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Thermodynamic hydrate promoters and kinetic hydrate promoters can be used to reduce the P–T conditions for clathrate hydrate synthesis to decrease the nucleation induction time while increasing growth rates. Two commonly used promoters for hydrate research are tetrahydrofuran (THF) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which can increase the overall hydrate promotion when used in tandem as compared to individually. There are several molecular theories regarding how SDS promotes hydrate growth. This study explores the micellular theory, for which hydrate formation depends on surfactant aggregates (micelles) at a critical micelle concentration (CMC) to increase the interfacial surface area. The micellular theory is the most investigated and criticized surfactant hydrate promotion theory. To address questions related to micellar behavior, this study investigates the intermolecular behavior between SDS and THF for the identification of micelles at hydrate-forming conditions. The systems explored contained THF at 3 and 5 wt. % with varying concentrations of SDS below and above the CMC. Several methods including a qualitative visual method, conductivity, interfacial tensiometry, 13C Liquid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and 1H diffusion NMR spectroscopy were evaluated at temperatures below the Krafft point of SDS and above 0 °C. The presence of THF at low concentrations decreased the critical temperature for the formation of SDS micelles, where SDS is solubilized in THF/water solution at hydrate-forming temperatures without precipitation. The CMC of SDS was decreased significantly even at hydrate-forming conditions. Mixed surfactant–cosolvent micellular behavior of SDS in the presence of low concentrations of THF was confirmed at hydrate-forming conditions above 0 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon-based Materials have been extensively researched for their prospect in the fields of environment and energy, especially for graphene oxide (GO). In this work, a novel sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-assisted synthesis of BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO ternary composite has been synthesized successfully by a handy hydrothermal method. Photoluminescence, Photocurrent, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, surface photovoltage and transient photovoltage measurements illustrate that construction of p-n BiOBr/Bi2WO6 heterojunction leads to the obviously enhancement of charge separation efficiency, and the photogenerated electrons trapped by GO can effectively inhibit the recombination process of photogenerated charge, resulting in the improvement of charge separation efficiency and the longer lifetime of photogenerated carriers for BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO. The characterization of structure and morphology indicate that role of GO can also improve the visible light absorption range, and the SDS-assisted synthesis can reduce the size of particle in the composite and enhances the specific surface area of the composite by regulating the particle size and agglomeration. Under optimal conditions, BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO (SDS) has the outstanding photocatalytic degradation performance and the degradation rate constants for oxytetracycline, tetracycline hydrochloride, methylene blue and rhodamine are 0.056, 0.057, 0.103 and 0.414 min−1, respectively. Notably, the degradation rate constants obtained by BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO (SDS) are more ten times higher than that of pure BiOBr and Bi2WO6. The possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation was suggested for BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO based on the dynamic properties of photogenerated charge and reactive oxidation species results. Surprisingly, the recyclability of the BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO (SDS) composite obtained from the cyclic experiments has laid a foundation for the study of efficient and stable photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diversity and delicate balance of the oral microbiome contribute to oral health, with its disruption leading to oral and systemic diseases. Toothpaste includes elements like traditional additives such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as well as novel postbiotics derived from probiotics, which are commonly employed for maintaining oral hygiene and a healthy oral cavity. However, the response of the oral microbiota to these treatments remains poorly understood. In this study, we systematically investigated the impact of SLS, and toothpaste containing postbiotics (hereafter, postbiotic toothpaste) across three systems: biofilms, animal models, and clinical populations. SLS was found to kill bacteria in both preformed biofilms (mature biofilms) and developing biofilms (immature biofilms), and disturbed the microbial community structure by increasing the number of pathogenic bacteria. SLS also destroyed periodontal tissue, promoted alveolar bone resorption, and enhanced the extent of inflammatory response level. The postbiotic toothpaste favored bacterial homeostasis and the normal development of the two types of biofilms in vitro, and attenuated periodontitis and gingivitis in vivo via modulation of oral microecology. Importantly, the postbiotic toothpaste mitigated the adverse effects of SLS when used in combination, both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, the findings of this study describe the impact of toothpaste components on oral microflora and stress the necessity for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of oral microbial ecology by considering multiple aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The catalyst's particle size plays a crucial role in enhancing photocatalytic performance. However, it is still unclear to analyse the mechanism by which surfactants affect the particle size of photocatalysts from the perspective of crystal growth. Herein, ZnS nanomaterials with different particle sizes were synthesized using a simple solid-state chemical synthesis method, and the intrinsic influence mechanism between surfactant and catalyst particle size was analyzed from the perspective of crystal growth. It was discovered that the particle size of ZnS kept getting smaller due to changes in polyethylene glycol, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Analyzing the reasons revealed that the catalyst's particle size was related to the type of surfactant: anionic surfactants could reduce the catalyst size. Correspondingly, the catalyst with a smaller particle size has the optimal performance for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Photocatalysts Z-SDS exhibited outstanding photocatalytic performance, yielding 11.47 mmol/g of hydrogen after a 5 h illumination. Furthermore, the intrinsic influence mechanism between anionic and cationic surfactants, photocatalyst particle size, and catalytic performance was investigated. This investigation provides a new idea for synthesizing small-size and high-performance photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of anthocyanins as red colorants in lipid-containing foods such as oil-in-water emulsions is challenging due to their ability to act as antioxidants and their instability under various environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of black carrot anthocyanin degradation and the subsequent color loss influenced by lipid oxidation reactions in 1% (w/w) flaxseed oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by 0.1% (w/w) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at pH 2 upon storage at 35 °C for ten days under light and in the dark. Oxidatively stable Miglyol oil-in-water emulsions and SDS solutions were used as reference. The results showed simultaneous formation of lipid hydroperoxides and degradation of anthocyanins. The addition of anthocyanins decreased lipid hydroperoxide formation, confirming the antioxidant activity of anthocyanins through radical scavenging mechanism. The kinetic modelling of lipid oxidation and anthocyanin degradation are particularly important for estimating color stability in colored emulsion-based food systems such as dairy or non-dairy milk or yoghurt drinks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many flatfish species are partially euryhaline, such as the Pacific sanddab which spawn and feed in highly dynamic estuaries ranging from seawater to near freshwater. With the rapid increase in saltwater invasion of freshwater habitats, it is very likely that in these estuaries, flatfish will be exposed to increasing levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of freshwater origin at a range of salinities. As salinity fluctuations often coincide with changes in DOC concentration, two natural freshwater DOCs [Luther Marsh (LM, allochthonous) and Lake Ontario (LO, autochthonous) were investigated at salinities of 30 and 7.5 ppt. Optical characterization of the two natural DOC sources indicate salinity-dependent differences in their physicochemistry. LO and LM DOCs, as well as three model compounds [tannic acid (TA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA)] representing key chemical moieties of DOC, were used to evaluate physiological effects on sanddabs. In the absence of added DOC, an acute decrease in salinity resulted in an increase in diffusive water flux (a proxy for transcellular water permeability), ammonia excretion and a change in TEP from positive (inside) to negative (inside). The effects of DOC (10 mg C L-1) were salinity and source-dependent, with generally more pronounced effects at 30 than 7.5 ppt, and greater potency of LM relative to LO. Both LM DOC and SDS increased diffusive water flux at 30 ppt but only SDS had an effect at 7.5 ppt. TA decreased ammonia excretion at 7.5 ppt. LO DOC decreased urea-N excretion at both salinities whereas the stimulatory effect of BSA occurred only at 30 ppt. Likewise, the effects of LM DOC and BSA to reduce TEP were present at 30 ppt but not 7.5 ppt. None of the treatments affected oxygen consumption rates. Our results demonstrate that DOCs and salinity interact to alter key physiological processes in marine flatfish, reflecting changes in both gill function and the physicochemistry of DOCs between 30 and 7.5 ppt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: the therapeutic potential of andrographolide is hindered by its poor oral bioavailability and unpredictable pharmacokinetics, primarily due to its limited water