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This music score was submitted for Resonate 2024: An Open Access Call for Scores by the UCLA Music Library with Bent Frequency and Jan Berry Baker.

Introduction: Standard PCNL, where a nephrostomy tube is placed at the end of the surgery, is the predominant modality in the treatment of renal stones at present. With the advancement of techniques however, a new method has developed where tube placement is omitted. More and more studies are being done to evaluate the benefits of tubeless PCNL over the standard PCNL. Objectives: To compare the perioperative characterstics, analgesics requirement(according to VAS score), duration of hospital stay, post surgical complication, to know the which one is more beneficial to patient Methods: The study was done in Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarnagar, U.P. on indoor patients of the General Surgery department by following inclusion and exclusion criteria, clinical examinations, and interpretation of laboratory results. Results: Tubeless PCNL is better than the standard pcnl in terms of analgesics requirement, duration of hospital stay and complication. Conclusion: Standard PCNL has a longer operating time, that leads to more bleeding and drop in haemoglobin. Tubeless pcnl has a lesser analgesic requirement, lower rates of complications and shorter duration of hospital stay, as well as more cost effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the consumption of bottled mineral waters is widespread in society, so awareness of its quality is essential to maintain public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical quality of two brands of mineral water M and S bottled from the same origin and 9 factors of nitrite, nitrate, magnesium, calcium, chlorine, total dissolved solids, fluoride, total hardness and pH. One sample t-test, Independent sample t- test and Pearson correlation matrix were used to analyze the data.The results of this study showed that in both brands the mean amount of all measured factors (exception of magnesium and fluoride) were within the standard range.There were also significant differences between the measured values and the values inferred from the bottle labels (exception of pH of M brand and TH of both brands).On the other hand, with a strong positive correlation between pH and Mg of S brand and a strong negative correlation between pH and F of M brand and according to the out of standard amount of these two parameters, increasing the pH can have adverse effects on water quality of both brands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The welfare of donkeys remains a compelling subject for researchers, with limited literature available on the response of the donkey cardiovascular system during strenuous exercise. The study aimed to address two primary objectives. Firstly, to assess the reliability of wearable devices in detecting heart rate (HR) and ECG readings. Secondly, to determine HR, locomotor and cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI) levels in donkeys during exercise. A total of seven donkeys were outfitted with two systems for ECG measurements, namely Equimetre and the Standard base apex, to enable a comparison between the two. Additionally, fifteen apparently healthy donkeys equipped with Equimetre were divided into two groups: the race group (R), consisting of donkeys trained for racing, and the non-race group (NR), comprising donkeys used for regular riding. The results indicated a level of agreement between the two devices in intervals R-R (P = < 0.0001), S-T (P = 0.0002), Q-T(P = 0.0003), P-R (P = 0.0037), segment P-R (P = 0.0023) and HR (P = < 0.0001) at rest. This suggested that Equimetre can provide a level of accepted ECG reading in donkey. No significant difference in heart response and locomotor parameters between donkey groups, although this finding needs further studies to verify it and to understand the dynamics of donkey. This study demonstrates the feasibility of Equimetre in detection HR and present initial data of heart response and locomotor in donkeys during exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To establish a standardized method of reformatting axial images for computed tomography (CT) brain examinations. Methods An anatomic line between the superior orbital rim and the base of the occipital bone (SOR-BS line) was chosen as the standardized reference line. In June 2022, CT technologists at a tertiary care center received an educational presentation and a 1-page reference handout on making standardized CT reformats. This was the quality-of-care intervention. Subsequently, 100 CT brain examinations performed on July 1 to 10, 2020 (preintervention) were analyzed and compared with 100 CT brain examinations performed on July 1 to 10, 2022 (postintervention). Results There were no significant differences in the mean angle differences measured between the preintervention (6.2 ± 5.8°) and the postintervention (5.8 ± 4.7°) groups (P = .67). However, the number of CT brain studies with an angle difference of more than 20° decreased from 4 studies to 1 study. In addition, the number of CT brain studies without reformatted images decreased from 5 to 2 studies. Discussion The cause for the less-than-optimal adoption of the expected change in CT workflow might be complex and multifactorial. However, the institution in this study is a busy tertiary care center with a chronic shortage of CT technologists. The busy workflow might have contributed to lack of significance for the parameters assessed. Conclusion There was a slight but not significant improvement