Search

The cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverters are the prominent inverters used for renewable energy applications. Fault-tolerant operation is one of the foremost concerns to safeguard the continuous operation of the system under a fault on semiconductor switches and DC power supplies. A novel hybrid CHB inverter is proposed by adding a seven-level boost SLB module in cascade with the H-bridge modules. The proposed topology ensures the reliable and dynamic operation of the inverter during the occurrence of a fault. In addition to the fault-tolerant capability of the SLB inverter, the proposed design provides the voltage boosting and self-balancing of the switched capacitors. Extensive simulation results at different operating conditions substantiate the concept of the proposed novel fault-tolerant inverter structure. The prototype system is developed in the laboratory and the experimental results validate the proposed system configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CMOS logic gates inevitably generate timing jitter as they propagate digital signals. A portion of this jitter is a fundamental property of CMOS gates which cannot be eliminated or reduced, and thereby imposes a lower limit to achievable circuit jitter. The value of this intrinsic jitter of each gate is very small, but can be measured with a dedicated test circuit composed of chains of CMOS inverters. The measurements of the circuit also lead to the determination of the component of jitter which is caused by noise of the power supply which operates the gates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Switched reluctance motors (SRMs) offer several advantages, including a magnet- and winding-free rotor, high mechanical strength, and exceptional output efficiency. However, the doubly salient pole structure and high-frequency switching power supply result in significant torque ripple and electromagnetic noise, which limit the application in the field of new energy vehicles. To address these issues, this paper proposes a direct instantaneous torque control (DITC) strategy based on an optimal switching angle torque sharing function (TSF). Firstly, an improved cosine TSF is designed to reasonably distribute the total reference torque among the phases, stabilizing the synthesized torque of SRM during the commutation interval. Subsequently, an improved artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is used to obtain the optimal switching angle data at various speeds, integrating these data into the torque distribution module to derive the optimal switching angle model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated through simulations of an 8/6-pole SRM. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy effectively suppresses torque ripple during commutation and reduces the peak current at the beginning of phase commutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the operation method of an intelligent fault isolation device (IFID), which can detect and estimate faults in rapid and accurate ways considering the slope characteristics of fault currents with distribution line constants. Namely, the proposed operation method in IFID calculates the slope of the fault current with distribution line constants, and reduces its operation time by comparing the calculated slope value to the setting value to detect and evaluate the fault condition. Moreover, this paper implements the DC 400 V, 10 kW scaled IFID consisting of hardware (H/W) and software (S/W) sections based on the proposed operation method. The H/W section is composed of main and current limit switches, a current limit resistor, voltage and current sensors, and switching mode power supply (SMPS). Also, the S/W section consists of a control board and code composer studio (CCS) to calculate the slope characteristics of the fault current and control the semiconductor device. From the test results based on the proposed operation method, it was found that the IFID considering the slope characteristics of fault currents can detect and evaluate the fault condition and limit the fault current faster than the existing method to consider the fault current only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In power and data synchronous transmission (PDST), it is crucial to modulate additional signals onto the voltage bus of the converters. This reduces the cost of monitoring and control of the power grid. There is thus the need to ensure that the data transmitted is well secured. This study, designs an electronic system that uses the common coupling point for PDST. Then Chua's memristive circuit is introduced as an entropy source for generating a random bit sequence for encrypted PDST in a switched mode power supply. The encrypted data signal is modulated using phase shift key modulation. Thereafter, the carrier signal is pulse width modulation modulated to control the switching operation of the power switch. The use of Chua's memristive circuit for generating a random number is not new; however, there is little study directly adopting its use in PDST. This allows for resource sharing since multiple signal sources can share the same bus without interference or security risk. The generated random bits are tested for randomness using National Institute of Standards and Technology test suite and autocorrelation test. MATLAB/Simulink and experimental results both confirm the effectiveness of the proposed data encryption method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes an isolated high‐efficiency resonant LED driver with wide‐input voltage range. The proposed converter is developed by integrating LCC resonant converter and buck‐boost converter. In this topology, the LCC network provides many features including the