solubility. Objective: this work aimed to enhance the solubility and pharmacokinetics of andrographolide, a bioactive compound in Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (Acanthaceae), using solubilizing agents and a bioenhancer. Materials and methods: Four groups of beagles were compared: (1) A. paniculata powder alone (control), (2) A. paniculata powder with 50% weight/weight (w/w) β-cyclodextrin solubilizer, (3) A. paniculata powder with 1% w/w sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solubilizer, and (4) A. paniculata powder co-administered with 1% w/w SDS solubilizer and 10% piperine bioenhancer. all groups received a consistent oral dose of 3 mg/kg of andrographolide, administered both as a single dose and multiple doses over seven consecutive days. Results: thirteen chemical compounds were identified in A. paniculata powder, including 7 diterpenoids, 5 flavonoids, and 1 phenolic compound. A. paniculata co-administration with either 50% w/w β-cyclodextrin or 1% w/w sDs, alone or in combination with 10% w/w piperine, significantly increased systemic andrographolide exposure by enhancing bioavailability (131.01% to 196.05%) following single and multiple oral co-administration. Glucuronidation is one possible biotransformation pathway for andrographolide, as evidenced by the excretion of glucuronide conjugates in urine and feces. Conclusion: the combination of solubilizing agents and a bioenhancer improved the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of andrographolide, indicating potential implications for A. paniculata formulations and clinical therapeutic benefits. Further investigation in clinical studies is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macroautophagy/autophagy is a fundamental cellular catabolic process that delivers cytoplasmic components into double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes, which then fuse with lysosomes and their contents are degraded. Autophagy recycles cytoplasmic components, including misfolded proteins, dysfunctional organelles and even microbial invaders, thereby playing an essential role in development, immunity and cell death. Autophagosome formation is the main step in autophagy, which is governed by a set of ATG (autophagy related) proteins. ATG16L1 interacts with ATG12–ATG5 conjugate to form an ATG12–ATG5-ATG16L1 complex. The complex acts as a ubiquitin-like E3 ligase that catalyzes the lipidation of MAP1LC3/LC3 (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3), which is crucial for autophagosome formation. In the present study, we found that ATG16L1 was subject to S-palmitoylation on cysteine 153, which was catalyzed by ZDHHC7 (zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 7). We observed that re-expressing ATG16L1 but not the S-palmitoylation-deficient mutant ATG16L1C153S rescued a defect in the lipidation of LC3 and the formation of autophagosomes in ATG16L1-KO (knockout) HeLa cells. Furthermore, increasing ATG16L1 S-palmitoylation by ZDHHC7 expression promoted the production of LC3-II, whereas reducing ATG16L1 S-palmitoylation by ZDHHC7 deletion inhibited the LC3 lipidation process and autophagosome formation. Mechanistically, the addition of a hydrophobic 16-carbon palmitoyl group on Cys153 residue of ATG16L1 enhances the formation of ATG16L1-WIPI2B complex and ATG16L1-RAB33B complex on phagophore, thereby facilitating the LC3 lipidation process and autophagosome formation. In conclusion, S-palmitoylation of ATG16L1 is essential for the lipidation process of LC3 and the formation of autophagosomes. Our research uncovers a new regulatory mechanism of ATG16L1 function in autophagy. Abbreviation: ABE: acyl-biotin exchange; ATG: autophagy related; Baf-A1: bafilomycin A1; 2-BP: 2-bromopalmitate; CCD: coiled‐coil domain; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; CQ: chloroquine; EBSS: Earle's balanced salt solution; HAM: hydroxylamine; KO: knockout; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NP-40: Nonidet P-40; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PtdIns3K-C1: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I; PTM: post-translational modification; RAB33B: RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscope; WD: tryptophan and aspartic acid; WIPI2B: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2B; WT: wild-type; ZDHHC: zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is a surfactant used and recommended by regulatory agencies as a reference substance in ecotoxicological analyzes. In this work, acute toxicity assays were performed with adults and embryos of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata, an endemic organism with environmental and public health importance, to evaluate the effects of the surfactant and establish a sensitivity control chart. The organisms were exposed to SDS for 24 h to a range of concentrations, as well as a control group. Six assays were performed to establish the control chart for adults (with a median LC50 of 36.87 mg L−1) and differential sensitivity was observed at each embryonic stage (EC50 = blastulae 33.03, gastrulae 35.03, trochophore 39.71 and veliger 72.55 mg L−1). The following behavioral responses were observed in exposed adult snails: release of hemolymph and mucus, body outside the shell, and penile overexposure. Embryos at the blastulae and gastrulae stages were more sensitive, and teratogenic effects were accentuated in the trochophore stage. The difference in results obtained between adults and embryos underscore the importance of carrying out analyzes at different developmental stages. The serial assays established with SDS for B. glabrata demonstrated efficiency and constancy conditions in the assays with good laboratory practice standards. The wide distribution of Biomphalaria species in several countries, their easy maintenance and cultivation in the laboratory, in addition to ecological importance, make them economical alternatives for ecotoxicological assays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agglomeration of nano carbon black (NCB), driven by its high specific surface energy, limits the fundamental performance of cementitious materials and hinders the broader application of functional cementitious materials in engineering domains. NCB-modified cement (NC) has a low snow-melting efficiency, resulting in high energy consumption and excessive CO2 emissions. Herein, this study innovatively proposed a method of using dispersants to overcome the above issue and systematically introduced the effects of three dispersants, polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer (PCE), tannic acid (TA), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), on NC. The dispersity of dispersant-NCB suspension was analyzed firstly, and then the performance of fresh paste, mechanical properties, resistivity, snow-melting speed and LCA of NC were explored. Experimental results indicated that, in terms of suspension stability, SDS was the most effective, followed by TA, while PCE exhibited the least efficacy. Furthermore, all three dispersants improved the fluidity of NC to varying degrees. However, PCE and TA demonstrated a retardation effect on the setting time, whereas SDS facilitated a reduction in the setting time of NC. From the point of view of mechanical properties, the use of these dispersants not only augmented the mechanical strength of the NC but also decreased its electrical resistivity. The uniform dispersion of SDS at the microstructural level of NCB had also been found. When the PCE content is 0.2%, TA content is 0.4%, and SDS content is 0.4%, the mechanical strength and resistivity of NC were the best. NC with dispersant TA melted snow three times faster than the control group, reducing snow-melting energy consumption. Moreover, LCA analysis showed that the addition of dispersants also reduced carbon emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Janus particles are a class of materials that exhibit both surface morphology and chemical properties with asymmetry. However, at present, precise control over the structure and composition of Janus particles still faces numerous challenges. Conventional seed emulsion polymerization methods require heating to induce phase separation after seed swelling, leading to extended reaction periods. In light of this, we propose a novel photo-induced seed swelling polymerization approach. This method employs non-crosslinked polyglycerol methacrylate (poly(GMA)) as seed particles, utilizing 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) as the functional monomer and divinylbenzene (DVB) as the cross-linker. The aqueous phase consists of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), with 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) as the photo-initiator. By adjusting parameters such as seed quantity, type of porogen, and porogen volume ratio, diverse morphologies including octopus-like, jellyfish-like, snowman-like, and half raspberry-like Janus particles are successfully synthesized. Subsequently, Janus carbon particles are obtained through calcination and employed as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. The electrochemical performance of Janus carbon particles is assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), rate capability tests, constant current charge–discharge measurements, and cycling performance evaluation. These tests indicate the excellent electrochemical properties of the material. Our research provides a valuable strategy for creating Janus carbon particles with controlled morphologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of harmful chemical surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) in healthcare products is a challenge that world is facing today. The present study aimed to formulate novel green shampoos using rhamnolipid and saponin instead of chemical surfactants, and comparison with commercial shampoos. Biosurfactants were confirmed by thin layer and high‐performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and their performance was evaluated by zone inhibition and critical micelle concentration (CMC). The saponin and rhamnolipid reduced the surface tension (ST) of water from 72 to 40 and 30 mN/m at their CMCs, respectively. Four novel shampoo formulations were made with SLS, rhamnolipid, saponin, and a mixture of rhamnolipid and saponin. The green shampoos were evaluated with tests of color, odor, transparency, pH, ST, detergency, solid content, foam type, foam volume, wetting time and microbial contamination standard to determine the physicochemical properties. The green formulations with rhamnolipid, saponin