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Today, studies to develop absorption refrigeration cycles that use low and medium temperature cheap and clean energy sources in the field of refrigeration have gained momentum. In this study, analyzes have been made with the assumption that NH3-H2O and LiBr-H2O working fluids are used in the single-effect absorption refrigeration system and the energy required for this refrigeration system is provided by solar energy. For the provinces of Antalya and Kocaeli, which are selected from our two regions with different solar energy potential, the collector areas and collector efficiencies required to operate the system when the absorption refrigeration systems are operated with the vacuum tube collectors supported by solar energy have been calculated separately according to the months. At the end of the study, the solar utilization rates (SF) have been calculated in detail these two different working fluids and compared with each other in order for the analyzed systems to benefit from solar energy in the most economical way. In the SF analysis conducted to utilize solar energy economically, the collector areas found suitable for LiBr-H2O and NH3- H2O fluid pairs for Antalya have been calculated as 65 and 105 m² with SF ratios of 78.4% and 75.2%, respectively. For Kocaeli, the economically feasible collector areas have been calculated as 85 and 135 m² for LiBr-H2O and NH3-H2O pairs with SF ratios of 76.2% and 71.6%, respectively. Turkey has a rich potential in terms of solar energy due to its geographical location, and meeting the increasing energy need for refrigeration with this potential will make a significant contribution to our economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic Accounting (E-accounting) is considered a new concept in the field of accounting. E-accounting replaces paper with electronic sources for accounting records and documentation. It retains a lot of time, zeal, paper and funds for any type of organisation. New software for recording accounting transactions is released every day which is giving technological improvements. E-accounting is characterised as the use of Internet technologies and online applications for business accounting. Additionally, it helps organisations maintain their accounting software and financial data in a secure manner while granting authorised users real-time access regardless of location or computer platform. The objective of the paper is to understand the basic concept of E-accounting, the characteristics of E-accounting, its benefits and drawbacks, and its conclusion. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the implications of E-accounting in modern companies. The review of related literature that was used to develop the study’s theoretical framework served as the secondary source of data for this report. According to surveys, many businesses fail not just due to low-quality products, a lack of qualified employees, or managerial problems, but also because of bad accounting procedures. It has been determined that the company needs to switch to current accounting procedures from outdated ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the complementary strengths of Bayesian networks, decision trees, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and Markov models, this endeavor intends to completely revamp clinical decision-making. In order to provide instantaneous access to image-driven insights and clinical decision support systems (CDSS), want to create a revolutionary framework that merges these cutting-edge methods with cloud-enabled technologies. The proposed framework gives a comprehensive perspective of patient data by merging the probabilistic reasoning of Bayesian networks with the interpretability of decision trees, the pattern recognition abilities of ANNs, and the temporal interdependence of Markov models. This helps doctors to make more educated judgments based on a larger spectrum of information, leading to better patient outcomes. Healthcare workers can get to vital data from any place because to the cloud-enabled architecture's seamless scalability and accessibility. This not only increases the efficiency of decision-making, but also improves communication and cooperation between different medical professionals. This uses cutting-edge modeling strategies and cloud computing to pave a new path in clinical decision-making. This system has the potential to greatly enhance healthcare by integrating image-driven insights with CDSS, to the advantage of both patients and healthcare practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the inhomogeneous semilinear wave equation with linear damping ∂ttu−Δu+∂tu=|u|p+w(t,x) in (0,∞)×RN, where p>1 and w≢0. A general criterium for the nonexistence of global weak solutions is established. In the particular case w=ω(x), we obtain the critical exponent in the sense of Fujita (first critical exponent) and the critical exponent in the sense of Lee and Ni (second critical exponent) for the considered problem. Namely, we show that, if 1p∗(N), then a global solution exists, for some ω>0 and suitable initial values. Moreover, when N ≥ 3 and p>p∗(N), we prove that for σ0 with ω(x) ≤ C|x|−σ for |x| large, and suitable initial values. Next, we extend our study to the case of systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space efficiency in Singaporean tall buildings results from a complex interplay of historical, architectural, engineering, technological, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. The city-state's innovative and adaptive approach has enabled it to overcome the challenges associated with skyscraper construction, leading to the development of some of the most advanced and sustainable high-rise structures in the world. However, there is currently a lack of detailed analysis on space utilization in Singaporean high-rise buildings. This study addresses this gap by examining 63 cases. The main findings of this research: 1. Residential functions, central core layouts, and prismatic shapes are the most frequent. 2. Concrete material with a shear-walled frame system is the preferred structural choice. 3. Average spatial efficiency is 80%, and the core-to-GFA (Gross Floor Area) ratio averages 17%. These metrics vary from a minimum of 68% and 5% to a maximum of 91% and 32%, respectively. These insights offer valuable guidance for Singaporean construction professionals, particularly architects, helping them make informed design decisions for high-rise projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean productivity in paddy fields is influenced by variety selection and grass management practices. This study aimed to assess several soybean varieties and evaluate the impact of soil processing and weed control on Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR), as well as growth and yield of soybean seeds. Conducted in Sungai Kakap, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan, during 2021, the research employed a Randomized Block Design with 15 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments included various combinations of tillage methods, weed control techniques, and mulching. The study identified four soybean varieties Detap-1, Derap-1, Devon-1, and Dena-2 with large seed sizes and high yields. These varieties also exhibited resistance to common pests such as Etiella zinkenella, Riptortus linearis, and Spodoptera litura. Weed composition analysis revealed O. sativa and Ageratum conyzoides as dominant species. Weed dry weight was lowest in the perfect tillage + pre-emergence herbicide treatment and highest in the minimum tillage + weeds are not controlled treatment. The highest plant growth and seed yield were observed in the minimum tillage + pre-emergence herbicide and perfect tillage + pre-emergence herbicide treatments. Plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and dry seed yield were significantly higher in these treatments compared to others. In conclusion, varieties Detap-1, Derap-1, Devon-1, and Dena-2 possess suitable physical characteristics for cultivation in Indonesia. The most effective grass management models identified were minimum tillage + pre-emergence herbicide and perfect tillage + pre-emergence herbicide. These findings contribute to optimizing soybean cultivation practices, emphasizing varietal selection and weed control strategies for improved crop performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porcine pasteurellosis is an infectious disease caused by Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida), which seriously endangers the healthy development of pig breeding industry. Early detection of disease transmission in animals is a crucial early warning for humans. Therefore, predicting risk areas for disease is essential for public health authorities to adopt preventive measures and control strategies against diseases. In this study, we developed a predictive model based on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and assessed risk areas for porcine pasteurellosis in the Chinese mainland. By using principal component analysis, the weights of seven spatial risk factors were determined. Fuzzy membership function was used to standardize all risk factors, and weight linear combination was used to create a risk map. The sensitivity of the risk map was analyzed by calculating the mean of absolute change rates of risk factors, as well as calculating an uncertainty map. The results showed that risk areas for porcine pasteurellosis were predicted to be locate in the south-central of the Chinese mainland, including Sichuan, Chongqing, Guangdong, and Guangxi. The maximum standard deviation of the uncertain map was less than 0.01and the ROC results showed that the prediction model has moderate predictive performance with the area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.80 (95% CI 0.75–0.84). Based on the above process, MCDA was combined with WebGIS technology to construct a system for predicting risk areas of porcine pasteurellosis. Risk factor data was directly linked to the developed model, providing decision support for disease prevention and control through monthly updates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ho-Bi-Te ternary system was studied by DTA, X-ray diffraction, and MSA, as well as by measuring microhardness and determining density, congruent triangulation scheme and projection of the liquidus surface, types and coordinates of mono- and invariant equilibria. It is established that this system is triangulated into five pseudo-ternary systems. It was discovered that an incongruently melting ternary compound containing HoBiTe3 is formed in the Ho-Bi-Te ternary system. X-ray phase analysis established that the HoBiTe3 compound crystallises in a tetragonal system with lattice parameters: a = 19.99, с = 13.82 Å, Z = 3. Studying the nature of the interaction of the components of the quasi-binary section Bi2Te3-Ho2Te3 of the Ho-Bi-Te ternary system, as well as thermoelectric materials formed by combining Bi2Te3 with rare-earth tellurides, is of interest from a scientific and practical point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complexity management in manufacturing systems is crucial for the economic growth of countries, as efficient management can significantly improve business performance and ensure competitiveness in globalized markets. This research aims to develop a complexity management configurator that identifies critical effects, proposes solution strategies, and optimizes processes through a Lean Production and Industry 4.0 approach. To this end, its systematic design integrates the key stages of management: planning, organization, management and control. The research was structured as an applied study, implementing three main panels: general information, application of a diagnostic tool at each stage of the administrative process, and results focused on measuring the complexity and implementation of advanced technological solutions. The tool enables manufacturing companies not only to diagnose sources of complexity, but also to optimize their operations by adopting Lean methodologies and Industry 4.0 technologies. The findings show how the integration of these strategies contributes to reducing both static and dynamic complexity, resulting in greater operational efficiency and improved performance in an increasingly competitive industrial environment. In conclusion, the proposed configurator is positioned as a key tool to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of manufacturing companies by offering a comprehensive approach to complexity management that is tailored to the demands of modern industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors of the present article pose and consider in detail the highly relevant issue of whether capitalism has a future or whether it will be replaced by some new system. And if it does have a future, then what future will it be? These questions are nothing new, but in the recent few years, just like a hundred years ago, they have acquired exceptional importance, since not only the Left but also the representatives of the largest financial capital started speaking about the end of capitalism. The present article considers the following aspects: what is capitalism as an economic sector and as an economic system? How did capitalism evolve? What are its potentialities? The authors also make some forecasts for the next 50–100 years. Various scenarios for the future of capitalism are considered: from maintaining its leading role to its reduction to a sector. It is assumed that in the coming decades, the development