308 results on '"SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEMS"'
Search Results
2. Maternity benefit: comparison of systems and financing in V4 countries
- Author
-
Danuta DUDA, Kamila TUREČKOVÁ, Ivona BURYOVÁ, and Radka KUBALOVÁ
- Subjects
maternity benefit ,maternity leave ,parental leave ,financing ,social security systems ,v4 countries ,comparison ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 ,Political science - Abstract
Maternity leave is a standard social policy instrument implied in the family life of citizens of developed economies, but the actual scheme and conditions of the maternity leave and maternity benefit vary considerably from one country to another, even in the case of the usual regional units. Hence, the paper makes a deductive comparison of the individual maternity benefit systems in the V4 countries, specifying mutual similarities and partial differences, and processing them into an overview summary scheme. The descriptive part is complemented by an empirical analysis of the development of financing of maternity benefit within the social security systems in the period 2010-2019. The uniqueness of the elaborated topic lies in the absence of similar topics published so far, including the conclusion that Slovakia progressively approached the support of maternity through a significant financial and systemic strengthening of its status within its social system during the period under review.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The role of mutuals and community‐based insurance in social health protection systems: International experience on delegated functions.
- Author
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Niang, Marietou, Gélinas, Émilie, Samb, Oumar Mallé, Tessier, Lou, Mailfert, Mathilde, Iradukunda, Aurore, dit Guérin, Olivier Louis, and Ridde, Valéry
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL security , *HEALTH insurance , *SUSTAINABLE development , *FRATERNAL organizations - Abstract
The institutional architecture for the provision of social health protection varies across countries, as do the actors and organizations involved. In some countries, mutual benefit societies and community‐based health insurance organizations (CBHI) play a role in this area. In the 1990s, these were promoted particularly as a means of extending social security coverage, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. In the current context, the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, as well as renewed political will to realize universal coverage, has led to a questioning of the role of mutuals/CBHI. However, the literature on the roles they play in national social security systems remains limited. For this scoping review, 49 documents were analysed, covering 18 countries worldwide, focused on the delegation of functions to mutuals/CBHI in national social health protection systems. The results reveal the dynamics of the delegation of functions within social protection systems over time and their implementation processes. These provide areas for reflection that can inform policy processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. El sistema de seguridad social del estado de Veracruz.
- Author
-
Barcelata Chávez, Hilario
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABLE investing , *BANKRUPTCY , *SOCIAL security , *DEFINED benefit pension plans , *PENSION trusts , *RETIREES , *COST , *GOVERNMENT policy , *PENSIONS , *RETIREMENT planning - Abstract
The current research aims to analyze the financial unsustainability and the technical bankruptcy faced by the social security system of the state of Veracruz, under the hypothesis that this problem is not only the result of the logic with which the defined benefit regime operates which sustains, but also the tendency to increase the benefits granted without the corresponding increase in the contributions, as well as the original design and the reforms to its parametric variables over time. Regime in which contributions have been insufficient to maintain the long-term balance between the income collected and the expenses of the payment of pensions, during the life of each pensioner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Reflexiones sobre algunos diagnósticos y recomendaciones de la Misión de Empleo 2021.
- Author
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Pérez Torres, Francisco José
- Subjects
ECONOMIC models ,WAGE differentials ,ECONOMIC policy ,MINIMUM wage ,LABOR law reform - Abstract
Copyright of Tiempo y Economía is the property of La Fundacion Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The Integrated Information Ecosystem of e-Gov, ICT, and SDGs: Learnings from Bangla Sahayata Kendras.
- Author
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Azim, Syeda Saadia
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC portfolios ,DIGITAL technology ,INFORMATION & communication technologies ,DIGITAL communications ,TELECOMMUNICATION ,CLIMATE change ,GENDER inequality - Abstract
The electronic governance (e-Gov) mechanism and the introduction of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have evolved the working of democratic governments and their interaction with the diverse populace. A technology-driven integrated information, communication, and delivery system steered the West Bengal government and its people toward sustainable transformations and development, to approach United Nations' ten significant SDGs. The balance of socioeconomic development while protecting natural resources for future generations in a fast-changing digital ecosystem is called Electronic Governance for Sustainable Development (e-Gov for SDGs). This academic paper elaborates on an integrated model of e-Governance for sustainability communications with citizens at the grassroots in West Bengal. It explains the nuances of information and communication technologies in a citizen-centric service delivery system through e-Gov units called Bangla Sahayata Kendra (BSKs). The e-Governance model, dependent of technology-driven digital communication system for public service deliveries, showcases a highly intertwined process of sustainable development. BSKs: Are units of e-Governance in West Bengal Provide electronic delivery of informational and transactional services to citizens - by publishing government information, increasing public participation in government decision-making and making government services readily available to citizens. Fulfil UN's Sustainable Goals by providing universal access to public services and connecting different government departments through online interactive communication platform. Building on the intersection of e-Gov, ICT (information, communications and technology) driven digital communications and SDG, the paper examines ten initiatives run through the BSK portal that unifies government systems, sustainability initiatives, and digital communications tools through a single online window. The platform mitigates five significant sustainability challenges: increased inequalities, gender inequality, unsustainable community practices, climate inaction, and poverty. Finally, the paper evaluates the role of information, communication and technology (ICT) systems in e-governance enterprises and its contribution toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
7. Maternity benefit: comparison of systems and financing in V4 countries.
- Author
-
DUDA, Danuta, TUREČKOVÁ, Kamila, BURYOVÁ, Ivona, and KUBALOVÁ, Radka
- Subjects
- *
MATERNITY benefits , *MATERNITY leave , *SOCIAL status , *SOCIAL security , *SOCIAL systems - Abstract
Maternity leave is a standard social policy instrument implied in the family life of citizens of developed economies, but the actual scheme and conditions of the maternity leave and maternity benefit vary considerably from one country to another, even in the case of the usual regional units. Hence, the paper makes a deductive comparison of the individual maternity benefit systems in the V4 countries, specifying mutual similarities and partial differences, and processing them into an overview summary scheme. The descriptive part is complemented by an empirical analysis of the development of financing of maternity benefit within the social security systems in the period 2010-2019. The uniqueness of the elaborated topic lies in the absence of similar topics published so far, including the conclusion that Slovakia progressively approached the support of maternity through a significant financial and systemic strengthening of its status within its social system during the period under review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Investing better in universal social protection: Applying international social security standards in social protection policy and financing.
- Author
-
Bierbaum, Mira and Schmitt, Valérie
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,SOCIAL security ,ECONOMIC recovery ,INVESTMENT management ,SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed significant gaps in the coverage, comprehensiveness and adequacy of social protection systems worldwide. These gaps have jeopardized the health, incomes and jobs of billions of people. Closing these protection gaps, facilitating faster and inclusive socio-economic recovery and enhancing resilience against future shocks requires more investment in social protection. Yet, more investment alone is not sufficient; countries also need to invest better in universal social protection, that is, to ensure that investments in social protection contribute to building systems that are aligned with international social security standards, in particular the Social Protection Floors Recommendation, 2012 (No. 202), working in tandem with the Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952 (No. 102). This working paper is intended for a broad audience and outlines how the guidance provided by Recommendation No. 202 contributes to building nationally owned social protection systems that comprehensively and adequately protect the population and leave no one behind, are financially sustainable and socially just and rely on sound management and good governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
9. The Gender Gap of Retirement Pensions in Spain, Causes and Improvements in the Legal Order
- Author
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Álvarez-García, José, Domínguez-Fabián, Inmaculada, del Olmo-García, Francisco, Rosado-Cebrián, Beatriz, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gil-Lafuente, Jaime, editor, Marino, Domenico, editor, and Morabito, Francesco Carlo, editor
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Croatia: Victims of Transition? The Role of Homeland War Veterans in Public Discourse in Croatia
- Author
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Jakir, Aleksandar, Chen, Sheying, Series Editor, Powell, Jason L., Series Editor, Taylor, Paul, editor, Murray, Emma, editor, and Albertson, Katherine, editor
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Precariousness among solo self-employed workers: a German–Dutch comparison
- Author
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Conen, Wieteke and Buschoff, Karin Schulze
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. O DEBATE PREVIDENCIÁRIO CONTEMPORÂNEO: 'perspectiva conservadora' versus 'perspectiva das demandas por seguridade social'
- Author
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Jessé Sales Rêgo, Ricardo Zimbrão A\uFB00onso de Paula, and Alexandro Sousa Brito
- Subjects
economy ,social security systems ,public sector ,market ,citi ,zenship ,Political science ,Political institutions and public administration (General) ,JF20-2112 - Abstract
The article discusses the ideological roots of the debate about the organization and management of social security systems in contemporary capitalist society. In this sense, two perspectives stand out, the “conservative perspective” and the “perspective of demands for social security”. It also discusses how this debate influences the current project of Reform of the Brazilian Social Security System.
- Published
- 2018
13. Recientes interpretaciones jurisprudenciales del Reglamento 883/2004 sobre coordinación europea de los sistemas nacionales de Seguridad Social.