and mixture of rhamnolipid and saponin were clear and transparent with a good odor. Low ST (34.13, 38.83, and 31.73 mN/m), good detergency (63.87%, 57.74%, and 64.45%), comparable solid contents (25.11%, 26.95%, and 27.50%), good wetting time (160, 165, and 153 s), and good foam stability even after 60 min were observed for three green shampoos, respectively. Based on the results, it can be concluded that these green shampoos can compete with commercial shampoos and be a suitable alternative to chemical shampoos containing sulfate and sulfate‐free, especially for children, people with eye and skin sensitivities and with oily hair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stickiness is a phenomenon observed widely in sludge drying practices, which negatively impacts the sludge drying efficiency. This paper was aimed at evaluating the stickiness characteristics of sludge when the sand content of sludge increases during the rainy season, and carrying out stickiness modification experiments on high sand content sludge. The results indicated that the sand content was significantly positively correlated with the stickiness of sludge. During drying process, the adhesion force and cohesion force of sludge decreased with the increase of drying temperature, and the adhesion force was consistently greater than the cohesion force in every group. The sludge stickiness was reduced after ultrasonic treatment and calcium oxide modification, but the reduction effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on sludge stickiness was not good. This study confirmed the effect of sand content on sludge stickiness, and the stickiness of sludge with high sand content can be reduced by modifier. These findings contribute to our understanding of the stickiness of sludge with high sand content in the rainy season and provide valuable insights for the optimization of sludge drying process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We reported for the first time the generation of titanium (Ti) nanoparticles (NPs) in different liquids (deionized (DI) water and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution) and at a range of temperatures (5 °C, 28 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C) using continuous-wave high-power laser ablation in liquid (CWLAL). The CWLAL technique is a convenient and cost-effective way to generate NPs. The key outcomes of our investigation are the effects of temperature and the liquid mediums on the average size, generation rate, shape, surface charges, and crystallographic structure of the NPs. Generated NPs show consistent spherical shape regardless of liquid medium changes and temperature variation. SDS solution notably impacts NP size and generation rate with higher surface charges than DI water. For instance, at temperatures of 28 °C and 80 °C, the generation rates in SDS solution are 316 mg/hr and 309 mg/hr, with average NP sizes of 33 nm and 34 nm, respectively. In contrast, the generation rates in DI water are 96 mg/hr and 302 mg/hr, with NP sizes of 13 nm and 20 nm, respectively. The weaker crystallographic structure observed in NPs generated in SDS solution, compared to the more robust crystallographic structure of NPs synthesized in DI water. Liquid temperature plays a significant role in determining surface charges, average particle size, and molecular structure of NPs. The choice of the liquid medium and temperature can be critical for tailoring NP characteristics to specific applications. Ongoing work is being conducted to explore the possibilities of further progress in this area to generate efficient and customized NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Protein instability has been reported to be an important cause of haze in white wines; to investigate the feasibility of protease as a substitute for bentonite in the protein stability of white grape liqueurs, the effect of protease combined with heat treatment on the composition and protein stability of liqueur wines was investigated by chemical analysis, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), and amino acid analysis. Results: The results showed that the contents of total acid, volatile acid, pH, and glycerol were not significantly different from the blank control; the effect on total protein content and thermal stability were similar to the bentonite treatment; the L∗, b∗, and Cab∗ values of liqueur wines increased by 5.59%, 4.33%, and 4.33% after protease combined with heat treatment (p < 0.05); SDS‐PAGE results confirmed that protease combined with heat treatment had good hydrolysis for thaumatin‐like proteins (TLPs) and chitinases (CHIs) in liqueur wines. Amino acid analysis revealed that the levels of threonine, serine, tyrosine, arginine, and proline had increased, respectively, and isoleucine (1.26 mg/L) and leucine (1.16 mg/L) were newly detected after protease combined with heat treatment. Particle size analysis showed that the protease combined with heat treatment had less effect on the particle size distribution of the wines. Conclusion: Protease combined with heat treatment had a certain protein stabilizing effect and had no significant negative impact on other nutrients of liqueur wines. Thus, it can be used as an alternative to bentonite for the protein stabilization of liqueur wines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the electrocatalytic properties of Ir/β‐MnO2, with 4.2–5.6 atomic % (at %) iridium. The Ir/β‐MnO2 was synthesized by heating Ir/R‐MnO2—formed via a surfactant‐assisted (SA) method using KMnO4, IrCl3.H2O, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)—to 400 °C. The Ir/β‐MnO2 (SA) was nano‐sized based on scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), 5.6 at % Ir/β‐MnO2 (SA) exhibited an overpotential (η) ${\eta){\rm \ }}$ of 327±5 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), at 10 mAcm-2 ${\hskip0.17em{{\rm c}{\rm m}}^{-2}}$ in 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte. At 10 mA cm-2 ${{{\rm c}{\rm m}}^{-2}}$ the Ir/β‐MnO2 (SA) catalyzed the OER for 72 h at an η ${\eta }$ of 534 mV. During this time there was a 12 % loss in Mn and 8 % loss in Ir from the structure. An IrO2 catalyst exhibited an initial η of 420±7 for the OER, but after 20 h of operation at 10 mA cm-2 ${{{\rm c}{\rm m}}^{-2}}$ there was a steep rise in potential (>550 mV) and 12 % loss in Ir. The enhanced activity and stability of Ir/β‐MnO2 (SA) is attributed to the incorporation of Ir into the MnO2 lattice during synthesis and the formation of nano‐sized particles using the SA method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Methods Results Conclusions The aim of this work was to investigate the solubility and co‐solubilization of fragrance raw materials (FRMs) in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polysorbate 20 (P20) surfactant micellar systems, which can advance our knowledge of multi‐solute micellar solubilization and fragrance olfactory performance from product matrices containing the surfactants.The transfer of individual FRMs and binary FRM mixtures into micellar phases was quantified by UV–VIS differential spectroscopy and evaluated in terms of the standard Gibbs free energy change and micelle‐water partition coefficient. Co‐solubilization effects were further evaluated by the deviation ratio.Anionic SDS was found overall to be a more efficient solubilizer than nonionic P20. On an individual basis, micellar solubilization generally increased with solute lipophilicity but was additionally impacted by solute rigidity and steric effects. Micellar solubilization was favoured for more rigid structures and less favoured for FRMs that exhibited larger molecular rotation and steric hindrance. For multi‐solute systems, three co‐solubilization effects were observed: (i) inhibitive effect in which micellar partitioning of both solutes decreased, (ii) an inverse effect where partitioning of one solute increased while the other decreased and (iii) synergistic effect in which partitioning of both solutes increased. During co‐solubilization in P20 micelles, many FRMs competed for solubilization between the polyoxyethylene chains in the outer layer of the micelle, thereby resulting in an inhibitory effect for both solutes. Co‐solubilization of FRM binary mixtures in SDS micelles often resulted in a synergistic increase in micellar solubility, possibly due to micellar swelling, thereby facilitating partitioning of additional solutes into the micelle. An inverse effect in which the micellar solubility of one solute increased, while the other decreased was observed in both surfactant systems with varying degrees of partitioning depending on the composition of the FRM mixture.The results of this study provide valuable insights into the impact of FRM composition on multi‐solute partitioning behaviour and the impact of surfactant type on co‐solubilization in micellar solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Incontinence‐associated dermatitis (IAD) is one of the most serious complications in older people with incontinence. Controlling urine property in absorbent pads could be effective for preventing IAD caused by bacterial urine. However, no animal model has been established to evaluate their effectiveness. This study aimed to induce IAD‐like skin changes using absorbent pads containing bacterial urine and to confirm their pathophysiology in rats. Hairless Wistar Yagi rats were divided into the bacteria‐containing urine (BU) and the bacteria‐free urine (U) groups. A 10‐h‐attachment of absorbent pads containing artificial urine with/without bacteria to the skin pretreated with sodium lauryl sulfate was performed repeatedly for 5 days. Macroscopic findings and skin barrier function were examined every day, and histological changes, inflammatory responses and bacterial quantification in tissue samples were examined on Day 5. The BU group exhibited significant skin redness from Day 3, significant elevation of transepidermal water loss from Day 1, and histological changes, including significantly thickened epidermis, abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and erythrocyte leakage. Inflammation, confirmed by higher myeloperoxidase‐positive cells, elevated tumour necrosis factor‐α expression, and vascular endothelial damage, indicated by CD31 and pentraxin 3‐positive cells, were observed in the BU group. The bacterial quantification showed no significant difference between the groups. IAD‐like skin changes including histological changes and inflammation were suggested to be caused by urine properties altered by bacteria. This study proposed a new animal model for evaluating the effectiveness