integration of buck‐boost filter inductor and the transformer magnetizing inductance. In addition, the LCC network provides zero voltage switching (ZVS) operation of the main switches and zero current switching (ZCS) operation of the rectifier diodes over a wide variation of duty cycle operation. Also, load‐independent output current characteristic with improved efficiency is obtained at the resonant frequency operation which is well‐suited for LED applications. Other topology variations of the proposed converter generating step‐up and step‐down voltage gains are introduced for applications with different input voltage ranges. To validate the theoretical analysis and LED driver operation, a 50 W laboratory prototype of the proposed LED driver is implemented for the wide input voltage of 18–40 V to deliver 500 mA output current to a string of 1–30 LEDs, which corresponds to an output voltage range of 3.3–100 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the parameters of commercial S-band CW magnetrons with a power of 1 kW and evaluates the possibility of using them in a pulsed mode for accelerator technology. Commercial CW magnetrons as standard have excellent pulse characteristics: pulse power control range with high efficiency up to 8 kW, pulse duration from 0.3 μs to continuous mode, and repetition rate of at least 1 MHz. A mode for generating sequences of paired pulses with an adjustable time shift from 1 μs is possible. The parameters take place both in the auto-generation mode and in the synchronization mode with an external signal. A high-voltage switching power supply with adjustable parameters was used for measurements. On a passive resistive load, the source provides a high output voltage of 4.0–5.2 kV, output current up to 3A in pulse mode and 0.5 A in average mode, pulse duration from 0.1 μs, pulse rise less than 0.1 μs, and repetition rate up to 1 MHz. The studied CW magnetrons can be used in pulsed mode in microwave technology, accelerator technology, and for scientific purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the widespread application of EMI filters, a method to improve power density has become a main concern in switch mode power supplies. Many previous works have been done for improving the EMI filtering performance of chokes. This article investigates an integrated choke structure that can minimize the leakage magnetic flux, enlarge the DM inductance, and improve the DM noise suppression performance. Compared to discrete EMI filter inductors, the proposed stacked choke scheme can integrate CM and DM chokes into toroidal cores by applying a combination of different types of toroidal cores. The proposed inductor can exhibit better DC magnetic saturation characteristic. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, impedance measurement, insertion loss and conducted EMI noise spectrums (150 kHz–30 MHz) are used to validate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the proposed equivalent magnetic reluctance models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript proposes a novel transformer-less, single-switch direct current (DC)-DC converter for renewable energy systems (RESs). The main aim is to solve the problems of low output voltage generated by photovoltaic (PV) arrays and discontinuous input supply current caused by switching mode power supplies. The new converter is a combination of a single-ended primary inductor, a diode/capacitor circuit, and a conventional quadratic boost converter. The main advantages are the higher rate of voltage conversion (more than 10 times for duty cycle above 50%), the diminished voltage across the active switch with diodes, and diminished gate driver necessity because of the use of a single switch with a continual input current for raising the PV panel life. Furthermore, the new converter produces low switching voltage, which improves system efficiency. The proposed converter operating principle and analysis based on steady-state performance are discussed. The proposed converter's performance is assessed using simulation in MATLAB/Simulink, and the results were presented. A 100 W prototype model of the designed DC-DC converter is also developed, and finally, the hardware results were compared with the simulated results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Macro Fiber Composites (MFCs) exhibit significant potential in active control applications. These include vibration control for unmanned aerial vehicle wings and helicopter rotors. However, the high-voltage drive requirements of MFCs present challenges. The miniaturization of the controller is a mandatory condition in order not to affect the overall space utilization. Thus, this paper presents a specialized miniaturized high-voltage control system designed specifically for MFC actuators. The proposed system employs a mixed analog-digital modulation method (ADM). This method precisely regulates a discontinuous conduction mode flyback switch-mode power supply operating in current mode. The system achieves an adjustable high-voltage output range of -500 V to 1500 V. The mixed control system consists of several components. These include a switching power supply, a voltage divider circuit, a bleeder circuit, and a digital controller. Additionally, this high-voltage control system integrates with a Simulink software environment. The system is compact and lightweight. It also features high load capacity, high power, and excellent dynamic response. Moreover, it offers real-time control capabilities. Experimental validation on a high-aspect-ratio wing demonstrates that this control system achieves a vibration reduction effect of 65%. The miniaturized control system provides a valuable research base for vibration control studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The linear power amplifier (LPA) suffers from low power supply utilization in the DC power supply mode, leading to reduced output efficiency. This paper constructs an efficient power supply mode based on closed‐loop dynamic power supply system (CLDPSs). The CLDPSs can generate a pair of bipolar dynamic power supplies based on a predetermined signal to provide power to LPA, which can maintain a small voltage drop between the power supply and the output of LPA, thereby improving the power supply utilization of LPA. In addition, the study also focuses on the conflicting relationship between the output ripple and the dynamic performance of the CLDPSs, for which a new parametric design of the LC filter circuit is proposed, aiming to achieve a balance between these two aspects. Finally, a voice coil motor driving platform is constructed for experimental testing. The results demonstrate that the output ripple and dynamic performance of the CLDPSs can be balanced. In comparison to the DC power supply mode, the CLDPSs power supply mode can enhance the efficiency of LPA by 2 times while the driving accuracy of voice coil motor is basically unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase-shifted full-bridge converter is often used as an on-board DC/DC converter because of its advantages of easy control and low loss. The use of a spread spectrum modulation technique can reduce the conducted common mode electromagnetic interference. However, the spectrum expansion of periodic pulse width modulation is not strong enough and is accompanied by spectral overlapping phenomenon in the high-frequency band. In addition, the chaotic pulse width modulation generates a large number of low-frequency components and the spectrum expansion is not controllable. In this paper, discrete chaotic sequences are used to modulate the modulation frequency of the periodic function for the second time to enhance the harmonic side-band extension capability of the periodic pulse width modulation, and to solve the problem of the accumulation of the low-frequency harmonic components caused by the chaotic pulse width modulation, and the introduction of the wide-band characteristics of the chaotic sequences can alleviate the overlapping phenomenon of the spectrum in the high-frequency band. Through the whale optimization algorithm, the relevant modulation parameters affecting the periodic-chaotic pulse width modulation–modulation frequency fm and frequency extension range Δf are optimized. Finally, a 500W phase-shifted full-bridge converter experimental prototype verifies that period-chaos pulse-width modulation has better common mode EMI attenuation characteristics when compared with period pulse-width modulation and chaotic pulse-width modulation. In addition, it verifies the accuracy of the optimized parameters. The modulation means and optimization methods proposed in this paper can be used to reduce the conducted electromagnetic interference in switching power supplies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to estimate the Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor's (MOSFET) junction temperature, guessing in real time the dynamic drain-source resistance during MOSFET operation in LLC (Inductor-Inductor-Capacitor) converters usually adopted in Switched-Mode Power Supplies. The task is accomplished using an on-state voltage measurement circuit that allows clamping of the high-voltage drain-source voltage during the off-state. The results of this method have been compared with the temperature accurately measured using a co-packed die as a thermal sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiated emissions (RE) testing has long been a challenge in the development of a switched mode power supply (SMPS) with respect to electromagnetic compatibility performance. Accurate far‐field RE prediction can effectively help SMPS designers reveal and understand the mechanisms of radiation generation, and reasonably suppress it. In this paper, a model for predicting the radiation from a single excitation source and a parasitic radiator for a flyback adapter are proposed after analysing the common mode voltage and current paths. Then, novel methods are proposed to predict the far‐field RE of the flyback adapter based on measurements and electromagnetic simulations. Using these methods, the 10‐m far‐field radiation of the flyback adapter under the curved cables layout is accurately predicted and verified by experiments. Then, the characteristics and influencing factors of the radiation are analysed, including the far‐field patterns, the load volume, and the sag degree of the output cable. Finally, a suppression design of the capacitor‐inductor (CL) notch filter is designed for the frequency points that are above the standard limits, and the RE are reduced to less than 30 dBµV/m from 30 to 300 MHz. The research methods proposed in this paper have good reference significance for radiation analysis and prediction of power electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) research, the knowledge of the formation mechanism of the far field electromagnetic radiation and its prediction is essential for the electromagnetic noise suppression design of a switched mode power supply. This paper investigates the equivalent driving sources of the common mode (CM) current of a Buck converter with cables. Based on the concept of CM voltage mutation, this paper proposes two mechanism models of the same‐direction CM voltage driving mode and the opposite‐direction CM voltage driving mode and derives the approximate analytical formulas for the far field intensity estimation of the horizontal cables. To evaluate the predictive effectiveness of the CM far field radiation model, a 30 MHz very high