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Background: Social inclusion of persons with disabilities thrives in societies with reduced cultural beliefs and practices that promote exclusion based on disabilities. Persons with disabilities face several barriers such as inadequate access to basic needs, inaccessible and non-accommodating environments, and attitudinal barriers. In some cultures, disability is perceived as a form of curse or cultural punishment and those living with disabilities seen as outcasts and a burden to the society. These perceptions and attitudes may limit their full participation in the society and have implications for their livelihood and survival. The aim of this case study is to describe the model of care of a community-based organization in Kenya to improve lives and livelihoods of young persons with intellectual disability. Methods: Using a qualitative case study approach, we explored the experience of education and livelihoods for young persons who are beneficiaries of Tuleane Afrika Initiative, a community-based organisation in Nairobi, Kenya. Results: We found that in a supportive and inclusive environment young people with intellectual disability can live and thrive successfully in the community. Socio-economic factors, poor perception of intellectual disability by the society and poor cognitive functioning are the key barriers to success for young persons with intellectual disability. Conclusion: Social inclusion of young people with intellectual disabilities requires active participation of all stakeholders. It is vital that government, policy makers and society show greater commitment and support for programs that promote wellbeing and livelihoods for young persons with intellectual disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article begins with briefly sketching the concept of life admin and setting out the understanding of disability that informs the U.S. Americans with Disabilities Act. Topics include special burdens that admin places on people with disabilities and uses this argument to refine the social model of disability and clarify its implications; analysis of reasonable accommodation under Title I; and caring under the Family Medical Leave Act.

The article offers information on Indigenous Persons with Disabilities Global Network. Topics discussed include the impact of the COVID-19 virus on health and well-being of Indigenous Peoples with disabilities; greater inequalities faced by Indigenous people with disabilities during the pandemic due to inaccessible health information; and the increasing rates of violence and risk during COVID -19.

Objective: To examine the association of family structure, family‐level employment, and receipt of adult public disability benefits on poverty levels among working‐age persons with disabilities in the United States. Background: Working‐age persons with disabilities are more likely than their counterparts without disabilities to live in poverty. However, prior research has not fully examined differences in poverty that control for family structure, family‐level employment, receipt of adult public disability benefits, and other family‐level characteristics. Method: Couched within a conceptual model of family resilience, data from the 2016 Current Population Survey (N = 110,865) were used to estimate binary logistic regression models predicting the likelihood of living in poverty, controlling for family structure, family‐level employment, receipt of adult public disability benefits, and other family‐level characteristics. Results: Married or cohabiting households that include an adult with a disability had equal odds of living in poverty as married or cohabiting households without an adult with a disability. However, in single‐adult households, the risk of living in poverty was higher among those households where the adult had a disability than among those who did not. Employment and receipt of public disability benefits moderated the risk of living in poverty for persons with disabilities, particularly for single‐headed households. Conclusion: Family structure, family‐level employment, and receipt of public disability benefits are associated with the risk of living in poverty among adults with disabilities in the United States. In short, the public disability benefit system in the United States can reduce but not totally alleviate the risks of poverty for working‐age adults with disabilities. Implications: Continued investment into furthering the employment of adults with disabilities, while protecting the availability of public disability benefits can reduce the risks of poverty for Americans with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this special issue, we define ableism as stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination, and social oppression toward people with disabilities—the largest minority group in the United States. People with disabilities are broadly defined as those who have conditions that are commonly perceived to be disabilities by the general public, including physical, sensory, and intellectual disabilities, in addition to invisible disabilities, chronic health conditions, psychiatric conditions, and others. Foundational work on language, stigma, models of disability, and social and rehabilitation psychology is reviewed. The issue has three areas of focus: social and individual‐level predictors of ableism, experiences and consequences of ableism, and navigating and resisting ableism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disabled people experience ableism in many forms from the seemingly benevolent to the blatantly hostile, and more ambivalent or mixed forms (e.g., paternalistic/condescending and jealous/envy). Rooted in historic and contemporary frameworks, this study explores the experiences of an international sample of disabled people (N = 185) using six open‐ended questions to assess some of the manifestations of ableism documented in the literature. We found that experiences with paternalistic forms of ableism were among the most pervasive followed by inspirational, hostile, envious, and dehumanizing forms while fears of becoming disabled or "catching" disability were less commonly reported. Furthermore, some forms of ableism (e.g., infantilization, unwanted help, and invasions of privacy) were more common among those with visible