of absorbent pads in controlling the urine properties of bacterial urine on preventing IAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of the copresence of ferrous (Fe2+) ions and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the activity of an amylase enzyme during the desizing of greige viscose fabric for potential industrial applications. The removal of starches is an essential step before processing the fabric for dyeing and finishing operations. The authors tend to accomplish it in eco-friendly and sustainable ways. Design/methodology/approach: The experiments were designed under the Taguchi approach, and the results were analyzed using grey relational analysis to optimize the process. The textile properties of absorbency, reducing sugars, bending length, weight loss, Tegawa rating and tensile strength were assessed using the standard protocols. The control and optimized viscose specimens were investigated for certain surface chemical properties using advanced analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Findings: The results demonstrate that the Fe2+ concentration and process time were the main influencing factors in the amylolytic desizing of viscose fabric. The optimized process conditions were found to be 0.1 mm Fe2+ ions, 3 mm SDS, 80°C, 7 pH and 30 min process time. The copresence of Fe2+ ions and SDS promoted the biodesizing of viscose fabric. The SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, XRD and TGA results demonstrated that the sizing agent has efficiently been removed from the fabric surface. Practical implications: The amylase desizing of viscose fabric in the presence of certain metal ions and surfactants is a significant subject as the enzyme may face them due to their prevalence in the water systems. This could also support the biodesizing and bioscouring operations to be done in one bath, thus making the textile pretreatment process both economical and environmentally sustainable. Originality/value: The authors found no report on the biodesizing of viscose fabric in the copresence of Fe2+ ions and the SDS surfactant under statistical multiresponse optimization. The biodesized viscose fabric has been investigated using both conventional and analytical approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Silk residue extractants was compared, vital for optimizing protein recovery and identification. • Calcium-alcohol solution is more efficient than other reagents for non-aged and aged silk residues. • The calcium-alcohol extraction process maintains a more favorable protein conformation. This paper investigates the effectiveness of five different types of extractants for unearthed silk fabric residues. Residual proteins are extracted from non-aged and thermally-aged samples, and the extraction efficiencies are quantified by the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is used for data processing, and sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy are adopted to characterize the influence of the extraction process on the protein structure. The results show that the extraction efficiency of the calcium-alcohol solution for all samples is significantly higher than that of the other four extractants. With longer aging time, the extraction efficiency of each extractant becomes lower, with copper-ethylenediamine (CED) being the least affected by aging. Furthermore, the lithium bromide (LiBr) and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) extraction processes exhibit the least effect on the molecular weight of the residual proteins in the non-aged samples. With increasing aging time, the influence of each extractant on the molecular weight of the residual proteins tends to be the same. The extraction process with calcium-alcohol solution retains more aromatic amino acid residues and yields proteins with a higher percentage of α-helic and random coil conformations. Therefore, it is more advantageous to use calcium-alcohol solution as an extractant for unearthed silk fabric residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effects of adding different types of arabinoxylans (AXs) to wheat flour with varying gluten strengths on flour quality and noodle‐making performance, with the aim of utilizing AXs as health‐enhanced ingredients. Three flours (Goso, Hojoong, and Joongmo) with low, medium, and high gluten strengths were used, along with two water‐extractable AXs (E1 and E2) and one water‐unextractable AX (U) with diverse molecular weights and viscosities. The addition of 2% AXs increased the water and sucrose solvent retention capacity values and decreased the gluten performance index values for all flours, with a notable effect on Goso flour by U. The dough development time was prolonged in all flours, necessitating more water for development. The sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume increased with the addition of AXs, especially with E2 and U. Pasting properties remained unaffected, suggesting a minimal impact on starch‐related properties. However, noodles made with E2 and U showed deteriorated quality in terms of fresh noodle texture, weight gain, cooking water turbidity, and cooked noodle texture, in contrast to noodles made with E1 alone. Additionally, adjusting the water amount when adding U altered the textural properties, approaching that of noodles without added AXs. Overall, the impact of AXs on flour and noodle quality varied depending on their molecular weights, viscosities, and the gluten strength of the flour. Additionally, AXs could be successfully utilized by adjusting the water amount for the production of health‐enhancing noodles. Practical Application: Arabinoxylans, as health‐promoting ingredients, can be utilized in noodle production by optimizing the water amount and mixing time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in yeast cells is maintained at a low level via the action of different transporters sequestrating these cations in the vacuole. Among them, the vacuolar Ca2+ ATPase Pmc1 crucially contributes to this process. Its inactivation in Ogataea yeasts was shown to cause sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) hypersensitivity that can be alleviated by the inactivation of the plasma membrane high-affinity Ca2+ channel Cch1. Here, we show that SDS at low concentrations induces a rapid influx of external Ca2+ into cells, while the plasma membrane remains impermeable for propidium iodide. The inactivation of Pmc1 disturbs efficient adaptation to this activity of SDS. The inactivation of Cch1 partially restores the ability of pmc1 mutant cells to cope with an increased [Ca2+]cyt that correlates with the suppression of SDS hypersensitivity. At the same time, Cch1 is unlikely to be directly involved in SDS-induced Ca2+ influx, since its inactivation does not decrease the amplitude of the rapid [Ca2+]cyt elevation in the pmc1-Δ mutant. The obtained data suggest that the effects of CCH1 inactivation on SDS sensitivity and coping with increased [Ca2+]cyt are related to an additional Cch1 function beyond its direct involvement in Ca2+ transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Sex hormone changes during menopausal transition contribute to declining skin health. However, how menopause and its treatment by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) impact the skin barrier and immune system is unclear. Objectives To examine how menopause and HRT affect the skin barrier and immune cell composition in postmenopausal women following irritant challenge. Methods Two cohorts of postmenopausal women were recruited to the study. The first cohort consisted of 10 untreated women [HRT–; mean (SEM) age 56.5 (1.6) years (range 48–63)] and the second was composed of 8 women receiving HRT [HRT+; mean (SEM) age 54.0 (2.1) years (range 48–63)]. Skin irritation was induced by applying topical sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 1.25% to occluded buttock skin for 48 h. Clinical assessment was conducted after 24 h, followed by biopsy of both SLS-challenged and unchallenged skin for analysis of skin barrier proteins and immune cell distribution using immunofluorescence. Results Clinically, there were no significant differences in skin irritant responses between those taking or not taking HRT (including increased skin redness and blood flow). In response to SLS challenge a significant increase in transepidermal water loss (P < 0.05), filaggrin deposition and cytokeratin 10 (K10)+ cell layers (P < 0.01) was observed in individuals receiving HRT compared with the HRT– group. Following SLS challenge in individuals taking HRT, a significant (P < 0.01) reduction in CD207+ cells in the epidermis was observed, accompanied by an increase of CD207+ cells in the dermis, indicative of migrating Langerhans cells (LCs). Significantly fewer migrating LCs were found in those who were not receiving HRT (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the numbers of dermal dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and CD11c+CD206– and CD68+CD206– subsets were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher in those taking HRT following SLS challenge. Conclusions Individuals receiving HRT displayed enhanced skin barrier response to SLS challenge with thicker filaggrin and increased K10+ epidermal cell layers. Following challenge, HRT users exhibited elevated LC, inflammatory DC and macrophage counts in the dermis. These may render skin both more prone to inflammation and more capable of resolving it, while also promoting skin repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Panax notoginseng (PNE) is a prominent traditional Chinese medicine with extensive beneficial effects on the immune system. However, the precise mechanism of PNE in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. Methods: We first used an extensive metabolomics approach utilizing UPLC-ESI-Q TRAP-MS/MS to identify the metabolite components of PNE aqueous extract. Moreover, the mechanism of PNE in treating IBD was investigated through in silico analysis including RNA-seq analysis, Network pharmacology and Molecular docking. Then a Drosophila toxin-induced intestinal inflammation model was employed to investigate further. Results: A total of 1,543 metabolites of PNE aqueous extract were characterized using UPLC-ESI-Q TRAP-MS/MS. In silico analyses showed that 97 IBD hub targets were targeted by 21 PNE ingredients. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results indicated that PNE may play an anti-IBD role through the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and other immune-related signaling pathways. Moreover, 11 top hits compounds of PNE show a good affinity binding to IBD targets. The experimental results demonstrated that PNE can effectively improve the survival rate of adult Drosophila while also inhibit the excessive proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells induced by sodium dodecyl sulfate. Furthermore, PNE notably lower the epithelial cell mortality, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the activation of oxidative stress-associated jun-Nterminal kinase (JNK) pathway. Conclusion: Our data suggests that PNE aqueous extract has a significant protective impact on the intestinal homeostasis of Drosophila. These findings establish a basis for utilizing PNE in clinical investigations and managing IBD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanofluids play an important role in machining processes for lubrication and cooling action. However, conventional fluids put the environment and operator health in risk due to its hazardous nature. This paper attempts to develop and characterize a novel sustainable and eco-friendly nanofluids for machining applications. In this study, deionized water-based Al2O3, TiO2 and MWCNT nanoparticles dispersed nanofluids and its hybrids Al2O3–TiO2 (50:50) and Al2O3-MWCNT (90:10) with varying concentration (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 vol%) having sodium lauryl sulfate as surfactant were developed and characterized for rheological, thermal and wettability properties at near room temperature. The experimental results show that nanofluid's thermophysical properties were better than the base fluid. The thermal conductivity of all the nanofluids produced in this study is more than 0.611238 W/m K which is more than the thermal conductivity for deionized water. Similarly, surface tension obtained for various nanofluids is comparatively lower than deionized water, i.e., 0.072 N/m. As the concentration of nanoparticles increases from 0.5 to 1.5 vol%, it leads to an increase in thermal conductivity, but the increase of nanoparticles concentration beyond 2% has a very minimal effect on thermal conductivity. The rate of transmittance % is as follows: 0.5 vol% > 1.0 vol% > 1.5 vol% > 2.0 vol%. It has been observed that zeta potential values are above ± 30 mV, thus indicating a stable formation of nanofluids due to non-agglomeration of nanoparticles. Hence, the following properties of nanofluids will help in high-speed machining applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the growing focus on daily hygiene practices, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a widely used surfactant, is increasingly found in domestic sewage and rainfall runoff. Upon entering the lake–terrestrial ecotone, SDS affects the composition, abundance, and functional capacity of soil bacterial communities due to its bacteriostatic properties. To investigate the effects of long-term discharge of sewage containing low concentrations of SDS on microorganisms in the lake–terrestrial ecotone, alterations in bacterial community structure, functional genes, and biomass were examined using a simulated continuous pollutant input. The results indicated the following: (1) The degradation rate of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by soil microorganisms in the lake–terrestrial ecotone under long-term and low concentrations of SDS stress ranged from 11 to 16 mg/kg·d. (2) The effects of low concentrations and long-term SDS stress on bacterial community structure and gene function in the lake–terrestrial ecotone differed significantly from those of short-term pollution. The damage to microbial-promoted material cycling in the lake–terrestrial ecotone was more severe; however, the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria remained continuously suppressed. (3) Soil bacteria in the lake–terrestrial ecotone responded to the stress of long-term and low concentrations of SDS primarily by enhancing chemotaxis and tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mining of molybdenum and uranium ores inevitably results in the generation of large volumes of wastewater containing low concentrations of metals, which poses significant threats to the environment. This study presents a novel precipitation–flotation process for the simultaneous separation of molybdenum and uranium from wastewater. A systematic investigation was conducted on the impacts of the type of precipitant, flotation reagent type, and flotation parameters on the experimental results. Ferric salt served better as a precipitant than aluminum salt and humic acid did, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was more suitable than sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate for acting as a surfactant and foaming agent. Under specific conditions, including a pH of 6.6, an Fe3+ dosage of 0.6 mmol·L−1, an SDS dosage of 40 mg·L−1, an air flow rate of 25 mL·min−1, and a flotation time of 10 min, the removal efficiencies of molybdenum and uranium reached 96.6% and 93.6%, respectively. After flotation, the molybdenum concentration, uranium concentration, chemical oxygen demand, and turbidity of the treated water all meet the emission standards. Furthermore, the metal removal mechanisms, including the particle size distribution, functional group structure, surface element composition, microstructure, and element distribution, were elucidated on the basis of characterization of the precipitation–flotation products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prohibitins Phb1 and Phb2 assemble at the mitochondrial inner membrane to form a multi-dimeric complex. These scaffold proteins are highly conserved in eukaryotic cells, from yeast to mammals, and have been implicated in a variety of mitochondrial functions including aging, proliferation, and degenerative and metabolic diseases. In mammals, PHB2 regulates PINK1-PRKN mediated mitophagy by interacting with lipidated MAP1LC3B/LC3B. Despite their high conservation, prohibitins have not been linked to mitophagy in budding yeasts. In this study, we demonstrate that both Phb1 and Phb2 are required to sustain mitophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Prohibitin-dependent mitophagy requires formation of the Phb1-Phb2 complex and a conserved AIM/LIR-like motif identified in both yeast prohibitins. Furthermore, both Phb1 and Phb2 interact and exhibit mitochondrial colocalization with Atg8. Interestingly, we detected a basal C terminus processing of the mitophagy receptor Atg32 that depends on the presence of the i-AAA Yme1. In the absence of prohibitins this processing is highly enhanced but reverted by the inactivation of the rhomboid protease Pcp1. Together our results revealed a novel role of yeast prohibitins in mitophagy through its interaction with Atg8 and regulating an Atg32 proteolytic event. Abbreviation: AIM/LIR: Atg8-family interacting motif/LC3-interacting region; ANOVA: analysis of variance; ATG/Atg: autophagy related; C terminus/C-terminal: carboxyl terminus/carboxyl-terminal; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HA: human influenza hemagglutinin; Idh1: isocitrate dehydrogenase 1; MAP1C3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; mCh: mCherry; MIM: mitochondrial inner membrane; MOM: mitochondrial outer membrane; N starvation: nitrogen starvation; N terminus: amino terminus; PARL: presenilin associated rhomboid like; Pcp1: processing of cytochrome c peroxidase 1; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PGAM5: PGAM family member 5 mitochondrial serine/threonine protein phosphatase; PHBs/Phb: prohibitins; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PMSF: phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; SD: synthetic defined medium; SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate; SMD-N: synthetic defined medium lacking nitrogen; WB: western blot; WT: wild type; Yme1: yeast mitochondrial escape 1; YPD: yeast extract-peptone-dextrose medium; YPLac: yeast extract-peptone-lactate medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminum is a prevalent element in nature, but bioavailable forms of aluminum are toxic to plants, animals, and humans. The present study is dedicated to the development of an ecologically friendly, fast, simple, reliable, sensitive, and accurate improved procedure for the determination of subtrace concentrations of bioavailable forms of aluminum in natural waters. The procedure includes the separation and pre-concentration of bioavailable forms of aluminum using vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (VALLME) of ionic associates with salicylaldehyde 4-picolinhydrazone (SAPH) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (DDSNa) by isoamylacetate (200 μl) and direct electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ET AAS). The SAPH reagent interacts only with water-soluble forms of aluminum. SAPH is used for the pre-concentration of bioavailable forms of aluminum as well as a chemical modifier; it increases the absorbance and the precision of the analytical signal of aluminum. The calibration curve shows the linear dependence in the range of 0.05–86 μg⋅L−1 of the aluminum concentration (R2 = 0.992), with the limit of detection at 0.015 μg⋅L−1 and the limit of quantification at 0.05 μg⋅L−1. The accuracy of the proposed procedure for bioavailable forms of aluminum determination was verified on model solutions and against a reference method on natural samples of river and lake waters (RSD 3.2–5.2%, recovery 97.1–103.4%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Results Conclusion Kenaf seeds are a rich source of protein; however, finding the best extraction method is crucial to obtaining high‐quality protein from these underutilized seeds. This research devised an optimized extraction process for best recovery of kenaf seeds protein using response surface methodology. The key parameters affecting the yield and protein content were optimized, including extraction pH (2–11), seed:water ratio (5:1–50:1), temperature (30–90 °C), and duration (20–360 min). The physicochemical and techno‐functional properties of kenaf seed protein isolates (KSPIs) were examined.A maximum protein yield of 12.05 g/100 g with purity level 91.94 g/100 g was obtained using an optimized extraction with pH 11.0, seed:water ratio 50:1, 360 min duration, and temperature 50 °C. The oil and water retention capacities of KSPI were 1.14 mL g−1 and 1.37 mL g−1 respectively. After 30 min at pH 7, KSPIs demonstrated remarkable emulsion capacity (83.12%) and stability (75.63%), along with high foaming capacity (106%) and stability (18.3%). As per high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis, arginine, glutamic acid, leucine, phenylalanine, and lysine were the most abundant amino acids detected in KPSIs. The KSPIs’ globular protein structure was successfully verified using analytical approaches, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, protein fraction ratios, and differential scanning calorimetry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that KPSI has a molecular weight distribution ranging from 10 kDa to 50 kDa.The results of this study support the application of the proposed response‐surface‐methodology‐optimized extraction method for efficient recovery of high‐quality kenaf seed proteins that meet the necessary physicochemical and techno‐functional requirements. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis research reveals an innovative way of finding the ultimate time of ultrasonication that offers photothermal capability across carbon black (CB) water nanofluids, a great contribution to the field of solar energy absorption and nanofluid technology. The samples were generated using a two-step procedure with varying ultrasonication periods employed, ranging from 15 to 120 minutes, in concentrations of 0.005 wt% CB nanoparticles and 0.005 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant. Thirty days after preparation visible observation and UV spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, and particle size distribution were used to confirm the samples’ stability. The stability properties results demonstrated the beneficial effects of ultrasonication on the dispersion properties of nanofluids. Ultrasonication of less than 30 minutes resulted in the early sedimentation of nanoparticles. According to the results, the investigated nanofluids have high photothermal conversion capability with ultrasonication time. According to the findings, 30 minutes is the “optimal” ultrasonic duration to maximize photothermal conversion efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the structuring sodium tungstate with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) in water and characterizing the resulting products post-destabilization with hydrochloric acid and calcination. Utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), fluorescence spectroscopy with a pyrene probe, conductivity, and pH analyses, the study elucidates the system's structure and interactions. SDS serves as a structuring agent for tungstate anions in water, with sulphate anions interacting with tungsten d-orbitals. The presence of SDS significantly influences final structures after calcination. Higher precursor/structuring agent ratios result in higher proportion of tungsten oxide, alongside Na 2 W 2 O 7 and Na 2 W 4 O 13. Varying calcination temperatures yield different crystal structures and morphologies, including flower petals and roses at 500 °C and nanorods at 700 °C. These findings shed light on material structuring processes. The obtained materials exhibit to utilize solar radiation for chemical reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes in which neurodegeneration has been recently identified as a driving force. In the last years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and neurotrophins like Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), have garnered significant attention as innovative therapeutic approaches targeting DR-associated neurodegeneration. However, delivering neurotrophic factors directly in the eye remains a challenge. Hence, this study evaluated the effects of MSCs from human amniotic fluids (hAFSCs) and recombinant human NGF (rhNGF) delivered by human corneal lenticule (hCL) on a high glucose (HG) induced ex vivo model simulating the molecular mechanisms driving DR. Methods: Porcine neuroretinal explants exposed to HG (25 mM for four days) were used to mimic DR ex vivo. hCLs collected from donors undergoing refractive surgery were decellularized using 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and then bioengineered with hAFSCs, microparticles loaded with rhNGF (rhNGF-PLGA-MPs), or both simultaneously. Immunofluorescence (IF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed to confirm the hCLs bioengineering process. To assess the effects of hAFSCs and rhNGF, bioengineered hCLs were co-cultured with HG-treated neuroretinal explants and following four days RT-PCR and cytokine array experiments for inflammatory, oxidative, apoptotic, angiogenic and retinal cells markers were performed. Results: Data revealed that HG-treated neuroretinal expiants exhibit a characteristic DR-phenotype, including increased level of NF-kB, NOS2, NRF2 GFAP, VEGFA, Bax/Bcl2 ratio and decreased expression of TUBB3 and Rho. Then, the feasibility to bioengineer decellularized hCLs with hAFSCs and rhNGF was demonstrated. Interestingly, co-culturing hAFSCs- and rhNGF- bioengineered hCLs with HG-treated neuroretinal explants for four days significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory, oxidative, apoptotic, angiogenic and increased retinal markers. Conclusion: Overall, we found for the first time that hAFSCs and rhNGF were able to modulate the molecular mechanisms involved in DR and that bioengineered hCLs represents a promising ocular drug delivery system of hAFSCs and rhNGF for eye diseases treatment. In addition, results demonstrated that porcine neuroretinal explants treated with HG is a useful model to reproduce ex vivo the DR pathophysiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: The precise syntheses of transition–rare‐earth metal clusters with desired structures remain a great challenge. Herein, by utilizing SO42– anion released by in‐situ decomposition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a template, a series of novel high‐nuclearity 3d‐4f clusters, formulated as [Ni24Pr22(μ3‐OH)31(pida)24(SO4)4(NO3)9(CH3COO)3]·Br4·(NO3)11·16H2O·25CH3OH (1, H2pida = N‐phenyliminodiacetic acid), [Ni24Nd22(μ3‐OH)31(pida)24(SO4)4(NO3)9(CH3COO)3]·Br4·(NO3)11·14H2O·24CH3OH (2) and [Ni24Gd22(μ3‐OH)36(bida)24(SO4)7(NO3)3(CH3COO)3]·(SO4)·Br4·(NO3)4·31H2O·32CH3OH (3, H2bida = N‐benzyliminodiacetic acid), have been successfully isolated. X‐ray crystal structure analyses reveal that all the cationic {Ni24RE22} cores in 1—3 possess a ball‐like structure with C3v symmetry, and can be viewed as consisting of an inner {RE22} core and an outer {Ni24} shell. From 1 and 2 to 3, due to the lanthanide contraction effect, the coordination numbers for rare‐earth metal centers in {RE22} are different, resulting in different number of SO42– and NO3– anions to support and stabilize the skeleton structures. Meanwhile, the magnetic properties of complexes 1—3 were also studied. The result revealed that complexes 1—3 show antiferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic interactions, and 3 exhibits magneto‐caloric effect at ultralow temperatures with a maximum –ΔSm (magnetic entropy change) value of 33.03 J·kg−1·K−1 at 3.0 K and 7 T. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Restoring the function of the ovary is important for chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure (COF) patients. Stem cell and extracellular vesicles (EVs) therapy show promise but need further improvement. Methods: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were primarily cultured and further three-dimensional (3D) cultured using an ultra-low attachment surface method. The expression levels of nutritional cytokines and immunomodulatory and stemness-related genes of 3D-cultured hUC-MSCs were analyzed. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized. Ovaries were decellularized with sodium dodecyl sulfate to obtain extracellular matrix (ECM). Lyophilized EVs from three-dimensional (2D) or 3D hUC-MSCs were mixed with ECM to prepare the 2D/3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gels. The therapeutic effect of the MSC-EVs-ECM gel on cyclophosphamide (CTX) -treated rats was analyzed through various tests. RNA sequencing was used to analyze the expression changes of genes before and after treatment. Results: After culturing in ultra-low attachment dishes, hUC-MSCs aggregated into spheroids and significantly upregulated the expression levels of immunomodulatory and stemness-related genes. The total EVs yield was also upregulated (5.6-fold) after 3D culture. The cell viability of CTX-treated ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) was significantly rescued by coculture with the 3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel. Hormones indicative of ovarian function, AMH, E2, and FSH, were recovered in both the CTX + 2D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel group and the CTX + 3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel group, while the apoptosis-related protein Bax was significantly downregulated. The 3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel was more effective than the 2D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel. Significantly differentially expressed genes, such as Hbb-b1, Gpd1, and Sirpa, were detected by RNA sequencing. Hbb-b1 was increased in the ovaries of CTX-treated rats, and this increase was attenuated by injecting the 2D/3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel. Gpd1 was increased after CTX treatment, and this increase was reversed by the 3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel. Sirpa was decreased in the ovaries of CTX-treated rats, and this decrease was attenuated by injecting the 3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the 3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel is an efficient strategy for the recovery of ovarian function in CTX-induced ovarian failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increasing demand for natural gas, solidified natural gas (SNG) technology provides an attractive option for natural gas storage and transportation. However, the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to promote hydrate formation will have a negative impact on the environment. To overcome this difficulty, the compounding system of environmentally friendly additives with SDS was intended to find the synergistic promotion effects aiming to reduce the usage of SDS in this study. Three kinds of cyclodextrins including αCD, βCD, hydroxypropyl-βCD (HPCD) with SDS were compounded to study the effect of their interaction on hydrate formation kinetics. The result showed that when used with SDS, the formation of hydrates was promoted by αCD and βCD but inhibited by HPCD. It is emphasized that the promoting effect depended on the water channel (completely hydrophilic zones) formed by H-bonds between cyclodextrin and SDS self-assembled channel-type