between preintervention and postintervention data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Accounting & Auditing Perspective Magazine / Muhasebe ve Denetime Bakış is the property of Union of Chambers of Certified Public Accountants of Turkey (TURMOB) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering is the property of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines Makkan Arabic speakers' orthographic representation of standard and colloquial variants in their WhatsApp text messages. In particular, we examine the role that speaker gender, speaker age, gender composition of conversations, and topic of discussions play in Hadari Makkans' representation of standard and colloquial variants of the variables (th), (dh), and (Dh). Statistical analyses reveal that women favor colloquial variant stops [t] and [d], while men exhibit a preference for standard variants [θ] and [ð], particularly when conversing with other men. For (Dh), however, both women and men favor the standard variant [ðˤ]. Age also plays a role in the distribution of variants, with speakers favoring standard variants as they age. The use of fricatives [θ] and [ð] also increases when participants discuss formal topics, which suggests an implicit association between standard language and formality, despite the inherent informality of WhatsApp interactions. This study provides insights into how phonological variation is orthographically represented within a written genre designed to mimic spontaneous conversation and enriches the broader discourse on Arabic language variation and digital communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A theoretical comparison has been made for some calcium isotopes ( 2 0 Ca) which are even–even nuclei and have the atomic mass (Z = 20) with its previous experimental data. Theoretical calculations of some 2 0 Ca isotopes (A = 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52) adopted by the shell model theory were performed to calculate the transition rate B(E2), theoretical intrinsic quadruple moments ( Q 0 Th ) and theoretical deformation parameters ( β 2 , δ) Th were calculated by two methods by using different effective interactions for each isotope such as, su3fp, fpbm, fprkb, fpd6, kb3. Through code NuShellX@MSU, the single-body density matrix was calculated. The effects of the core polarization were neglected by adopting various effective charges that were employed, effective charges of conventional (Con-E), effective charges of standard (St-E) and effective charges of Bohr and Mottelson (B-M-E) which were calculated. The theoretical values of the B(E2)Th, the Q 0 Th and the ( β 2 , δ) Th were then compared with the previous experimental data where values of the transition rate B(E2)Th, theoretical intrinsic quadrupole moments Q 0 Th and theoretical deformation parameter ( β 2 , δ) Th , using the fpbm, the fpd6 and the kb3 interactions were the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research addresses the issue of the heritage preventive conservation in the perspective of energy sustainability, for contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and towards the EU Green Deal. The study analyses and compares four cases associated with different microclimate thresholds as suggested by the standard EN 16893:2018 (Cases 1–3) and as derived from the outputs of three degradation models for preserving paper, wood, and canvas paintings (Case 4). Weather-based indices (degree and gram days) were calculated to estimate trends in the potential energy demand of collection facilities in three European cities belonging to different Köppen-Geiger climate zones (Cfb, Csa, and Dfb), under recent past (1981–2010) and near/far future climate scenarios (2021–2050 and 2071–2100) from two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5). The findings suggest that adapting facilities' management strategies to focus on collections preservation can facilitate the achievement of 5 out of 17 SDGs, offering a viable alternative to costly energy retrofits and encouraging the development of shared solutions for similar facilities in the same climate zone. The results can contribute to inform the revision of EN 16893 and to face major challenges such as the preservation of paper collections in southern latitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organs-on-chips are microphysiological systems that allow to replicate the key functions of human organs and accelerate the innovation in life sciences including disease modeling, drug development, and precision medicine. However, due to the lack of standards in their definition, structural design, cell source, model construction, and functional validation, a wide range of translational application of organs-on-chips remains a challenging. "Organs-on-chips: Intestine" is the first group standard on human intestine-on-a-chip in China, jointly agreed and released by the experts from the Chinese Society of Biotechnology on 29th April 2024. This standard specifies the scope, terminology, definitions, technical requirements, detection methods, and quality control in building the human intestinal model on a chip. The publication of this group standard will guide the institutional establishment, acceptance and execution of proper practical protocols and accelerate the international standardization of intestine-on-a-chip for translational applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comfort has traditionally been assessed as a single deterministic index that can be assigned to each railway vehicle type (at a given speed on a given track quality level). However, it is now well