impairments whereas invalidation and accusations of fraud were more common among those with less apparent conditions. Implications for policies related to hate crimes, health care, and media representations are discussed along with directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many disabled people experience fear, harassment and occasionally violence in an array of public and private spaces, yet the issue remains unexamined by geographers of disability. To address this research gap, the paper develops a critical geography of disability "hate crime." Extreme, yet rare, violent acts against disabled people constitute the popular and policy imagination of disability hate crime. While clearly important, these cases characterise disability hate crime as individually‐targeted placeless acts of extreme abjection against disabled people. At the same time, they arguably draw attention away from everyday "low‐level" harassment, name‐calling, fear, and neglect experienced by many in mainstream spaces and the impact on senses of social inclusion and belonging. Citing "race"‐related hate crime studies, which have recognised the role of social and physical environments in shaping incidence, the paper seeks to shift research and, in turn, policy on disability hate crime towards the local and micro‐scale spaces and moments within which incidents occur, and the social relations that constitute these acts, in the context of an exclusionary disablist society. The paper is organised in two parts: first, evidence of harassment and violence experienced by disabled people (UK‐focused) is examined and the emergence of disability "hate crime" critiqued; second, a critical geography of disability hate crime is developed, applying insights from hate crime studies and relational geographies of disability. The paper concludes by setting out an agenda for Geography's potential contribution to disability and wider hate crime research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Support for people with disabilities is a constitutional obligation imposed on the state. The problem of disability is noticed not only at the state level, but also at the international level. This is evidenced by documents adopted by the international community regarding the rights of people with disabilities. The interest of the international community in the problems of people with disabilities has led to the creation of special mechanisms for financing the support of this social group. In Poland, funds from the European Union go to a special part of the budget - budgets of European funds. The article is devoted to the general characteristics of the budget of European funds, with particular reference to the rules of spending money. The article also discusses the financial instruments for supporting people with disabilities financed from the European budget. The revenue of the European funds are European funds. It is worth noticing that the catalogue of European funds does not involve all funds from EU budget as well as funds received as part of the aid granted by the Member States of the European Free Trade Association. However, the expenditure of European funds is the expenditure on the implementation of programmes co-financed from European funds in part that is eligible for a refund. This expenditure can acquire the form of expenditure eligible for a refund incurred by the state budgetary units or advances paid to other beneficiaries. Despite that the revenue and expenditure of European funds constitute at the same time the revenue and expenditure of the state budget, the outcome of the European funds has no impact on the level of the surplus or deficit of the state budget. In the light of the clear connection between the revenue and expenditure included in European funds and the programmes, the support of persons with disabilities from European funds is possible only when the programme financed from these funds involves activities of this type. In order to determine the scope of support available for persons with disabilities, it is vital to analyse the content of programmes financed from European funds indicated in the annexes to the Budget Act for tasks addressed to persons with disabilities that are possible to be implemented as part of their framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), a complex and controversial neurodevelopmental disability caused by alcohol exposure in the womb, report experiences of stigma in different parts of their lives. The media, sometimes central to how a public understands and constructs marginalized identities, have a notable history of poorly representing people with disabilities like FASD (including in Canada), which could increase their stigmatisation. Additionally, given its cause, women who drink while pregnant can also face stigmatisation - with some public discourses evoking narratives that promote blame and shame. To gain insight into the kinds of information presented to Canadians about FASD, alcohol, and pregnancy, we conducted a media content analysis of 286 articles retrieved from ten of the top Canadian newspapers (2002-2015). In this article, we report key themes we identified, most common being 'crime associated with FASD'. We explore connections between this coverage, common disability stereotypes (i.e., criminal behaviour and 'the villain'), FASD stigma, and expectations of motherhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