- Author
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Porras, María Salas
- Subjects
SOCIAL security ,SECURITY systems ,SOCIAL systems ,EUROPEAN citizenship ,NATIONAL security - Abstract
Copyright of e-Revista Internacional de la Protección Social is the property of e-Revista Internacional de la Proteccion Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Las prestaciones del sistema de seguridad social: retos de la gestión y administración
- Author
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Riaño Barón, Gina Magnolia and Riaño Barón, Gina Magnolia
- Abstract
Since the end of XIX century and the beginning of XX century, the protection of workers and citizens has been a rising worried, which lead the birth of social security systems. It is not possible to understand how these systems are now ignoring its origin and development, even its subjective and objective areas, even its management and administration way, which is essential for getting the best efficiency. Nowadays, it is possible to say that social security systems have a very important challenge, due to its importance have been demonstrated after COVID-19 pandemic, and for it is necessary to recuperate the public management., Desde finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX, la preocupación por la protección de los trabajadores y de los ciudadanos se convirtió en una constante que dio lugar al nacimiento de los sistemas de Seguridad Social. La configuración actual de la protección social no se entiende sin conocer su origen y evolución, tanto de su ámbito subjetivo y objetivo como desde el punto de vista de su gestión y administración, esencial para lograr la máxima eficiencia en su aplicación. En el momento actual, todo ello cobra aún más importancia, pues garantizar la eficiencia en la gestión institucional se puede entender como un aspecto clave para el futuro de los sistemas de seguridad social, cuyo papel esencial se ha puesto de manifiesto de forma clara en la pandemia por el COVID-19.
- Published
- 2023
15. Assessment of work ability in competing strands of social insurance: the German case
- Author
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Aurich-Beerheide, Patrizia and Brussig, Martin
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. In defence of the welfare state? : social policy restructuring in Finland and Sweden in the 1990s
- Author
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Timonen, Virpi
- Subjects
301 ,Benefits ,Social security systems - Published
- 2001
17. Convenio sobre asistencia médica y prestaciones monetarias de enfermedad 1969 (núm. 130).
- Author
-
CARMONA BAYONA, Erica
- Subjects
MEDICAL care ,SOCIAL security ,ECONOMIC security ,SUSTAINABLE development ,HEALTH - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
18. FLEXICURITY - PROS AND CONS.
- Author
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DUTCAŞ, Monica Florica
- Subjects
- *
LABOR market , *LEARNING strategies , *EMPLOYMENT policy , *SOCIAL security , *SOCIAL policy - Abstract
The paper addresses the concept of flexicurity as an element of European policy on labour and the right to work. Some arguments pros and cons flexicurity and the political components of the concept, are proposed, specifically flexible and trustworthy contractual arrangements, lifelong learning strategies, active labour policies and modern social security systems, as pillars of European social policy. A synopsis of issues and considerations regarding the concept, methodological aspects of its treatment in theory, with implications in practice will also be presented. Without claiming the exhaustive coverage, the arguments on the application of the concept will be submitted to discuss. Finally, the possible influences of flexicurity on the labour market will be assessed as a basis for proactive employment policy and getting jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
19. Lo status del cittadino dell'Unione in cerca di occupazione: un limbo normativo?
- Author
-
M. Eugenia Bartoloni
- Subjects
member state nationals who are job-seekers ,equal treatment ,social assistance ,social security systems ,directive 2004/38/ec ,Law ,Law of Europe ,KJ-KKZ - Abstract
(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2016 1(1), 153-162 | European Forum Insight of 16 April 2016 | (Table of Contents) I. Premessa. - II. La qualificazione delle prestazioni. - III. L'art. 24 della direttiva 2004/38 quale parametro esclusivo per valutare la conformità delle misure statali. - IV. Lo status del cittadino dell'Unione in cerca di occupazione.... - V. ... e la sua tutela molta incerta. - VI. Una tutela più intensa per il cittadino economicamente inattivo? - VII. Considerazioni conclusive. | (Abstract) In Alimanovic (case C-67/14, 15 September 2015) the CJEU ruled that Member States nationals who are job seekers and resident in another MS can be excluded from the entitlement to certain benefits constituting social assistance within the terms of EU law, which are granted to nationals in the same position. The author argues that this ruling departs from the basic integrationist philosophy underlying earlier citizenship case law. It also considerably narrows the right to equal access to social benefits for Member States nationals who are job-seekers in another Member State.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. COMPARAŢIE ÎNTRE HOTĂRÂREA „BREY” 140/12 DIN 19.09.2013 ŞI HOTĂRÂREA „COMISIA/MAREA BRITANIE” 308/14 DIN 14.06.2016 ALE CURŢII DE JUSTIŢIE A UNIUNII EUROPENE, ÎN MATERIA LIBEREI CIRCULAŢII A PERSOANELOR (DREPTUL DE ACCES LA SISTEMUL SOCIAL AL STATULUI GAZDĂ).
- Author
-
Lazăr, Carmen
- Abstract
The present study aims to make a comparison between the two decisions pronounced in the matter of persons' freedom of movement, more precisely concerning the right of access at the social system of the host Member State, pointing out the fact that, although the situations were similar and the applicable norms were the same (i.e. the Regulation 883/2004 and the Directive 38/2004), the solution of the Court was different, more precisely opposite. So, in the first case, relying only on the Directive, the Court has found out that the European citizens have the right of access at the social systems of the Member States, other than those of citizenship, on the territory of which they have the residence (even though the last is not legal), while in the second case, relying only on the Regulation, it decided that such a right does not exist. It is interesting that, in the second case, the Commission itself relied in its conclusions on the Decision Brey, so waiting for the same solution. Such a turn was not explained by the Court and cannot be explained but politically, by the desire of the Court to convince the Great Britain not to retreat from the European Union. It must be mentioned that the fact that the first decision was pronounced in a preliminary ruling procedure - one which involves a national jurisdiction which has to solve a litigation and, for this purpose, rises to the Union jurisdictions a question of Union law -, while the second in a direct action before the Union jurisdictions, more precisely a procedure against a Member State for failure to fulfil an obligation imposed by the Union law, is not relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
21. On the spread of social protection systems.
- Author
-
Egger, Peter, Radulescu, Doina, and Strecker, Nora
- Subjects
SOCIAL security ,POLITICAL systems ,INTERDEPENDENCE theory ,EMPLOYERS ,EMPLOYEES - Abstract
This paper undertakes an empirical analysis of the adoption of contributory social security systems and effective and specific contribution rates. Conditional on country-(time-)specific economic determinants of the setting of these components, the empirical analysis focuses on the role of contagion for policy adoption. Specifically, the paper assesses to which extent a country's integration into the international network of economic and political cooperation, the similarity of political systems, and economic interdependence facilitate the adoption of a social security system, its components, and its contributions across economies. The findings suggest that proximity through common policy, geographical neighborhood, and common culture is important for the diffusion of any type of social security scheme among proximate countries. Further, contagion matters for the adoption probability of specific contribution systems as such, as well as for the setting of contribution rates for both employers and employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. PROCENA NIVOA SIGURNOSTI NA TRŽIŠTU RADA PRIMENOM ANALIZE GLAVNIH KOMPONENATA.
- Author
-
JANDRIĆ, MAJA
- Subjects
LABOR market ,SECURITIES ,ECONOMIC indicators ,NUMERICAL analysis ,MULTIPLE correspondence analysis (Statistics) - Abstract
Copyright of Ekonomske Ideje i Praksa is the property of Centar za Izdavacku Delatnost Ekonomskog Fakulteta u Beogradu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
23. Can concern for the long-term care of older parents explain son preference at birth in India?
- Author
-
Kadoya, Yoshihiko and Khan, Mostafa Saidur Rahim
- Subjects
- *
LONG-term health care , *BIRTHPARENTS , *INTERVIEWING , *METROPOLITAN areas , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *RURAL conditions , *SEX distribution , *SONS , *CULTURAL values , *FAMILY relations , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *OLD age , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study examines whether concern for the long-term care of older parents is the primary reason for son preference in India. Controlling for important socioeconomic factors that are believed to affect son preference, we find that concern for long-term care is the principal cause of son preference in India. Sons serve as the primary caregivers to elderly parents, while daughters are mostly engaged in caring for parents-in-law. This trend is more acute in rural than in urban areas. Our study also finds a strong implication of the filial relationship for the long-term care of elderly parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Investing more in universal social protection: Applying international social security standards in social protection policy and financing
- Author
-
Bierbaum, Mira and Schmitt, Valérie
- Subjects
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ,social security contributions ,developing countries ,social security systems ,social protection ,H3 ,I3 ,social protection floors ,ddc:330 ,solidarity ,H53 ,social protection financing ,H55 ,international social security standards ,fiscal space ,F53 ,public expenditure - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed significant gaps in the coverage, comprehensiveness and adequacy of social protection systems worldwide. These gaps have jeopardized the health, incomes and jobs of billions of people. Closing these protection gaps, facilitating faster and inclusive socio-economic recovery and enhancing resilience against future shocks requires more investment in social protection. Yet, more investment alone is not sufficient; countries also need to invest better in universal social protection, that is, to ensure that investments in social protection contribute to building systems that are aligned with international social security standards, in particular the Social Protection Floors Recommendation, 2012 (No. 202), working in tandem with the Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952 (No. 102). This working paper is intended for a broad audience and outlines how the guidance provided by Recommendation No. 202 contributes to building nationally owned social protection systems that comprehensively and adequately protect the population and leave no one behind, are financially sustainable and socially just and rely on sound management and good governance.