complexes. Compared with 500 ppm SDS used along, it was possible to reduce the dosage of SDS by 40%. Finally, by observing the morphology of hydrate formation, it is found that the addition of cyclodextrins would affect the driving force for hydrate growth in the horizontal direction during hydrate formation. This study provides theoretical support for further understanding of cyclodextrin and surfactant compounding and shows an effective way for the application of SNG industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An operationally simple, cost-effective, and environmentally benign method has been described for the synthesis of various polysubstituted benzoxanthenes via L-proline-catalyzed three-component condensation of β-naphthol, aromatic aldehydes, dimedone, or 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in aqueous medium. This process has additional benefits such as simple product isolation and purification techniques, good to higher yields, and above all, efficient catalyst reusability. The addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate is an extra benefit to speed up this reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: The precise syntheses of transition–rare‐earth metal clusters with desired structures remain a great challenge. Herein, by utilizing SO42– anion released by in‐situ decomposition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a template, a series of novel high‐nuclearity 3d‐4f clusters, formulated as [Ni24Pr22(μ3‐OH)31(pida)24(SO4)4(NO3)9(CH3COO)3]·Br4·(NO3)11·16H2O·25CH3OH (1, H2pida = N‐phenyliminodiacetic acid), [Ni24Nd22(μ3‐OH)31(pida)24(SO4)4(NO3)9(CH3COO)3]·Br4·(NO3)11·14H2O·24CH3OH (2) and [Ni24Gd22(μ3‐OH)36(bida)24(SO4)7(NO3)3(CH3COO)3]·(SO4)·Br4·(NO3)4·31H2O·32CH3OH (3, H2bida = N‐benzyliminodiacetic acid), have been successfully isolated. X‐ray crystal structure analyses reveal that all the cationic {Ni24RE22} cores in 1—3 possess a ball‐like structure with C3v symmetry, and can be viewed as consisting of an inner {RE22} core and an outer {Ni24} shell. From 1 and 2 to 3, due to the lanthanide contraction effect, the coordination numbers for rare‐earth metal centers in {RE22} are different, resulting in different number of SO42– and NO3– anions to support and stabilize the skeleton structures. Meanwhile, the magnetic properties of complexes 1—3 were also studied. The result revealed that complexes 1—3 show antiferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic interactions, and 3 exhibits magneto‐caloric effect at ultralow temperatures with a maximum –ΔSm (magnetic entropy change) value of 33.03 J·kg−1·K−1 at 3.0 K and 7 T. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND RESULTS CONCLUSION Natural polyphenols offer a safer alternative to synthetic antioxidants in meat products. This study investigated the efficacy of green tea and black tea extracts as natural antioxidants in Cantonese sausages to inhibit lipid and protein oxidation.Sausages were prepared with the addition of different concentrations – 100, 300, and 600 mg kg−1 total polyphenols (TP) – of green tea or black tea extract. Oxidation of the sausages was assessed through thiobarbituric acid reactants, carbonyl content, and thiol content, whereas consumer acceptability was evaluated based on texture, color, and sensory analysis. The tea extracts inhibited malondialdehyde production and reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance value from 23.72 mmol MDA g−1 to less than 1.94 mmol MDA g−1. However, the addition of tea extracts decreased the thiol content and caused the loss of myosin heavy chain and actin bonds in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Although the addition of tea extracts increased the redness and hardness of the sausage, no significant difference in consumer acceptance between the control and treatment groups was observed in the sensory analysis.The tea extract inhibited the oxidation of lipids in Cantonese sausage. There was no negative effect on the sensory characteristics of sausages. The use of tea extracts as natural antioxidants in Cantonese sausage is therefore feasible. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This document presents a study on the ultrasensitive detection of pathological protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The study focuses on a reagent called Brij-58, which enhances the seed amplification assay (SAA) without inhibiting it. The researchers found that Brij-58 significantly increased the sensitivity of detecting TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) seed fibrils in patient-derived brain tissues. The study suggests that Brij-58 has the potential to be used in the early diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research is needed to apply these findings in clinical practice. [Extracted from the article]

Ordered macroporous silica particles as a photomaterial transparent solid matrix were synthesized from sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) as a silica source and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS, an anionic surfactant), as a template to form pores via the consecutive sol–gel spray drying. The investigation is carried out in two stages, (1) controlling the particle morphology to obtain a spherical shape and (2) controlling the pore structure. The concentrations of the SiO2 precursor, carrier gas flow rate, feeding rate, and drying temperature were varied to identify their effects on particle morphology. Spherical and donut-shaped particle morphologies are more prominent when these parameters are used. On the other hand, the addition of SLS to the SiO2 precursor resulted in controlled macroporous silica particles, depending on the SLS concentration. The deposition of ZnO quantum dots (QDs) on the silica surface stabilizes the optical properties of ZnO by increasing the intensity of photoluminescence (PL) emission and demonstrating excitation-wavelength-dependent photoluminescence. The ZnO/SiO2 composite particles demonstrated the highest PL intensity with the use of 1 CMC SLS addition and a ZnO concentration of 25% mol, which was almost 30,000 times greater than that of pure ZnO particles. Therefore, an even distribution of ZnO QDs on the silica surface, which is influenced by the silica morphology and its ZnO concentration ratio, can minimize ZnO QDs agglomeration, directly reducing its functional characteristics as a photomaterial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D transition metal dichalcogenide materials have attracted increasing attention as active surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platforms. In this study, the influence of n‐ and p‐type doping of exfoliated MoS2 (exMoS2) hybrids on the SERS performance is investigated, employing Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a probe molecule. It is demonstrated that n‐doped exMoS2 hybrids (exMoS2 mixed with C60, graphene, and sodium dodecyl sulfate) exhibit enhanced SERS intensities, while p‐doping (exMoS2 mixed with TCNQ) resulted in inhibited SERS enhancement. A key discovery is the linear relationship between Raman enhancement of MoS2/dopant hybrids and the difference in their LUMO energy levels, which dictate the degree and direction of charge transfer. Interestingly, MC60‐4, a C60‐doped hybrid, deviates from the linear relationship, displaying remarkable SERS enhancement owing to its chemical interaction and unique Raman scattering activity. The findings provide critical insights into the SERS enhancement behavior of doped MoS2, facilitating precise tuning of SERS intensities by manipulating the MoS2 doping state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small intestine perforation is a serious medical condition that requires immediate medical attention. The traditional course of treatment entails resection followed by anastomosis; however, it has complications such as small bowel syndrome (SBS), anastomotic leakage, and fistula formation. Here, a novel strategy is demonstrated, that utilizes the xenogeneic, decellularized goat small intestine as a patch for small intestine regeneration in cases of intestinal perforation. The goat small intestine scaffold underwent sodium dodecyl sulfate decellularization, which revealed consistent, quick, and effective decellularization. Decellularization contributed the least amount of extracellular matrix degradation while maintaining the intestinal architecture. By implanting the decellularized goat small intestine scaffolds (DGSIS) on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), no discernible loss of angiogenesis was seen in the CAM region, and this enabled the DGSIS to be evaluated for biocompatibility in ovo. The DGSIS was then xeno-transplanted as a patch on a small intestine perforation rat model. After 30 days post transplant, barium salt used as contrast gastrointestinal X-ray imaging revealed no leakage or obstruction in the small intestine. Histology, scanning electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry assisted in analyzing the engraftment of host cells into the xeno patch. The xeno-patch expressed high levels of E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Occludin, Zonnula occluden (ZO-1), Ki 67, and Na+/K+-ATPase. The xeno-patch was consequently recellularized and incorporated into the host without causing an inflammatory reaction. As an outcome, decellularized goat small intestine was employed as a xenograft and could be suitable for regeneration of the perforated small intestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to develop nanosuspensions (NSs) of cyclosporine A (CycA) using a top-down technology [high-pressure homogenization-(HPH)] for oral administration. Materials and Methods: Formulas were prepared using different ratios of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (1% and 0.5%) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (1%) to improve the solubility of CycA. The HPH method was optimized by investigating the effects of critical formulation parameters (stabilizer ratio) and critical process parameters (number of homogenization cycles) on the particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) of NS using the Design of Experiment (DoE). After lyophilization, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and morphological evaluation with scanning electron microscopy were performed. Stability studies were conducted at 4°C and 25°C storage conditions. The solubility of the optimum CycA NS was investigated by comparing it with a coarse CycA powder and a physical mixture (PM). In vitro dissolution studies were conducted in four media using United States