929 results on '"SPF"'
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2. Development and evaluation of quercetin topical emulgels: Physicochemical and rheological properties, stability and sun protective potential
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Milutinov, Jovana, Krstonošić, Veljko, Ćirin, Dejan, Hadnađev, Miroslav, Đanić, Maja, and Pavlović, Nebojša
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- 2025
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Catalog
3. Application habits and practices of regular sunscreen users in the United States: Results of an online survey
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Norman, Kimberly G., Loretz, Linda, Kowcz, Alexandra, Kaufman, Lewis E., Ruvolo, Eduardo, Traudt, Michael, Santos, Idalina, RoseMansfield, Rachel, and Nash, J Frank
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- 2023
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4. Plant-Based Sunscreen Emulgel: UV Boosting Effect of Bilberry and Green Tea NaDES Extracts.
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Martinović, Milica, Nešić, Ivana, Bojović, Dragica, Žugić, Ana, Blagojević, Slavica, Blagojević, Stevan, and Tadić, Vanja M.
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CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE ,IMPACT (Mechanics) ,TEA extracts ,GREEN tea ,BILBERRY ,XANTHAN gum - Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) were employed for the extraction of bilberry and green tea leaves. This study explored the incorporation of these NaDES extracts into various carrier systems: hydrogels, emulsions, and emulgels stabilized with hydroxyethyl cellulose or xanthan gum. The results demonstrated that, when combined with synthetic UV filters, the NaDES extracts significantly enhanced the SPF and improved the antioxidant properties of the formulation. Although NaDES extracts cannot fully replace synthetic UV filters (homosalate, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, and benzophenone-4), they can serve as effective UV boosters, significantly enhancing the SPFs of formulations containing UV filters. Hence, the SPF of the formulation could be improved without increasing the concentrations of synthetic filters. Moreover, NaDES extracts, unlike UV filters, significantly increased the antioxidant potential of the formulations. Among the carriers, hydrogels with xanthan gum and emulgels with hydroxyethyl cellulose achieved the highest SPFs when containing both NaDES extracts and synthetic filters. A texture analysis further revealed that the NaDES extracts positively impacted the mechanical properties of the formulations by increasing their cohesiveness, thus enhancing their physical stability under mechanical pressure. These findings pave the way for further research into NaDES-based formulations, including in vivo testing, to optimize and confirm their efficacy on human skin and validate NaDES extracts as eco-friendly ingredients in cosmetics, with antioxidant and UV boosting potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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5. Screening of a Soil Tyrosianse Producing Bacterial Strain HM24 and Comparison of its Tyrosinase Activity in Different Mediums Containing Natural Sources of L-tyrosine
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Seyed Muhammad Hamid Malekpour, Moj Khaleghi, and Alireza Akhtarpour
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actinobacteria ,antioxidant ,l-tyrosine ,spf ,tyrosinase ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Tyrosinases are essential enzymes with diverse applications, such as breaking down phenolic compounds and producing melanin. Actinobacteria are one of the most notable tyrosinase producers. This study investigated tyrosinase-producing actinobacterial strains and evaluated enzyme activity in different sources of L-tyrosine. Twenty strains were isolated from the soil of Langar, Kerman, Iran, with characteristics of actinobacteria (gram-positive filamentous or rod-shaped bacteria and powdery consistency colonies that stick firmly to agar surface). All strains were cultured in a medium with L-tyrosine to assess tyrosinase production. The best tyrosinase-producing strain was selected based on dark-colored colony formation. Also, enzyme activity was evaluated in the four mediums with different L-tyrosine sources (Tyrosine, Glucose-Yeast-Peptone (GYP), Soybean, and Peanut). On the other, the pigment produced by actinobacteria was investigated for significant properties such as Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the HM24 strain is the best strain for producing tyrosinase. The results showed that the HM24 strain was the best tyrosinase-producing strain, and the most enzyme activity was in the peanut medium as well as in the soybean meal substrate. According to the 16S rRNA sequencing, the HM24 strain belonged to the genus Microbacterium with 99.97% identity. The pigment produced by HM24 demonstrated an SPF of 134.36 and a 69% DPPH reduction, which indicated strong antioxidant activity. These findings underscore the significant potential of actinobacterial strains in various industrial applications. Considering the production of tyrosinase enzyme by strain HM24, its ability to efficiently utilize natural L-tyrosine sources, and the biological properties of the resulting pigment, this strain holds significant potential for applications in various industrial processes. more...
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- 2024
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6. The Potential of Natural Compounds in UV Protection Products.
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Milutinov, Jovana, Pavlović, Nebojša, Ćirin, Dejan, Atanacković Krstonošić, Milica, and Krstonošić, Veljko
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SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) , *CONTACT dermatitis , *SKIN aging , *FERULIC acid , *ULTRAVIOLET radiation - Abstract
Overexposure to ultraviolet radiation mainly leads to skin disorders (erythema, burns, immunosuppression), skin aging, and skin cancer as the most serious side effect. It has been widely accepted that using sunscreen products is an important way to protect against the harmful effects of UV rays. Although commercial sunscreens have constantly changed and improved over time, there are emerging concerns about the safety of conventional, organic, UV filters due to adverse effects on humans (such as photoallergic dermatitis, contact sensitivity, endocrine-disrupting effects, etc.) as well as accumulation in the environment and aquatic organisms. This is why natural compounds are increasingly being investigated and used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical sunscreens. Some of these compounds are widely available, non-toxic, safer for use, and have considerable UV protective properties and less side effects. Plant-based compounds such as flavonoids can absorb UVA and UVB rays and possess antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects that contribute to photoprotection. Apart from flavonoids, other natural products such as certain vegetable oils, carotenoids, stilbenes, and ferulic acid also have UV-absorbing properties. Some vitamins might also be beneficial for skin protection due to their antioxidant activity. Therefore, the aim of this research was to gain insight into the potential of natural compounds to replace or reduce the amount of conventional UV filters, based on recent research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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7. Encapsulation of Microalgae Tisochrysis lutea Extract in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) and Evaluation of Their Sunscreen, Wound Healing, and Skin Hydration Properties.
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Chatzopoulou, Natalia, Chaikali, Chrysi, Mourkogianni, Eleni, Mikelis, Constantinos M., Andriopoulos, Vasilis, Kornaros, Michael, Avgoustakis, Konstantinos, Lamari, Fotini N., and Hatziantoniou, Sophia more...
- Abstract
Traditional sunscreens have relied on synthetic compounds to protect against harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, there is increasing interest in utilizing the natural photoprotective properties of microalgae extracts. This approach does not only aim to enhance the stability and efficacy of sun protection formulae but also seeks to reduce the reliance on synthetic sunscreens. This study investigates the encapsulation of Tisochrysis lutea extract (TL) in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to create a combination (NLC-TL) with enhanced physicochemical stability, antioxidant activity, SPF efficacy, wound healing capacity, and skin hydration. The particle size and ζ-potential were approximately 100 nm and −50 mV, respectively, and both formulations successfully passed the stability tests. The antioxidant activity, measured via DPPH assay, revealed that NLC-TL achieved the highest free radical scavenging activity across all tested concentrations, indicating a synergistic effect. The incorporation of TL in NLCs maintained the sun protection factor (SPF) of a 2% extract solution (1.53 ± 0.13). The wound healing assay indicated that NLC-TLs significantly enhanced wound closure compared to controls and TL alone. Additionally, skin hydration tests on healthy volunteers revealed that NLC-TLs provided superior and sustained hydration effects. These results highlight NLC-TLs' potential as a multifunctional topical agent for cosmetic and therapeutic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
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8. Photoprotective Effects of Yeast Pulcherrimin.