- Published
- 2022
25. Investing more in universal social protection: Filling the financing gap through domestic resource mobilization and international support and coordination
- Author
-
Bierbaum, Mira and Schmitt, Valérie
- Subjects
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ,domestic resource mobilization ,social security contributions ,developing countries ,social security systems ,social protection ,official development assistance (ODA) ,H3 ,I3 ,social protection floors ,ddc:330 ,solidarity ,H53 ,social protection financing ,H55 ,fiscal space ,public expenditure - Abstract
Large and persistent gaps in social protection coverage, comprehensiveness and adequacy are linked to many barriers, including high levels of informality, institutional fragmentation of the social protection system and significant financing gaps for social protection in a context of limited fiscal space. The latter have been further exacerbated by the impact of the COVID-19. Against this background, this paper discusses the magnitude and urgency of the challenge of filling social protection financing gaps and the options for achieving this. Options exist even in low-income countries, including by broadening the tax base; tackling tax evasion and building fair and progressive tax systems together with a sustainable macroeconomic framework; duly collecting social security contributions and tackling non-payment or the avoidance of social security contributions; reprioritizing and reallocating public expenditure; and eliminating corruption and illicit financial flows. National social protection systems should be primarily financed from domestic resources; however, for countries with limited domestic fiscal capacities or countries facing increased needs due to crises, natural disasters or climate change, international financial resources, in combination with technical assistance, could complement and support domestic resource mobilization for social protection. Furthermore, more dialogue and coherence need to be achieved between international financial and development institutions to avoid contradictory policy advice on the level and nature of investment in social protection. Finally, international cooperation, such as on tax matters or debt restructuring, is needed to create an environment that facilitates domestic resource mobilization.
- Published
- 2022
26. Are Companies Maintaining Social Benefits in Constrained Economic Times?
- Author
-
Dolores Vidal-Salazar, María, Ferrón-Vilchez, Vera, and Cordón-Pozo, Eulogio
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. The determinants of male retirement in urban Brazil
- Author
-
Bernardo Lanza Queiroz
- Subjects
retirement ,labor force participation ,social security systems ,Economic history and conditions ,HC10-1085 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 - Abstract
I use matched and unmatched PME data to study the determinants of male's retirement over the past two decades. The PME is a very rich source of data, although not very used. The matched data consists of a series of short panel data constructed by matching individual records across adjacent years of the PME. Some patterns I find are not surprising. For example, probability of being retired increases monotonically with age, and the strong dependence of labor transition on other individual characteristics such as education. Some other patterns are more interesting and surprising. The labor force participation rates of older workers in the main metropolitan areas are lower than what is observed in the rest of the country. The main explanation is that workers in the main metropolitan areas had earlier enrollment into the system and they also have better access to early retirement benefits. I also observed an inverse U-shaped relation between education and retirement. Less and more educated workers have similar retirement patterns during the period studied. Last, I find that more educated workers, and those in the formal sector, have higher retirement probabilities than less educated and those in the informal labor market.
- Published
- 2007
28. SOSYAL GÜVENLİKTE DEMOGRAFİK DÖNÜŞÜM VE TÜRKİYE'YE YANSIMALARI.
- Author
-
RAKICI, Cemil and YILMAZ, Tarık Zeki
- Abstract
World population is getting older over the years. This description which is called demographic change, shows that aged 65 and over population's share increase in over against total population. Increasing life expectancy and decreasing fertility rate are the two parameters that affect this case. This change which is occur on population structure, carries some issues for countries. One of the big issues is social security systems' breaking down structures and deficits by increasing older population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The Economics of Social Security in Iran: A Case Study of Insurance Income
- Author
-
Ghahraman Abdoli
- Subjects
targeted income ,partial adjustment ,biological rate of interest ,social security systems ,lafer curve ,Business ,HF5001-6182 ,Capital. Capital investments ,HD39-40.7 - Abstract
In this paper, we apply partial adjustment model in order to study the effects of economic, demographic, insurance and other factors on targeted income of Iran is Social Security Organization for the period of 1961 – 2001. Our findings show some variables such as bureaucracy, costs of changes, habits, organizational and institutional constraints would delay reaching the targeted income. The estimated elasticties imply the variables such as minimum wages, number of insurers, and social security tax, would speed up reaching the targeted income. To increase the effects of these factors, an increase in labor intensity of product, capital, and output of economic sectors, are suggested.
- Published
- 2006
30. Future of Work and Pension Design: Portuguese Pension System
- Author
-
Almeida, Pedro Miguel da Silva Santos, Bravo, Jorge Miguel Ventura, and Galvão, Catarina
- Subjects
Digital Era ,Social Security Systems ,Future of Work ,Pension Design ,Pension Schemes - Abstract
Dissertation presented as a partial requirement for obtaining the Master’s degree in Information Management, with a specialization in Knowledge Management and Business Intelligence The new forms of work, as such as Crowdworking and Freelancer jobs, driven by the technologies advances and globalization are introducing more frequent career breaks as well as higher variations on the worker's income which are incompatible with the current old-age protection system in Portugal. Most of the studies performed in Portugal are around the sustainability of the pension scheme and focus mainly on the parametric changes. Only a few studies are reflecting a redesign pension scheme like the Notional Defined Contribution (NDC) implemented in Sweden, Italy and Poland. The objective of this study is to propose a new design of a pension model within the new context of the future of work. The paper analyzes the impact of the future of work on the current Portuguese DB pension model and other existent pension models by simulating pension entitlements based on different career breaks and pensionable salaries oscillations. The results of the study confirmed the inadequacy of the actual Portuguese DB pension model for non-standard workers, and a worker with multiple breaks on the service could have a significant loss on the retirement pension entitlement. The study also confirmed that other standalone design models as the Notional Defined Contribution, Cash Balance, Defined Contribution, and the Systems Points would provide the same inadequacy levels for non-standard workers. We concluded that Beveridge and Bismarck's plans complement each other, and an optimal model within the future of work would have to be based on both characteristics of a Beveridge and Bismarck models with the same level of importance. The study shows evidence that moving away from the existing DB pension model to a multi-model, a first sub-model like a DB plan not linked to the contributive career - a Pure Beveridge model - with the objective of “redistribution” and “poverty relief”, and a second sub-model like a Bismarck plan (DC or Cash Balance type) with the objective of “consumption smoothing” and “insurance” would improve the adequacy and fairness of the pension retirement for the non-standard workers. As novas formas de trabalho, como a prestação de serviços por aplicativo ou trabalho de freelancers, impulsionadas pelos avanços da tecnologia e pela globalização, vêm introduzindo interrupções de carreira mais frequentes, bem como maiores variações nos rendimentos do trabalhador, que são incompatíveis com o atual sistema de pensões público em Portugal. A maioria dos estudos realizados em Portugal, gira em torno da sustentabilidade do regime de pensões publico e incide principalmente nas alterações paramétricas. Apenas alguns estudos analisam o impacto de mudanças estruturais no atual modelo de pensões em Portugal, como o modelo de “Notional Defined Contribuiton” (NDC) implementado na Suécia, Itália e Polónia. O principal objetivo deste estudo, é propor um novo desenho de um modelo de pensões em Portugal dentro do novo contexto do futuro do trabalho. O estudo analisa o impacto do futuro do trabalho no atual modelo de português e noutros modelos existentes, simulando direitos de pensão de reforma baseado em diferentes cenários de interrupções contributivas e oscilações de salários, durante a carreira contributiva. Os resultados confirmam a inadequação do atual modelo português de pensões para as novas formas de trabalho, e um trabalhador com múltiplas interrupções contributivas pode ter uma perda significativa na sua pensão de reforma. O estudo também confirmou que outros modelos como a NDC, “Cash Balance”, Contribuição Definida e o Sistema de pontos têm os mesmos níveis de inadequação de que o modelo de pensões em Portugal relativamente às novas formas de trabalho. Concluímos que os planos do tipo “Beveridge” e “Bismarck” se complementam, e um modelo de pensões ótimo teria necessariamente ter ambas as características de um modelo de Beveridge e Bismarck com o mesmo grau de importância. A principal recomendação do estudo é a alteração do atual modelo de pensões de BD, para um múltiplo modelo, um primeiro submodelo de plano de BD, mas não vinculado à carreia contributiva, como um modelo Puro de Beveridge em que a principal objetivos é garantir um rendimento mínimo e a redistributividade de financiamento do sistema, complementado com um segundo modelo Bismarck (tipo DC ou Cash Balance) vinculado à carreira contributiva, e em que principal objetivo é suavizar impacto no rendimento perdido devido ao evento de reforma e proteger contra o risco de reforma. O estudo demonstra que adotando ambas características “Beveridgean” e “Bismarkian” iria permitir melhores níveis de adequação das pensões de reforma para as novas formas de trabalho.