s study was designed to examine adherence to an active lifestyle among individuals with and without physical disabilities. A Likert-type, 32-item survey was developed that contained five factors identified as perceived competence, social support, benefits, health barriers, and facilities barriers. Reliability estimates within factors ranged from .74 to .88. The survey, in its final form, was distributed to 495 individuals enrolled in undergraduate studies. The 203 individuals (141 nondisabled, 62 injured/disabled) who completed the survey constituted the study's sample (38% male, 62% female). Among nondisabled subjects, the perceived competence and benefits categories were significantly related to adherence. For those with disabilities, the benefits factor appeared important to their adherence to an active lifestyle, followed by facilities and health barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this paper is the sport socialization of athletes with disabilities; the object is to contribute to research and praxis through a review of the relevant sociological literature on the subject. The majority of the research, which uses structural-functionalism, is seen as a set of pioneering attempts to generate reliable information. However, the resulting information is too simplistic and theoretically deficient. The minority of the research, which uses interactionism, is seen as complementing the structural-functionalist studies by focusing on different aspects of the socialization experiences of athletes with disabilities. This research is insightful but it is collectively unsystematic. It is concluded that the study of disability sport socialization is in its infancy and is in urgent need of an adequate theoretical foundation. Three theoretical suggestions are offered to provide such a foundation, together with substantive suggestions for focusing on the themes of institutionalized physical activity and sport, social relationships, social configurations, and social control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals with disabilities experience lower education levels, lower employment rates, fewer household resources, and poorer health than people without disabilities. Yet, despite comprising more than one-eighth of the US population, people with disabilities are seldom integrated into sociological studies of inequality. This study uses time use as a lens through which to understand one type of inequality between working-aged people with and without disabilities: participation in daily activities. It also tests whether social disparities (as suggested by the social model of disability) or health disparities (as suggested by the medical model of disability) explain a larger percentage of participation differences. I first consider if disability predicts daily time in market work, nonmarket work, tertiary (health-related) activities, and leisure—net of health and sociodemographic characteristics. Next, I utilize Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition to assess the relative contribution of these characteristics in explaining time differences. Results from the American Time Use Survey indicate that adults with disabilities spend less time than adults without disabilities in market work and more time in tertiary activities and leisure. There is no difference in nonmarket time. Health accounts for the largest percentage of the explained component of tertiary time differences, but depending on the choice of predictors, sociodemographic characteristics account for as much—or more—of the explained component of differences in market and leisure time. Results indicate the importance of disentangling disability from health in sociological studies of inequality. They also support a hybrid disability model in suggesting that both health and sociodemographic characteristics determine how disability shapes daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article argues that the Capability Approach can enrich sociology’s capacity to link human agency and structure in dynamic analyses of social inequality and marginality. While many read the Capability Approach as excessively individualistic, the validity of this view is less obvious if we take into account the key role of conversion processes in this approach. People’s possibilities to convert given resources into valued functionings do not only depend on individual characteristics (e.g. having a physical or mental impairment) but also on the multi-layered structures (e.g. of a physical, attitudinal, social, economic or political nature) they face. Conversion processes can help us to capture the factors hampering or enabling human agency (individual and collective) – and of the transformation of such factors. As an empirical case, the article discusses the efforts of persons with disabilities to combat exclusion and achieve full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to analyze the studies conducted on people with disability under the approaches of rights and capabilities considering those aspects interesting in the public health field, such as the inequality, social justice, social determining factors, and well-being of collective groups. A narrative review of the both national and international literature concerning the disability was carried out under both the right approach and the capability approach. Searches were carried out based on keywords in Spanish, English and Portuguese. The quest for information provided 32 documents in total; regarding the approaches under study, 16 papers dealt with rights and disability, 11 papers with capabilities and disability, and 5 papers with both approaches. It can be concluded that the approaches of rights and capabilities have a dichotomous and non-linear relation. Regarding the disability, these two approaches indeed complement each other from their different fields, especially when it comes to cope with the barriers existing between people with disability in the spheres of education, employment and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decent work that is stated to be an international objective by ILO has become a global need and demand concerning all individuals today. With the change in perception towards the disabled, new strategies to contend with the problems the disabled face within work life are developed in many countries. The social policies developed intend to help the disabled to be employed in jobs related with their skills and conditions and to keep them. In this context, it is aimed to take all the necessary measures for the disabled to have economical, social and psychological satisfaction and remove the obstacles that prevent the disabled to be socially integrated. The intend that is set is highly compatible with the objectives aimed for the 'decent work' notion. The study draws attention to this consistency and to the importance of employment for the disabled to be socially integrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to determine the differences in life skills of young people with and without disability in chronological age from 18-35 year-old in Tuzla Canton. The respondents sample consists of two sub-samples. First sub-sample contains 50 young people with disability, chronological age from 18-35 of both genders. Second sub-sample contained 50 young people without disability, chronological age from 18-35 of both genders. Research data were analysed using method of parametric and non-parametric statistics. Frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendency have been calculated (arithmetic mean and standard deviation). P-values have been used for examining the difference between variables and variance analysis has been used for examining the importance of differences. The results show that there is a significant statistical difference between young people with and without disabilities in the majority of life skills assessed: interpersonal skills and family and parenting planning, whereas statistically significant difference is not evident in knowledge of resources and legal matters. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to start the program and training in early age which will make life easier to disabled persons and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes conditions in which contagious populations have found themselves in Russia and reviews theories of queer/crip kinship from two perspectives: the theories developed in academic literature, and the conceptualization of queer/crip kinship that may be derived from everyday accounts of people. The latter position is shaped through an analysis of life history interviews with disabled people who identify on the LGBTIQ spectrum in Russia. The Russian context is different from many other geographical locations, but also relates to the more common condition of precarity shared under contemporary neoliberal capitalism. Crip kinship is understood as a prominent political strategy that brings new perspectives on our futurities outside of assemblages of oppression and exploitation that able-bodiedness, heterosexism, and misogyny provoke, sustain, and enforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If a disability is understood as a type of social exclusion, its severity can be gauged from the social aspect. Such measurement is necessary to explore the intersubjective structure of social exclusion associated with bodily functions and structures. This paper presents a sociological and statistical method to rate the severity of a disability as social exclusion. The method is modeled on the rating procedure of occupational prestige. According to this technique, people subjectively rate severity by answering a questionnaire. The ratings are converted into a score (the "disablement score"). The method is applied in a preliminary web survey. The reliability of the scale is examined. People evaluate various conditions very differently, with physical conditions with functional limitations rated as severe and disfigurements as mild. Although the result does not necessarily agree with the objective circumstances, it is meaningful in that it reflects people's reactions and attitudes toward disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim was to elucidate the experiences of people with mild to moderate acquired brain injury to learn how hidden dysfunctions influence their interactions in different social relations. A focus group of four sessions with the same five informants was conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis. The analysis revealed one main theme: the dysfunctions created hidden challenges and uncertainty in the informants' encounters with others. The main theme was illustrated by five sub-themes: uncertainty in encounters with others, an additional burden of being misunderstood, little consideration for hidden dysfunctions at work, little consideration for hidden dysfunctions from health and social services, and different coping strategies in encounters with others. The results emphasize the informants' uncertainty in unfamiliar situations while adapting to changes in their functioning and addressing additional challenges due to the invisibility, unpredictability and stigmatization of their reduced functioning and to others' ignorance regarding hidden dysfunctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the experiences of disabled sailors on board a tall sailing ship, adapted for accessibility. Eight disabled sailors kept audio diaries and created artwork during the voyages, as well as taking part in interviews afterwards. In reporting their accounts, we explored what it meant for participants to go to sea. We became particularly interested in embodied activities on board ship, the ways in which sailing created and highlighted new identities, and the social aspects of sailing in a team. Our account brings together some of the central concerns in Disability Studies with the perspectives of social practice theorists, and seeks to add layers of meaning to both approaches. Since this is a nautical project, the paper is structured by following the stages of going to sea, and in the words of one participant, we seek to 'join the dots between medical, academic and anecdotal knowledge'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to explore how the political, technological and economic development of recent decades has influenced the identity construction of Sami people with disabilities. While Sami identity work is described as a continuous process carried out in everyday life, the subject is addressed through a presentation and discussion of three narratives. The analysis demonstrates how different types of development have expanded access for Samis with disabilities to participate in traditional Sami activities in many ways and, as such, have increased their opportunities to identify themselves as Sami. At the same time, however, changes in laws and regulations concerning ownership and use of land and sea resources seem to constitute political barriers that hinder disabled Samis from pursuing traditional Sami occupations and activities such as fishing and reindeer herding. Furthermore, 'cultural blindness' among professionals within the welfare system seems to block opportunities for Samis with disabilities to access their own culture through language and traditional Sami way of life. This lack of connection to traditional Sami activities is problematic as it may lead to the perception among both disabled Sami individuals and other Samis that these individuals are not entitled to define themselves as Sami. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) may require the abolition of the insanity defense and similar "special defenses" in criminal law. Proponents argue that abolishing the defense would advance efforts to fully recognize the legal capacity of persons with disabilities on an equal basis with others; detractors suggest it would compound the substantive inequality of an already marginalized population. This paper seeks to accelerate this debate with reference to Swedish criminal law, which saw the abolition of the insanity defense in 1965. Neither side of the debate appears to have considered the anomaly of Swedish criminal law. Equally, Swedish legislators appear to have overlooked CRPD-based considerations. Instead, Sweden seems likely to reintroduce the insanity defense following long-standing domestic criticism. This paper brings together developments in Sweden and international human rights law, and draws out conceptual and practical lessons in the quest for due process rights and substantive equality for people with disabilities in criminal law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of an investigation about the possibilities of urban communication for the inclusion of people with disabilities in the dynamics of Colombian cities. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted with public officials and foundations for persons with disabilities; In addition, discussion groups were held with disabled citizens. As a result, it was possible to determine that communication contributes to the inclusion of persons with disabilities as the city is a symbolic space and not only physical, so initiatives should be considered so that public spaces are constructed from shared meanings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective Polling place inaccessibility may contribute to the disability gap in voter turnout, both directly by making voting more difficult for people with disabilities, and indirectly by sending the message that people with disabilities are not expected to participate in the political sphere. We explore the role of polling place inaccessibility by examining voter turnout and reports of voting difficulties among people with and without disabilities in the 2012 elections. Method We use the Census Bureau's Voting and Registration Supplement (VRS) and a newly constructed national household survey following the 2012 elections. Results Consistent with past findings, the disability turnout gap is reduced but not eliminated when controlling for standard predictors of voter turnout. Nearly, one-third (30 percent) of voters with disabilities reported difficulty in voting at a polling place in 2012, compared to only 8 percent of voters without disabilities. We find that difficulties in voting predict lower perceptions of the influence people with disabilities have in the political process. This in turn is a significant predictor of voter turnout among people with disabilities, supporting the idea that voting difficulties depress turnout. Majorities of people both with and without disabilities said they would prefer voting in person in a polling place in the next election. Conclusion The results point to the potential role of polling place accessibility in voter turnout, and the gains from wider adoption of best practices to reduce barriers and make the voting process more fully accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article argues for the inclusion of Indigenous voices in disability dialogues. The application of UN documents and actions in Indigenous communities justifies Indigenous perspectives as informing partners in disability dialogues. The article establishes a foundation for inclusion followed by a brief discussion of some global Indigenous concepts involving body and mind differences that are in direct opposition to Western concepts of disability. The use of Indigenous paradigms highlights the role of colonization and post-colonization assimilation practices in establishing discrimination dynamics involving disability within Indigenous communities. The argument is that the inclusion of Indigenous voices will not only assist Indigenous communities, but could also advance disability discussions in Western cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human right to social inclusion is not well secured by the state alone. Rather, communities must be welcoming and flexible, adjusting to the contributions and needs of persons with disabilities. Attending to the practice of placing boarders with mental illness in family homes in Geel, Belgium--which integrates persons with disabilities not only into the family, but also into the town--highlights the limits of a legalistic approach to human rights, as well as the benefits of a cultural studies approach to rights. By examining the cultural practice of Geel, this article shows that the work of care can create inclusive communities. Though care has its own weaknesses--it can create power asymmetries and facilitate paternalism--this risk is moderated by the practice of reciprocal care, where care is given and received by both boarders and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, Amy Boelé presents a conceptualization of community that challenges the goal of independence as an ultimate ideal. Building on in situ tensions within independence ideologies, she illustrates the contradictions that exist when the approach to achieving community access for individuals with developmental disabilities requires full independence. Such an approach serves as a kind of assimilation to the dominant, nondisabled group's practices, which brings about contradictions that maintain oppressive forces. Using excerpts from interviews and personal recollections, she theorizes how a reconceptualization of community might empower individuals with disabilities to be contributors to their communities. She argues against considering independence as the emancipatory opposition to institutionalization. She contends that true community, as a mutual site of unconditional giving and resisted oppression, is what counters discrimination, segregation, and control, rejecting the false dichotomy of independence and institutionalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editors discuss articles in the issue on topics including the concealable condition of HIV-positive people, the virtue of hope in Christianity and theology, and the participation of people with disabilities in the civil and ecclesiastical society.

