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Objective: Adolescent marriages are those that take place before the age of 18 years or before maturity and are associated with a wide range of health and psychological problems. This study was carried out to examine the reproductive health behaviour of women who got married during the adolescent period.Methods: In this study, convergent parallel design, in which the quantitative and qualitative stages of mixed method designs can be applied simultaneously, was used. This research was carried out with 245 women included in the quantitative section and 25 women in the qualitative section. During the collection of the quantitative data, face-to-face interview and semi-structured interview techniques were used. The data were collected using the content analysis method, and descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of quantitative data.Results: The mean age at first marriage was 16.1±0.9 (range 12–17) years. Quantitative analysis showed that, to have a healthy delivery, women adopted the practices of healthy life during pregnancy (88.7%), for the birth they maintained nutrition, ensured good hygiene and performed pain coping techniques (95.0%) and maintained personal hygiene during post-partum (69.8%). Analysis of the data collected in the in-depth interview on the women’s practices on sexual life and violence against women, five themes were identified ‘healthy sex life, sexual violence, legal procedures, social support and preventive practices’.Conclusion: Women who got married at adolescent age had problems with their reproductive health characteristics and reproductive health. Midwives can take an active role in meeting the service needs for this vulnerable group, solving reproductive health problems and improving women’s health during service provision., Amaç: Adölesan yaşta evlilik, fizyolojik ve psikolojik bakımdan evlilik ve çocuk doğurma sorumluluğu almaya hazır olmadan ve genellikle 18 yaşından önce gerçekleşen evliliklerdir. Bu araştırma, adölesan dönemde evlenen kadınların üreme sağlığı davranışlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, nicel ve nitel yöntemlerin aynı anda kullanılabileceği karma yöntem desenlerinden yakınsayan paralel desen kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma nicel bölümde yer alan 245, nitel bölümde yer alan 25 kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel verilerin toplanması sırasında yüz yüze görüşme ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmış, nicel verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Kadınların, ilk evlilik yaşı ortalamasının 16,1± 0,94 (Aralık: 12-17) olduğu saptanmıştır. Nicel verilerden alınan sonuçlara göre; kadınların gebelikte sağlıklı yaşam aktivitelerine uyum sağladığı (%88,7), sağlıklı doğum için hijyen/beslenmeyi sürdürdüğü / ağrı ile baş etme teknikleri uyguladığı (%95,0), doğum sonrası bakımda ise bireysel hijyeni sürdürdüğü (%69,8) belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın nitel bölümünde ise, kadınların cinsel yaşam ve kadına yönelik şiddet ile ilgili elde edilen veriler kodlanarak "sağlıklı cinsel yaşam, cinsel şiddet, yasal prosedürler, sosyal destek ve önleyici uygulamalar" beş tema oluşturulmuştur.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, adölesan yaşta evlenen kadınların üreme sağlığı özellikleri ve üreme sağlığına yönelik sorun yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Ebeler, hizmet sunumları sırasında bu hassas gruba yönelik hizmet gereksiniminin karşılanmasında, üreme sağlığı sorunlarının çözümünde ve kadın sağlığının geliştirilmesinde aktif rol alabilirler.