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Kregiel, Dorota, Krajewska, Agnieszka, Kowalska-Baron, Agnieszka, Czarnecka-Chrebelska, Karolina H., and Nowak, Adriana
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SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) , *CYTOTOXINS , *ULTRAVIOLET radiation , *DNA repair , *OPACITY (Optics) - Abstract
Sunscreen products can protect the skin against the harmful effects of UV radiation, including reddening, aging, and cancer. The aim of this research was to evaluate the photoprotective effects of yeast pulcherrimin, an iron-chelating dipeptide. We first investigated the cytotoxicity of pulcherrimin produced by Metschnikowia pulcherrima yeast on the human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line, using the PrestoBlue assay. We assessed the ability of pulcherrimin to induce DNA repair after the exposure of HaCaT cells to oxidative stress. We also evaluated its protective activity against UVC radiation. The sun protective factor (SPF) was calculated using the Mansur equation. The UVA/UVB ratio values for pure pulcherrimin were evaluated using the Boots Star Rating system. The critical wavelength was determined by calculating the integrated optical density curve area. Based on the results, pulcherrimin shows strong cytoprotective effects through antioxidant and photoprotective activities on the HaCaT cell line. The calculated SPFs were 20 and 15 at pH = 7 and pH = 10, respectively. The critical wavelength above 370 nm and the UVA/UVB ratio R > 1 suggest that yeast pulcherrimin—a cyclic dipeptide containing iron—may be considered a promising photoprotective agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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9. The Potential of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Essential Oil as Sunscreen and Anti-Aging Agents: An In Vitro and In Silico Study.
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Husen, Rifsia Ajani, Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain, Sary, Nirwana Lazuardi, Harnelly, Essy, and Husna, Fauzul
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ESSENTIAL oils , *CHEMICAL affinity , *SUNSHINE , *SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) , *CLOVE tree - Abstract
The earth thermal conditions increase exposure to sunlight, triggering skin damage. The skin has defense mechanisms but needs additional protection to prevent photoaging. Using sunscreen is an effort to reduce the harmful effects of sun exposure. Natural ingredients with antioxidant activity can be developed into sunscreen and antiaging products, including cloves. This study aims to assess the antioxidant, sun protection, and anti-aging properties of essential oils derived from clove leaves and buds. The antioxidant activity was assessed by the DPPH system and then formulated into 5 and 10 % clove leaves cream, as well as 5 and 10 % clove bud cream. The SPF values were assessed using a spectrophotometer and the Mansur formula. The antiaging potential was assessed using the in silico method with MMP-1 protein employing the Auto Dock Vina software, followed by analysis and visualization using BIOVIA Discovery Studio. The essential oils from clove leaves and buds have DPPH IC50 values of 23.09 and 30.31 ppm. The SPF values of clove leaves essential oil, 5 % leaves cream, and 10 % leaves cream are 38.61, 14.32, and 22.15. Meanwhile, the SPF values of clove bud essential oil, 5 % bud cream, and 10 % bud cream are 38.19, 9.32, and 18.16. The in silico test revealed that caryophyllene, eugenol, humulene, and phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl), acetate) have strong interactions because they can interact with the active site of proteins using hydrogen, hydrophobic, and van der Waals bonds. The essential oils from clove leaves and buds exhibit very strong antioxidant activity and offer ultra-protection as a sunscreen. The cream formulations still exhibit sunscreen activity, albeit at a lower level compared to pure essential oil. Caryophyllene, eugenol, humulene, and phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-, acetate), have potential as antiaging agents, as indicated by their binding affinity and chemical bond interactions observed in the in silico test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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10. Utilizing Wastewater Tunnels as Thermal Reservoirs for Heat Pumps in Smart Cities.
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Fadnes, Fredrik Skaug and Assadi, Mohsen
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ARTIFICIAL neural networks , *SEASONAL temperature variations , *HEAT exchangers , *HEATING , *SMART cities , *HEAT pumps - Abstract
The performance of heat pump systems for heating and cooling heavily relies on the thermal conditions of their reservoirs. This study introduces a novel thermal reservoir, detailing a 2017 project where the Municipality of Stavanger installed a heat exchanger system on the wall of a main wastewater tunnel beneath the city center. It provides a comprehensive account of the system's design, installation, and performance, and presents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model that predicts heat pump capacity, electricity consumption, and outlet temperature across seasonal variations in wastewater temperatures. By integrating domain knowledge with the ANN, this study demonstrates the model's capability to detect anomalies in heat pump operations effectively. The network also confirms the consistent performance of the heat exchangers from 2020 to 2024, indicating minimal fouling impacts. This study establishes wastewater heat exchangers as a safe, effective, and virtually maintenance-free solution for heat extraction and rejection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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11. Does sunscreen block vitamin D synthesis? A literature review.
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Tatara, Paulina, Mawlichanów, Maciej, and Gancorz, Sabina
- Abstract
Copyright of Environmental Medicine / Medycyna Środowiskowa is the property of Witold Chodzki Institute of Rural Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2024
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12. Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties of Novel Heterocyclic Azo Dyes and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity as an Active Sunscreen Agent.
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Surendranaik, Y., Venkatesh, Talavara, Ereshanaik, and Chethan
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ULTRAVIOLET radiation , *OPTICAL properties , *CYCLIC voltammetry , *MOLECULAR docking , *RADICALS (Chemistry) , *ISOXAZOLES , *AZO dyes - Abstract
We synthesized some novel isoxazole azo derivatives using conventional methods and studied their linear, non‐linear optical properties and antioxidant activity. UV‐Vis spectroscopy revealed absorption bands ranging from 310–470 nm for the obtained compounds. Compounds 3 c and 3 b, for example, showed a large redshift and solvatochromic behavior. NLO analysis results show that compounds exhibit a greater NLO response than the magnitude of urea done by the DFT method. The electrochemical properties of compounds are studied using cyclic voltammetry and results are used for calculation of HOMO and LUMO experimentally. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized azo dyes displayed that 3 c has excellent antioxidant activity with the highest percentage (71.54605 %) of radical inhibition as compared to reference standard Vit‐C. Molecular docking analysis shows that compounds have a strong binding affinity in the range of −7.0 to −4.6 kcal/mol compared to Vit‐C, which has a binding affinity of −3.6 kcal/mol. The sun protection factor performance was determined by UV‐Vis spectroscopy, and results show that compounds are most effective, exhibit a remarkable SPF value, and offer superior sun protection by absorbing UV rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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13. СЛЪНЧЕВИТЕ ЛЪЧИ И КАК ДА СЕ ПРЕДПАЗИМ ОТ ВРЕДНОТО ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЪРХУ КОЖАТА.