established that passengers influence vibration and, as a consequence, occupancy level and seating arrangement influence comfort, thus turning it into a stochastic variable. The concept of Compound Comfort, presented in Palomares et al. [Is the standard ride comfort index an actual estimation of railway passenger comfort? Veh Syst Dyn. 2022;1–14. doi: ], is used in this paper to evaluate several train types. Simplified models are used as a first approximation for vibration analysis. Despite model simplicity, since the number of possible seating arrangements is intractable, a Monte Carlo procedure is used to obtain compound comfort probability density distributions from a randomised subset of cases. The results from the work presented here will show that the information provided by stochastic distributions is much richer than a single deterministic index. Nevertheless, obtaining distributions from Monte Carlo tests (numerical or experimental) is impractical for any commercial assessment of comfort. Therefore, an inference procedure is called for and has been devised in order to obtain probability density function parameters from just one tare test, along with ten runs of a half laden test. This recipe has been adapted from one presented previously to be able to accommodate the skewed distributions that emerge when a wide range of train configurations is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our objective was to explore whether a brain death determination (BDD) strategy with demonstration hospitals can accelerate the process of BDD in China. Methods: We proposed the construction standards for the BDD quality control demonstration hospitals (BDDHs). The quality and quantity of BDD cases were then analyzed. Results: A total of 107 BDDHs were established from 2013 to 2022 covering 29 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities under jurisdiction of the central government of the Chinese mainland (except Qinghai and Tibet). A total of 1,948 professional and technical personnel from these 107 BDDHs received training in BDD, 107 quality control personnel were trained in the quality control management of BDD, and 1,293 instruments for electroencephalography, short-latency somatosensory evoked potential recordings, and transcranial Doppler imaging were provided for BDD. A total of 6,735 BDD cases were submitted to the quality control center. Among the nine quality control indicators for BDD in these cases, the implementation rate, completion rate, and coincidence rate of apnea testing increased the most, reaching 99%. Conclusions: The strategy of constructing BDDHs to promote BDD is feasible and reliable. Ensuring quality and quantity is a fundamental element for the rapid and orderly popularization of BDD in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rolling Stock (1002-7602) is the property of Rolling Stock Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Steel Pipe is the property of Steel Pipe Magazine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Context: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the Indian subcontinent has increased exponentially, especially after new diagnostic criteria. Identifying women who need close monitoring is a challenge. Ultrasound has been used to guide therapy but its use in the management of GDM has been used indiscriminately due to paucity of information. The use of ultrasound to guide the number of antenatal visits for adequate glycemic control has not been researched adequately. There is also a need to contrive antenatal care strategies that can obtain optimal neonatal outcomes without burdening the health system in low-middle income countries (LMIC). AIMS: Our study was to compare pragmatic standard management of GDM with an ultrasound-guided regime (USGR) to prevent neonatal complications to ensure optimal care. Settings and Designs: A randomized controlled trial was done in a tertiary hospital between May 2019 and September 2021 in South India. Methods and Materials: Five hundred and eighty-eight women were randomized to a standard regime or USGR. Statistical Analysis: χ2 and t-test were used to compare outcomes. Results: Maternal and neonatal outcomes between standard and ultrasound USGR showed no significant difference in outcomes. Fetuses in USGR with AC ≥ 70th centile had macrosomia (3.59% vs 26.67%, P < 0.001), increased severity of diabetes (2.97% vs 16.67%, P < 0.001), 3rd- and 4th-degree perineal tear (2.95% vs 27.27%, P < 0.001). The increased number of visits did not decrease adverse outcomes. Conclusion: This small well-designed study did not show any advantage with USGR as compared to the pragmatic simple standard regime, in the treatment of women with GDM.

The aim of the paper is to examine the statistical significance of the impact of GLOBALG.A.P. certification in crop production, as well as the realized value of fruit and vegetable production on the Serbian export value in the fruit and vegetable sector in the period 2010-2021. For the purposes of inference, a multiple linear regression model is applied. It is found that the growth in the number of GLOBALG.A.P. certified producers does not affect export value in the fruit and vegetable sector (p=0.066), nor does the increase in certified areas (p=0.433). At the same time, the value of fruit and vegetable production has an impact on export value in this sector (p=0.001). The results are explained by the still low representation of GLOBALG.A.P. certification in Serbian agriculture, as a result of numerous institutional constraints, as well as financial and administrative obstacles for greater progress in this process.