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the complaints of patients and their relatives, to provide necessary measures and to find solutions.Material and MethodsIt was retrospectively analyzed and conducted as a single-center study. The complaints of patients and their relatives who applied to the Patient Rights Unit, Ministry of Health Communication Center, Prime Ministry Communication Center, Presidential Communication Center from the hospital medical records between 2018 and 2019 were examined. Data were analyzed on IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 package program.Results1385 applications were examined. Most of the complainants were men (66.1%). The most frequent complainants were between the ages of 20-40 (56.3%), high-school graduates (56.3%), in the self- employed/artisan group (24.2%). The most of the complaints were made application to the Patient Rights Unit (58.7%). Complaints were most common for physicians who in charge of primary care of the patient (49.5%) and least common for consultant physician (0.2%). The most common complaints were about poor attitude (26.9%) and long waiting time (21.7%). Most of the complaints were made in 2019 (n:835), July (n:239) and on Friday (n:326), and also most of the complaints were made against the Department of Pediatrics (n:190 (13.7%)) and Emergency Medicine (n:129 (9.3%). When the complaint-patient ratio was examined, it was perceived that the most complaints were from the laboratory and pathology departments.ConclusionIt is concluded that patient rights units are very crucial and they have an important role in evaluating the quality of institutions and determining the existing deficiencies as well as increasing patient satisfaction., AmaçBu çalışmanın amacı hasta ve hasta yakınlarının şikâyetlerini araştırmak ve buna yönelik olarak gerekli önlemleri almak ve çözüm bulmaktır.Gereç ve YöntemAraştırma tek merkezli ve geriye yönelik olarak yapıldı. 2018-2019 yılları arasındaki hastane kayıtlarından Hasta Hakları Birimi, Sağlık Bakanlığı İletişim Merkezi, Başbakanlık İletişim Merkezi, Cumhurbaşkanlığı İletişim Merkezi'ne başvuran hasta ve hasta yakınlarının şikâyetleri incelendi. Veriler IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 paket programında analiz edildi.Bulgular1385 şikâyet başvurusu incelenmiştir. Şikâyetçilerin çoğu erkek (%66.1), 20-40 yaş arası (%56.3), lise mezunu (%56.3) ve serbest meslek/esnaf grubundadır (%24.2). Şikâyetlerin çoğu Hasta Hakları Birimi'ne (%58.7) yapılmıştır. Şikâyetler en çok hastanın birincil bakımı ile ilgilenen hekimlerine (%49.5), en az da konsültan hekimlere (%0.2) yapılmıştır. En sık şikâyetler kötü tutum (%26.9) ve uzun bekleme süresidir (%21.7). En çok şikâyet 2019 yılında (n:835), Temmuz ayında (n:239) ve Cuma günü (n:326) yapılmış olup en çok Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı (n:190 (%13.7)) ve Acil Tıp Anabilim Dalına (n:129 (%9.3)) şikâyet yapılmıştır. Şikâyet-hasta oranı incelendiğinde ise en çok şikâyet oranının laboratuvar ve patoloji bölümleri olduğu görülmüştür.SonuçHasta hakları birimlerinin çok önemli birimler olduğu; kurumların kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde, mevcut eksikliklerin tespit edilmesinde ve hasta memnuniyetinin artırılmasında önemli bir role sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Aim: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma is common, it is one of the lymphomas whose differential diagnosis can be difficult. It is thought that Hodgkin cell may originate from the germinal center. Our aim in this study was to determine the germinal center transformation markers OCT-2, BOB.1, BCL-6, PAX-5, CD20 and MUM-1 in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL), Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL) and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) to evaluate the expressions of by immunohistochemical method and chromogenic in-situ hybridization (ISH) of EBV early RNAs (EBER).Material and methods: 49 biopsies diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 5 with NLPHL and 19 with DLBCL were evaluated for CD30, PAX-5, OCT-2, BOB.1, MUM-1, BCL-6, and CD20, and EBER positivity. SPSS 18 was used for statistical analysis.Results: 73 lymphoma cases were included in the study, 61.6% males and 38.4% females. The median age of patients was 50 years. CHL (67.1%) was the most common lymphoma type, and mixed cellular Hodgkin lymphoma (MSHL) was the most common subtype. There was a statistically significant difference in CD30, OCT-2, BOB.1, MUM-1, PAX-5, CD20, BCL-6, EBER expression between CHL and DLBCL cases (p, ÖZAmaç: Klasik Hodgkin Lenfoma sık görülmek ile birlikte ayrıcı tanısı zor olabilen lenfomalardandır. Hodgkin hücresinin germinal merkezli olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL), Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL) ve diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)’da germinal merkez transformasyon belirteçleri olan OCT-2, BOB.1, BCL-6, PAX-5, CD20 ve MUM-1’in ekspresyonlarını immünohistokimyasal yöntem ile, EBV early RNAs (EBER)’in chromogenic in-situ hybridization (ISH) ile değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve yöntemler: 49 Hodgkin lenfoma (HL), 5'i NLPHL ve 19'u DLBCL tanılı biyopsi CD30, PAX-5, OCT-2, BOB.1, MUM-1, BCL-6 ve CD20 ve EBER pozitifliği açısından değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analiz için SPSS 18 kullanıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya %61.6 erkek ve %38.4 kadın olmak üzere 73 lenfoma olgusu dahil edildi. Hastaların medyan yaşı 50 idi. En sık görülen lenfoma tipi CHL (%67,1), en sık görülen alt tip mikst hücreli Hodgkin lenfoma (MSHL) idi. CHL ve DLBCL olguları arasında CD30, OCT-2, BOB.1, MUM-1, PAX-5, CD20, BCL-6, EBER ekspresyonu açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p

PURPOSE: Our aim is to compare the pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes of male and female patients diagnosed with COPD. METHODS: Outpatient PR program, consisting of 16 sessions, two times a week for two months was applied to the patients with COPD (41 males, 41 females). arterial blood gas (ABG) analyzes and pulmonary function tests (PFT), 6-minute walking test (6MWT), dyspnea scale (mMRC), health-related quality of life (QoL) questionnaire (SF-36), disease-specific health status (SGRQ) were applied to all participants before and after PR. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant differences between the two groups before PR in terms of age, BMI, PFT parameters, and ABG results. Cigarette consumption was higher in men(p=0.02). Quality of life survey results (SGRQ, SF36), HAD anxiety, mMRC were similar in both groups before PR(p>0.05 for all).After PR, both clinical and statistically significant improvements were detected in 6mWD in both groups (p

Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireyler genel olarak toplumda tehlikeli ve uzak durulması gereken kişiler olarak görülmektedirler. Toplum tarafından korkulan ve ayrıştırılan bu bireyler gerekli tedavilere ulaşma konusunda isteksizlik yaşamakta, sosyal hayatlarından kopmakta ve çoğu zaman yalnız bırakılmaktadırlar. Çoğunlukla da karşılaştıkları tutum nedeniyle izole bir hayat sürmek zorunda kalmaktadırlar. Ruhsal bozukluğu olan hastalar damgalanmanın bir etkisi olarak bazen suçla ilişkilendirilmekte bazen de suçun bizzat kurbanı olabilmektedir. Bu derlemede literatür taraması yoluyla ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylerde damgalanmanın neden olduğu olumsuz durumlar ve damgalanma ile suç kavramı arasındaki ilişki üzerinde durulmuştur. Derleme, hastalıkları nedeniyle toplumdan soyutlanan bu bireylerin toplumun bir parçası olduğunun ve olumlu tutumlarla birlikte daha fazla rehabilite olabilecekleri yönünde farkındalığın artması açışından önemlidir., Individuals with mental disorders are generally seen as dangerous and should be avoided in the society. These individuals, who are feared and separated by the society, are reluctant to reach the necessary treatments, are disconnected from their social lives and are often left alone. Mostly, they have to lead an isolated life because of the attitude they face. As an effect of stigma, patients with mental disorders may sometimes associated with crime or be victims of crime themselves. In this review, the negative situations caused by stigma among patients with mental disorders and the relationship between stigma and the concept of crime were emphasized through literature review. The review is important in terms of increasing awareness that these individuals who are isolated from the society due to their diseases are a part of the society and that they can be more rehabilitated with positive attitudes.