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Ласкова, Светлана, Георгиева, Лора, and Бакърджиев, Илко
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SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) , *PROTECTIVE clothing , *ULTRAVIOLET radiation , *SKIN cancer , *SUNGLASSES , *ADVICE - Abstract
There's growing proof of the impact of sun rays, in their various wave lengths and strengths, on the human skin. That yields more knowledge and recommendations on the means to protect and preserve that vital organ. Nowadays, such information is available thanks to the various formulae and filters of sunscreen products. Protection from UV rays is particularly important due to the high risk of sunburn, DNA mutation and changes, and skin cancer. This report will explore practical recommendations regarding the use of sunscreen, as well as advice on how we can protect ourselves from the impact of sun rays. The general methods for safeguarding from the sun include finding a shade, when you are outside, applying products to keep safe from the sun, wearing protective clothing, a hat and sunglasses. Sunscreen is just one of many measures that are used to protect the skin from the sun rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
14. Invasion of Chicken Anemia Virus in Specific-Pathogen-Free Chicken Flocks and Its Successful Elimination from the Colony.
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Fujiwara, Akira, Horii, Wataru, Sano, Junichi, Kodama, Toshiaki, Kato, Atsushi, Shibuya, Kazumoto, and Saitoh, Toshiki
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WHOLE genome sequencing ,CHICKENS ,LYMPHOID tissue ,ARTIFICIAL insemination ,ROOSTERS - Abstract
Simple Summary: Outbreaks of chicken anemia virus (CAV) had occurred in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken flocks. Removing seropositive chickens and adjacent seronegative chickens from the SPF facility and disinfecting housing with chemical agents did not halt outbreaks. Incidences decreased with an increase in chicks hatched from CAV-seropositive hens as maternal antibodies protected these chicks from CAV infection. We isolated eggs from CAV-seropositive hens through artificial insemination using CAV-free semen from roosters. The eggs were transferred to a new SPF facility and used to produce CAV-free progeny. To date, the colony raised at the new facility has been CAV-free for longer than two years. A specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken colony was maintained with successive groups a month apart in age. The absence of specific pathogens, including chicken anemia virus (CAV), was confirmed through periodic serological tests for each group. However, some groups became CAV seropositive. The procedures of removing seropositive and the adjacent seronegative chickens followed with chemically disinfecting the housing did not halt CAV outbreaks. The full genome sequence of the CAV strain that appeared was closely related to low-virulence isolates in China. The outbreaks of CAV decreased with an increase in the seropositive chicken population, indicating that the progeny is protected from CAV infection by maternal anti-CAV antibodies. The persistence of CAV in erythroid and lymphoid tissues or reproductive tissues from CAV seropositive chickens was examined in chickens of various ages using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Since a low persistence of CAV was observed in the colony, we isolated eggs from CAV seropositive hens through artificial insemination using semen collected from roosters and confirmed as CAV-free by PCR. Fertilized eggs were transferred to a new SPF facility and used for generating CAV-free progeny. To date, chickens reared in the new facility have been CAV-free for longer than two years. Redirection of eggs from seropositive hens was an effective means of eliminating CAV from chickens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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15. UV Study of the Sun Protection Factor of Some Peels and Seeds in Ethanolic and Methanolic Solvents.
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Fatima, T., Ahmed, T., Khan, Z., Ali, N., and Hamza, M. A.
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ULTRAVIOLET radiation ,ETHANOL ,SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) - Abstract
Sunscreen formulation forms a protective layer on the skin to protect it from the harmful impact of UV radiation. The effectiveness of sunscreen is determined by the sun protection factor (SPF). The higher the SPF, the more active the product is in avoiding sunburn. Thus, it is compulsory to determine the SPF value of the products used to stop sunburn. The present study aimed to determine the ultraviolet (UV) absorption properties of alcoholic herbal extracts of peels and seeds of vegetable and fruit sources by determining the SPF number as an alternative to synthetic sunscreen using the spectrophotometric method. Alcoholic extract was prepared by dissolving the ground form of green produce (Watermelon, Orange, and Lemon seeds and peels of Banana, Lemon, and Orange), and the absorbance was recorded between 290-320 nm. A spectroscopic study revealed that all of the tested samples of vegetables and fruits in both ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed UV protection capabilities related to their high absorbance, which was satisfactory in finding their SPF values. The analysis of SPF values showed that variations were observed in both ethanolic and methanolic extracts, followed by exhibiting the highest absorbance value in normal, UV, and dark exposure. Moreover, the results after 7 days of exposure to solar radiation (UV) radiation in the ethanolic extract of green produce showed an increase in the SPF, indicating that extracts were not photosensitive in the range between 290 and 320 nm while a decrease in SPF to methanol, revealing that all samples were photosensitive in the range between 290 and 320 nm. The values of the SPF showed that peels and seeds may also be considered for the formulation of the green sunscreen cream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Fabrication of CeO2/CaO nanocomposite as ultraviolet screening agent and its application in sunscreen.
- Author
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Li, Zhenxiang, Tong, Lin, Ma, Yuqin, and Zhao, Lang
- Subjects
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CERIUM oxides , *SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) , *CALCIUM ions , *LIME (Minerals) , *NANOCOMPOSITE materials , *X-ray diffraction , *FREE radicals - Abstract
In order to improve CeO 2 ultraviolet absorption performance and transparency, this paper puts forward that different proportions of calcium oxide are doped during the formation of CeO 2. Doping calcium ions with larger ion size and lower valence leads to the formation of oxygen defects by inhibiting the precipitation of oxygen from cerium oxide and keeps the fluorite structure of cerium oxide stable. The effects of CaO doping on the crystal structure, morphology, and optical characteristics of CeO 2 were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, XPS, UV–vis spectrophotometry. The pH of sunscreen, spread ability and some physical as well as chemical evaluations were carried out, while to study its UV protection performance the sunscreen SPF test was performed. The UV–vis results revealed that CeO 2 /20%CaO showed highly efficient UV absorption capacity. After adding calcium oxide, the catalytic activity of the material is reduced, due to which the generation of free radicals is demoted, and the harm to human body is decreased. After the addition of 3 wt% nanomaterials into sunscreen, the sun protection factor(SPF )values of pure cerium oxide and CeO 2 /20%CaO are 1.95 and 2.81, and their sun protection coefficient is increased by 69.39%. Therefore, it is an ideal candidate as a component of ultraviolet screening agent in sunscreens and provides a new idea for the research direction of cerium oxide in anti-ultraviolet applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
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17. 结构用竹木材料的高温力学性能研究.
- Author
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赵邦林, 黄玲玲, 王立彬, and 陈桂凤
- Abstract
Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
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18. 竹集成材-SPF复合正交胶合木的研发及性能评估.
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缪本浩, 黄素涌, 王建和, 贾晓娟, 肖 岩, and 卫佩行
- Abstract
Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Spoofed Emails: An Analysis of the Issues Hindering a Larger Deployment of DMARC
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Hureau, Olivier, Bayer, Jan, Duda, Andrzej, Korczyński, Maciej, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Richter, Philipp, editor, Bajpai, Vaibhav, editor, and Carisimo, Esteban, editor more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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20. Identification of UV Filters in SPF 30 Sunscreens by Raman Spectroscopy
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Taba, Vera Lúcia, Trindade, Agnes C., Marrafa, Pedro A., de Oliveira, Cintia R., Silveira, Landulfo, Jr., Magjarević, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Marques, Jefferson Luiz Brum, editor, Rodrigues, Cesar Ramos, editor, Suzuki, Daniela Ota Hisayasu, editor, Marino Neto, José, editor, and García Ojeda, Renato, editor more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. BiFrost: A Blockchain-Based Decentralized Messaging Application
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Pandey, Himanshu, Siraswal, Akhil, Kaushik, Ekta, Pandey, Dilkeshwar, Kapoor, Sparsh, Pahuja, Hunny, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Namasudra, Suyel, editor, Trivedi, Munesh Chandra, editor, Crespo, Ruben Gonzalez, editor, and Lorenz, Pascal, editor more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. UJI IN VITRO NILAI SUN PROTECTING FACTOR (SPF) EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN EKSTRAK HEKSANA DAUN KENIKIR (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.)