Abstract The welfare of donkeys remains a compelling subject for researchers, with limited literature available on the response of the donkey cardiovascular system during strenuous exercise. The study aimed to address two primary objectives. Firstly, to assess the reliability of wearable devices in detecting heart rate (HR) and ECG readings. Secondly, to determine HR, locomotor and cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI) levels in donkeys during exercise. A total of seven donkeys were outfitted with two systems for ECG measurements, namely Equimetre and the Standard base apex, to enable a comparison between the two. Additionally, fifteen apparently healthy donkeys equipped with Equimetre were divided into two groups: the race group (R), consisting of donkeys trained for racing, and the non-race group (NR), comprising donkeys used for regular riding. The results indicated a level of agreement between the two devices in intervals R-R (P =

Abstract This research addresses the issue of the heritage preventive conservation in the perspective of energy sustainability, for contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and towards the EU Green Deal. The study analyses and compares four cases associated with different microclimate thresholds as suggested by the standard EN 16893:2018 (Cases 1–3) and as derived from the outputs of three degradation models for preserving paper, wood, and canvas paintings (Case 4). Weather-based indices (degree and gram days) were calculated to estimate trends in the potential energy demand of collection facilities in three European cities belonging to different Köppen-Geiger climate zones (Cfb, Csa, and Dfb), under recent past (1981–2010) and near/far future climate scenarios (2021–2050 and 2071–2100) from two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5). The findings suggest that adapting facilities’ management strategies to focus on collections preservation can facilitate the achievement of 5 out of 17 SDGs, offering a viable alternative to costly energy retrofits and encouraging the development of shared solutions for similar facilities in the same climate zone. The results can contribute to inform the revision of EN 16893 and to face major challenges such as the preservation of paper collections in southern latitudes.

Abstract Organs-on-chips are microphysiological systems that allow to replicate the key functions of human organs and accelerate the innovation in life sciences including disease modeling, drug development, and precision medicine. However, due to the lack of standards in their definition, structural design, cell source, model construction, and functional validation, a wide range of translational application of organs-on-chips remains a challenging. “Organs-on-chips: Intestine” is the first group standard on human intestine-on-a-chip in China, jointly agreed and released by the experts from the Chinese Society of Biotechnology on 29th April 2024. This standard specifies the scope, terminology, definitions, technical requirements, detection methods, and quality control in building the human intestinal model on a chip. The publication of this group standard will guide the institutional establishment, acceptance and execution of proper practical protocols and accelerate the international standardization of intestine-on-a-chip for translational applications.

This study systematically reviewed the Chinese and international laws, regulations and scientific guidelines regarding novel food raw materials. It clarified the basic definition of “novel food raw materials” and related concepts at home and abroad, and elaborated on the changes in the nomenclature and types of novel food raw materials in China. It also gave a brief overview of the categories and scope of novel food raw materials abroad, a general explanation of declaration information and approval management of novel food raw materials, a brief summary of China’s standards for testing novel food raw materials, and a detailed review of various analytical methods for non-microbial novel food raw materials such as liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in order to provide reference for the standardization and uniform detection of novel food raw materials in China.

Railways are a mode of public transportation that can carry large numbers of passengers and commodities and can cover long distances quickly. Based on these advantages, the railway is a mode of transportation that is in great demand by people as their choice of transportation. Thus, this will increase the intensity and frequency of departures, thereby triggering opportunities for errors to occur that threaten passengers' safety. Currently, the paper needs to present risk assessment activities in railways comprehensively. This paper will systematically review the literature on risk management concepts, risk assessment techniques, standards, and guidelines for risk management in railways. It also groups the literature to provide directions and recommendations for distances that future researchers can examine. This study encompasses a review of 60 publications on risk management, risk assessment, and risk analysis in railways from reputable and highly indexed journals over the last ten years. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted on the characteristics of models, methods, and techniques proposed in railway risk assessment. Several countries' standards, regulations, and guidelines on railway safety will also be described. The number of studies examining risk assessment at level crossings is minimal, whereas most accidents occur in this area. Many countries have legislation and guidelines but are still general and do not detail risk assessment activities in areas with a high level of risk.