Objective: Juvenile delinquency (JD) is increasing day by day and it is more common in males. Many risk factors for JD have been identified. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of male JDs and to determine potential predictive effects of sociodemographic factors on JD. Method: Juvenile delinquents (JDs) consisted of 138 boys and sociodemographic data of them were obtained retrospectively. The control group (CG) consisted of 133 boys of similar age to JDs, and the participants were asked to fill out sociodemographic data. The potential predictive effect of sociodemographic factors were evaluated by linear logistic regression analysis. Results: The families of the 94 JDs had low socioeconomic level, and the families of the103 control cases had medium-high socioeconomic level. It was determined that 46% of the mothers of JDs and 18% of their fathers were illiterate, while in CG, these rates were 6% and 0.8%, respectively. The school dropout rate was 0% in CG and 32% in JDs. In addition, 26% of the JDs were found to have another individual committed crime in family. This rate was 3% in CG. It was showed that school dropout, low school achievement, taking disciplinary punishment, low family income and the presence of an individual committed crime in family had potential predictive effect on JD. Conclusions: The results of the study have showed that there is an association between JD and sociodemographic characteristics. These results may be useful in the development of prevention and intervention programs for JD.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the hemoglobin a1c (Hba1c) test in pediatric prediabetes, and to determine the cut-off value for the pediatric age , to examine the relationship of the Hba1c test between glucose levels,.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out by retrospectively evaluating the data of 548 children. Prediabetes cases were determined by taking fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2 hour (2h) glucose levels as a reference. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for Hba1c, fasting, and OGTT 2h glucose tests. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each test by receiver-operating characteristic analysis.Results: Based on glucose values, 1.6% of individuals were assigned to the diabetes mellitus, 14.6% to prediabetes, and 83.8% to normoglycemia group. When 5.7 was used as the threshold value for Hba1c in prediabetes, the sensitivity was 31.3%, specificity was 87.8%, PPV was 30.9%, and NPV was 88.0%, AUC:0,686. The optimal cut-off value of Hba1c was determined as 5.35%. At this value, the sensitivity was calculated as 66.3% and the specificity as 61.4%.Conclusion: Although the use of adult HbA1c criteria for the diagnosis of prediabetes in the pediatric ages is controversial due to the differences between the results of OGTT and HbA1c-based tests, prediabetes screening is still important. HbA1c≥5.35 will be useful to follow up on children with prediabetes in terms of risk and to screen them with OGTT., Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı hemoglobin a1c (Hba1c) testinin çocuklarda prediyabet açısından tanısal performansının değerlendirilmesi, Hba1c testi için cut-off değer belirlenmesi ve Hba1c testinin glukoz ile ilişkisinin incelenmesiydi.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma 548 çocuğa ait verinin retrospektif değerlendirilmesiyle gerçekleştirildi. Prediyabet vakaları açlık ve oral glukoz tolerans testi 2. saat glukoz verilerine göre belirlendi. Sensitivite, spesifite, pozitif prediktif değer (PPV), negatif prediktif değer (NPV) ve ROC (receiver-operating characteristic) analiziyle AUC (area under the curve); açlık ve OGTT 2 sa glukozu, Hba1c testlerinin herbiri için hesaplandı.Bulgular: Glukoz verilerine göre bireylerin 1.6%’sı diabetes mellitus, %14.6’sı prediyabet, %83.8’i ise normoglisemi grubuna atandı. Prediyabette Hba1c testi için 5.7 değeri cut-off olarak alındığında sensitivite %31.3, spesifite %87.8, PPV %30.9, NPV %88.0, AUC:0,686 olarak hesaplandı. Hba1c opimal cut-off değeri %5.35 olarak belirlendi. Bu değerde sensitivite 66.3%, spesifite ise 61.4% olarak hesaplandı.Sonuç: Pediatrik yaşlarda prediyabet tanısında erişkin HbA1c kriterlerinin kullanımı OGTT ve HbA1c temelli test sonuçları arasındaki farklılıklar nedeniyle tartışmalı olsa da prediyabet taraması önemini korumaktadır. HbA1c ≥ 5,35 değerinin prediyabetli çocukların risk açısından takip edilmesi ve OGTT ile taranması konusunda faydalı olacağı kanaatindeyiz.

Methylation, which is the most studied epigenetic mechanism, is a chemical reaction that allows the genome to be arranged in its normal structure. DNA methylation patterns change with development and aging, differing between cell types. Disorders in methylation play a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Nutrition plays an important role in the epigenetic process. DNA methylation patterns can be modulated by dietary factors. Poor dietary habits can alter gene expression by causing metabolic or chemical modifications. Understanding the role of the methylation cycle in diseases such as cancer, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes is of considerable importance for elucidating the pathogenesis of diseases. In this review, the methylation cycle, the concept of the methylation cycle in nutrition and disease relationships are explained., Etkisi en çok araştırılmış epigenetik mekanizma olan metilasyon; genomun normal yapıda düzenlenmesini sağlayan kimyasal bir tepkimedir. DNA metilasyon kalıpları, gelişim ve yaşlanma ile birlikte değişir, hücre tipleri arasında farklılık gösterir. Metilasyondaki bozukluklar birçok hastalığın patogenezinde rol oynar. Epigenetik süreçte beslenmenin rolü büyüktür. DNA metilasyon kalıpları diyet faktörleri tarafından modüle edilebilir. Kötü beslenme alışkanlıkları metabolik ya da kimyasal modifikasyonlara neden olarak gen ekspresyonu değiştirebilir. Özellikle kanser, obezite, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, diyabet gibi hastalıklardaki metilasyon döngüsünün rolünün bilinmesi bu hastalıkların patogenezinin aydınlatılması için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu derlemede metilasyon döngüsü, beslenmede metilasyon döngüsü kavramı ve hastalık ilişkileri anlatılmıştır.