of capitalism may proceed in different ways in developed and developing countries, which may result in a complex continuum of types, transitions, combinations, and forms of capitalism. In some countries, the development of capitalism has reached a level when it has already exhausted itself and needs transformations; meanwhile, there are countries where full-fledged market relations have not yet emerged. The authors analyze two main types of capitalism. The developed countries are likely to experience a shift toward strengthening of distributive institutions. In their turn, the developing countries that continue the processes of economic and socio-political modernization are likely to proceed toward strengthening of capitalist market institutions, though with some important restrictions preventing exploitation and environmental degradation. The authors believe that capitalism will be inevitably transformed in one way or another, but such transformations can vary greatly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Filosóficos is the property of Estudios Filosoficos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The construction of shiology system is the premise for comprehensively solving the issues of human shiance. The core of the construction of the shiology system is to reveal the inclusion and juxtaposition of relationships within shiance based on a comprehensive understanding of human shiance issues. The shiology system discussed in this paper is a four-level discipline system with the basic structure of shiology triangle composed of eaters' demands, food acquisition and shiance order, and it is currently in the form of "1-3-13-36". From a longitudinal point of view, 53 inclusion relationships are established among disciplines at all levels. Horizontally, 53 juxtapositions are established between disciplines at the same level. The shiology system is bounded by human shiance issues, not involving non-shiance issues areas. Human cognition of shiance and shiance issues must go through three historical stages as fragmented cognition, block-based cognition and holistic cognition. The construction of the shiology system marks that humans have entered the stage of "holistic cognition" of shiance. As the Chinese proverb goes, "food is the paramount necessity of the people". Shiology system interprets its connotation and extension. To solve shiance issues holistically, it need to ensure food security, enable people to eat healthy, and foster an enduring and stable society. And shiology system is a global public product which comprehensively solves shiance issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psychological Science is the property of Psychological Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The vibroflotation construction is a significant measure for foundation improvement in hydropower engineering. Currently, vibro-stone columns are still constructed manually. The construction process relies mainly on the experience and responsibility of workers, which has the shortcomings of low precision in pile formation control and low degree of automation, leading to problems such as uneven pile formation, high labor intensity, and poor pile quality. This study proposes an intelligent vibroflotation control model (iVCM) based on the analysis of the pile formation mechanism and former experiences. Intelligent control of vibroflotation construction is realized through intelligent control of the vibrator current, rope pull, filler amount, and vibrator depth. A crane-type intelligent vibroflotation control system was developed to realize one-button intelligent control of pile formation. Its application in Yingliangbao Hydropower Station shows that the intelligent vibroflotation control system can regulate the construction operation of the pile formation process, improve the vibroflotation quality, reduce labor intensity, and have prospects for applicability in similar projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the physicochemical basis for the production of barium aluminate binders, supplemented with compounds and solid solutions including cobalt oxide. The results of calculating the temperature dependence of Gibbs free energy are presented for model reactions simulating all possible variants of two-phase equilibria in the CoO–BaO–Al2 O3 system. Using thermodynamic analysis, the stability of the terminals of the above system is established, which makes it possible to triangulate it. The complete subsolidus structure is presented, as well as the geometric and topological characteristics of the CoO–BaO–Al2 O3 system and its phases. The presented results of thermodynamic analysis of solid-phase reactions involving barium aluminates and cobalt-containing oxides allow comparing the paths of reaction phase formation of binders from various ingredients. The article substantiates the possibility of effectively modifying barium-aluminum binders with waste cobalt catalysts on corundum supports. These circumstances make it possible to justify the choice of raw materials at a qualitative level, and, in combination with calculated data on the geometrostatistical characteristics of the subsolidus structure of the CoO–BaO–Al2 O3 system, to obtain technologically important information about the features of dosage and mixing of components when fabricating the binder. The results of this study allow reducing the number of long-duration and labor-intensive experiments to obtain a modified binder with a target set of characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Designing and implementing telerehabilitation systems would require the identification of data elements to meet disabled people's needs. An in‐depth study on the identification and validation of data elements can help design and implement telerehabilitation systems successfully. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and validate data elements to design a telerehabilitation system for the speech and language disorders of hearing‐impaired children in Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted in three steps including literature review, focused group discussion, and Delphi technique implementation to extract and validate data elements. In the first step, the literature on electronic databases was reviewed to extract the data elements of telerehabilitation systems, and nine studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. In the second step, a focused group discussion was held to review and classify the extracted data elements. Finally, the Delphi technique was employed to validate the drafted data elements. Results: In total, 352 data elements were extracted from the literature review. Finally, 102 data elements in 10 categories (Demographic and Clinical information of the disabled person, Clinical history, Demographic information of the provider, Customization of exercises, Reminders, Online and offline counseling, and training, Reporting, Key features of the system, Evaluation of the progress of the disabled person) were classified and validated by experts as essential data elements to design a telerehabilitation system for the speech and language disorders of hearing‐impaired children. Conclusions: The necessary data elements were proposed as the foundations to design a telerehabilitation system for the speech and language disorders of hearing‐impaired children. These data elements help design and implement telerehabilitation systems successfully so that such systems can easily be provided for children with hearing disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective(s): Stress elicits physiological and neuroendocrine responses mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and lateral hypothalamus (LH). However, prolonged stress can dysregulate neuropeptide systems like orexin. This study investigated the effects of temporary and prolonged stress on HPA activity and orexin processing in the rat LH. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to various stress repetitions. The stress paradigm is defined as short (acute; 1 day and mild; 3 days) and long (sub-chronic; 10 days and chronic; 21 days)-term 6 hr daily restraint stress. Plasma corticosterone (CORT) served as an index of HPA function. Expression of prepro-orexin and its processing enzymes prohormone convertases (PC) 1 and 2 was measured in LH tissues using semiquantitative RT-PCR. Results: The plasma level of CORT was elevated following mild, sub-chronic, and chronic, but not acute stress versus unstressed controls. The expression of prepro-orexin was heightened following all stress exposures. However, PC1 increased and PC2 decreased only after prolonged stress. The PC1/PC2 ratio was also selectively augmented with sub-chronic and chronic stress, implying impaired orexin maturation. Conclusion: Together, these data demonstrate that the HPA axis and lateral hypothalamic orexin system respond to stress based on stress repetition. Changes in orexin processing enzyme mRNA, exclusively after chronic stress, imply potential effects on peptide maturation, requiring confirmation of the orexin production at the protein level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to design and test the feasibility of an automatic system duck egg incubator, with 100% local ingredients (TKDN) and affordable for small duck egg hatching industries. Duck egg hatching continues to develop along with advances in technology and the increasing need for duck eggs and cut duck meat. The innovation of the automatic duck egg incubator machine is an effort to help the small duck egg hatching industry to increase production in a more efficient and ergonomic manner. In this research, the creation of an automatic duck egg incubator machine uses stages including problem identification, formulation and refinement of ideas, selection of design concepts, analysis and creation of working drawings, manufacture of tool prototypes, testing and refinement of tool prototypes, then feasibility tests for temperature stability and stability are carried out. humidity, and hatchability tests carried out at the small duck egg hatchery industry UD. Putra Jember, Puger, Jember. The result of this research is an automatic duck egg incubator with a capacity of 5000 eggs, with an LPG heating source. The feasibility test showed stable temperature and humidity fluctuations and produced a hatchability of 82%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jiaoyu Kexue Wenxian is the property of Educational Science Literature (Chinese) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of e-Education Research is the property of Northwest Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The search for approaches to machines with artificial intelligence is impossible without understanding the laws reflecting their special properties. The existing base of concepts and laws no longer meets modern requirements and requires expansion. These tasks correspond to the planned direction of theoretical analysis, which aims to identify the hidden system properties of physical objects. New methodological approaches are presented, which made it possible to identify some hidden mechanisms reflecting cause-and-effect relationships in the interactions of physical objects. The emerging new methodology is based on the formulated principle of the incompleteness of laws, which is complementary to the existing provisions of mathematical logic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes theoretical approaches to the elemental composition of the internal financial audit system (hereinafter — IFA) in the public administration sector. The development of internal financial audit, in particular the creation of sufficient methodological support for internal financial audit, is considered as a basis for improving the quality of budget process management and increasing the efficiency of budget expenditures. The purpose of the study is to solve the scientific problem of expanding the internal financial audit in the public sector methodological tools, which is essential for the development of the public finance management theory and improving the budget expenditures efficiency. The information basis was the normative legal acts, which regulate the organization and implementation of the internal financial audit, the international organizations documents in the field of internal audit, the domestic researchers’ works in the field of internal financial audit and internal audit. The methodological basis of the work is formed on the scientific cognition general methods (collecting data about the research object, comparing approaches to categorizing the research object, processing data through analysis, synthesis, generalization, grouping and classification). The scientific novelty of this study lies in the improvement of methodological tools for internal financial auditing in the public administration sector, which is crucial for the development of the public financial management theory and for improving the budgetary expenditures efficiency. Based on the data of the national scientific school, the article clarifies and theoretically substantiates the elements of the internal financial audit system in the public administration sector. The conceptual approach proposed by this study can be applied in the public administration sector organizations with minor adaptations. The results of the study are intended for a wide range of readers, including chief administrators and administrators of budgetary funds in the internal financial audit organization and implementation, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation in improving the internal financial audit methodology.