The development of nuclear power plants is in three phases. The first phase is a consideration before the decision on the NPP construction program is approved, the second phase is the preparatory work for making contracts and preparing for the construction of NPP after the NPP construction policy is approved, and the third phase is contracting, licensing and building the first NPP. As a volcanically active country, Indonesia contains over 130 active volcanoes that are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. The volcanic aspect is one of the safety factors considered while deciding the location of an NPP. Research on the potential of natural external risks to the determination of nuclear power plants in Indonesia, including the volcanic aspect, has been conducted based on the safety reference or safety guide of the IAEA and the Nuclear Energy Regulatory Body (BAPETEN) Regulation. Due to technological advancements, safety needs have evolved so the existing Indonesia National Standard (SNI) must be updated to comply with BAPETEN regulations. The substance in SNI 18-2034-1990 relating to volcanic features seems less relevant in actual conditions, given that more complete and exact criteria for determining a site guarantee the safety and health of residents and surrounding the environment site. The study intends to conduct a gap analysis of volcanic issues in SNI and volcanic regulations. The method used is identification requirements for volcanic aspects in SNI 18-2034-1990 about Determining Site of Nuclear Reactor Guidance with BAPETEN Chairman Regulation (BCR) number 4 of 2018 about Nuclear Installation Site Evaluation Safety Provisions and BCR number 5 of 2015 about Evaluation of Nuclear Installation Sites for Volcanic Aspects, and analysis uses a qualitative method of inductive techniques. The outcome of this research applies to suggesting a revision of SNI number 18-2034-1990, especially the volcanic aspect.

This article delves into the critical role of NATO’s comprehensive framework for joint training and education in fostering interoperability and operational effectiveness across the alliance. It highlights the multifaceted nature of joint training and education within NATO, emphasizing its pivotal role in honing coordination, communication, and decision-making skills necessary for conducting joint military operations in complex, real-world scenarios. The article underscores the alliance’s commitment to enhancing proficiency in joint warfare and operational planning, emphasizing the collaborative efforts between NATO and member states in developing joint professional military education programs, training curricula, and educational resources. This abstract encapsulates the critical significance of NATO’s comprehensive framework for joint training and education in bolstering the alliance’s collective ability to address contemporary security challenges with unity and resolve.

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The thermophysical properties of metals and alloys play an important role in high-temperature equipment: without them, it is impossible to create reliable devices and structures in aviation, space and laser engineering, and nuclear power engineering, as well as to predict the behavior of materials under extreme conditions. From the scientific standpoint, it is interesting to study the thermophysical properties of pure metals and alloys derived from them across a wide temperature range as they constitute convenient models. The study of the thermophysical properties of aluminum alloys in relation to temperature is an important scientific problem that is of great practical significance. The present article discusses the effects of gallium addition on the corrosion-electrochemical behavior, heat capacity, and changes in thermodynamic functions of the AlBe1 aluminum alloy. The addition of gallium (up to 0.5 wt%) was shown to increase the corrosion resistance of the initial alloy in NaCl electrolyte medium. In the cooling mode, the known heat capacity of a standard M00 copper specimen was used to determine the temperature dependence of heat capacity for the AlBe1 aluminum alloy doped with gallium. With rising temperature, the heat capacity, enthalpy, and entropy of alloys were shown to increase while the Gibbs energy decreased. With a higher amount of gallium, the heat capacity, enthalpy, and entropy of the AlBe1 aluminum alloy were found to increase, with the Gibbs energy decreasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS) Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Cupping , developed under the leadership of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, was approved by WFAS. This technical benchmark was issued on October 9, 2023, and implemented on December 31, 2023. The main contents include the scope, normative references, terms and definitions, procedures and rules, and safety. This article focuses on the above contents, an outlook on the application, popularization, and update plan of this technical benchmark is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Moxibustion was organized by the World Federation of Acupuncture–Moxibustion Societies and the revision was led by Anhui University of Chinese Medicine. This document was first issued in 2013, known as Moxibustion Manipulation. The technical benchmark of moxibustion include scope, normative reference, terms and definitions, operation and requirement and safety. This article introduces the above contents, explains the difficulties in the revision and give the suggestions for the application and popularization of this standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS) Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Scalp Acupuncture , was approved by WFAS, issued on October 9, 2023, and officially implemented on December 31, 2023. This technical benchmark specifies terms and definitions, scope of application, operation steps and requirements, security requirements, etc. In the development process, the actual clinical conditions of acupuncture and moxibustion in various countries have been fully considered. This technical benchmark is applicable to global acupuncture medical institutions, conducive to the standardized use of scalp acupuncture in clinical practice, and can promote the international dissemination