frequency (VHF) Buck prototype with shielded cables is built and tested, and a shielding shell and low impedance ground conductor suppression designs are then verified. The CM electromagnetic radiation mechanisms of a non‐isolated power converter are demonstrated here. The proposed electromagnetic radiation models, approximate analytical formulas, and improvement design can help to advance the CM radiation analysis and optimization design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a buck converter in which the inductor has been replaced by a transmission line. This approach would be practically conceivable if the power supply and load had a greater spatial distance. Alternatively, the model derived in this way could also be regarded as an intermediate model in order to replace a power coil via discretization with a larger number of smaller coils and capacitors. In the time domain, this new converter can be described by a system of coupled partial and ordinary differential equations. In the frequency domain, a transcendental transfer function is obtained. For comparison with an equivalently parameterized conventional converter, Padé approximants are derived. A linear controller is designed for the converter topology under consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of electric vehicles (EVs) has been incremental because EVs satisfy a significant demand for energy sources. Electronic control unit (ECU) is an important component that processes the electric signals received from various sensors for generating the control signals for the actuators. Automotive control systems were initially operated manually throughout the automotive revolution based on the responses of input signals received from ECUs and drivers. Most of the functions in EV are controlled by the ECU and every ECU consumes power at all times even if it is not in use. The larger power consumption of passive ECUs like adaptive lighting systems (ALS), automatic wiper systems (AWS) brake light systems (BLS), etc., affect the life of ECUs and the range of EVs. This article is primarily concerned with limiting power consumption by switching the power supply to the passive ECUs based on their requirements. Hence, to achieve the objective, the intelligent zone (i-zone) based master ECU is triggered to activate the slave ECUs. Designing suites including Proteus and KiCAD were used for designing the circuits including master as well as slave ECU. This prototype is built using three secondary ECUs such as ALS & AWS and BLS which are controlled using i-zone-based master ECU. The performance of this implemented design is evaluated, and it is discovered that almost 40% of the battery consumption is reduced. This i-zone-based master ECU and all its slave ECUs manage power while ensuring the safety and reliability of EVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A suite of diagnostics used to assess impurity content and dynamics has been updated, upgraded, and installed on the Pegasus-III Experiment. Typical plasma parameters during local helicity injection start-up are τshot ∼ 10 ms, ne ∼ 1 × 1019 m−3, and Te ∼ 50 eV. The deployed diagnostics are compatible with this modest temperature and density regime and provide species identification, source localization, and estimation of radiation losses. Impurity species are determined by recording time-evolving, single line-of-sight spectra at 1.25 kfps using a SPRED (Survey, Poor Resolution, Extended Domain) vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer. SPRED is equipped with 450 g/mm grating, giving a spectral resolution of 0.33 nm and a spectral range from ∼10 to 110 nm, useful to identify light impurity species in this temperature and density range. An absolutely calibrated spectrometer that collects light from the plasma at Rtan = 15.9 cm and Δt ≥ 2 ms is used as a visible survey spectrometer and for continuum measurements. The radiated power from the plasma is estimated with a photodiode-based diagnostic. Two 16-channel absolute extreme ultraviolet diode arrays are placed behind pinhole apertures, resulting in 32 lines of sight at Z = 0, with a spatial resolution of 2–3 cm and a time response of 60 kHz. A photometrically calibrated collinear Dα/near infrared filtered photodiode-based system measures the Dα emission and around 1040 nm. All these instruments have been designed to suppress electromagnetic interference from megawatt-class switching power supplies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ongoing push for miniaturization and increased computational power in electronic devices has intensified thermal management challenges, especially in harsh environments with extreme heat, moisture, vapour, dust, and vibration. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of both direct and indirect cooling methods, focusing on heat transfer efficiency, optimization techniques, and practical applications. It emphasizes the critical importance of thermal management for maintaining the performance, reliability, and durability of electronic systems under tough conditions. The review explores advanced materials and cooling technologies, including the role of Thermal Interface Materials (TIMs) in prolonging the lifespan of Integrated Circuits (ICs) and the use of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) in substrate boards for versatile thermal management. It also discusses the effectiveness of Liquid Cold Plates for battery module thermal management and the potential of micro-channel liquid cooling systems in Switching Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) boards. By offering detailed insights into thermal design principles, the paper guides engineers in optimizing IC chip placement and improving system reliability. Additionally, it