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- 2021
31. Eingeschränkte Vergleichbarkeit der Daten der Europäischen Arbeitskräfteerhebung am Beispiel der Beschäftigungsquote Älterer.
- Author
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Famira-Mühlberger, Ulrike, Uuemer, Ulrike, and Mayrhuber, Christine
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Sozialreform is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
32. Recientes interpretaciones jurisprudenciales del Reglamento 883/2004 sobre coordinación europea de los sistemas nacionales de Seguridad Social
- Author
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Salas Porras, María and Salas Porras, María
- Abstract
El estudio de la jurisprudencia comunitaria se revela esencial para conocer la dinámica jurídica subyacente a la aplicación de la normativa europea. Ello no sólo por la función complementaria que desempeñan tales pronunciamientos, sino especialmente, porque la realidad jurídico-político que es Europa hace del Tribunal de Justicia uno de los pilares clave para continuar en el avance de su construcción. Partiendo de esta idea, nuestro ensayo abunda en la revisión de los pronunciamientos más recientes realizados por el TJUE en materia de coordinación de los sistemas nacionales de Seguridad Social a partir del Reglamento 883/2004, lo cual nos permite presentar unos resultados que, sin descuidar la esfera económica, cada vez parecen apuntar más a lo social., The study of the European jurisprudence is essential to understand the legal dynamics underlying the application of European regulations. This is not only due to the complementary role that such pronouncements play, but especially because the legal-political reality that is Europe makes the Court of Justice one of the key pillars for continuing to advance its construction. Based on this idea, our essay abounds in the review of the most recent pronouncements made by the CJEU on coordination of national Social Security systems based on Regulation 883/2004, which allows us to present results that, without neglecting the economic sphere, increasingly seem to point more to the social.
- Published
- 2020
33. МЕЖДУНАРОДНО-ПРАВОВОЕ ПОНИМАНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО СПРАВЕДЛИВОГО ПЕРЕХОДА К УСТОЙЧИВОМУ РАЗВИТИЮ И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ИНКЛЮЗИИ
- Subjects
sustainable development ,цифровая трасформация ,pandemic ,системы социального обеспечения ,digital transformation ,пандемия ,сокращение неравенства ,устойчивое развитие ,social security systems ,reducing inequality - Abstract
В статье рассматривается вопрос о необходимости обеспечения социально справедливого перехода к более инклюзивному, справедливому, стабильному и устойчивому развитию и представляет аналитические выкладки относительно стратегий и мер, которые необходимо принять в этой связи. В статье указывается на необходимость дальнейшего анализа влияния процессов цифровизации на устойчивость общества в целом, а также угрозы негативного воздействия пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 на мировые системы социального обеспечения в целом. Автором подчеркивается важность взаимодействия государств на международно-правовом уровне, включающем механизмы сотрудничества в рамках ООН, Международной Организации Труда, Международной Ассоциации Социального обеспечения., The article examines the need to ensure a socially just transition to a more inclusive, equitable, stable, and sustainable development and provides analytical data on the strategies and measures that need to be applied. The article points out the need to further analyze the impact of digitalization on the sustainability of society as a whole as well as the threat of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world's social security systems. The author of the article emphasizes the importance of interaction between states at the international legal level, including the cooperation mechanisms within the UN, the International Labor Organization, and the International Social Security Association., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 3 (105) 2021, Pages 169-171
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- 2021
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34. Social policy advice to countries from the International Monetary Fund during the COVID-19 crisis: Continuity and change
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Razavi, Shahrashoub, Schwarzer, Helmut, Durán Valverde, Fabio, Ortiz, Isabel, and Dutt, Devika
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social health protection ,Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ,domestic resource mobilization ,disability benefits ,social security contributions ,developing countries ,social security systems ,social protection ,official development assistance (ODA) ,H6 ,child allowances ,I3 ,social protection floors ,maternity benefits ,social pensions ,ddc:330 ,H53 ,H55 ,fiscal space ,public expenditure - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused massive disruptions to the global economy and forced policymakers to respond to the newly created challenges. Many policy institutions have therefore had to rethink their established approaches and their usual policy responses. @This paper explores whether there has been a change in International Monetary Fund (IMF) policy advice and conditions in its loan programmes and Article IV surveillance by examining the 148 country reports for IMF programmes in 2020, in the context of significant shifts in its global macroeconomic policy framework during the COVID-19 pandemic. It documents the policy recommendations made in these reports and finds that the IMF has supported increased expenditure on health care and cash transfer programmes, often on a temporary basis, even when it meant higher fiscal deficit and public debt. However, it also finds that the IMF has supported fiscal consolidation and reduction of public debt even more frequently, in 129 of the 148 reports examined. This seems to corroborate the findings of a number of recent studies. Given the pronounced gaps in social protection coverage, comprehensiveness and adequacy across all countries, it is essential that the measures taken to cope with the emergency do not remain a mere stopgap response, but progressively lead to the establishment or strengthening of rights-based national social protection systems, including floors. To do so, countries can and should pursue diverse financing options that are equitable in order to mobilize the financial resources needed for social investments, including investments in social protection systems and quality public services.
- Published
- 2021
35. Sosyal güvenlik sisteminin aktüeryal denge analizi
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Uluçay, Lale Kübra, Aksoy, Ahmet, and İşletme Anabilim Dalı
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Social security ,Insurance ,Actuarial balance ,İşletme ,Asset-liability ratio ,Social security systems ,Sigortacılık ,Business Administration - Abstract
Çeşitli risklerden dolayı bireyin gelirinde geçici veya sürekli kesilme meydana geldiğinde bu açığı karşılayan sisteme sosyal güvenlik sistemi denilmektedir. Bu sistemin temel amacı ise, bireyi hastalık, iş kazası sonucu malul olma, yaşlılık gibi durumlara karşı korumaktır. Sosyal güvenlik, bireylerin geleceğini güvence altına almak ve yaşam standartlarını arttırmada önemli bir role sahipken aynı zamanda istihdamın arttırılmasında da önemli bir etkendir. Gelişmeyi hedefleyen her ülke, sosyal güvenlik sistemine kayıtlı aktif olarak çalışan sigortalı sayısını arttırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bunun sonucunda ise sosyal güvenlik sisteminin en önemli gelir kaynağı olan prim gelirlerinin arttırılması sağlanacaktır. Sosyal güvenlik sisteminin sürdürülebilirliği açısından aktif – pasif dengesi sistemin karşılaştığı ve karşılaşacağı en büyük problemlerden biri olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sosyal güvenlik sistemine kayıtlı aktif sigortalı, pasif sigortalı ve bunların bakmakla yükümlü oldukları kişiler dahil olmak üzere 1972-2018 yılları arasındaki verileri analiz edilmiştir. Bu verilere dayanarak istatistiksel analiz yöntemlerinden biri olan zaman serileri analizi yöntemi Eviews programı aracılığıyla gelecek on beş yıl için tahminler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, gelecek on beş yılın sosyal güvenlik aktif pasif oranı değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca istihdam, prim tahsilat oranı, kayıt dışı istihdam gibi etkenlerin aktif – pasif oranına olan etkileri incelenerek aktüeryal denge analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre sosyal güvenlik sisteminin aktüeryal dengesindeki problemler irdelenip, asıl meselelerin çözümü göz önünde bulundurulmaya çalışılmıştır. When a temporary or permanent cut in the income of an individual occurs due to various risks, the system that compensates this deficit is called the social security system. The main purpose of this system is to protect the individual against the situations such as illnesses, work disability and old age. While social security plays an important role in securing the future of individuals and increasing living standards, it is also an important factor in increasing employment. Each country aiming to improve targets to increase the number of active insured persons registered in the social security system. As a result, the premium income, which is the most important source of income of the social security system, will be increased. In terms of sustainability of the social security system, the asset - liability balance is one of the biggest problems faced and will be faced by the system.In this study, data between 1972-2018 including active insured, passive insured and their dependents registered in social security system were analyzed. Based on these data, time series analysis method, which is one of the statistical analysis methods, is estimated through the Eviews program for the next fifteen years. According to the results, the ratio of social security assets and liabilities for the next fifteen years was evaluated. In addition, actuarial balance was analyzed by examining the effects of factors such as employment, premium collection rate and informal employment on asset - liability ratio. According to the results, the problems in the actuarial balance of the social security system were examined and the solution of the real issues was tried to be considered. 120
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- 2020
36. Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment
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Gruber, Jonathan, editor and Wise, David A., editor
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- 2010
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37. Les solidarités intergénérationnelles dans une perspective des parcours de vie Le cas des immigrants portugais du Luxembourg.