In this research we test the effectiveness of imagined intergroup contact as an intervention that improves attitudes toward people with disabilities in organizational settings. We conducted two experimental studies with the aim of examining the bias-reduction effects of imagined contact on attitudes toward people with disabilities. Furthermore, we examined how imagined contact can be most effective in improving attitudes in work situations. Both studies yielded evidence that the imagined contact intervention significantly impacted on two dependent variables: expected work-related outcomes and support for the rights of people with disabilities, via enhancing the belief in performance level. We discuss the results in the context of developing effective and accessible intervention tools, which can be used in workplace trainings, and can promote anti-discriminatory policies in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent statistics show a high ratio of people with disabilities in Vietnam, and they are facing difficulties in their daily lives. There are numerous significant legal documents and policies supporting people with disabilities but the well-being of disabled people has improved little. They are still less supported to have an independent life or to be comprehensively empowered. In an eastern country with high traditional value on the role of education, it is found that wider Vietnamese society and people with disabilities themselves recognise education as the best way to deal with such life challenges. So, from survey findings by Vietnam Association for the Handicapped (2013-2014) in Hanoi and Danang, this paper focuses on how people with disabilities experience their lives in educational contexts in order to gather a fuller perspective of their social inclusion and to propose the implication of further measures of support for their well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing upon the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R-) behavioural model, this paper proposes a theoretical framework that explores how this seminal theory holds across with new constructs, namely hedonic shopping value and emotional attachment. Additionally, it attempts to examine the correlation between store environment, in-store experience and the approach behaviour within the shoppers' context of people with disability (PWD). Using a quota sampling approach, a total of 300 guided self-administered survey questionnaires were distributed to target respondents but only 151 returned questionnaires were usable and subsequently run for data analysis through structural equation modelling technique. The findings revealed that emotional attachment significantly influenced shoppers' approach behaviour followed by in-store experience. Meanwhile, hedonic shopping value indicated insignificant effect on approach behaviour and significant relationship between store environment and in-store experience of PWD consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Southern African scholars and activists working in disability studies have argued that ubuntu or unhu is a part of their world view. Objectives: Thinking seriously about ubuntu, as a shared collective humanness or social ethics, means to examine how Africans have framed a struggle for this shared humanity in terms of decolonisation and activism. Method: Three examples of applications of ubuntu are given, with two mainly linked to making explicit umaka. Firstly, ubuntu is linked to making visible the invisible inequalities for a common humanity in South Africa. Secondly, it becomes correlated to the expression of environmental justice in West and East African countries. Results: An African model of disability that encapsulates ubuntu is correlated to how Africans have illustrated a social ethics of a common humanity in their grassroots struggles against oppression and disablement in the 20th century. Ubuntu also locates disability politically within the wider environment and practices of sustainability which are now important to the post-2105 agenda, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the (UN) Sustainable Development Goals linked to climate change. Conclusion: A different kind of political action linked to social justice seems to be evolving in line with ubuntu. This has implications for the future of disability studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural beliefs, values, language differences, and unfamiliar educational infrastructures and practices can impact immigrant parents’ capacity to support their children with disabilities in their new country. This study presents perspectives of disability and experiences with special education services based on interviews with eight immigrant parents of children with disabilities from four countries. Results indicate that the process for accepting, or not accepting, that their child has a disability differed