examines the evolution of traditional cooling methods, the rise of innovative techniques like thermoelectric cooling, and the impact of advancements in materials, design, and manufacturing on energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. The review highlights promising research areas and emerging technologies, contributing to the development of more efficient, reliable, and eco-friendly cooling solutions for extreme environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a fault diagnosis method for flyback switching power supply. The proposed method integrates input current and output voltage information to improve fault diagnosis accuracy. The flyback switching power supply's signal characteristics and fault separability are analyzed. Time domain features and frequency band wavelet packet dispersion entropy features are constructed to form multidimensional feature vectors that fuse time and frequency information, which enhances fault separability. Then, the MIV algorithm is used to screen the features to reduce the redundant information. Additionally, the diagnostic method of the NGO‐SVM model is proposed to optimize the multiclass SVM model by using NGO to improve the diagnosis model generalization performance. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper has good diagnostic effect for both single and multiple faults, and the diagnostic accuracy is up to 98.3% under ideal conditions, and up to 96.8% in the presence of noise interference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Switching power supply is widely used in industrial equipment, household appliances, and other fields due to the advantages of high integration and lightweight. Voltage sags can seriously affect the output voltage of switching power supply and the working condition of its power supply equipment; at the same time, the working scenarios of power equipment using switching power supply often have different level of harmonic problems. Considering the continuous innovation of switching power supply technology, the previous analysis and test results on the effect of voltage sags and harmonics on switching power supplies may no longer be applicable. The paper reveals the mechanism of the effect of harmonic alone as well as voltage sag superimposed harmonics on the output voltage of the switching power supply. Then the test research program was developed, and four different brands switching power supplies were selected for the test research, with which the effects of different amplitude voltage sags, harmonics with different frequencies and distortion, as well as voltage sag superimposed harmonics on the output voltage of switching power supplies were investigated. The results show that the tolerance ability of switching power supplies to voltage sags has been improved compared with previous switching power supplies, and the harmonic itself has less effect on the output voltage of switching power supply, but the joint action of harmonics and voltage sags will have a greater effect on the output voltage of switching power supply. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Switched-mode power supplies (SMPSs) are single-switch, two-state, dc/dc power electronic converters and can be generally classified into buck, boost, and buck–boost converters according to voltage transfer functions. There are more than 33 SMPSs with different characteristics in terms of their current and voltage ripples, voltage and current stresses, and their being voltage/current sourced. Although they are usually employed in the dc/dc mode, these SMPSs can be connected differentially to operate as single- and three-phase dc/ac inverters; hence, they are used in low-power applications. The resultant inverters will behave differently according to the topologies that they are descendant from. Several publications have presented differential-mode single-phase inverters (DMSIs) for low-power applications, focusing on their suitability for renewable energy systems. These proposals have mainly focused on boost and buck–boost configurations, with less focus on the buck inverter topologies. Also, several possible configurations for other DMSIs have not yet been proposed or discussed. This paper proposes a comprehensive review of the different possible configurations of the DMSIs, illustrating a systematic method by which to generate and explore them. The paper will mainly categorize the DMSIs in terms of their voltage transfer function and will then discuss the topologies, presenting the main advantages and disadvantages of each one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports a research study on sliding electrical contacts of copper–diamond materials, involving modeling and validation, contact status simulations, and parametric studies. The simulation model includes the analyses of both mechanical and electrical heat sources, evaluations of heat partition and temperature, and the capture of material thermal softening, plastic deformation, and material removal. The simulation model is validated through result comparison with experimental average temperature and measured wear. With this model, temperature variation and surface wear accumulation were numerically predicted under the influences of material property variations. Factors influencing wear of the copper surfaces were explored, and parameter sensitivity was investigated by means of the Taguchi L18 matrix. The results reveal that thermally related parameters of the contact interface strongly affect the wear of the copper pin, and thermal conductivity of its mating surface material is of critical importance. The research also suggests that the electromagnetic field change due to switching the polarity of the power supply does not affect the friction and wear