of scalp acupuncture in a certain degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS) Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Electroacupuncture , developed under the leadership of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, was approved by WFAS. This technical benchmark was issued on October 9, 2023, and implemented on December 31, 2023. The main contents include the scope, normative references, terms and definitions, acupuncture and moxibustion procedures and rules, and safety. This article focuses on the above contents. An outlook on the application, popularization, and update plan of this technical benchmark is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Philological sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Croatian Veterinary Reports / Hrvatski Verinarski Vjesnik is the property of Croatian Veterinary Chamber and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Fiber Inspection is the property of China Fiber Inspection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Software and Systems engineering projects in the Automotive industry are often mandated to develop according to the Automotive SPICE® standard. Despite a highly qualified workforce, many projects or organizations fail to implement compliant processes. This paper reinterprets the Automotive SPICE® standard, viewing its base practices as process requirements. Using a set of quality criteria for requirements, the subsequent evaluation of base practices for quality results in an aggregate and individual analysis of the ASPICE base practices. The analyses reveal, amongst others, deficiencies in the aspects of singularity, unambiguity, and reasoning structure. The paper proposes a public, collaborative effort to enrich the requirements with purpose, detail, and structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the study of the value conflict, which has a verbal embodiment, and in some cases it is impossible to distinguish it from a communicative (verbal, linguistic) conflict. The purpose of the article is to study the verbal embodiment of value conflict in the categories of linguoecology. Modern media abound with information about conflicts and serve as a platform for the struggle of some values with others. Common communicative benefit is that, when verbalizing conflict, the techniques of rhetorical argumentation prevail over dysphemization and invectives. All of the above determines the relevance of the article. Different linguistic units used in media discourse are considered as representatives of the conflict. For the first time, the article describes the means of representing axiological marked conflict in media space, taking into consideration the linguistic and pragmatic potential of units of different levels and its representation in media texts of different genres. Such a description contributes to the formation of skills for confident recognition of not only value problematics, but also the means of its representation in media texts, and as a result, the skills and abilities to create relevant professional media texts, diagnose media texts causing and reflecting axiologically marked, significant for linguistic culture conflicts. The novelty also lies in the study of standard and substandard units, neutral and expressive, nominative and tropeic ones, in common media text space, which can also contribute and determine the media education result, for example in creating impactful vivid media texts with an updated pragmatic effect. Media education and media literacy are mutually complementary. Predicting the language unit conflictogenicity in the media and skills to avoid it increase media literacy which is necessary for protection against cyberbullying, online fraud and other types of Internet threats. The empirical material is traditional media texts of topical issues related to different genres, posted on the official websites of media. Not only traditional linguistic descriptions and class stratification, but also elements of contextual and transformational analysis have been chosen as research methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Railways are a mode of public transportation that can carry large numbers of passengers and commodities and can cover long distances quickly. Based on these advantages, the railway is a mode of transportation that is in great demand by people as their choice of transportation. Thus, this will increase the intensity and frequency of departures, thereby triggering opportunities for errors to occur that threaten passengers' safety. Currently, the paper needs to present risk assessment activities in railways comprehensively. This paper will systematically review the literature on risk management concepts, risk assessment techniques, standards, and guidelines for risk management in railways. It also groups the literature to provide directions and recommendations for distances that future researchers can examine. This study encompasses a review of 60 publications on risk management, risk assessment, and risk analysis in railways from reputable and highly indexed journals over the last ten years. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted on the characteristics of models, methods, and techniques proposed in railway risk assessment. Several countries' standards, regulations, and guidelines on railway safety will also be described. The number of studies examining risk assessment at level crossings is minimal, whereas most accidents occur in this area. Many countries have legislation and guidelines but are still general and do not detail risk assessment activities in areas with a high level of risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rising demand for marine resources has led to a great interest in seabed exploration and mining, while deep-sea environments are faced with cumulative effects of many human activities. Currently, conducting an environmental impact assessment for deep-sea exploration and mining is challenging due to the dynamic nature and a lack of high-quality data. The International Seabed Authority (ISA), which charges with regulating human activities on the seabed beyond the continental shelf, requires contractors to establish both geological and environmental baselines. Also, the ISA provides a general environmental