across cultural contexts. Additionally, immigrant parents encounter diverse labelling practices and have varying levels of participation in special education services. Moreover, immigrant families who are refugees have differential access to services and a more limited cultural perspective of their heritage country than families who came to the USA directly from their heritage country. These results can assist professionals in rethinking policies and practices to more effectively establish partnerships with culturally and linguistically diverse families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following Foucault's theory of discourse this article aims at reformulating the established concept of disability. To this end, the author reconstructs ways in which disabling practices of subjectivation occur in and through public media discourses. The article focuses on the discoursive production of infantile identities in people with cognitive disabilities. The examples demonstrate that this discoursive production occurs in self-representational media formats and in outside media representations. Hence, the author develops a concept of disability as a discoursively produced ordering category, from which follows a reformulation of the disability concept. This reformulated concept, which grasps disability as discourse disability, allows in turn for a perspective on disability as practice and thus as independent from the subject. To conclude, the article discusses implications of such a perspective of disability for pedagogy and the social sciences, ultimately arguing for a broader definition of disability and for making respective benefits a matter of social pedagogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with disabilities are more vulnerable than others to poverty and exclusion from key services, such as health and education. Consequently, they particularly need social protection, yet may have difficulties accessing these programmes. This study aims to assess the need for, and inclusion in, social protection programmes among people with disabilities compared to those without, in three districts in Tanzania. Using a mixed methods approach, our study finds that although the need for social protection programmes was higher among people with disabilities compared to the general population, this was not matched by higher enrolment. People with disabilities were aware of social protection programmes in their area but were not targeted specifically, and benefit packages offered by the programmes were not adapted to their needs. Modifying mainstream social protection schemes to be inclusive of people with disabilities may therefore be an important step towards addressing poverty alleviation goals, including those set out in the recently adopted sustainable development goals (Goal 1, target 3). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses the initiatives that have been taken by the World Zoo Conservation Strategy (WZACS) in order to ensure that people with disabilities are also able to participate in conservation education programs. The article further states the need for zoos and aquariums to have activities, materials and specialized staff available for people with disabilities.

This study investigates how the socio-demographic characteristics of Koreans with disabilities influence its social exclusion. We surveyed 810 people with various disabilities at welfare agencies for people with disabilities and centers for independent living across the country. We found that academic background, occupation, average monthly household income, health status, degree of disability, and status as a recipient of Korea's national basic living allowance have the greatest influence on social exclusion. Those who are less educated, receive the national basic living allowance, are unemployed, have less average monthly household income, are less healthy, or are more severely disabled experience higher levels of social exclusion than other people with disabilities do. We investigated four types of social exclusion: exclusion from material distribution, exclusion from social rights, exclusion from participation and relationships, and exclusion based on culture and norms. More participants reported exclusion from social rights than other types of exclusion. Based on these findings, we suggest policy-related ways to lessen the social exclusion of people with disabilities in Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on approval of theological declaration for disabled by the World Council of Churches recommended by the Ecumenical Disability Advocates Network (EDAN). It states indication of changes in distinction for disability and impairment in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). It mentions segregation of person with impairments that leads to socio-economic deprivation among disabled persons with examination of economic productivity.