Diabetes mellitus associated with oxidative stress and inflammation can affect many organs. While the effects of diabetes on many organs are well known and documented, its mechanisms of action on the lung are known far less. Hyperglycemia can lead to lung damage by increasing oxidative stresses and inflammation. Diabetes may be a trigger for pulmonary fibrosis, as studies suggest that there may be an important link between pulmonary fibrosis and diabetes. In this review, the histopathological changes caused by diabetes in the lung tissue were summarized. In addition, changes in the lung due to inflammation, oxidative stress and pulmonary fibrosis mechanisms were evaluated.

Objective:Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The surgical approach to locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) goes beyond the classical approach and requires a multidisciplinary approach both preoperatively and postoperatively. In addition to the tumor size, the location of T3 tumors affects the extent of the surgery.Materials and Methods:Patients who underwent lung resection for cancer between March 2019 and October 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who underwent chest wall resection were evaluated in terms of age, gender, pathology, type of operation, survival, recurrence, complications, receipt of preoperative chemotherapy, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, whether or not mediastinoscopy was performed, STAS (The spread through air spaces) positivity, visceral pleural invasion, parietal pleural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and alveolar/bronchial wall invasion.Results:Thoracic wall resection was performed in nine patients with locally advanced NSCLC. The use of prolene mesh was required in eight patients. All patients complained of pain in the thoracic wall in the preoperative period. Postoperative pathology results showed STAS positivity in four patients; alveolar/bronchial wall invasion in four; and visceral, parietal, pleural, and lymphovascular invasion in seven. The mean survival of the patients was 24.20 months (0.63–39). No patient developed recurrence during the follow-up period.Conclusion:Chest wall resection and reconstruction for lung cancer is a surgical treatment method that should be performed without violating respiratory physiology and by using a small amount/number of synthetic materials., Amaç: Akciğer Kanseri dünya çapında kanser ölümlerinin önde gelen nedeni olmaya devam etmektedir. Lokal ileri küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserinde (khdak) cerrahi yaklaşım klasik yaklaşımın ötesine geçerek hem preoperatif hem de post operatif multidisipliner yaklaşım ihtiyacını doğurur. Tümörün boyutunun büyüklüğüne ek olarak boyuttan bağımsız T3 tümörlerin yerleşim yeri uygulanacak cerrahinin büyüklüğünü etkiler.Gereç ve Yöntem: Patients who underwent lung resection for malignancy between March 2019 and October 2022 were retrospectively examined. Göğü duvarı rezeksiyonu uygulanan hastalar yaş, cinsiyet, patoloji, operasyon şekli, sağkalım, nüks, komplikasyonlar, preoperatif kemoterapi alıp-almadığı, TNM evresi, mediastinoskopi yapılıp-yapılmadığı, STAS ( The spread through air spaces) pozitifliği, visseral plevra invazyonu, paryetal plevra invazyonu, lenfovasküler invazyon, perinöral invazyon ve alveol/bronş duvarı invazyonu açısından değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Lokal ileri küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri nedeniyle 9 hastaya toraks duvarı rezeksiyonu uygulanmıştır. Hastaların 8’indee prolen mesh kullanma ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Tüm hastalarda preoperatif dönemde toraks duvarında ağrı şikayeti mevcuttu. Postoperatif patoloji sonuçlarında hastaların 4’ünde STAS pozitifliği, 4’ünde alveol/bronş duvarı invazyonu, 7’sinde visseral, paryetal plevra ve lenfovasküler invazyon tespit edilmiştir. Hastaların ortalam sağ kalım süresi 24,20 ay (0,63-39) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Takip süresi içerisinde nüks gelişen hasta olmamıştır.Sonuç: Akciğer kanseri nedeniyle gerçekleştirilen göğüs duvarı rezeksiyonu ve rekonstrüksiyonu solunum fizyolojisine aykırı davralınmadan ve az miktarda/sayıda sentetik materyal tercih edilerek gerçekleştirilmesi gereken bir cerrahi tedavi yöntemidir.