- Author
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FLEURY, CHARLES
- Abstract
Copyright of Sociologie & Sociétés is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The South African disability grant: Influence on HIV treatment outcomes and household well-being in KwaZulu-Natal.
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Knight, Lucia, Hosegood, Victoria, and Timæus, IanM
- Subjects
- *
SOCIOLOGY of disability , *HIV infections , *THERAPEUTICS , *WELL-being , *SOCIAL services , *QUALITATIVE research - Abstract
This paper explores the implications of the disability grant for household members' well-being and adults' success on ART (antiretroviral therapy). It uses case studies based on data from an in-depth qualitative study of 10 households in KwaZulu-Natal. Receipt of the disability grant ensured that the basic needs of the HIV-infected adult could be met by other household members, especially when the grant was received when the person first met the qualifying criteria and in conjunction with ART. Where treatment was effective, HIV-infected adults were able to make substantial contributions to the well-being of other members in addition to the financial support provided by the grant itself. Thus, early access to financial support in conjunction with commencing ART may lead to improved health outcomes and reduce poverty and vulnerability associated with illness in poor households. This synergistic relationship between social welfare and treatment may in turn contribute to greater cost-efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2013
- Full Text
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39. Poverty, HIV/AIDS and the old age pension in Bhambayi, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa.
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Raniga, Tanusha and Simpson, Barbara
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- *
POVERTY , *HIV , *AIDS , *OLD age pensions , *SOCIAL security - Abstract
To date the international community has tended to direct HIV prevention programmes, treatment, care and supportive services to young adults and children, with little concern about the impact on older people. Since empirical evidence on the socioeconomic impact of HIV/AIDS on households with older persons is lacking, this paper attempts to fill this gap, using data from a household-based survey conducted in Bhambayi, a mixed formal and informal settlement north of eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal. The findings highlight the links between the uptake of the South African old age pension, poverty and HIV/AIDS in households with older persons. The paper makes recommendations for both government and non-governmental organisations in respect of community-based support systems for such households affected by HIV/AIDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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40. Accounting for the Benefits of Social Security and the Role of Business: Four Ideal Types and Their Different Heuristics.
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Waldkirch, Rüdiger, Meyer, Matthias, and Homann, Karl
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SOCIAL security ,ECONOMIC security ,BUSINESS ethics ,SOCIAL responsibility of business ,SOCIOLOGY of corporations - Abstract
Germany is considered to be a pioneer of social security systems; nonetheless, globalization and demographic changes have put enormous pressure on them. A solution is not yet in sight as the debate on the future of the German social security systems still lacks consensus. We argue that ideas matter and that the debate can benefit from a deeper reflection on the concept of social security. This objective is pursued along two lines. First, we take a historical perspective and reconstruct the development of Germany’s social security systems. Second, we scrutinize from a theoretical perspective how social security is conceptualized in public and theoretical debates. Behind the various positions, we identify four basic ideal types. We then analyze how these ideal types account for the benefits of social security systems and what role they assign to corporations in providing social security. While two ultimately reinforce potential conflicts between different groups in society, the other two ideal types reveal possible benefits for all. The last ideal type actually conceptualizes social security systems as insurance that fosters risky but overall productive investments in human and other forms of capital. Therefore, it can be shown that social security systems are not necessarily threatened by globalization and that incentives exist for corporations to invest in the provision of social security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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- View/download PDF
41. ECJ Rulings on Health Care Services and Their Effects on the Freedom of Cross-Border Patient Mobility in the EU.
- Author
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Sieveking, Klaus
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL care , *PATIENTS , *HEALTH care networks , *SOCIAL & economic rights , *SOLIDARITY , *HUMAN territoriality - Abstract
Patient mobility and cross-border medical care are significant issues of the actual discussion about the future development of the health care systems of the Member States of the European Union. New rights for patients were defined by the European Court of Justice in its sequence of judgements (e. g. Kohll, Müller-Fauré, Watts) referring to Regulation (EEC) 1408/71 on the social security of migrant workers. The Court's rulings also provoked considerable effects in national governments, insurance institutions, care providers and medical professionals. In its communication of April 2005 the European Commission proposed a new health and consumer protection strategy, of which the scope of facilitating utilisation of cross-border health care is a striking aspect. Discussions are based on the existence of two categories of health care systems within the EU: social insurance systems and national health systems both varying in organisation, financing and benefits. As regards individual rights before going abroad the patients in certain cases have to be aware of the need of prior authorisation by the competent authority. In terms of the Court's reasoning the question will be how the freedom to choose one's doctor and hospital can be realised without endangering the system's financial balance and what restrictions are necessary to provide a balanced medical and hospital service accessible to all, which is indispensable for the maintenance of an essential treatment facility or medical service on national territory. The Court's most important rulings on these issues are introduced. In the light of these rulings and the increasing mobility of patients, especially retired persons, the paper reflects financial and institutional effects on the national health care systems within the EU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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42. The determinants of male retirement in urban Brazil.
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Queiroz, Bernardo Lanza
- Subjects
RETIREMENT ,SOCIAL security ,EARLY retirement ,MANDATORY retirement ,AGE & employment ,LABOR market - Abstract
The article attempts to show the factors that affect male retirement in Brazil. It explains that age, education and accessibility to early retirement programs are the common factors affecting retirement. The author used the Pesquisa Mensal de Emprego (PME), a survey of employment trends done in a monthly basis, as the primary data for this study. It shows that retirement increases with age but in the formal sector of the labor force, retirement probabilities are in varied ages.
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- 2007
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43. Bireysel emeklilik sistemine katılım kararını etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi: Erzurum ili örneği
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Alpağut, Hakan, İpekten, Osman Berna, and İşletme Anabilim Dalı
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Social security ,Insurance ,İşletme ,Private pension ,Social security systems ,State contribution ,Government backing ,Sigortacılık ,Business Administration ,Individual retirement ,Erzurum - Abstract
Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi, 2003 yılında faaliyete geçmiş ve katılımcılarına emeklilik dönemlerinde ek bir gelir sağlamayı vadetmektedir. 2017 yılında uygulamaya başlayan ve bireysel emekliliğe katılımı artırmayı amaçlayan Otomatik Katılım Sistemi ile 45 yaşın altında olup bir kişi veya kuruma bağlı çalışan kişileri kapsamaktadır. Her iki uygulama da isteğe bağlı olup, katılımcılara %25 devlet desteği sağlanmaktadır.Erzurum ili, tarihi geçmişi ve coğrafi konumu nedeniyle tarihin çeşitli dönemlerinde olduğu gibi bugün de Anadolu'nun gözde şehirlerinden biridir. Bu nedenle yaşadığımız şehre vefa borcunu ödemek maksadıyla çalışmanın merkezi Erzurum olarak seçilmiştir. Erzurum'da yaşayan ve 25-54 yaş aralığında bulunan kişileri kapsayan çalışma, Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemine katılım durumunu etkileyen faktörleri incelemektedir. Bu bağlamda yapılan çalışmada Erzurum ilinde yaşayan ve belirtilen yaş aralığında olan kişilerin %81,46'sı sistemden haberdardır. Bu kişiler içerisinde sisteme katılım oranı %42,95 iken, katılıp ayrılanların oranı %26,6 ve sisteme hiç katılmayanların oranı %30,45'tir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyal Güvenlik Sistemi, Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi, Devlet Desteği, Otomatik Katılım Sistemi, Sigorta, Erzurum The Individual Pension System was launched in 2003 and offers its participants an additional income during retirement. With the Automatic Participation System, which started to be implemented in 2017 and aims to increase participation in individual pension, it covers people who are under 45 and working under a person or institution. Both applications are optional and 25% government support is provided to the participants.Erzurum, due to its historical background and geographical location, is one of the favorite cities of Anatolia today as it is in various periods of history. For this reason, the center of the study was selected as Erzurum to pay the loyalty to the city we live in. The study, which covers people aged between 25 and 54 who are living in Erzurum, examines the factors affecting the status of participation in the Private Pension System. In this study, 81.46% of the people living in the province of Erzurum and mentioned in the mentioned age range are aware of the system. Among those, the rate of participation in the system is 42,95%, while the rate of those who leave is 26,6% and the rate of those who do not participate in the system is 30,45%.Key Words: Social Security System, Individual Pension System, Government Support, Automatic Participation System, Insurance, Erzurum 213
- Published
- 2019
44. Bireysel emeklilik sistemi katılımcılarının finansal risk toleranslarını etkileyen faktörler: Mersin Üniversitesi personeli üzerine bir uygulama