results; however, the polarity change influences material electrochemistry, which results in a difference in friction and wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Logistics today has been an integral part of the world, responsible for major trades of goods, medicines, products, and services. However, logistics face a big problem when it comes to goods that require a constant or a near about temperature to be maintained while being on the road. Using a temperature control system can help largely reduce the problem, thus saving time, money, and resources. The proposed container can be used to store temperature sensitive items such as medicines or general purpose/day to day items or food and beverages. In this paper, we discuss a temperature-controlled container that can be used to transport such temperature sensitive items. The main technology being used in the container would be thermoelectric Peltier (TEC). The container shall be user controlled via a keypad accompanied with several safety features such as over temperature protection, emergency shutdown button, display to view the current/set temperatures and have a docked/portable power supply system. The power supply and power converter for the board has been made completely in-house using detailed PCB's. Calculations for the power requirement and its efficiency have been discussed in depth. Such a product shall provide great help to logistics and medical industry. Material of the box (HDPE) could sustain wide temperature changes and the efficiency of the overall system was 70 percent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Elektronik Industrie is the property of Hüthig GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Elektronik Industrie is the property of Hüthig GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Switching power supply is now developing towards high-frequency soft-switching and high power density, the volume of magnetic components is greatly reduced, and the excitation inductance of transformer no longer meets the assumption of large excitation inductance in traditional analysis. Under this background, the influence of the weak excitation inductance on the full-bridge circuit was analyzed, and proposed that the full-bridge circuit can achieve autonomous soft-switching through the charging and discharging of the capacitor under the condition of the weak excitation inductance. The autonomous soft-switching of the full-bridge converter can be realized when the duty ratio is large. Through principle analysis and calculation, relationship between the charge and discharge of the switch body capacitance and the inductance current and the time constant was obtained, and the above principle through simulation were verified . Finally, an experimental platform with a working frequency of 200 kHz was built to verify the above analysis and simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As energy demand increases, the investment cost of photovoltaic (PV) systems decreases due to mass production. That results the usage of PV panels to become widespread. Changes in environmental conditions result in a change in the power produced by PV panels. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is proposed to handle this problem. In addition to changing environmental conditions, the current ripple of the PV panel is another significant problem for the power produced. High current ripples affect the dynamic response of the PV panels and make it difficult to maintain the system to operate at maximum power point. Using an interleaved boost converter (IBC) and driving the converters in critical conduction mode (CRM) is a well-known solution for reducing high current ripple and switching losses in power supplies. In this study, an IBC operating in CRM with MPPT and ensuring low current ripple from the panels is proposed. To verify the theoretical approach, experimental and simulation studies were conducted. A 30 W prototype is designed and tested under various conditions. The MPPT efficiency of the prototype circuit is measured as 98.1%. It has been seen that the real-time and simulation results are in accordance with the theoretical ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the characteristics and performance of magnetic core materials, including Silicon Steel, Amorphous, Ferrite, and Nanocrystalline, that are suitable for use in a switched-mode power supply (SMPS). The study examines the magnetic capability of the system within a frequency range of 10–17 kHz in order to assess the effectiveness of galvanic isolation. The study presents a systematic approach and provides an illustrative example to elucidate the process of designing an effective galvanic isolation for power electronics converters. The American Wire Gauge (AWG) standard is used to determine the appropriate wire for the windings. The selection of ferrite materials N-97 and N-92 is based on their favorable characteristics, including high permeability, low losses, and a satisfactory working temperature. The paper presents three comprehensive designs utilizing Ferrite cores across several operating frequencies. In the first design, utilizing Ferrite N-97 at a frequency of 10 kHz, the combined losses from the core and winding amounted to 2.148 W. Conversely, the second design consumes 35.16 W. The galvanic losses for the third design amount to 11.58 W. Every design possesses a certain core and Bobbin form. All three magnetic designs undergo verification to ensure that they are not saturated. An in-depth analysis and simulation of a 1 kW full-bridge DC-DC converter have been validated using "Ansys Software." An investigation of magnetic performance was conducted to assess the various core materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]