guideline for exploring various seabed resources. However, standardization of its implementation would need to be addressed with specified technical international standards. The marine technology subcommittee of International Standardization Organization (ISO) contributes to the study of standards on deep-sea geological, geophysical and biological surveys, also on marine environmental protection. In this review, we explore two broad aspects of ISO standards: (1) the development of marine geological and geophysical exploration standard, which may help to establish geological map in the seabed area. (2) the current state of development of a series of Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (MEIA) standards, which could standardize the environmental surveys and monitoring activities in the seabed area. We also consider the standardization gap between MEIA and seabed mining, and propose future focus on coordination relationship between marine exploration and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rolling Stock (1002-7602) is the property of Rolling Stock Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The LF & HF voltage, current and microwave metrology section of the CSIR-National Physical Laboratory plays an imperative role in the metrological investigations in the country as it follows the lawful obligations of the NPL charter of developing and maintaining national standards of HF voltage, LF voltage and current, phasor measurement unit and microwave power parameters. For over three decades, the section has been religiously dedicated to performing national obligations and delivering national calibration, testing and measuring services. Still, there is inadequate awareness, insight and perception related to the role of metrological traceability, calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs) to the clients, academia, industries and government laboratories. Hence there is a dire need to educate and provide the required information to the end users. Keeping this in mind, this paper provides necessary details of the facilities, technologies and CMCs of the section to the common masses. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) and Asia Pacific Metrology Programme key/supplementary comparisons are also described in the paper, which has helped the group improve and attain greater heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The unique properties of nanomaterials have turned them into an emerging threat for humans and the environment. This study therefore aimed to review exposure control measures proposed for nanomaterial-involved activities. Methods. This study is based on the published guidelines of different organizations on safe handling of nanomaterials. The search for documents was provided using the keywords 'Exposure controls', 'Good practices', 'Working safely', 'Safe practices', 'Handling safely', 'Safety guide' and 'Safety and health', combined with 'Nanomaterials', 'Nanotechnology' and 'Nanoparticles' on different databases and websites. Results. Thirty-one guidelines from 27 organizations were included. Most of the guidelines recommended engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective equipment (PPE). Changing the physical form of nanomaterials or the process, using prevention through design (PtD) and using green chemistry principals were other suggestions to reduce exposure to nanomaterials. Conclusions. Considering the difficulty of implementation and case specificity of the solutions of the first two priorities of the hierarchy of controls (elimination and substitution), the emphasis of the guidelines on the next three priorities for controlling exposure to nanomaterials is understood. The type and method of using PPE and engineering controls should be resolved by referring to cutting-edge articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Educational Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Fiber Inspection is the property of China Fiber Inspection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Steel Pipe is the property of Steel Pipe Magazine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article considers issues related to measuring the wave impedance and complex reflection and transmission coefficients of devices operating at super high frequencies in coaxial waveguides. It is important to measure these parameters in the design and manufacture of communication and data transmission systems, as well as radar and radio navigation systems. In order to ensure measurement uniformity, reproduction, and dissemination of the units of wave impedance and complex reflection and transmission coefficients to measuring instruments with 1 mm coaxial connectors within the frequency range of 0.01–67 GHz, GET 75-2023 State primary standard of the unit of wave impedance in coaxial waveguides was approved. The system comprises means of reproducing the unit of wave impedance and complex reflection coefficients, as well as a comparator and transfer standards in a coaxial path having a cross-section of 1.0/0.434 mm with a 1 mm connector. Expressions for calculating the parameters of coaxial waveguides with bimetallic conductors are refined. The technical characteristics and results of metrological studies of GET 75-2023 are given. The study results confirmed the high accuracy of GET 75-2023, whose metrological characteristics are comparable with those of national metrological institutes in other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in rural domestic sewage and farmland drainage has not been effectively controlled. The development of“ecological purification technology”, a representative measure to solve such pollution, has attracted wide attention. This paper analyzes the ecological purification technology of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in rural domestic sewage and farmland drainage from three perspectives of technology development, technical standards and technical system. The development of technology starts with the analysis and introduction of the current research progress of popular ecological purification technologies. Through the investigation and collation of the promotion and application of these technologies in China, the development characteristics of these technologies in different regions of China are