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Lisa Amelia Rahmi, Emelda Emelda, Wahyu Yuliana Solikah, and Ichwan Ridwan Rais
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Ekstrak Daun Kenikir ,Cosmos caudatus ,Etanol ,Heksana ,SPF ,Tabir surya ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) mengandung senyawa biokatif yang dapat berpotensi sebagai tabir surya. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui potensi ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak heksana daun kenikir sebagai tabir surya. Ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan masing-masing pelarut berupa etanol 70% dan n-heksana. Pengukuran Nilai SPF ekstrak etanol (EEDK) dan Ekstrak Heksana (EHDK) dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada Panjang gelombang 290-400 nm pada seri konsentrasi 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 600 ppm, dan 800 ppm. Hasil menunjukkan EEDK memiliki potensi sebagai tabir surya dengan nilai SPF yang dihasilkan pada konsentrasi 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 600 ppm dan 800 ppm berturut-turut 1,3896±0,0343; 1,7936±0,0144; 2,2282±0,0580; dan 3,2575±0,2257. Nilai SPF EHDK berturut-turut adalah 1,1454±0,0204; 1,3193±0,0048; 1,4993±0,0169; dan 1,6967±0,0111. Sedangkan nilai SPF asam sinamat berturut-turut adalah 4,5865±0,0534; 5,8073±0,1096; 6,7218±0,0568; dan 7,4695±0,1331. Analisis statistika menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai SPF EEDK, EHDK dan Asam Sinamat dengan nilai signifikansi 0,00 (sig< 0,05). EEDK memilki nilai SPF yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan EHDK (sig=0,012 more...
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- 2024
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23. Plant-Based Sunscreen Emulgel: UV Boosting Effect of Bilberry and Green Tea NaDES Extracts
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Milica Martinović, Ivana Nešić, Dragica Bojović, Ana Žugić, Slavica Blagojević, Stevan Blagojević, and Vanja M. Tadić
- Subjects
natural deep eutectic solvents ,NaDES ,SPF ,sun protection ,UV booster ,antioxidants ,Science ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 ,General. Including alchemy ,QD1-65 - Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) were employed for the extraction of bilberry and green tea leaves. This study explored the incorporation of these NaDES extracts into various carrier systems: hydrogels, emulsions, and emulgels stabilized with hydroxyethyl cellulose or xanthan gum. The results demonstrated that, when combined with synthetic UV filters, the NaDES extracts significantly enhanced the SPF and improved the antioxidant properties of the formulation. Although NaDES extracts cannot fully replace synthetic UV filters (homosalate, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, and benzophenone-4), they can serve as effective UV boosters, significantly enhancing the SPFs of formulations containing UV filters. Hence, the SPF of the formulation could be improved without increasing the concentrations of synthetic filters. Moreover, NaDES extracts, unlike UV filters, significantly increased the antioxidant potential of the formulations. Among the carriers, hydrogels with xanthan gum and emulgels with hydroxyethyl cellulose achieved the highest SPFs when containing both NaDES extracts and synthetic filters. A texture analysis further revealed that the NaDES extracts positively impacted the mechanical properties of the formulations by increasing their cohesiveness, thus enhancing their physical stability under mechanical pressure. These findings pave the way for further research into NaDES-based formulations, including in vivo testing, to optimize and confirm their efficacy on human skin and validate NaDES extracts as eco-friendly ingredients in cosmetics, with antioxidant and UV boosting potential. more...
- Published
- 2024
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24. Alkaloid-rich fraction of Anacardium occidentale L. nutshells ameliorates UV-B induced oxidative damage in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- Author
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Pol, Arti Dilip, Wankhede, Pallavi Jayant, Bagwe, Akshay Dilip, and Sharma, Bharatbhushan
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- 2024
- Full Text
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25. Bougenville flower (Bougainvillae spectabilis willd) extract (In vitro) activity test as sunscreen
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Yuliani, Ni Nyoman, Siswandono, Siswandono, Erawati, Tristiana, Sambara, Jefrin, Korassa, Yulius, and Poddar, Sandeep
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- 2024
- Full Text
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26. Formulation of phytosomes with sun protection factor using Agave americana ethanolic extract.
- Author
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Vaghela, Heeral N., Mbatia, Betty N., Omolo, Calvin A., Farukh, Sania, Otoo, Eugene, Wambui, Lucy M., and Govender, Thirumala
- Subjects
- *
DRUG delivery systems , *AGAVES , *PHYTOCHEMICALS , *ZETA potential , *ULTRAVIOLET radiation , *ENVIRONMENTAL risk - Abstract
Over-exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays is a major environmental risk factor for skin cancer. Shortcomings associated with the use of synthetic sunscreens can be overcome by the use of herbal based sunscreens. Plant phytochemicals have antioxidant activity and Sun Protection Factor (SPF) activity, however their hydrophilic nature limits their ability to penetrate into deeper areas of the skin thereby affecting their bioavailability. The aim of this study was to formulate phytosomes with antioxidant and SPF activity using ethanolic extracts of Agave americana americana and Agave americana marginata leaves. Soxhlet extraction was used to extract phytochemicals from dried leaves. The presence of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins were confirmed using various tests. The antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay while SPF activity was determined using UV spectroscopy. Phytosomes were formulated and characterized for size, Polydispersity Index (PDI) and zeta potential. A. americana americana had a higher content of flavonoids, phenols, and tannins which also resulted in better antioxidant activity (IC50) 4.77 μg/ml versus 5.66 μg/ml and SPF activity of 9.95 versus 5.84, when compared to A. americana marginata. The phytosome formulations using A. americana americana had SPF activity of 9.96 to 13.3 with 40 mg extract and 60 mg soy lecithin having the highest activity. This formulation had the smallest particle size of 91nm, PDI and zeta potential of 0.235 and -4.95, respectively. These results indicate the formulation of the extracts into phytosomes enhances their SPF activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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27. Ghidul farmacistului pentru utilizarea produselor de protecţie solară pe parcursul întregului an.