This article explores the significance of disability for social justice, using Nancy Fraser’s theory of justice as a guideline. The article argues that the disability perspective is essential for understanding and promoting social justice, although it is often disregarded by critical thinkers and social activists. The article looks at three prominent strategies for achieving social justice under conditions of capitalism: economically, by decommodifying labour; culturally, by deconstructing self-sufficiency; and politically, by transnationalising democracy. The disability perspective reveals that decommodification of labour requires enhancement of disability support, deconstruction of self-sufficiency requires valorisation of disability-illuminated interdependence, and transnationalisation of democracy requires scrutiny of the transnational production of impairments. The article discusses each of these strategies in theoretical and practical terms by drawing on disability studies and Fraser’s analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Although research on gender mainstreaming (GM) is extensive, literature on disability mainstreaming (DM) is scarce. This article builds on the experience of GM to explore the conditions affecting DM, focusing on the first Flemish policy cycle of DM (2010–2014) in two policy domains: employment and education. We found no substantive difference in the conditions necessary for the successful implementation of DM compared with that of GM. Also, developments specific to the policy domains had more influence on the inclusive character of policies than did the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities or the Flemish approach to DM. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article is an attempt to present one of the most known concepts of disability, which, since the 60s of the 20th century, has been a significant and frequent subject of theoretical analysis as well as has been the hint in constructing the social policy or the organization of the welfare system for the disabled both in Poland and all over the world. In the article the American model of normalization will be presented and its deconstruction. Disclosing the problems concerning the theoretical assumptions of the concepts of this model allows for perceiving the way in which society constructs the subject of a disabled person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editors discuss reports within the issue which focuses on the issue of disability hate crimes in Great Britain, citing how it impact the special education in the country.

Background: Pain intensity and disability correlate with psychosocial factors such as depression and pain interference (the degree to which pain interferes with activities of daily living) as much or more than pathophysiology in upper extremity illness. However, other factors like emotional support (perception of being cared for and valued as a person), instrumental support (perception of availability of tangible assistance when needed), positive psychosocial impact (perception and focus on the positive side of a difficult situation, sometimes characterized as posttraumatic growth, benefit-finding, or meaning making), also might be associated with disability in patients with upper extremity orthopaedic illness. This is the first published study, to our knowledge, addressing the potential association of emotional support, instrumental support, and positive psychosocial illness impact with disability in patients with upper extremity illness.Questions/purposes: We asked: (1) Is there a correlation between the QuickDASH and the Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS(®)) emotional support Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT)? (2) Is there a correlation between the QuickDASH and PROMIS(®) instrumental support CAT? (3) Is there a correlation between the QuickDASH and PROMIS(®) positive psychosocial illness impact CAT? (4) Among the PROMIS(®) measures of depression, emotional support, instrumental support, positive illness impact, and pain interference, which accounts for the most variance in QuickDASH scores?Methods: One hundred ninety-three patients with upper extremity illness (55% women; average age, 51 ± 18 years) of 213 approached (91% recruitment rate) completed the QuickDASH, and five different PROMIS(®) CATs: pain interference (the degree to which pain interferes with accomplishing one's goals), depression, emotional support, psychosocial illness impact, and instrumental support. We recruited patients from the practice of three surgeons in hand service of the department of orthopaedic surgery at a major urban university hospital.Results: Pearson Product Moment Correlations showed that emotional support (r = -0.18; p = 0.014) and instrumental support (r = -0.19; p = 0.008) were weakly and inversely associated with the QuickDASH), while positive psychosocial illness impact was moderately and inversely associated with the QuickDASH (r = -0.36; p < 0.001). In multivariable analyses, pain interference, but not the social support measures, was the only psychosocial factor associated with the QuickDASH and alone explained 66% of variance.Conclusions: Emotional support, instrumental support and positive psychosocial illness impact are all individually associated with disability to a small degree, but pain interference (the degree to which pain interferes with accomplishing one's goals) has the strongest influence on magnitude of disability.Level Of Evidence: Level 1, prognostic study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physically disabled persons represent a special group of the transportation disadvantaged who have suffered many deprivations. The study explores the travel patterns and some of the challenges being encountered by the physically disabled in Jos, Nigeria. Using the questionnaire and focus group discussion methods, the study found that the respondents are of low social and economic statuses. Walking, with enormous time and energy costs, is the most common means of travel among the group. Commercial vehicle drivers apparently hardly attend to the transportation needs of the group even when they can afford the fare. The physically disabled persons view this 'injustice' as a reflection of a whole gamut of perceived discriminatory policies of the 'able' society to isolate and disempower them. There is therefore a deep-seated feeling of resentment among the physically disabled towards society's perceived apathy, marginalization and discrimination that manifest even in access to transportation. They believe that the social and physical environments are deliberately hostile to them. Any plans to alleviate the transportation problems of the disabled and integrate them into the mainstream of the economic and social activities of the larger society should address, fundamentally, these perceived marginalization and injustices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]