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Deger, Makbule Nazli, Turaboğlu, Tuncay Turan, and İşletme Anabilim Dalı
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Risk ,Insurance ,Retirement ,İşletme ,University personnel ,Mersin ,Risk tolerance ,Social security systems ,Financial risk ,Pension system ,Sigortacılık ,Business Administration ,Individual retirement - Abstract
Bireysel emeklilik sistemi geleneksel sosyal güvenlik sistemlerinin tamamlayıcısı olmakla beraber, bireyler açısından tasarruf ve yatırım davranışlarını şekillendirici bir fonksiyon üstlenmektedir. Bireysel emeklilik fonlarında portföy dağılımları ise, katılımcıların getiri beklentileri ve riske karşı tutumları ile şekillenmektedir. Bu noktada kişilerin ne kadar getiri için ne kadar risk üstlenebileceği kilit önem taşımaktadır. Üstlenilen risk düzeyi ve dolayısıyla elde edilebilecek getiri miktarı kişilerinin risk alma istekliliği olarak tanımlanabilecek risk toleransı kavramıyla doğrudan ilişki içerisindedir. Söz konusu çalışmanın amacı ise, kişilerin risk toleranslarını etkileyen kişisel unsurların belirlenmesidir. Geçmiş çalışmalarda yatırımcıların risk toleransı ölçümleri yatırımcıların sahip oldukları portföy yapıları incelenerek portföydeki riskli varlıkların toplam varlıklara oranı alınarak risk toleransları belirlenmiş veya risk kavramını nasıl anlamlandırdıkları saptanarak riske karşı yaklaşımları ve risk alma isteklilikleri varsayımsal senaryolardan müteşekkil anketlerle çözümlenmeye çalışılmış, yatırımcıların risk toleransları bu iki temel yöntemle belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise, Mersin Üniversitesinde akademik ve idari personel olarak görev yapan 313 kişiye anket uygulanmış, Grable'in 1999 yılında geliştirdiği risk toleransı belirleme anketinin 13 soruluk sadeleştirilmiş formatından faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen risk toleransı skorları ise, katılımcıların demografik verileriyle ilişkilendirilmiş, iki parametre arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olup olmadığı araştırılırken literatürde benzer birçok çalışmada da uygulandığı üzere Multinominal Lojistik Regresyon Analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Katılımcıların cinsiyeti ve katılımcının eşinin ev içi gelire katkı yapması, Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemine Otomatik katılım sistemiyle dahil olması, birden fazla bireysel emeklilik sözleşmesi sahibi olması, katılımcıların oturdukları meskenin aitlik durumu, hane içinde bakımıyla sorumlu olunan çocuk sayısı ve çocuk sahibi olma/olmama durumu risk toleransına etkisi gözlemlenen faktörlerdir. Çalışma doğrultusunda, kişinin medeni durumu, eğitim düzeyi, yaşı, bireysel emeklilik sistemi katılımcısı olup olmaması, sistemde geçirdiği yıl sayısı, bireysel emeklilik sistemine gönüllü katılım durumu, otomatik katılım sistemiyle dahil olunduktan sonra cayma hakkı kullanımı bireylerin risk toleransı üzerinde anlamlı etkileri bulgulanamamış faktörlerdir. Individual Pension System is an important function as shaping saving and investment behaviours for invidiuals in addition to being supplementary of traditional social security systems. The portfolio structures in individual pension system depends on participant's return expectations and attitudes towards risk. At that point it's important to know how much risk indivuduals would take for the rate of return they want. The risk level indivudials would take on and thereby the rate of return they would obtain is directly in relationship with the financial risk tolerance which can be simply defined as the `willingness and bearing to take financial risks of a person`. The aim of present study is to determine personel factors and demographic variables effecting indivuduals' financial risk tolerances. In previous studies, rate of risky assets in investors' portfolios was considered or was conducted a questionnarie composed of some hypothetical scenarios to comprehend investors' attiudes towards risk and tendencies to take risk. In this study, a simplified form of Grable's 13 questioned risk tolerance survey which has developed in 1999, was conducted on 313 Mersin University staff worked as administrative and academic personnel. To examine the significant relationship between total financial risk score results and demographic factors or other indivudual determinants, multinominal logistic regression was used for as it used in similar previous studies in literature. Analysing the relationship between these two parameters, participants' gender, home ownership, having more than one individual pension contract and having children or a financially dependant person was found to be related to indivudual's risk tolerance. It was found that individuals' risk tolerance is higher if spouse works and makes an economic contribution for household income. In accordance with this study, a person's education, marital status, age, to be a participant in private pension system, the number of year staying in individual pension system, voluntary participation in pension system or using right of withdrawal is irrelevant to indivuals' financial risk tolerance scores. 155
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- 2019
45. Makroekonomik değişkenlerin bireysel emeklilik sistemi üzerine etkileri: Türkiye örneği
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Yeşilyurt, Hilal, Uçan, Okyay, and İktisat Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Social security ,Retirement ,Turkey ,Economics ,Individual Pension ,Var Analysis ,Var Analizi ,Social Security ,Sigortacılık ,Macroeconomic variables ,Insurance ,ARDL ,İşletme ,Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds Test ,Sosyal Güvenlik ,Ekonomi ,Macroeconomy ,Social security systems ,Bireysel Emeklilik ,Pension system ,Social security insurances ,Business Administration ,Individual retirement - Abstract
Sosyal güvenlik sisteminin tamamlayıcısı olan bireysel emeklilik sistemi, son yıllarda dünyada birçok gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Sistem sosyal güvenlik sorunlarının giderilmesi amacıyla doğmuş olsa da uygulamada ülke ekonomilerini makro düzeyde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, temel ekonomik göstergeler ile bireysel emeklilik sistemi verileri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Bu doğrultuda, bireysel emeklilik sistemi değişkenlerinden sözleşme sayısı ve toplam yatırım tutarı, makroekonomik değişkenlerden ise büyüme, döviz kuru, işsizlik, cari açık, mevduat faizi ve yatırım verileri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de 2004Q1-2016Q4 dönemine ilişkin üçer aylık verilerin kullanıldığı temel makroekonomik değişkenler ile bireysel emeklilik sistemi değişkenleri arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığı ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar Türkiye'de makroekonomik değişkenler ile bireysel emeklilik sistemi değişkenleri arasında eşbütünleşmenin varlığına dair bulgular ortaya koymaktadır. Uzun dönemde sözleşme sayısı ile mevduat faizi arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan yapılan kısa dönem var analizi sonuçlarına göre tüm değişkenler için, Granger nedensellik testinde yatırımdan cari açığa, yatırımdan işsizliğe, büyümeden cari açığa ve büyümeden işssizliğe tek yönlü nedensellik olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyal Güvenlik, Bireysel Emeklilik, ARDL, Var Analizi, The individual pension system, which is a supplement to the social security system, has been implemented in many developed and developing countries in the world in recent years. Although the system was born for the purpose of eliminating social security problems, it has been determined that the economy affects the national economies at macro level. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is a significant relationship between basic economic indicators and individual pension system data. In this context, the relationship between the number of contracts and total investment amout of the individual pension system variables and the growth, exchange rate, unemployment, current account deficit, deposit interest and investment data from macroeconomic variables were examined. In this study, the existence of long-term connection between variables of individual pension system and macroeconomic variables that are used quarterly data for the period of 2004Q1-2016Q4 in Turkey was analyzed with the approach of ARDL boundary test. The results obtained reveals the existence of cointegration mania between macroeconomic variables and variables of individual pension system in Turkey. In the long-term, a positive relationship was found between the number of contracts and deposit rates. On the other hand, according to the results of the short-term Var analysis, in the Granger causality test, it was found that there was a one-way causality from investment to current account deficit, from investment to unemployment, from growth to current account deficit and from growth to unemployment. Key Words: Social Security, Individual Pension, ARDL, Var Analysis
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- 2019
46. Değişen sosyal güvenlik sistemi ve sağlıkta dönüşüm programı üzerine bir değerlendirme: Ardahan örneği
- Author
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Eligüzel, Can, Ruben, Ester, and Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Anabilim Dalı
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Social security ,Ardahan ,Siyasal Bilimler ,Public Administration ,Political Science ,Welfare economy ,Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi ,Health Care Management ,Social policy ,Transformation ,Kamu Yönetimi ,Qualitative research ,Health Transformation Program ,Social security systems ,Neo-liberalism ,Welfare state - Abstract
