 2 SO 4 -PANI, annealed at 60 °C, decreased the bandgap and electrical resistance of Cu 3 Se 2 by 11.96 % and 29.4 %, respectively. As a result, an increase of 46.06 % in the Seebeck coefficient and 242 % in the power output is achieved, which is many folds higher than the few reported works using novel materials. In addition, the Cu 3 Se 2 /H 2 SO 4 -PANI ink-based flexible thermoelectric generator with eight legs exhibited a maximum power output, power density, and power factor of 25.69 nW, 23.79 mW/m2, and 0.77 nW/m2K2 at ΔT = 100 °C, respectively under external load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The printed electronics (PEs) market has witnessed substantial growth, reaching a valuation of USD 10.47 billion in the previous year. Driven by its extensive use in a multitude of applications, this growth trend is expected to continue with a projected compound annual growth rate of 22.3% from 2022 to 2032. Compared to screen printing, the adoption of inkjet printing (IJP) technology to manufacture PEs has been limited to laboratory‐scale research only. The fact that IJP's inability to maintain consistent high‐resolution quality over large printing areas has made transitioning IJP for commercial production arduous. Most of the previous literatures have focused on holistic discussion on material design for IJP, but this review provides insight into key aspects in material processing up to printing optimization to realize high‐resolution PEs. This review also highlights the challenges in controlling the functional ink properties and their interaction with the substrate as well as printing parameters to deliver the desired quality of the droplets and final prints. Imminent application of IJP in PEs and future perspectives are also included in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports on the first all‐printed vertically stacked organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) operating in accumulation mode; the devices, relying on poly([4,4′‐bis(2‐(2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)‐2,2′‐bithiophen‐5,5′‐diyl]‐alt‐[thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐2,5‐diyl]) (pgBTTT) as the active channel material, are fabricated via a combination of screen and inkjet printing technologies. The resulting OECTs (W/L ≈5) demonstrate good switching performance; gm, norm ≈13 mS cm−1, µC* ≈21 F cm−1 V−1 s−1, ON–OFF ratio > 104 and good cycling stability upon continuous operation for 2 h. The inkjet printing process of pgBTTT is established by first solubilizing the polymer in dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene), a non‐toxic, cellulose‐derived, and biodegradable solvent. The resulting ink formulations exhibit good jettability, thereby providing reproducible and stable p‐type accumulation mode all‐printed OECTs with high performance. Besides the environmental and safety benefits of this solvent, this study also demonstrates the assessment of how the solvent affects the performance of spin‐coated OECTs, which justifies the choice of Cyrene as an alternative to commonly used harmful solvents such as chloroform, also from a device perspective. Hence, this approach shows a new possibility of obtaining more sustainable printed electronic devices, which will eventually result in all‐printed OECT‐based logic circuits operating in complementary mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its long-lasting tranquilizing effect on the human body, the abusive use of flunitrazepam (FNZ) in sexual assault and robbery is commonly encountered. In this study, the assembly of a hybrid nanocomposite comprising cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets onto the surface of a screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is presented for the sensitive determination of flunitrazepam in various beverages. The properties of the CeO2-rGO nanocomposite were evaluated using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, while its electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A distinct composite structure with improved current response and electron transfer properties was achieved through the judicious application of rGO nanosheets to facilitate the in situ formation and anchoring of CeO2 nanoparticles. Under optimal conditions, the CeO2-rGO modified SPCE demonstrated flunitrazepam detection to 124 nM with a sensitivity of 40 µA µM−1 cm−2 and exhibited a broad linear response in the concentration range from 0.1 to 300 µM. The quantification of flunitrazepam in spiked beverage samples using CeO2-rGO/SPCE demonstrated satisfactory recovery from 96 to108%. The functionalized sensor was further integrated into a microfluidic chip to prepare a portable flunitrazepam electrochemical platform, in which multiple samples can be processed and reliable analysis can be conducted at low sample volumes. The designed electrochemical microfluidic platform demonstrated desirable performance for flunitrazepam determination, offering a promising solution for on-site determination of illicit drugs in the field of forensic investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hybrid organic‐inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly advanced in the new generation of photovoltaic devices. As the demand for energy continues to grow, the pursuit of more stable, highly efficient, and cost‐effective solar cells has intensified in both academic research and the industry. Consequently, the development of scalable fabrication techniques that yield a uniform and dense perovskite absorber layer with optimal crystallization plays a crucial role to enhance stability and higher efficiency of perovskite solar modules. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advancements, comparison, and future prospects of scalable deposition techniques for perovskite photovoltaics. We discuss various techniques, including solution‐based and physical methods such as blade coating, inkjet printing (IJP), screen printing, slot‐die coating, physical vapor deposition, and spray coating that have been employed for fabrication of perovskite modules. The advantages and challenges associated with these techniques, such as contactless and maskless deposition, scalability, and compatibility with roll‐to‐roll processes, have been thoroughly examined. Finally, the integration of multiple subcells in perovskite solar modules is explored using different scalable deposition techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In synergy with constructing a sustainable environment, facile reuse of carbon-rich biowastes as inexpensive precursors for the synthesis of value-added functional carbon dots (CDs) has garnered fruitful outcomes. Pistachio shells comprising cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were successfully utilized as a carbon source for the synthesis of CDs through carbonization and subsequent hydrothermal method. The methanolic fraction with desirable fluorescence in the visible region obtained after column purification of CDs was further characterized using TEM, EDS, SAED, FTIR, XPS, RS, XRD, and TCSPC techniques. The blue and green emitting CDs were used as colorants to prepare a water-based ink for screen printing. The screen prints on UV dull paper substrate exhibited good colorimetric and density values. The UV-induced yellow fluorescence of the ink film can be used as a security feature to authenticate genuine document/products and data storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a novel moisture-electric generator that utilizes the unique properties of a blended poly(4-styrene sulfonic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol) with phytic acid by screen printing and scrape coating, achieving an impressive open-circuit voltage of 0.88 V from ambient humidity. This innovative design significantly enhances ion transport, moisture adsorption, and flexibility, making a marked improvement in converting environmental humidity to electrical energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]