The paper shows that the efficiency of the machine and tractor fleet is significantly influenced by operating conditions. It is known that the harsher the operating conditions, particularly those related to climate, the higher the frequency of failures, which, in turn, results in the reduced durability and efficiency of the equipment. One way to mitigate failures and power losses in the motor-transmission unit, as well as improve fuel efficiency, is by utilizing the waste heat from the internal combustion engine. This approach ensures an optimal temperature in the main units of the machinery at negative ambient temperatures. (Research purpose) The research aims to develop a technological scheme for utilizing waste heat from the internal combustion engine, specifically the heat from exhaust gases, to maintain the optimal temperature in the main units of the machine and tractor unit. (Materials and methods) The potential for using exhaust gas heat in the proposed scheme was studied and assessed using an experimental setup. The results were processed using the exergy research method. (Results and discussion) It is found that the power of the exhaust gas heat fl w at various engine operating modes provides favorable conditions for its utilization in the proposed scheme. Based on the research results, a system for maintaining a set temperature regime in the main units and trailer unit of a self-propelled machine was developed and patented. (Conclusions) The presence of significant kinetic and thermal energy in the exhaust gases enables its secondary use. A technological scheme for utilizing the heat of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines has been developed as a system for maintaining a set temperature regime in the main units and trailer unit of a self-propelled machine. The application of the developed system will maximize the utilization coefficient of the heat released during fuel combustion in the engine.