2000'lerin başından itibaren Türkiye'nin refah rejiminde ve sağlık hizmeti politikalarında önemli bir değişim başlamıştır. 2003 yılında ilan edilen Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı'nın rehberliğinde, sağlık hizmetlerine erişim artmış, hizmetlerde kapsam genişlemiş ve kişilerin istihdamdaki konumuna dayanan statü eşitsizlikler ortadan kaldırılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, Dünya Bankası'nın refah yönetişimi politikalarının bir ayağı olarak düşünülebilecek küresel sağlık reformlarının, Türkiye'deki yansıması olan SDP'nin, sağlık sistemine etkisini incelemek ve yaşanan değişimin toplumsal yansımalarını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma, Ardahan'da gerçekleştirilen niteliksel bir saha araştırmasına dayanmaktadır. Bu saha araştırması kapsamında, farklı gelir gruplarından sağlık hizmeti kullanıcılarıyla, yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler ve odak grup görüşmeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir ve elde edilen bulgular sağlık sisteminin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın konusu, dönüşen refah sistemi ve sağlık politikaları olduğundan, öncelikle sosyal politika, sosyal güvenlik ve refah devleti gibi kavramlar incelenmiş; ardından refah rejimi tipleri ve sağlık sistemlerinin sınıflandırılması üzeride durulmuştur. Ayrıca, küresel gelişmelerin ulusal sosyal politikalara etkisini göz önünde bulundurularak, Keynesyen sosyal refah devleti ve onu takip eden neoliberal dönemde, sağlık hizmet alanının nasıl şekillendiği değerlendirilmiştir. Takip eden bölümde Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca sağlık hizmet alanında yaşanan gelişmeler ve bu gelişmeleri belirleyen politika tercihleri üzerinde durularak tarihsel bir arka plan kurulduktan sonra; saha çalışmasından elde edilen bulgulara dayalı sağlık sistemi değerlendirmesine geçilmiştir.Yapılan saha çalışması ile, ülkenin ekonomik ve idare merkezlerine uzak bir ilde, sağlık hizmetlerinde dönüşüm sonrasında yaşanan olumlu gelişmeler ve ortaya çıkan yeni eşitsizliklerle ilgili bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, SDP ile statülere dayalı eşitsizliklerin ortadan kalktığı fakat gelire dayalı eşitsizliklerin oluştuğuna dair düşüncelerin doğrulandığı gözlenmiştir. Türkiye'de nitelikli sağlık hizmetine ulaşmanın sahip olunan gelirin bir fonksiyonu haline geldiği görülmüştür. Since the beginning of 2000s, there have been significant changes in Turkey's welfare regime and policies of health services. Following the Health Transformation Program (SDP) launched in 2003, access to health services increased, the scope of services expanded and inequalities based on people's employment status were eliminated. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the SDP, which can be considered as a reflection of global health reforms in Turkey as a pillar of World Bank's welfare governance policies, to the health system and to reveal the social reflections of the transformation. The study is based on the qualitative field research conducted in Ardahan. Within the extent of field research, semi-structered, in-depth interviews and focused group interviews were held with the users of health services belonging to different income groups. Considering the transforming welfare system and the health policies as the main theme of the study, the subjects such as social policy, social security and welfare state are discussed as an introduction. Later, the types of welfare regime and the classification of health systems are explained. Moreover, how the area of health services was shaped during the Keynesian welfare state period followed by the neoliberal era was presented, considering the impact of the global policies on national social programmes. Afterwards, as an historical background, the developments in the field of health services throughout the Republican history and the policy choices that determine these developments are emphasised. Last but not the least, as an outcome of the field work, it was observed that, after the transformation in health services, positive developments and new inequalities were created in such a province far away from the economic and administrative center of the country. In conclusion, along with the SDP, it was observed that the inequalities based on status were eliminated, yet that new inequalities based on the income were created. In this sense, it was understood that, accession to a decent health service in Turkey become pretty much dependent on the level of income of the citizens. 129
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- 2019
47. An analysis of the South African social security system
- Author
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Bezuidenhout, Simoné, Meyer, D.F., Mncayi, N.P., 10513086 - Meyer, Daniel Francois (Supervisor), and 22305939 - Mncayi, Nombulelo Precious (Supervisor)
- Subjects
human upliftment ,social transfers ,poverty ,social security systems ,social security ,Social policy ,income inequality - Abstract
MCom (Economics), North-West University, Vanderbijlpark Campus, 2019 In the ever-changing global market environment, it is crucial for national governments to establish an enabling social economic atmosphere for the upliftment of individuals’ quality of life and well-being. International institutions state that social security has become one of the most important forms of assistance provided by a national government, which is now seen as an overall human right. Economic theory expresses a viewpoint of justice and a theoretical agenda for instituting radical organisations designed to maintain social justice and individual independence. Factors constituting the social security system include the number of social security recipients, the amount spent on social security, the economic environment, the level of human development, the amount of individuals without a job, the amount of individuals within a household, distribution of income and the number of individuals in income poverty. Empirical declarations have presented mixed findings on the subject matter and thus no single empirical consensus has been presented. Meanwhile, international institutions combined with the economic theory argue that potential effects of the aforementioned social factors on an economy’s social security patterns vary according to the orientation of the economy’s condition of need. This study examined the South African social security system, stated in the Republic of South Africa Constitution, Section 27 (1c) as, “every individual has the right to have access to social security, including if they are unable to support themselves and their households, proper social assistance” and requires legislative measures which should be employed by the national government to create awareness of this right in order to alleviate poverty and income inequality as well as to uplift individuals standard of living, included in Section 27 (2). In order to investigate the aforementioned Constitutional statements, the study employed both a descriptive and an econometric analysis on the South African social security system. Throughout the descriptive section, trends and graphs are used to analyse the different social security systems found across the globe and it culminates with an in-depth analysis of the different social security assistance types in South Africa. The econometric analysis ascertains the long-run and short-run relationship between three econometric models, namely the number of individuals in poverty, income inequality (as measured by the GINI coefficient) and human development (as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI)), with the number of social security recipients, the amount spent on social security, the number of individuals without a job, economic activity and the number of individuals within a household from 1996 to 2017. The study also establishes a causal direction between the aforementioned factors. The models employed under the econometric section include the correlation matrix, ARDL bounds test to co-integration and the Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality test. The study made use of a quantitative research methodology and includes time series macro-economic variables from 1996 to 2017. The correlation matrix found that the correlation between poverty and the aforementioned independent variables, indicates that two (social security recipients and the number of individuals within a household) out of the five variables have a positive relationship with the alleviation of poverty; however, these positive relationships are not significant at any significance level. Three (amount spent on social security, economic activity, number of individuals without a job) out of the five variables have a negative relationship with poverty and only social security expenditure and economic activity has a significant impact on poverty at 1 percent significance level. On the other hand, the correlation matrix for human development found that four (number of social security recipients, amount spent on social security, economic activity, unemployment) out of the five independent variables have a positive relationship with HDI and these positive relationships are all statistically significant at 1 and 5 percent significance level, except for the number of social security recipients (not significant) and one (number of individuals within a household) of the five independent variables having a negative relationship with the improvement of HDI and is statistically significant at the 1 percent significance level. The correlation matrix for income inequality found that two (number of social security recipients and the number of individuals within a household) of the five sectors under the study have a positive relationship with income inequality. However, these positive relationships are only statistically significant for the number of social security recipients and three (amount spend on social security, the number of individuals without a job and economic activity) of the five variables have a negative relationship with income inequality where only the number of individuals without a job is not statistically significant. The long-run relationships were insignificant between the number of individuals in poverty, income inequality (GINI) and human development (HDI) with the number of individuals receiving social security benefits, total amount spent on social security, number of individuals within a household, number of individuals without a job and economic activity. The short-run Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality found a unidirectional causal relationship between human development and the number of individuals without a job. This means that human development Granger causes unemployment but not the other way around. There is also a causal relationship between HDI and all the independent variables combined, at 5 percent significance level. A unidirectional causality exists between the number of social security recipients and the number of individuals in poverty. This means that the total number of social grant recipients Granger causes poverty but not the other way around. There is also a causal relationship between the number of social security recipients and all the independent variables combined, at 5 percent significance level. A unidirectional causal relationship exists between the number of individuals in poverty and the number of individuals without a job. This means that poverty Granger causes unemployment but not the other way around. Furthermore, there is a causal relationship between the number of individuals in poverty and all the independent variables combined, at 1 percent significance level. A unidirectional causal relationship exists between the income inequality and the human development. This means that income inequality Granger causes HDI but not the other way around. Furthermore, there is evidence of a unidirectional relationship between income inequality and economic activity, indicating income inequality Granger causes GDP but not the other way around. Lastly, there is evidence of a unidirectional relationship between income inequality and the number of individuals within a household, indicating income inequality Granger causes household size but not the other way around. There is also a causal relationship between income inequality and all the independent variables combined, at 1 percent significance level. No causal relationship exists between the number of individuals within a household and all the independent variables combined. Whereas, there is evidence of a causal relationship between the amount spent on social security systems and all the independent variables combined, at 5 percent significance level. There is also evidence that a causal relationship exists between economic activity and all the independent variables combined, at 1 percent significance level, however, not individually. A unidirectional causality exists between the number individuals without a job and the amount spent on social security. This means that unemployment Granger causes social security expenditure but not the other way around. There is also a causal relationship between the number of individuals without a job and all the independent variables combined, at 1 percent significance level. Masters