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Pașitoniu, Alexandra-Mihaela and Lupu, Alexandra
- Abstract
The use of sun protection products has seen a significant evolution in terms of usage frequency in recent years. These products have transitioned from only offering protection against erythema – i.e., sunburns caused by UV rays – to broad-spectrum UV protection products. They not only prevent erythema but also offer multiple benefits in the fight against photoaging of the skin, depigmentation, protects the integrity of cellular DNA, and reduce the risk of photocarcinogenesis. A synthesis of research in the field of UV protection highlights the essential aspects regarding sunscreen products, including the advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used UV filters. This article underscores the crucial aspects that healthcare professionals need to consider in order to provide informed guidance to patients regarding sun protection products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
28. Encapsulation of Microalgae Tisochrysis lutea Extract in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) and Evaluation of Their Sunscreen, Wound Healing, and Skin Hydration Properties
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Natalia Chatzopoulou, Chrysi Chaikali, Eleni Mourkogianni, Constantinos M. Mikelis, Vasilis Andriopoulos, Michael Kornaros, Konstantinos Avgoustakis, Fotini N. Lamari, and Sophia Hatziantoniou
- Subjects
Tisochrysis lutea extract ,nanostructured lipid carriers ,SPF ,antioxidant ,skin hydration ,wound healing ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Traditional sunscreens have relied on synthetic compounds to protect against harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, there is increasing interest in utilizing the natural photoprotective properties of microalgae extracts. This approach does not only aim to enhance the stability and efficacy of sun protection formulae but also seeks to reduce the reliance on synthetic sunscreens. This study investigates the encapsulation of Tisochrysis lutea extract (TL) in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to create a combination (NLC-TL) with enhanced physicochemical stability, antioxidant activity, SPF efficacy, wound healing capacity, and skin hydration. The particle size and ζ-potential were approximately 100 nm and −50 mV, respectively, and both formulations successfully passed the stability tests. The antioxidant activity, measured via DPPH assay, revealed that NLC-TL achieved the highest free radical scavenging activity across all tested concentrations, indicating a synergistic effect. The incorporation of TL in NLCs maintained the sun protection factor (SPF) of a 2% extract solution (1.53 ± 0.13). The wound healing assay indicated that NLC-TLs significantly enhanced wound closure compared to controls and TL alone. Additionally, skin hydration tests on healthy volunteers revealed that NLC-TLs provided superior and sustained hydration effects. These results highlight NLC-TLs’ potential as a multifunctional topical agent for cosmetic and therapeutic applications. more...
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- 2024
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29. Dětská fotoprotekce a sledování znamének u dětí.
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Jarešová, Lucie and Brigant, Jakub
- Abstract
Copyright of Pediatrie pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. UJI AKTIVITAS TABIR SURYA EKSTRAK DAN LOTION KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica Val.) SECARA INVITRO MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETER UV-VIS
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Muhammad Alfian, Muhammad Nurul Hasanudin, Mochamad Luqni Maulana, and Muhammad Mustainin
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kunyit ,SPF ,spektrofotometer UV-Vis ,tabir surya ,transmisi eritema ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Efek radiasi sinar UV B yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan penuaan dini pada kulit. Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) memiliki senyawa antioksidan yang potensial sebagai tabir surya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas tabir surya ekstrak dan sediaan lotion kunyit secara invitro dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Ekstraksi dilakukan secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% hingga mendapatkan ekstrak kental. Evaluasi karakteristik mutu fisik sediaan lotion kunyit meliputi organoleptik, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, dan uji pH, serta nilai SPF dengan metode Mansur dan Persen Transmisi Eritema (%T) secara invitro menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis berdasarkan absorbansi panjang gelombang 290-320 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sediaan lotion kunyit F1 hingga F5 berbentuk semi padat, berwarna kuning kecoklatan, bau wangi, nilai daya sebar diatas7 cm, nilai daya lekat kurang dari 1 detik, nilai pH dibawah 8. Nilai SPF ekstrak kunyit tertinggi pada konsentrasi 500 mg dengan SPF 46. Sedangkan SPF lotion kunyit tertinggi pada F5 dengan SPF 15. Hasil % T ekstrak kunyit terendah pada konsentrasi 400 mg yaitu 0,0024%. Sedangkan hasil %T terendah lotion kunyit pada F5 yaitu 2,91%. Nilai SPF mengalami penurunan saat ekstrak kunyit dibuat sediaan lotion, tetapi masih memiliki potensi tabir surya. Semua ekstrak kunyit merupakan kategori sunblock, sedangkan lotion F5 kategori sunblock dan lotion kunyit F1 hingga F4 merupakan kategori fast tanning. more...
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- 2024
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31. FORMULASI DAN UJI IN VITRO NILAI SPF KRIM TABIR SURYA EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NANAS MADU (Anana comosus L. Merr)
- Author
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Wimzy Rizqy Prabhata, Pradini Alfa Salsabila, and Fitri Wulandari
- Subjects
Kulit buah nanas madu ,aktivitas tabir surya ,SPF ,krim ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Paparan sinar UV dari matahari yang berlebih menyebabkan dampak negatif bagi kulit. Kulit buah nanas madu (Anana comosus L. Merr) diketahui mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan tanin yang dapat menangkap sinar UV. Penelitian ini melaporkan aktivitas tabir surya (SPF) krim dari ekstrak etanol 96% kulit buah nanas madu beserta karakteristik fisik dan hasil pengujian stabilitasnya. Kulit buah nanas madu disoxhletasi dengan etanol 96%, kemudian ekstrak diformulasikan menjadi krim menggunakan variasi konsentrasi basis krim: asam stearat (8-12%) dan trietanolamin (2-4%) untuk menghasilkan tiga formula. Selanjutnya, krim diuji karakteristik fisik, stabilitas fisik dan aktivitas tabir suryanya. Diperoleh nilai SPF ekstrak etanol 96% kulit buah nanas madu pada konsentrasi 10%, 20%, dan 30% berturut-turut sebesar 28,38; 31,05; dan 35,12. Karakteristik fisik krim yang dihasilkan berwarna coklat, berbentuk semisolid, berbau khas, homogen, memiliki nilai pH, daya lekat dan daya sebar yang memenuhi syarat krim. Dari ketiga formula, formula I memiliki stabilitas pH, daya lekat dan daya sebar yang paling baik. Hasil nilai SPF krim tiap formula: F1 (34,54); F2 (34,35) dan F3 (34,27). Penelitian ini mendemonstrasikan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96% kulit buah nanas madu dapat diformulasi dalam bentuk krim serta memiliki aktivitas tabir surya yang baik. more...
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- 2024
32. SUN PROTECTION FACTOR (SPF) VALUE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED GAMBIER GEL PREPARATION.
- Author
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Faizin, Muhammad Asrofi and Purwanto
- Subjects
FLAVONOIDS ,VALUATION of real property ,ACCELERATED life testing ,ULTRAVIOLET radiation ,PROPOLIS ,ONE-way analysis of variance - Abstract
Gambier is an export product from Sumatera, Indonesia, that can be purified and utilized in cosmetic preparations. The content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of purified gambier has a potential skin protection against UV rays. The chemical content of extract is closely related to the polarity of solvent, so this study aims to analyze the effect of ethanol concentration as solvent in gambier purification on phenolic content, flavonoids, and SPF value. The ethanol concentrations for this purpose were 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 96%. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were analyzed by colorimetric method, whereas the SPF value of gel was measured by UV spectrophotometer. The gel preparation was evaluated for its physical properties including organoleptic test, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, pH and stability. Statistical analysis performed with one-way ANOVA at 95% confidence level. As the results, ethanol concentration significantly influenced phenolic, flavonoid content and SPF values. The highest phenolic content was obtained in purification by 50% ethanol with a value of 757.2 ± 13.1 mg GAE/g, while highest flavonoid content was achieved in 96% ethanol at 5.18 ± 0.21 mg QE/g. Ethanol concentration with highest SPF value was 96% at 27.07 ± 0.33. In the gambier gel formulation with 0.2% dose had an SPF value of 6.60 ± 0.58. The gel has good homogeneity, viscosity, and pH for cosmetic preparations but poor spreadability. The stability of the gel formulation changed after accelerated stability testing for 4 weeks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Patho-molecular identification of circulating H9N2 avian influenza virus in Egypt.