Abstract Porcine pasteurellosis is an infectious disease caused by Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida), which seriously endangers the healthy development of pig breeding industry. Early detection of disease transmission in animals is a crucial early warning for humans. Therefore, predicting risk areas for disease is essential for public health authorities to adopt preventive measures and control strategies against diseases. In this study, we developed a predictive model based on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and assessed risk areas for porcine pasteurellosis in the Chinese mainland. By using principal component analysis, the weights of seven spatial risk factors were determined. Fuzzy membership function was used to standardize all risk factors, and weight linear combination was used to create a risk map. The sensitivity of the risk map was analyzed by calculating the mean of absolute change rates of risk factors, as well as calculating an uncertainty map. The results showed that risk areas for porcine pasteurellosis were predicted to be locate in the south-central of the Chinese mainland, including Sichuan, Chongqing, Guangdong, and Guangxi. The maximum standard deviation of the uncertain map was less than 0.01and the ROC results showed that the prediction model has moderate predictive performance with the area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.80 (95% CI 0.75–0.84). Based on the above process, MCDA was combined with WebGIS technology to construct a system for predicting risk areas of porcine pasteurellosis. Risk factor data was directly linked to the developed model, providing decision support for disease prevention and control through monthly updates.

This article focuses on the impact of disasters and accidents on the conditions for socio-economic and demographic development of rural areas in Bulgaria. The topicality of the topic is caused by the necessity of the new conditions of globalization to overcome regional and local risks related to the way of life of the population. To a large extent, the processes of urbanization and the relocation of the population in urban areas lead to the creation of threats to its security, mainly by disrupting the reliability of the functioning of the natural-ecological and socio-economic systems. Rural areas and their potential for security and regional development must therefore be strengthened. In this regard, it is important to create the necessary basic conditions for the life and development of the population - minimum infrastructure, taking measures to reduce natural and environmental risks through a system encompassing activities and facilities for monitoring, maintaining, and cleaning riverbeds and forests in sparsely populated areas in Bulgaria.

The agrarian business in Bulgaria has the potential for development by applying a marketing approach to its management. Agricultural production can be developed by satisfying the needs of the market. The supply of Bulgarian agricultural products faces many market challenges, which forces farmers to look for means to improve the market image of their products. The purpose of the article is to determine guidelines for improving the management of Bulgarian agricultural holdings. Implementation of strategic marketing activities by farmers can improve their economic performance based on better market performance. The correct implementation of these activities requires that they be considered as part of a systemic process that affects all elements of the production and marketing system. This requires that the management functions related to planning, execution, and control of marketing activities are performed in the context of the market environment for each particular business.