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- 2019
48. Türkiye'de sosyal güvenlik sisteminde yeniden yapılanma: Hedefler ve sonuçları
- Author
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Sofuoğlu, Kübra, Günaydın, Davuthan, and Çalışma İktisadı Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Social security ,Restructuring ,Kamu Yönetimi ,Public Administration ,İşletme ,Reform ,Social security institutions ,Social insurances ,Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri ,Labour Economics and Industrial Relations ,Social security systems ,Pension system ,Business Administration - Abstract
Ülkemizde uygulanan sosyal güvenlik sisteminin gerek yapısı gerekse sorunları 1990'lı yılların sonlarına doğru tartışma konusu olmuş ve hala günümüzde yaygın bir şekilde eleştirilmektedir. Sosyal güvenlik sistemi SSK, Bağ-Kur ve Emekli Sandığı olmak üzere üç kurum tarafından yürütülmekteydi. Ancak sosyal güvenlik kuruluşlarında giderek artan açıkların yaşanması sebebiyle sisteme getirilen eleştirilerin daha da şiddetlenmesine neden olmaktaydı. Yaşanan açıklar sonunda ekonomik istikrarsızlıkların oluşması ve buna bağlı olarak yoksulluğun artması sistemin yetersizliğini ortaya koymaktaydı. Sosyal güvenlik sisteminde reform yönündeki çalışmaların hızlanmasını sağlamıştır. Sistemin etkinliğini artıracak olan reformun ayrım gözetmeksizin tüm vatandaşlarımıza eşit şartlarda ve kaliteli güvence sağlama olanağı yaratılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bundan hareketle çeşitli reform aşamalarından sonra, tek bir sosyal güvenlik kuruluşu öngörülerek bahsedilen üç kurumun tek çatı altında birleşmesi amacıyla 5502 sayılı Kanun yürürlüğe koyulmuştur. Bu çalışmada sosyal güvenlik sisteminin sorunları esas alınarak bu sorunlara çözüm getirmek hedefi ile uygulamaya konulan 5502 sayılı Kanunun günümüzdeki durumu değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. The structure and problems of the social security system implemented in our country have been the subject of debate in the late 1990s and are widely criticized today too. Social security system was carried out by three institutions ; SSK, Bag-Kur and Emekli Sandigi . However, the growing deficits in the social security institutions caused the criticism to be exacerbated. As a result of the deficits , economic instabilities and consequently the increase of the poverty, revealed the inadequacy of the system. These reasons have accelerated the reform studies of the social security system. It was tried to create the opportunity of providing equal and high quality assurance to all citizens without any discrimination, which will increase the efficiency of the system. Thus, following the various stages of reform, Law No. 5502 was enacted in order to unite the three institutions under one roof by foreseeing a single social security institution. In this study, the current situation of Law No. 5502 which is implemented with the aim of solving these problems based on the problems of social security system has been tried to be evaluated. 108
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- 2019
49. Development and adequacy of social security system in terms of old age grants
- Author
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Bakhshaliyeva, Gunel, Yener, Mehmet Deniz, and Sigortacılık Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Social security ,Old age insurance ,Turkey ,Old age ,Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri ,Sosyal güvenlikten yararlananlar ,Yaşlılık aylıkları ,Sigortacılık ,Türkiye ,Insurance ,Pensions ,Old age pensions ,Retirement income ,Social security beneficiaries ,Emeklilik geliri ,Social insurances ,Labour Economics and Industrial Relations ,Social security systems ,Social insurances system ,Sufficiency - Abstract
Yaşlılık; bireyin hayatının son döneminde karşılaştığı, çalışma gücünü kaybettiği, gelir azalmasına neden olan ve özellikle sağlık harcamalarının artışı yüzünden gider çoğalmasına yol açan sosyal bir risk olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Türkiye, sosyal güvenlik sistemi ile bu riskin meydana getirebileceği maddi giderleri karşılamak amacıyla yaşlılık sigortası adı altında bir güvenceyi sigortalı çalışanlara tanımaktadır. Ancak, sosyal güvenlik ödemelerinin önemli bir kısmını oluşturan yaşlılık aylığının, hangi yaştan itibaren ödenmesi gerektiği tartışma konusu olmuş ve yaş sınırlarında önemli değişiklikler yapılmıştır. Bu değişikliklerin temelinde mali sıkıntıya giren sosyal güvenlik sisteminin sürdürebilirliğini sağlamak bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’de de yaş sınırları yükseltilmiş, yaşlılık aylığı hesaplama yöntemleri ve aylık bağlama oranları düşürülmüş ayrıca prim oranları yükseltilerek sosyal güvenlik sistemindeki sıkıntılar çözülmeye çalışılmıştır.Yaşlılık sigortasının ana unsuru, sigortalılara, gelirlerinin azaldığı ve giderlerinin arttığı yaşlılık döneminde yaşamlarını idame ettirebilecek şekilde bir maaş temin edebilmektir. Yaşlılık aylığına hak kazanabilmek, belirli bir sigortalılık süresi içerisinde belirli miktarda prim ödemek ve belirli bir yaşa gelmiş olmak koşullarına bağlıdır. Bu bağlamda çalışmamızda yaşlılık sigortası incelenecek ve yaşlılık sigortasından faydalanmak için gerekli olan koşulların sağlanması halinde faydalanılacak hakların yeterliliği değerlendirilecektir.--------------------Old age is defined as a social risk that the individual faced in the last period of his / her life, lost his / her working power, caused a decrease in income and led to a multiplication of expenses due to the increase of health expenditures.Turkey provides an assurence to the insured employed under the name of old age appropriation in order to cover financial expenses that can be arised from this risk and social security system. However, the old age pension, which constitutes an important part of the social security payments, has been a matter of debate as of which age it should be paid and significant changes have been made in the age limits. The basis of these changes is to ensure the sustainability of the social security system that is in financial trouble. Age limits have been raised in Turkey too, the methods of calculation the old age pension and income replacement rates have been reduced also the problems in the social security system were tried to be solved by increasing the premium rates.The main element of the old age insurance is to provide a salary to the insureds in such a way that they can maintain their lives during their old age when their income is reduced and their expenses increase. To be entitled to an old age pension depends on the conditions to pay a certain amount of premiums within a certain insurance period and to be of a certain age. In this context, the old age insurance will be examined in our study and the adequacy of the rights to be utilized if the necessary conditions to benefit from the old age insurance are provided.
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- 2019
50. Feminist Sosyal Politikanın Eleştirileri Bağlamında Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sosyal Güvenlik Sisteminde Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Görünümü
- Author
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Ceylan, Şerife, Cankurtaran, Özlem, Sosyoloji, and Sosyoloji Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Social security ,Toplumsal cinsiyet ,Public Administration ,Social security institutions ,Feminizm ,Feminist ethic ,Gender ,Refah Devleti, Feminizm, Sosyal Politika, Sosyal Güvenlik, Kadın, Toplumsal Cinsiyet ,Feminism ,Feminist economy ,Social policy ,Kamu Yönetimi ,Sosyal politika ,Sosyal güvenlik ,Konu Başlıkları Listesi::Sosyal bilimler::Sosyoloji ,Sociology ,Refah devleti ,Social security systems ,Sosyoloji ,Kadın - Abstract
Feminist teori ortaya çıkışından bugüne bilimin eril olduğu iddiasından hareketle tüm düşünce alanlarına eleştirel biçimde yaklaşarak dönüştürmeye çalışmaktadır. Uzun yıllardır devlet politikalarının bir parçası olan ve 1929 Ekonomik Buhranı sonrası tüm devletlerin benimsediği müdahaleci refah uygulamaları da toplumsal cinsiyet bakış açısı ile feministler tarafından eleştiriye tabi tutulmuştur. Bu çalışma, feminist birikimin sosyal politikaya yönelttiği eleştirileri ana başlıklar halinde derlemektedir. Bir araya getirilen bu eleştiriler ışığında sosyal politika alanının toplumsal cinsiyet ile ilişkili sorunlarının, Türkiye' de, alanın en önemli araçlarından olan sosyal güvenlik sistemine nasıl yansıdığının görülmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla, yapılan reform sonrası uygulamaya konan ve yürürlükte olan mevzuat (5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu ve ilgili alt mevzuatı) ile reformun yürürlüğe girişinden önce sigortalı olanların tabi olduğu mülga kanunların hükümleri (5434, 506, 1479, 2925 ve 2926 sayılı Kanunlar) ve ülkenin sosyal güvenlik sisteminin yürütücüsü konumunda bulunan Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu'nun çeşitli uygulamaları, toplumsal cinsiyet bakış açısı ile incelenmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler Refah Devleti, Feminizm, Sosyal Politika, Sosyal Güvenlik, Kadın, Toplumsal Cinsiyet From the emergence to the present day, feminist theory tries to transform it into a critical approach to all fields of thought based on the claim that science is masculine. The interventionist welfare practices adopted by all states after the economic crisis of 1929, which have been part of state policies for many years, have been criticized by feminists from the perspective of gender. This study brings together the critics of feminist accumulation towards social policy as main topics. In the light of these criticisms, it is aimed to see how social policy issues related to gender are reflected in the Social Security System, which is one of the most important tools of the field in the Republic of Turkey. For this purpose, the legislation that was put into effect after the reformand and that is in force now (Law No. 5510 on Social Insurance and General Health Insurance and related sub-legislation) and provisions of the old laws applied before the reform (Laws 5434, 506, 1479, 2925 and 2926) and various practices of the Social Security Institution, which is the executive director of the social security system of the country, are examined from a gender perspective.KeywordsWelfare State , Feminism , Social Politics , Social Security ,Women , Gender 188
- Published
- 2019
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