- Author
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El Nagar, Eman M. S., Salem, Heba M., Gamal, Maha A. N., and El-Saied, Mohamed A.
- Subjects
AVIAN influenza A virus ,REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ,DIGITAL image correlation ,IDENTIFICATION ,VIRAL tropism ,AVIAN influenza - Abstract
Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a serious problem among poultry production sector, low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 (LPAI H9N2) has been widely spread globally inducing indirect huge economic losses and it considered as a hidden threaten due to its immunosuppressive impact on birds. Therefore, the current work objectives were the molecular detection of the circulating AI H9N2 field strain in Egypt during 2022-2023 with pathogenicity testing of the recovered virus in specific pathogen free (SPF) one day old chicks. Out of 10 suspected tracheal samples that have been collected from different broiler chicken farms in Al Qalyubia governorate only 7 (70%) samples were positive by Reverse transcription Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The strain that showed a high reproductive ability and high egg infective dose 50 (EID50) (10
9 /μl) on ECE via allantoic sac has been selected for pathogenicity testing in SPF chicks. For pathogenicity testing, 60 SPF chicks were allocated into two groups 30 birds each. G1and G2 were inoculated via oculo-nasal route with 100 μl containing 1x 106 EID50/μl virus and 100μl sterile normal saline, respectively. During the experimental time (15 days), no mortalities were recorded in the two groups. The observed clinical signs were mild (ruffled feathers, and depression) in G1, but no clinical signs were observed in G2. During the experiment 3 birds per group were ethically slaughtered to observe the postmortem (PM) and histopathological lesions at 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days post-infection (dpi). The observed PM lesions were mild tracheitis, mild pneumonia, subcapsular hemorrhage in liver, enlargement of the spleen, mild atrophy in the pancreas, hemorrhage in the thymus, severe nephritis, and nephrosis with distended ureters with ureates but no macroscopic lesions were detected in the bursa of Fabricius. The virus tropism not restricted only to respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal tract, but also to the liver, pancreas, and thymus. In conclusion, continuous molecular detection, with pathogenicity testing of circulating AIV is recommended. The authors recommend further full H9 sequence to perform cladogram to the currently tested strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
34. Recent developments in tuning the efficacy of different types of sunscreens.
- Author
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Parwaiz, Shaikh and Khan, Mohammad Mansoob
- Abstract
Due to recent global warming threats, the changes in the atmosphere have caused significant ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, primarily emitted by the sun, which creates more awareness of photoprotection. Sunscreen development has been a convenient and crucial approach to photoprotection against ultraviolet radiation. Due to high demand, upgrading the quality of sunscreen products and certifying methods are necessary to guarantee the safety of commercial sunscreen products for use. Sunscreen products should have a satisfactory amount of sun protection factor (SPF), ultraviolet A protection factor, as well as the photostability of the sunscreens for them to be considered effective and safe for use. A rigorous study on the effectiveness of the sunscreen components and their safety standards is essential for the productive use and further improvement of the available sunscreen materials. This article summarizes the effects and issues, protective measures of sunscreen usage, and its components, mainly ultraviolet filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. FORMULASI BODY LOTION DARI EKSTRAK LAMUN DAN GONAD BULU BABI.
- Author
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Ningrum, Reza Hidayah, Ning Asih, Eka Nurrahema, Ni’amah, Siti Nihayatun, Badriyah, Lailatul, Mardiyanti, Yuniar, and Wulansari, Destin Retno
- Abstract
Copyright of Indonesian Fisheries Processing Journal / Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Research on Satellite Routing Method Based on Q-Learning in Failure Scenarios
- Author
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Chen, Zhenrui, Lin, Guangrong, Zhou, Jiaen, Zhao, Yafei, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Jia, Yingmin, editor, Zhang, Weicun, editor, Fu, Yongling, editor, and Wang, Jiqiang, editor more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. In vitro Determination of SPF for Syrian Olive (Olea europaea) leaf extracts
- Author
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Alhakim, Farah and Laham, Antoun
- Published
- 2023
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38. Invasion of Chicken Anemia Virus in Specific-Pathogen-Free Chicken Flocks and Its Successful Elimination from the Colony
- Author
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Akira Fujiwara, Wataru Horii, Junichi Sano, Toshiaki Kodama, Atsushi Kato, Kazumoto Shibuya, and Toshiki Saitoh
- Subjects
artificial insemination ,chicken anemia virus (CAV) ,genome sequence ,elimination ,SPF ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
A specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken colony was maintained with successive groups a month apart in age. The absence of specific pathogens, including chicken anemia virus (CAV), was confirmed through periodic serological tests for each group. However, some groups became CAV seropositive. The procedures of removing seropositive and the adjacent seronegative chickens followed with chemically disinfecting the housing did not halt CAV outbreaks. The full genome sequence of the CAV strain that appeared was closely related to low-virulence isolates in China. The outbreaks of CAV decreased with an increase in the seropositive chicken population, indicating that the progeny is protected from CAV infection by maternal anti-CAV antibodies. The persistence of CAV in erythroid and lymphoid tissues or reproductive tissues from CAV seropositive chickens was examined in chickens of various ages using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Since a low persistence of CAV was observed in the colony, we isolated eggs from CAV seropositive hens through artificial insemination using semen collected from roosters and confirmed as CAV-free by PCR. Fertilized eggs were transferred to a new SPF facility and used for generating CAV-free progeny. To date, chickens reared in the new facility have been CAV-free for longer than two years. Redirection of eggs from seropositive hens was an effective means of eliminating CAV from chickens. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. SUN PROTECTION FACTOR (SPF) VALUE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED GAMBIER GEL PREPARATION
- Author
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Muhammad Asrofi Faizin and Purwanto Purwanto
- Subjects
Flavonoid ,Gambier ,Phenolic ,Purification ,SPF ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Gambier is an export product from Sumatera, Indonesia, that can be purified and utilized in cosmetic preparations. The content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of purified gambier has a potential skin protection against UV rays. The chemical content of extract is closely related to the polarity of solvent, so this study aims to analyze the effect of ethanol concentration as solvent in gambier purification on phenolic content, flavonoids, and SPF value. The ethanol concentrations for this purpose were 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 96%. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were analyzed by colorimetric method, whereas the SPF value of gel was measured by UV spectrophotometer. The gel preparation was evaluated for its physical properties including organoleptic test, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, pH and stability. Statistical analysis performed with one-way ANOVA at 95% confidence level. As the results, ethanol concentration significantly influenced phenolic, flavonoid content and SPF values. The highest phenolic content was obtained in purification by 50% ethanol with a value of 757.2 ± 13.1 mg GAE/g, while highest flavonoid content was achieved in 96% ethanol at 5.18 ± 0.21 mg QE/g. Ethanol concentration with highest SPF value was 96% at 27.07 ± 0.33. In the gambier gel formulation with 0.2% dose had an SPF value of 6.60 ± 0.58. The gel has good homogeneity, viscosity, and pH for cosmetic preparations but poor spreadability. The stability of the gel formulation changed after accelerated stability testing for 4 weeks more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The adverse consequences of not using sunscreens.