Pharmacopeia apparatus I. Results: PS, PDI, and ZP values for the NS were approximately 250 nm, 0.6, and 35 mV, respectively. Under storage conditions, the CycA NS exhibited significant physical stability at both 4°C and 25°C for 9 months. The solubility of CycA was improved 1.9 and 1.4 times by NS in the presence of CycA powder and PM, respectively. CycA NS exhibited higher dissolution than CycA coarse powder in 0.1 N HCl, fasted simulated intestinal fluid, and fed simulated intestinal fluid. Conclusion: CycA NS was successfully developed using the DoE approach with the HPH method with HPMC:SDS combination in a 1:0.5 ratio, and the solubility and dissolution of CycA in the NS were improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: As one of the antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) has an important role in the defense system of plants against environmental stresses and is effective in regulating the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in plant cells. APX decomposes hydrogen peroxide in order to prevent plant damage. During various environmental stresses, antioxidant enzymes such as APX increase in different plant parts such as fruit. Of course, the rate of biosynthesis of this antioxidant enzyme depends on the intensity and duration of stress in the plant. Considering the importance of the presence of this enzyme in plant structures, this study was conducted to investigate the maximum activity of ascorbate peroxidase enzyme at different levels of surfactants and chaotropes. Materials and Methods: This research was carried out in the research laboratory of Payam Noor University of Kurdistan. In order to prepare the extract from strawberries and blackberries, in the presence of 0.1 M citratephosphate buffer with pH 7 and 0.02 phenylmethanesulfonylfluoride solution as a protease inhibitor, the fruits were homogenized separately. To investigate the effect of different ionic and non-ionic surfactants as well as chaotropes from 0 to 1 sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS (ionic surfactant), 0 to 30 sodium-cholate (ionic surfactant), 0 to 0.3 sarcosyl (ionic surfactant) 0 to 0.07 Tween 20 and Tween 80 (nonionic surfactant) and 0 to 30 urea and guanidine hydrochloride (chaotropic agents) were used and the activity of ST.APX and BM.APX was measured. Also in the presence of constant concentrations of ascorbate and H2O2, the type of APX inhibition was determined by kojic acid. In order to determine the best response of ascorbate peroxidase activity to different levels of the studied treatments, linear and non-linear regression analysis was used. To fit the non-linear regression models, the procedure of Procnlin was used in the software environment (SAS) using the iterative optimization method and GraphPadPrism software. Results: Based on the results of this research, for the ascorbate substrate used in the APX measurement in the extracts prepared from strawberry (ST.APX) and blackberry (BM.APX), the optimal pH is 6.7 and the catalytic efficiency of BM.APX, is about 1.6 times higher than ST.APX was obtained. With the increase of ascorbate concentration in constant concentration of H2O2, the activity of BM.APX and ST.APX increases, so that the highest level of activity of both plant 0.5 units per mg of protein. A further increase in substrate concentration was associated with substrate inhibition of BM.APX and ST.APX. The activity curve of APX in both plant species is hyperbolic, which follows the Michaelis-Menten kinetics, which indicates the high tendency of the enzyme to consume ascorbate. The activity of ST.APX and BM.APX is inhibited by kojic acid and it is non-competitive in both. Among the used chaotropes and surfactants, only SDS activated the activity of ST.APX and BM.APX, and the activities of ST.APX and BM.APX showed different sensitivities to the surfactants, chaotropes and kojic acid. Despite the fact that BM.APX showed higher activity than ST.APX in the presence of ascorbate and SDS, in the presence of other factors, the rate of inhibition of BM.APX was higher than ST.APX and showed higher percentages of inhibition. Urea and guanidine hydrochloride as reducing agents showed an inhibitory role on ST.APX and BM.APX. The activity of APX The results also showed that the activity of ST.APX and BM.APX was inhibited by kojic acid and it was non-competitive in both. Among the chaotropes and surfactants used, only SDS activated the activity of ST.APX and BM.APX and its maximum effect occurred at a concentration of 0.2 mM. On the other hand, in other factors, the rate of inhibition and reduction of BM.APX activity was higher than ST.APX, and with the exception of ascorbate peroxidase response to kojic acid and sodium calate in strawberry, the enzyme response followed a monophasic decreasing exponential. Conclusion: In this research, ascorbate peroxidase takes a more active form by following Michaelis Menten's kinetics and binding the substrate to the active site of the enzyme, and by performing enzyme catalysis, it causes ascorbate consumption in strawberries and blackberries. Ionic surfactants with an activation mechanism such as SDS and an inhibitory mechanism such as sarkosyl and sodium cholate have different effects on ascorbate peroxidase. Non-ionic surfactants such as kojic acid and chaotrope agents reduce the activity of ascorbate peroxidase in both plant species. The position of kojic acid is different from the position of ascorbate due to the non-competitive type of inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While spray-drying has been widely utilized to improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs, the outcomes often exhibit suboptimal particle size distribution and large particle sizes, limiting their effectiveness. In this study, we introduce electrostatic spraying as an advanced technology tailored for poorly water-soluble drugs, enabling the fabrication of nanoparticles with fine and uniform particle size distribution. Regorafenib (1 g), as a model drug, copovidone (5 g), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.1 g) were dissolved in 200 ml ethanol and subjected to conventional-spray-dryer and electrostatic spray dryer. The electrostatic spray-dried nanoparticles (ESDN) showed smaller particle sizes with better uniformity compared to conventional spray-dried nanoparticles (CSDN). ESDN demonstrated significantly enhanced solubility and rapid release in water. In vitro studies revealed that ESDN induced apoptosis in HCT-116 cells to a greater extent, exhibiting superior cytotoxicity compared to CSDN. Furthermore, ESDN substantially improved oral bioavailability and antitumor efficacy compared to CSDN. These findings suggest that ESD shows potential in developing enhanced drug delivery systems for poorly water-soluble drugs, effectively addressing the limitations associated with CSD methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural gas foam flooding has good fluid control and formation blockage capabilities, but the high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-salinity environment puts forward higher requirements for the comprehensive performance of natural gas foam. The impact of different gas types on the overall performance of the foam system was evaluated via a high-temperature, high-pressure visual foam stirrer. It is found that nitrogen foam systems have strong stability but weak foaming ability, while carbon dioxide foam systems exhibit strong foaming ability but poor stability. The methane foam system showed relatively better and balanced foaming ability and stability, making it more suitable to oil fields. Ten surfactants were screened and the results indicated that α-olefin sodium sulfonate (AOS14, AOS12) and sodium dodecyl sulfate formed natural gas foam systems with better overall performance with methane. The effects of temperature, pressure, surfactant concentration, and foam stabilizers on the comprehensive performance of the methane-AOS14 foam system were investigated. With increase in the surfactant concentration, the foaming ability and stability of the methane-AOS14 foam system first increase and then decrease. Higher temperatures reduced the viscosity of the surfactant solution and decreased the interfacial tension between solution molecules, weakening the overall performance. Increased pressure facilitated the generation of denser foam with smaller diameters, slowing the liquid loss from foam films and enhancing the overall performance. Under high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-salinity conditions, polymer-based foam stabilizers enhanced the stability of the methane-AOS14 foam system by forming a spatial network structure on the foam film, with higher molecular weight yielding better effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) relies on a non-polar stationary phase and a more polar hydro-organic mobile phase, where compound retention is primarily governed by hydrophobicity, with more hydrophobic compounds being retained longer. The introduction of secondary equilibria in the chromatographic system through additives, such as anionic surfactants and ionic liquids (ILs), was proposed to mitigate ionic interactions between positively charged analytes and the anionic free silanol groups in non-endcapped stationary phases, thereby preventing increased retention and peak tailing. Additionally, the combined hydrophobic and ionic interactions between cationic analytes and the ions in these additives was demonstrated to create mixed retention mechanisms that influence retention and selectivity. In this regard, this study investigates aqueous chromatographic systems incorporating both the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and the IL 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as mobile phase reagents. This combination of reagents modulates the retention, eliminating the need for organic solvents and resulting in highly sustainable HPLC procedures. The chromatographic behavior was assessed using two different C18 columns (Zorbax Eclipse and XTerra-MS). The strength of solute interactions was estimated by calculating equilibrium parameters and the contributions of hydrophobic and ionic interactions through simple mathematical models. Focusing on the retention of six basic drugs (β-adrenoceptor antagonists), the study highlighted the significant role of ionic interactions. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using aqueous systems combining SDS and an IL for the efficient separation of moderately polar basic compounds without the use of organic solvents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]