The demand for energy on a global scale is continuously rising due to the expansion of energy infrastructure and the increasing number of new appliances. To address this growing need, an efficient energy management system (EMS) has become indispensable. By implementing EMS, both residential and commercial buildings can significantly improve their energy efficiency and consumption. One crucial aspect of enabling EMS to operate efficiently is load forecasting. The accuracy of load forecasting depends on numerous factors. A reliable load forecast model should consider the region's weather forecast, as it plays a crucial role in developing an accurate prediction. This study is about the medium-term load forecasting (MTLF) for the Province of Taroudant, Morocco, using historical monthly load and weather data for five years (2018 to 2022). To forecast consumed energy three methods are used namely artificial neural network (ANN), fuzzy logic (FL) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). This paper selects absolute percentage error (APE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), correlation coefficient (R) and root mean square error (RMSE) to compare and evaluate the prediction accuracy of models. It has been observed through results analysis that the ANFIS model produces very accurate forecasting prediction with MAPE of 4.75% while ANN and FL models give respectively MAPE of 7.36% and 8.42%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traffic sign detection is a crucial aspect of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) for academic research and the automotive industry. seeing that accurate and timely detection of traffic signs (TS) is essential for ensuring the safety of driving. However, TS detection methods encounter challenges like slow detection speed and a lack of robustness in complex environments. This paper suggests addressing these limitations by proposing the use of the you only look one version 7 (YOLOv7) network to detect and recognize TS in road scenes. Furthermore, the k-means++ algorithm is used to acquire anchor boxes. Additionally, a tiny version of YOLOv7 is used to take advantage of its real-time and low model size, which are required for real-time hardware implementation. So, we conducted an experiment using our proprietary Morocco dataset. According to the experimental results, YOLOv7 achieves 85% in terms of mean average precision (mAP) at 0.5 for all classes. And YOLOv7-tiny obtains 90% in the same term. Afterward, a recognition system for the prohibitive class using the convolutional neural network (CNN) is trained and integrated inside the YOLOv7 algorithm; its model achieves an accuracy of 99%, which leads to a good specification of the prohibitive sign meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the evolution of nonlinear oscillation control methods and presents an innovative approach known as analytical design of aggregated oscillation controllers (ADACO). This method is based on the principles of synergetic control theory and focuses on the integration of selforganization and control processes to synthesize energy-efficient control laws for nonlinear oscillating systems. The authors elaborate on the theoretical foundations of ADACO, which extends the previous analytical design of aggregated controllers (ADAC) method by incorporating energy invariants and integrals of motion into the synthesis of control laws. This approach demonstrates significant advantages over traditional methods, offering a versatile framework for the design of energy-efficient control systems for a wide range of nonlinear oscillating systems in various fields such as aerospace, robotics, vibromechanical systems, and objects with chaotic dynamics. The aim of the paper is to establish a unified approach to the control of nonlinear oscillations, solving both the problems of generation of stable oscillations and suppression of unwanted perturbations. The application of synergetic control principles in the framework of ADACO opens prospects for further development of nonlinear control theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the research methodology of the basics of information security. A special place is given to the selection of methodological research tools. This selection was made on the basis of the exclusive importance of the field of information provision in interaction with other directions of state building and national security. At the same time, we note that the raised issue has an interdisciplinary nature due to its inherent legal and structural nature: legal, economic (technological), and moral and psychological components. Under such conditions, the philosophical-dialectical method is extremely important in view of its epistemological nature, which will contribute to the derivation of the author’s conclusions and judgments, which will be characterized by consistency and continuity. The conducted analysis made it possible to reveal that the current summary in terms of understanding the role and significance of the methodological component for the results of our research is the following: from the point of view of the methodology of legal science, the paradigm of information security has a complex structure, which is formed by the elements: law enforcement methodology, the legislation of Ukraine, the systematics of legal norms, explanations of the legal norm, the procedure for implementing the provisions of the law, the legal policy of the state in the field of information security, media culture and media ethics in the application of legislation that regulates the issue of complete access of citizens to sources of information, tactical and strategic directions of activities of entities ensuring security in the use of information, the effectiveness of the application of legislation, law-enforcement examination of departmental regulations regulating relations in the field of information security. Attention is drawn to the fact that any of the listed structural elements of a complete complex of information security can serve as the object of a separate scientific study. The above studies revealed that the selected methodological tools for solving the task of our scientific intelligence will contribute to the professional research of the in-depth component processes of the implementation of measures in the areas of protection of the information space of Ukraine. The application of methodological techniques will allow us to more fully and comprehensively reveal the role of the information security institute in the development of our ideas about the system of measures to ensure the information hygiene of the Ukrainian media, public-legal and private-legal intellectual space, to identify new aspects in its structure and elemental composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of current legislation, available scientific, journalistic and methodological sources, the article clarifies the content of the system of subjects of administrative and legal support of information security in Ukraine. It is proposed that the system of subjects of administrative and legal support of information security should be understood as a set of legislative, executive and judicial authorities, state, public and other organizations and associations, and citizens who may participate in administrative and legal support of information security in accordance with the legislation regulating relations in the field of information security. It is established that the system of subjects of administrative and legal support of information security includes a wide range of structures of both state and non-state affiliation. The first group (state entities) is represented by the State represented by the President of Ukraine, legislative, executive and judicial bodies, which, having different competencies in the field of administrative and legal support of information security, perform key tasks and functions in it. The second group (non-state actors) can be divided into two subgroups. The first one includes society represented by legal entities, namely, commercial companies and non-governmental organizations (educational institutions, research institutes, research and analytical centers, etc.) The second group includes individuals (citizens) who may be directly involved in ensuring information security, represented by specialists, experts, information security consultants, etc. It is proposed to: include all non-state actors in the mechanism for implementing the goals and objectives of the Information Security Strategy; make the widest possible use of the capabilities of non-state actors in this area, and therefore intensify the involvement of citizens, public associations, organizations, etc. in solving the problem of information security; create an Interagency Commission on Information Security within the structure of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peculiarities of legal regulation of population protection during radiation emergency situations at nuclear power plants under martial law conditions have been studied. The decisive link is the prevention of emergency situations at NPPs, the provision of deep-echeloned five-level protection of NPPs in accordance with NP 3062.141-2008 “General provisions for the safety of nuclear plants”. In wartime conditions, additional threats to the NPP as a critical infrastructure facility should be taken into account, including cyber terrorism, cyberespionage, threats of terrorist acts, threats of missile attacks, information threats, as well as the threat of loss of power supply for the NPP’s own needs. The need to create a regulatory body in Ukraine for the implementation of state policy on nuclear and radiation safety issues, as a state collegial body of executive power with a special status, through the adoption of the relevant Law, with the determination of the features of the state regulation of nuclear and radiation safety during the period of martial law, in particular to determine by law, is substantiated conditions for introducing maximum autonomy in NPP management, maximum simplification and minimal intervention in NPP operation while preserving all actions related to ensuring nuclear and radiation safety; proper organization of interaction with the public. According to the results of the study, taking into account the experience of the EU, it is proposed to introduce a system of independent advisory and advisory bodies based on the National Commission for Radiation Protection of the Population of Ukraine (NKRZU), which was formed in accordance with the Declaration on the State Sovereignty of Ukraine of July 16, 1990, as a permanently active higher independent collegial scientific and expert advisory body on anti-radiation protection and radiation safety of the population of Ukraine, with the aim of identifying problematic issues and providing recommendations on the specifics of developing plans for the protection of personnel and the population in the event of radiation accidents at nuclear plants. The research uses the general dialectical method, the method of scientific knowledge, the method of interpreting legal norms, the formal legal method, the comparative legal method, and the method of systemic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydraulic bridges are critical components in infrastructure network. One of the major causes of its collapse is due to local scouring of its foundations. Hence in this study, the mechanism and various factors affecting local scour around bridge piers was analyzed. For this, a software platform Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) was used to evaluate local scouring around piers of spillway bridge with radial gates of Telengiri Irrigation Project located in Koraput district of Odisha, India. Soil samples were collected at the site and tested in the laboratory to determine various properties required for model inputs and assess the vulnerability of soil for scouring. Geometric data and design specifications of radial-gated bridge structure along with soil properties of the case study were used to build HEC-RAS model and then steady-state flow profiles were given to calculate local scour depth. Analytical methods such as Kothyari, Richardson, and IRC equations were used to corroborate local scour depth values with the model. The model predicted scouring of 8.29m which is close enough to values predicted by Richardson equation (8.95 m). This small discrepancy was due to not accounting for bed conditions and armoring of bed material. Parameters were varied in the model such as discharge, width and geometry of piers, skew angle of bridge and piers, angle of attack, and different bed configurations to simulate their effect on local scour depth. The soil was found to be highly erodible as per the soil erodibility factor obtained from the Wischmeier equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Knee arthritis is a destructive disorder that affects the knee joints and causes pain and reduced mobility. Drug treatments, weight loss, and exercise control the symptoms of the disease, but these methods only delay the disease process and eventually, knee joint replacement surgery will be needed. After surgery, with the help of a proper physiotherapy program, full recovery takes an average of 6–12 months. However, currently, there is no similar tool to facilitate this process in Iran. Objective The purpose of this research is to design and develop the prototype of a rehabilitation system for patients after knee replacement surgery, which provides patients with information and appropriate physiotherapy programs. Methods This study was development-applied and was done in three stages. In the first stage, the needs and content of education and therapeutic exercises were prepared in the form of a checklist, and then the necessity of each item was checked in the evaluation sessions. In the second stage, the prototype of the system was developed using Adobe XD software and based on the requirements approved from the previous stage. In the third stage, the usability of the program was analyzed from the point of view of experts using the exploratory evaluation method with Nielsen’s 13 principles of usability. Results At first, the system requirements were extracted and prepared in two checklists of content (51 exercises) and capabilities (60 items). Then after a survey of experts based on the Delphi technique, content information (43 exercises) and functional and non-functional requirements (53 items) were obtained. A survey of experts helped to finalize the information elements, categorize them, and prepare the final version of the checklists. Based on this, the system requirements were classified into 11 categories, and the training content was classified into 3 training periods. Finally, the design and development of the system was done. This system has admin, physician, and patient user interfaces. The result of usability showed that this system is efficient and there are only a few problems in the feature of helping users to detect and recover from errors. Conclusion It seems necessary to develop a system based on the principles of usability by therapists and rehabilitation specialists to train and monitor the remote rehabilitation process of patients after knee joint replacement at home. And the importance of involving stakeholders in the design and development of remote rehabilitation systems is not hidden from anyone. Kara system has all of the above.