- Author
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Young, Antony R.
- Subjects
- *
SOLAR ultraviolet radiation , *SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) , *SKIN cancer , *MELANOCYTES - Abstract
The adverse effects of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on normal skin are well established, especially in those with poorly melanized skin. Clinically, these effects may be classified as acute, such as erythema or chronic such as keratinocyte and melanocyte skin cancers. Apart from skin type genetics, clinical responses to solar UVR are dependent on geophysical (e.g., solar intensity) and behavioural factors. The latter are especially important because they may result in 'solar overload' with unwanted clinical consequences and ever greater burdens to healthcare systems. Correctly used, sunscreens can mitigate the acute and chronic effects of solar UVR exposure. Laboratory studies also show that sunscreens can inhibit the initial molecular and cellular events that are responsible for clinical outcomes. Despite public health campaigns, global trends continue to show increasing incidence of all types of skin cancer. Large‐scale epidemiological studies have shown the benefits of sunscreen use in preventing skin cancer, though it is likely that sunscreen use has not been optimal in such studies. It is evident that without substantial changes in sun‐seeking behaviour, sunscreen use is a very important part of the defence against the acute and chronic effects of solar exposure. Ideally, sunscreens should be able to provide the level of protection that reduces the risk of skin cancer in susceptible skin types to that observed in heavily melanized skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Helosciadium crassipes Koch (Apiaceae) extracts as natural sunscreen and preservative additives.
- Author
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MAKHLOUFI, El-Hani, LEFAHAL, Mostefa, AYAD, Radia, CAKMAK, Yavuz S., NIETO, Gema, and AKKAL, Salah
- Subjects
- *
CARROTS , *UMBELLIFERAE , *OXIDANT status , *SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) , *RADICALS (Chemistry) , *EXTRACTS - Abstract
Recently, ingredients derived from natural sources have gained increasing interest in the cosmetic field due to their low toxicity. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the cosmetic potential of Helosciadium crassipes Koch (Apiaceae) species growing in Algeria as a promising natural preservative and broad-spectrum UV protection additive. In our study, the in-vitro antioxidant effect was assessed via DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdenum method (TAC), while the protection against UVB radiation was evaluated according to the sun protection factor (SPF) by using UV spectroscopic technic at wavelengths ranging from 290 to 320 nm and Mansur's equation, for the photoprotective effect against longwavelength UVA, UVA/UVB and critical wavelength (λc) parameters were evaluated. The outcomes showed that among the tested extracts, the methanolic extract (MeOH) contains high levels of phenolics and flavonoids, and possesses a significant antioxidant effect, particularly in DPPH radical scavenging assay. Similarly, this last one exhibited high photoprotective activity in UVB and UVA ranges. The gathered results reveal the possibility of using this extract as a good natural additive to be incorporated into cosmetic formulations as a broad-spectrum UV protection candidate and as a preservative agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. ZnO@SiO2防晒剂的应用与测试.
- Author
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闫春悦, 任真, 张广良, and 李国晋
- Abstract
Uncoated nano ZnO and ZnO@ SiO2 nanoparticles were added to the same sunscreen formula respectively, and compared with commercial sunscreen to explore the feasibility of the practical application of ZnO@ SiO2 nanoparticles as sunscreen. The outcomes demonstrated that the SiO2 shell improved sunscreen J s visibility in the visible spectrum and brought it closer to skin tone when applied・ In the UVA band, ZnO@ SiO2 sunscreens are more absorbent and provide superior UV protection than commercial sunscreens. Sunscreen made of ZnO@ SiO2 also exhibits good viscosity stability・ Sunscreens with various sun protection factors (SPF) values can be created by altering the amount of ZnO @ SiO2 to stdt practical needs・ This study proves that ZnO@ SiO2 nanoparticles can be used as sunscreens in cosmetics and sunscreen products and that they have potential applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
43. Development and Evaluation of Microemulsion-Based Sunscreen Cream Containing Lycopene from Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
- Author
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Ritha Pratiwi, Nandiska Maladjili, Evi Sulastri, Yusriadi Yusriadi, Nuur Aanisah, and Armini Syamsidi
- Subjects
lycopene ,microemulsion cream ,solanum lycopersicum l. ,spf ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
This study aimed to formulate and determine the sun protection factor (SPF) of sunscreen made from tomato lycopene microemulsion creams. Lycopene was used as the active ingredient with varying concentrations in each formula, namely F1 5%, F2 7.5%, and F3 9%. The preparation of each formula was evaluated by conducting the globule size, polydisperse index, organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability test, viscosity test, and determination of SPF value. The average globule size was 119 nm which had a uniform size distribution. The physical characteristics test of the cream preparations showed the three had a bright yellow color and lacked odor. The pH test results were 3.2 ± 0.12, 5.54 ± 0.25, 6.48 ± 0.22 for F1, F2, F3, respectively. Viscosity test results were F1 40,893.33 cPs, F2 41,746.67 cPs, and F3 43,106.67 cPs. The values obtained from the dispersion test were F1 6.71±0.63, F2 5.58±0.15, and F3 4.81±0.11. Moreover, F3 with a concentration of 9% tomato lycopene microemulsion met the acceptance criteria for all of the physical properties including low viscosity to promote good spreadability, pH that does not irritate the skin, aesthetic appeal, small particle size, and non-odorous and an SPF value of 4.9. The obtained microemulsion-based sunscreen cream exhibited a good physical property of lycopene besides showing sufficient SPF value. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Isolation and Elucidation of Bacterial Melanin's Sun Protection Factor (SPF) for Photoprotection in Cosmetics
- Author
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Trisha Mary Pandipilly Antony, Arya Radhakrishnan Krishna, Swathy Krishna Jayalekshmi, Jayaprabha Chockalingam, and Suganthi Ramasamy
- Subjects
melanin ,pseudomonas mosselli ,pseudomonas putida ,bacillus amyloliquefaciens ,bacillus subtilis ,bacillus cereus ,spf ,transmission spectroscopy ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The outline of our work delineates the isolation and evaluation of sun screening activity of melanin producers such as Pseudomonas mosselli STGRDS1, Pseudomonas putida STGRDS3, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens STGRDV11, Bacillus subtilis STGRDV5 and Bacillus cereus STGRDT12. All of the isolates were tested against the fungal melanin STGRDM1, which was used as control throughout the study. The Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of formulated creams containing 5% and 10% of melanin was determined with values ranging from 1.96 ± 0.008 to 26.33 ± 0.061; further, the transmission spectroscopy was used to calculate the percentage of protection factor that stipulates the potentiality of pigments showing sunscreen effect. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Optimization of Gelling Agent of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Seed Oil Gel and Its Stability and Activity Test In Vitro as Sunscreen
- Author
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Abdul Karim Zulkarnain, Feela Faridhotu, and Ifthary Naqsya PR
- Subjects
optimization ,gel ,spf ,sunflower ,Medicine - Abstract
Excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun can harm human skin, such as skin erythema or sunburn, premature aging of the skin, darker skin discoloration, and damage to skin cells. Skin protection, like sunscreen, is needed to prevent the negative effects of UV rays. This study aims to evaluate the optimum formula, the physical properties, and the activity of a sunscreen gel preparation of sunflower seed oil in vitro. The method in this study was optimization with Design Expert version 10 of the carbopol gelling agent and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The optimum formula obtained was tested for its physical properties and activity as a sunscreen in vitro with a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the physical properties of the optimum formula were good, and stable during storage, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity were close to predictions, and the in vitro SPF test obtained a value of 15.60. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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46. Lignocellulosic Sugar Palm Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites: Mechanical, Thermal and Dynamic Mechanical Properties.