sorted out, and the difficulties faced by the application of current ecological purification technologies are summarized. At present, the relevant departments only pay attention to the compliance rate of effluent quality in the supervision of ecological purification projects, and lack effective post-maintenance and opinion survey feedback. In terms of technical standards, this paper sorts out a series of standards on ecological purification projects that have been issued and implemented, and believes that comprehensive benefit evaluation methods should be introduced to improve the evaluation system of ecological purification projects in China. In terms of technical system, the single technology is classified according to the interception and repairability of ecological purification technology, and the corresponding technical combination system is summarized for rural domestic sewage and farmland drainage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our previous work introduced and evaluated a standard for surface absorbed dose rate per unit radioactivity to water from unsealed alpha‐emitting radionuclides used in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). An overall uncertainty over 4.0% at k = 1 was reported for the absorbed dose to air measurements, which was partially attributed to the rotational alignment uncertainty in the geometrical setup. Purpose: A printed circuit board (PCB) with a segmented guard was constructed to align the extrapolation chamber (EC) and the source plates using a differential capacitance technique. The PCB EC aimed to enhance the repeatability of the ionization current measurements. The PCB EC was evaluated using a thin film 210Po source. The measured absorbed dose to air cavity was compared with the Monte Carlo (MC) calculations. Using the extrapolation method, the surface absorbed dose rate to water was calculated. Methods: The PCB EC was constructed with a 4.50 mm diameter collector surrounded by four sectors and a guard electrode. The sectors were isolated for rotational alignment and later connected to the guard for ionization current measurements. A bridge circuit measured differential capacitance between opposing sectors, and a hexapod motion stage rotated the source substrate to minimize the differential capacitance. The EC was evaluated using a 210Po source with a 3.20 mm diameter and 1.253 μ$\mu $Ci radioactivity. MC simulations were performed to calculate the kpoint${k}_{point}$, kbackscatter${k}_{backscatter}$, and kdiv${k}_{div}$ correction factors. Ionization current measurements were performed for air gaps in the 0.3–0.525 mm range and surface absorbed dose rate to water was calculated. Results: Rotational offsets of up to 3.0° were found and the current repeatability was found to increase with the absorbed dose to air uncertainty calculated to be ∼2.0%. Using the capacitance method, the effective EC diameter was measured to be 4.53 mm. The recombination, polarity, and electrometer corrections were reported to be within 1.00% across all measurement trials. The MC‐calculated correction factors were calculated to be much larger than the recombination and polarity correction factors. The average kpoint${k}_{point}$, kbackscatter${k}_{backscatter}$, and kdiv${k}_{div}$ corrections were calculated to be 1.063, 0.9402, and 2.136, respectively. The MC‐calculated absorbed dose to air was found to overestimate the absorbed dose by over 4.00% when compared with the measured absorbed dose to air. The surface absorbed dose rate to water was calculated to be 2.304×10−6$2.304 \times {10}^{ - 6}$ Gy/s/Bq with an overall uncertainty of 4.07%. Conclusions: The constructed PCB EC was deemed suitable as an absorbed dose standard. A repeatable rotational alignment was achieved using the differential capacitance technique. The metal electrodes on the PCB made a difference of < 1.00% on the backscatter correction when compared to the EC comprised of polystyrene‐equivalent collector. A 20% difference in the surface absorbed dose rate to water was found between the two ECs, which is attributed to the cavity diameter differences leading to different magnitudes of dose fall‐off along the lateral direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations can implement an innovation management system in order to address the multidimensional challenges they often have in their practical innovation work. Until the ISO 56002 standard was released in 2019, there was no international standard for the design of innovation management systems. The standard provides support as a framework and highlights important systems elements. We studied two early adopters that have used this international standard to design their innovation management systems. Based on the study findings, we devised a practical approach for framing the design of an innovation management system. The approach includes a set of steps and critical considerations that include understanding a company's innovation ambitions and direction, analyzing the systemic dimensions of the system (the elements and how they interconnect), and introducing a balanced set of control mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land cover (LC) plays a crucial role in the monitoring and planning of the environment among various domains, such as climate change, the management of natural resources, and sustainable development. However, inconsistent LC legends hamper their usability, particularly as technologies, like remote sensing, rapidly improve data quality and quantity for extracting valuable information. Ontologies play a pivotal role in improving the standardization and harmonization of different LC taxonomies, enabling both a reduction in inconsistencies and a way to harness ever-increasing computing power to help scientists provide faster and better answers. However, using ontologies without suitable tools, especially when expressive power is matched with complexity, can prove a daunting task. This paper introduces the land characterization system (LCHS), an innovative tool built to support the ontology discussed in the ISO 19144-2 standard, known as Land Cover Meta Language (LCML). The LCHS can help streamline and speed up the creation and editing of LC legends using a data-driven design approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]