Many societal challenges need to be resolved through innovative solutions at system level. Previous scholars have argued that it may be wise to combine design practice and system theory to form a management method for public sector innovation. However, it appears that few scholars have developed innovation management methods based on that combination. The aim of this article is therefore to contribute with new knowledge about how design practice and system theory can be combined in order to drive public sector innovation. The article proposes the development of a previously proposed systemic design management model and presents a toolbox with twelve innovation management tools. Although there is a logic in using the tools in a certain order, this article emphasizes the need for a flexible use of the tools and to be open to moving back and forth between different tools. The results also indicate that an initial key tool is to ensure that the right people become involved in the different phases of the innovation process. It is more important to involve the right people in different phases than to follow a specific pre-designed process model. In order to successfully create and implement innovative solutions at system level, the innovation processes need to engage different human resources for different tools. Different resources that understand the needs can contribute with new perspectives and also possess the mandate to make systemic changes.

The objective was to assess the levels of formation and leading components of the patient safety system of the anesthesiology and resuscitation (A&R) service (department) of multidisciplinary hospitals.Materials and methods. Expert assessment of the patient safety system of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service (department) of 235 multidisciplinary hospitals, including the assessment of its level, leading components, and their structure in the overall sample. Expert assessment method. Statistical analysis of data distribution, Student’s t-test for independent samples of different sizes, correlation analysis.Results. It has been established that in the main part (38.3%) of multidisciplinary hospitals, the A&R service is at an average (sufficient) level of ensuring patient safety. 17% are at a high (organized) and highest (system-organized) level in terms of ensuring patient safety. A fairly large part (44.7%) is at a low (insufficient) and minimal (critical, extremely low) level of ensuring patient safety. At the same time, the level of ensuring patient safety in the A&R service of multidisciplinary hospitals is important and has a close but inverse relationship with the level of digitalization. Comparison of the severity of the five leading (main) components (criteria) for ensuring patient safety in the A&R service of multidisciplinary hospitals made it possible to assess the levels of their completeness and their structure and showed that in the general sample, the most pronounced criteria for ensuring patient safety were «Teamwork, staff expertise» and «Availability of medicines».Conclusion. The current state of the patient safety system of the A&R service of multidisciplinary hospitals is characterized by 5 levels and 5 leading (main) components, the expert assessment of which made it possible to distribute the A&R services of hospitals according to the indicated levels, identify the structure of their leading components an determine target areas for improving the patient safety system.

Background. The need for reconstruction (and not modification, as it was previously done) of school mathematics education, due to the intensive development of information technology, requires the restoration of the foundations on which it is built. Discussions about what topic to include or exclude from a mathematics course based on arguments like “It is impossible to be an educated person without knowing...” on the one hand, or “Children cannot understand anything about...” on the other, clearly have no chance in obtaining productive solutions. Objectives. This paper introduces a system of concepts and distinctions that provides the basis for solving the problem of constructing foundations for designing a school mathematics course. Methods. The study involves problematization (transition from a problem situation to a problem formulation), methodological analysis of the problem, introduction of conceptual distinctions, construction of a system of relations between concepts. Results. A distinction has been introduced between the content and contents of mathematical education — both as a process and as a result. It is shown that functionally (substantively) mathematics exists in culture as a system of mental means necessary to represent the relationships between conceivable entities in a particular science or field of activity. Accordingly, the content of the process of mathematical education is the mastery of these mental means and methods of applying them, and the content of mathematical education as a result is the possession of these mental means and methods for representing the relationships between entities of a particular nature. Conclusions. It is shown that mathematics functionally acts as a system of mental means and therefore the design of school mathematical education should be carried out precisely in the logic of mastering mental means, and not “topics”, “objects”, “tasks”, “skills”, “knowledge”, etc. In the second part of the article, a developed system of ideas will be used to specify, on the one hand, the tempo-rhythmic structure of the educational process, and on the other, to provide a logical justification for the initial part of mathematical education (arithmetic) as a process of mastering mathematical thinking tools.