- Author
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Asyraf, M. R. M., Hazrati, K. Z., Sheng, Desmond Daniel Chin Vui, Rafidah, M., Ashraf, W., Madenci, Emrah, Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp, Aksoylu, Ceyhun, and Nurazzi, N. M.
- Abstract
Lignocellulosic fibre obtained from forest biomass has various advantages, especially in product development due to its abundance and ability in mechanical properties. Sugar palm fibre (SPF) has emerged as promising fibre reinforcement in composite industries to form high-strength and stiffness biocomposites. Due to environmental concerns such as air pollution and global warming, the global community has worked together to replace conventional plastic with biomass waste like SPF in various product types. Traditionally, sugar palm by-products are useful for various traditional uses such as traditional foods, gula kabung, and alcohol, while SPF is applied as rope, brooms and brushes. Numerous researchers have taken initiatives to implement SPF in the packaging sector and transport uses such as lifeguard boats. Some works have proved that SPF-reinforced polymer composites exhibit high mechanical strength and remarkable properties in thermal degradations. However, like other lignocellulosic fibres, the SPF exhibits high water absorption properties, which causes problems binding with thermoplastic matrix, reducing its performance. Based on the literature survey, no review has been carried out on discussing the mechanical and thermal behaviour of SPF-reinforced thermoplastic composites. Hence, the current review aims to establish concise and collective findings from previous works on SPF/thermoplastic composites to provide a good source of literature for further research on this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
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47. INFLUENCE OF SUNSCREEN PROTECTION FACTOR ON MOISTURE, OIL, AND PH OF THE SKIN.
- Author
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Salih, Jalal M., Bari, Dindar S., Yacoob Aldosky, Raval Y., and Martinsen, Orjan G.
- Abstract
Using sunscreens with a different sun protection factor (SPF) has been advocated by many health care practitioners as a means to protect the skin from damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight. There is a need to better understand the changes that occur in the skin's Biophysical parameters following the application of sunscreen products. The main objective of this study was to know the influence of sunscreen with various SPF on some skin biophysical parameters. In the present study, we investigated the effects of sunscreen on skin moisture, oil, and pH in 20 subjects. Skin conditions such as moisture, oil, and pH were measured and compared before and after the application of sunscreen. Statistically significant differences were observed in skin moisture and pH. There were also inter-individual differences but, with respect to gender differences, only skin pH was significantly different. According to the study results, applying sunscreen with SPF 50 on the skin was found to have a better profile of biophysical parameters than the sunscreens of low SPFs. Therefore, it can be concluded that a chemical sunscreen with SPF 50 is probably the optimal level to protect the skin from the damage of exposure to the sun's UV rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
48. In Silico Molecular Docking Approach of Melanin Against Melanoma Causing MITF Proteins and Anticancer, Oxidation–Reduction, Photoprotection, and Drug-Binding Affinity Properties of Extracted Melanin from Streptomyces sp. strain MR28.
- Author
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Rudrappa, Muthuraj, Nayaka, Sreenivasa, and Kumar, Raju Suresh
- Abstract
Melanin is a biopolymer reported for diverse biological actions to secure organisms over adverse environmental factors. In the last decade, melanin attributed considerable attention for its use in bioelectronics, photoprotection, environmental bioremediation, and drug discovery. Molecular docking study is the emerging trend in drug discovery for drug designing by targeting proteins. Considering the therapeutic nature of the melanin, we extracted melanin from Streptomyces sp. strain MR28, and it was tested for various biological activities, viz., DPPH free radical scavenging potency, sun protection factor (SPF), drug likeness by SwissADME, molecular docking of melanin on melanocyte-inducing transcription factor (MITF) proteins, cytotoxic activity on A375 malignant melanoma with induction of apoptosis study by flow cytometry, and adsorption study of melanin on doxorubicin and camptothecin drug for drug uptake by melanin. The melanin showed good scavenging potency of DPPH free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. SPF of 38.64 ± 0.63, 55.53 ± 0.53, and 67.07 ± 0.82 were recorded at 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 µg/mL, concentrations, respectively. SwissADME screening confirms the drug likeness of melanin. Docking of melanin with MITF proteins exhibited a maximum of − 9.2 kcal/mol binding affinity for 4ATK protein. Cytotoxicity of the melanin drug exhibited good inhibition of melanoma cells in dose-dependent way with significant IC
50 of 65.61 µg/mL; apoptotic study reveals melanin showed 64.02% apoptosis for melanin and 33.8% apoptosis for standard drug (doxorubicin). The maximum adsorptions for selected drugs camptothecin and doxorubicin to melanin were recorded at 90 min. In conclusion, the extracted melanin showed significant results over many biological applications and it can be used in the pharmaceutical field to avoid chemical-based drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Development of Jernang Non-timber Forest Product in the Bukit Dua Belas National Park Area Jambi can be Jernang (Daemonorops draco (Willd.) Blume) Sunscreen With SPF 15.
- Author
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Lestari, Uce, Asra, Revis, and Yusnelti
- Subjects
NON-timber forest products ,SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) ,NATIONAL parks & reserves ,ULTRAVIOLET radiation - Abstract
The Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) in the Bukit Dua Belas National Park region of Jambi produce jernang, one of the non-timber forest products, and it has promise as a sunscreen because it contains polyphenolic chemicals that may absorb UV radiation. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of jernang sunscreen and its physical characteristics. The 1% (FI), 2% (FII), and 3% (FIII) jernang resin concentrations were used to create jernang sunscreen. Organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, stickiness, spreadability, kind of cream, and stability are examples of physical qualities. The results indicated that, while all sunscreen formulae have SPF values ranging from 11.87 to 12.69, in the extra-protection category, the SPF value reached decreased with increasing jernang resin content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Research on the Value of Crickets as Ingredients for Cosmetics.
- Author
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Kim, William, Jiin Jung, and Yeonwoo Chung
- Subjects
SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,METABOLITES ,CRICKETS (Insect) ,ULTRAVIOLET radiation - Abstract
With more than 1.3 million types, insects are the most abundant species on earth; however, the development of materials using insects still needs to be improved despite the wealth of opportunities. As a result of their ancestry, insects are presumed to contain secondary metabolites with an excellent ability to support bodily functions due to their nature: living under extreme external environmental conditions. Presently, insects have been developed into sources of food, therapeutic drugs for human diseases, and ingredients for cosmetics. Al creating a cricket cream and applying it to human skin, the effectiveness of UV radiation protection is analyzed with an SPF 290 analyzer (290~400 nm) at room temperature(25°C), and an experimental plan to find a unique antioxidant from crickets is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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