This research was conducted to assist the head of the IT Operational & Network Education Division of the XYZ institution to reengineering the internet usage monitoring system. This monitoring system is reengineered so that query performance becomes better and the information presented is easily understood by the user. Reengineering the old system will produce a system model that is more in line with the requirements of the current system. The steps taken in this study, analysis of the monitoring system case domain, data analysis, data visualization reengineering, internet use monitoring system reengineering, software implementation and testing. In addition, testing the performance of the query system and usability testing for users from the new visualization results as the output of this study. Reengineering the internet usage monitoring system is a solution to improve query performance and make it easier for users to understand the information presented

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of information in human-geographical research. Therefore, the authors analyzed and characterized the features of types and categories of information and analyzed the concepts and theories of information used in information geography as initial and basic options for identifying the definition of "information". Based on the analysis, they propose the concept of "information" from the perspective of human geography and identify its role in human-geographical research, as it enables human geographers to analyze and comprehend the intricate interactions between society, nature, and the connections between spatial structures. Results. The article reveals the fundamental role of information in human geography, providing the basis for the analysis, interpretation, and prediction of social and spatial processes. The interdisciplinary significance of the human-geographical concept is also considered. Its primary function is to combine data from various fields of knowledge and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the complex interaction between humans and nature. The authors analyzed previous foreign and domestic studies of various scientific areas, in particular human geographers, and also examined the most common philosophical concepts of information: attributive, functional, and anthropocentric. Today, there is constant discussion and no single point of view among scientists about information concepts. The article analyzes the concepts and theories of information used in information geography as initial and basic, the definitions of the concept of "information", and the peculiarities of its use in human-geographical research. Based on the analysis, the authors proposed the concept of "information" from the standpoint of human geography and its role in human-geographical research. The main contradictions between society and nature were also revealed, and the basic principles of interaction between society and natural systems in the multisystem of environmental management were considered. The authors highlighted the ideas of the formation of the concept of the social and geographical system and the socio-geographical process and revealed the peculiarities of the embodiment of ideas in human-geographical research. In human-geographical research, information plays a crucial role in determining the level of society's development. Researchers use this information to study the distribution of human activities and natural resources, plan and manage territories, analyze dynamics and transformations in spatial structures and communication networks, and understand their impact on society. The collection and processing of primary geodata allow for the integration of different types of information and the creation of cartographic models. The utilization of information facilitates socio-economic and urban analysis, enabling the study of the demographic system's features, including its structure, distribution, and the characteristics of its primary categories. In further studies, the authors are going to prepare a model illustrating the role of information in the processes of territorial management, regional development, and restoration.

The paper addresses language units that constitute semantic space "catastrophe" within alternative English-mediated worldviews. Designation units synonymic or contextually related to catastrophe / disaster, were chosen from the Web 2021 (enTenTen21) corpus suggested by the Sketch Engine and from the custom corpus of present-day rock lyrics processed via the Ant.Conc 3.5.8 tools. The content of the respective concept is considered through the prism of a logical model that addresses an entropic irrevocable transformation of an open system. He paper focuses on the comparative analysis of the space's composition in two worldview variants. The structure of the semantic space is identified as a field, i.e. a dynamic volumetric continuum that sports multi-level organization as well as each level's zonal segmentation. Special attention is paid to functional-semantic and semiotic properties of the space-field's components. The article employs an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses the myth-oriented semiosis theory and broad inter-systemic analogies ("M-logic"). Key words: system, alternative world, semantic space, corpus, myth Стаття розглядає мовні одиниці, які складають семантичний простір "катастрофа" у структурі альтернативних картин світів, актуалізованих засобами англійської мови. Номінативні одиниці, синонімічні або контекстуально пов’язані з "катастрофою", були відібрані з корпусу Web 2021 (enTenTen21), запропонованого Sketch Engine, та з користувацького корпусу сучасних рок-пісень, оброблених за допомогою інструментів Ant.Conc 3.5.8. Зміст відповідного поняття розглядається крізь призму логічної моделі, яка стосується ентропійної безповоротної трансформації відкритої системи, що призводить до її зламу. У статті здійснено порівняльний аналіз композиції простору у двох варіантах картини світу. Структура семантичного простору ідентифікується як поле, тобто динамічний об’ємний континуум, який має багаторівневу організацію, а також зональну сегментацію кожного рівня. Особливу увагу приділено функціонально-семантичним і семіотичним властивостям компонентів простору-поля. У статті використано міждисциплінарний підхід, який охоплює міфоорієнтовану теорію семіозису та широкі міжсистемні аналогії («М-логіка»). Ключові слова: система, альтернативний світ, семантичний простір, корпус, міф

Background and Aim of Study: The realm of education is in a constant state of evolution, necessitating that teachers at K-12 and tertiary levels continually update their practices through continuous professional development (CPD). The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated the adoption of online CPD, encompassing self-driven initiatives, government-led programs, and third-party offerings, notably those by the British Council in the MENA region, which is the emphasis of this study. This transition to online platforms initially involved leveraging Zoom, and subsequently, WhatsApp. The aim of the study: to map the process of CPD-infused online training by analyzing meeting schedules, topics discussed, group dynamics, and interaction patterns. Additionally, it seeks to develop a CPD-based system that can be replicated or scaled for broader implementation. Material and Methods: This descriptive multi-case study is conducted on two WhatsApp groups dedicated to enhancing the skills and competencies of 990 and 780 MENA teachers, respectively. For data collection, the study employed two primary tools: participant observation, and analysis of archived data from CPD-based multimedia-focused discussions in both e-groups over a fixed period of 40 days. Results: The research provides a comprehensive overview of the CPD process and a cost-effective scalable CPD-centric system based on six key elements: e-platforms, e-meetings, archiving, certification, website and organization that orchestrates and streamlines the entire process. This CPD-driven system offers guidelines for institutions and policymakers looking to replicate this system in their educational contexts, with the goal of upgrading teachers’ pedagogical expertise. Conclusions: This study contributes to understanding the effectiveness and scalability of online CPD initiatives using platforms like WhatsApp, particularly in regions like MENA, and offers insights for stakeholders aiming to implement similar strategies for enhancing teacher professional development.

Aim of the study. The permanent exchanges between the body and the environment tend to generally disturb homeostasis, particularly the hydroelectrolytic homeostasis. The analysis of the renin-angiotensin system reveals its multiple facets of physiological, physiopathological and pharmacological interest and at the same time highlights the fact that it represents a major component of biomedical scientific research. Material and methods. We studied the renin-angiotensin system action on utero-tubal motility with the help of certain substances that affect its metabolism and the affinity of its receptors. Results 1. Angiotensin II induces a contractile effect dependent on the calcium concentration in the cytosol. 2. In extracellular administration, angiotensin II has an oxytocin effect and an AT1 receptor binding effect. 3. In intracellular administration, the effect of Ang II is completely dependent on the activation of intracellular AT1 receptors. 4. Paradoxically, pretreatment with candesartan does not reduce muscle contractility to electric field stimulation but significantly stimulates it. Electrically stimulated contraction is significantly potentiated by Ang II administration, even under conditions of AT1 receptor blockade with candesartan. Conclusions: There is no mediation of the presence or synthesis of angiotensin II dependent on the presence of the angiotensin converting enzyme. This suggests that the administration of converting enzyme inhibitors in the case of pregnancy associated with hypertension could be without risk, since it does not affect uterine contractility. The physiological consequences of our results need new experimental and clinical studies in order to validate our hypothesis and draw recommendations to be clinically applied.

The work is devoted to the definition of solutions for skyscraper office buildings in Warsaw against the background of the latest global technology of vertical communication systems. For this purpose, the paper presents the examples of research by design of four high-rise buildings in Warsaw, which indicate the adopted methodology of developing optimal solutions in the field of elevator service as well as the results of research and finally selected systems. The aim of the research was to achieve the initial criteria for the system’s operation. The research was carried out by iterating and varianting various configurations of the system and checking it as the basis for building core solutions. Solutions that met the defined criteria were optimal in terms of building efficiency and rental flexibility. Empirical research and its results are presented against the background of world achievements. The results indicate that both the research methodology and the systems used follow the contemporary development of the latest globally present solutions.

Complex methods of physical and chemical analysis: differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray phase analysis (XRD), microstructural analysis (MSA), as well as density and microhardness measurements, were used to study the nature of chemical interaction in the Ho-Sb-Te ternary system over the entire concentration range along the following sections:1. Sb2Te3-Ho2Te3, 2. Sb2Te3-HoTe, 3. HoTe-Sb, 4. HoSb-HoTe, 5. Sb2Te3-Ho, 6. HoSb-Te. The projection of the liquidus surface of the ternary system and the diagrams of the state of internal sections were constructed according to experimental data and literature data on binary systems: Sb-Te, Sb-Ho, Ho-Te. It is established that sections (1), (2), (3), (4) are quasi-binary, and (5), (6) are non-quasi-binary sections of the ternary system. The incongruently melting compound HoSbTe3 is formed in the Sb2Te3-Ho2Te3 system and the area of solid solutions based on Sb2Te3 ~ 3‑5 mol% at 300K was found.

The right of citation in doctoral theses is an essential aspect of academic research and knowledge development in various fields. This fundamental concept allows PhD students to support their arguments, validate their hypotheses and strengthen their academic contribution by referring to the works and ideas of other authors. In this article, we aim to explore the role and importance of citation rights in the context of PhD theses. The right of citation serves as a basis for building an academic dialogue between the author and the scientific community. By referring to previous work, PhD students demonstrate that they know their field of study and that they incorporate its contributions into their own research. This strengthens the credibility and relevance of the PhD thesis within the academic community. The right of citation ensures compliance with academic ethics and prevention of plagiarism. By highlighting the sources used and giving proper credit to the original authors, PhD students demonstrate academic integrity and respect for the work of others. This practice promotes transparency and collaboration in research, fundamental to scientific progress and maintaining high academic standards. In addition, the citation right contributes to the development of a solid knowledge base in the field. By connecting with previous work, PhD theses situate their contribution in the existing context and can identify gaps or opportunities for future research. Thus, this citation and referencing process is an engine of academic progress, encouraging innovation and the continuous development of knowledge. Thus, the right of citation is a fundamental pillar of doctoral theses, having multiple roles and importance in the context of academic research. By following this principle, PhD students contribute to building and consolidating knowledge in their areas of expertise, promoting academic ethics and advancing the frontiers of human knowledge.

Abstract Arsenic contamination not only complicates mineral processing but also poses environmental and health risks. To address these challenges, this research investigates the feasibility of utilizing Hyperspectral imaging combined with machine learning techniques for the identification of arsenic-containing minerals in copper ore samples, with a focus on practical application in sorting and processing operations. Through experimentation with various copper sulfide ores, Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA) was employed to select essential wavelength bands from Hyperspectral data, subsequently used as inputs for machine learning algorithms to identify arsenic concentrations. Results demonstrate that by selecting a subset of informative bands using NCA, accurate mineral identification can be achieved with a significantly reduced the size of dataset, enabling efficient processing and analysis. Comparison with other wavelength selection methods highlights the superiority of NCA in optimizing classification accuracy. Specifically, the identification accuracy showed 91.9% or more when utilizing 8 or more bands selected by NCA and was comparable to hyperspectral data analysis with 204 bands. The findings suggest potential for cost-effective implementation of multispectral cameras in mineral processing operations. Future research directions include refining machine learning algorithms, exploring broader applications across diverse ore types, and integrating hyperspectral imaging with emerging sensor technologies for enhanced mineral processing capabilities.

Background: Knee arthritis is a destructive disorder that affects the knee joints and causes pain and reduced mobility. Drug treatments, weight loss, and exercise control the symptoms of the disease, but these methods only delay the disease process and eventually, knee joint replacement surgery will be needed. After surgery, with the help of a proper physiotherapy program, full recovery takes an average of 6–12 months. However, currently, there is no similar tool to facilitate this process in Iran. Objective: The purpose of this research is to design and develop the prototype of a rehabilitation system for patients after knee replacement surgery, which provides patients with information and appropriate physiotherapy programs. Methods: This study was development-applied and was done in three stages. In the first stage, the needs and content of education and therapeutic exercises were prepared in the form of a checklist, and then the necessity of each item was checked in the evaluation sessions. In the second stage, the prototype of the system was developed using Adobe XD software and based on the requirements approved from the previous stage. In the third stage, the usability of the program was analyzed from the point of view of experts using the exploratory evaluation method with Nielsen's 13 principles of usability. Results: At first, the system requirements were extracted and prepared in two checklists of content (51 exercises) and capabilities (60 items). Then after a survey of experts based on the Delphi technique, content information (43 exercises) and functional and non-functional requirements (53 items) were obtained. A survey of experts helped to finalize the information elements, categorize them, and prepare the final version of the checklists. Based on this, the system requirements were classified into 11 categories, and the training content was classified into 3 training periods. Finally, the design and development of the system was done. This system has admin, physician, and patient user interfaces. The result of usability showed that this system is efficient and there are only a few problems in the feature of helping users to detect and recover from errors. Conclusion: It seems necessary to develop a system based on the principles of usability by therapists and rehabilitation specialists to train and monitor the remote rehabilitation process of patients after knee joint replacement at home. And the importance of involving stakeholders in the design and development of remote rehabilitation systems is not hidden from anyone. Kara system has all of the above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]