Purpose: Breastfeeding is important with regard to public health. Our aim was to examine effects of spousal support in the early postpartum period on breastfeeding motivation in patriarchal societies.Material and Methods: Study was descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design. Study was conducted in a pediatrics outpatient clinic of University Hospital in Inland Anatolia Region in Turkey. It included primiparous (n=145) and multiparous (n=152) women. Data were collected by using Demographic Data Collection Form, The Scale of Perceived Spousal Support among Women in the Early Postpartum Period and The Breastfeeding Motivation Scale. Descriptive and Simple linear regression analyses were conducted in this study.Results: Analysis showed a significant positive, moderate relation between spousal support and breastfeeding motivation in the primiparous women; spousal support accounted for 23.8% of breastfeeding motivation of the women. There was a significant, positive weak relation between spousal support and breastfeeding motivation in the multiparous women; spousal support explained 8.2% of breastfeeding motivation in these women.Conclusion: Spousal support in the early postpartum period was found to have a positive influence on improvement of breastfeeding motivation. However, it could explain a small percentage of breastfeeding motivation. New strategies should be created to encourage spouses to get involved in breastfeeding.

Background and Objective: Tokophobia is a manifestation of severe anxiety that causes fear for women. As a result, women tend to avoid having children and pregnancy due to their fear of childbirth, despite their great interest in having children and the beauty of motherhood. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between Vaginismus, Dysmenorrhea, and social support and tokophobia through the mediation of childbirth self-efficacy. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all pregnant women referred to Taleghani Hospital. Out of the population, 146 pregnant women were selected as the research sample using the availability sampling technique. Research data were collected using the Tokophobia Questionnaire (2021), Multidimensional Vaginal Penetration Disorder Questionnaire (MVPDQ), Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Lowe's Childbirth Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The collected data were then analyzed using the Smart PLS software and statistical methods of correlation and path analysis. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between, vaginismus with child birth self-efficacy (B=0.341, t=4.145, p0. 05) . Conclusion: According to the fitting indices of the model, it can be concluded that the tokophobia model has an weak fit on the basis of vaginismus, dysmenorrhea, and social support and mediating role of child birth self-efficacy

Purpose: To evaluate the care burden of the caregivers of dementia patients and the relationship between anxiety-depression risk and quality of life. Methods: This study was conducted with 152 primary caregivers of dementia patients by using “Caregiver Burden Inventory”(CBI), “Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale” (HADS) and “Short Version of the Quality of Life Assessment Instrument From the World Health Organization” (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: Mean age of the caregivers was 49.4±9.0 years; of them, 79.6% were females, 54.6% were graduates of elementary/secondary school. Mean age of dementia patients was 79.8±8.0 years; of them, 55.2% were females, 46.1% had advanced stage dementia and 30.9% had pressure ulcers. High care burden was detected in 101 (66.4%) caregivers, anxiety in 37 (24.3%) and depression in 109 (71.7%). The scores of HAD-A and HAD-D were significantly high (p=0.007, p=0.002) and WHOQOL-Bref score was significantly lower (p=0.001) in caregivers of the patients with pressure ulcers. Scores of CBI, HAD-A and HAD-D were found to significantly increase (p=0.005, p=0.042 and p=0.030, respectively) and WHOQOL-Bref score was found to significantly decrease (p=0.009) as stage of dementia increased. HAD-A and HAD-D scores were detected to increase (p=0.000, p=0.000) and WHOQOL-Bref score was detected to decrease (p=0.000) as CBI score increased. Conclusion: Dementia causes a high care burden for the caregivers. It is of vital importance to facilitate reaching professional support services for reducing care burden that increases with increasing stage, and establishing hospice care institutions for reducing the risk of mental disorders and for improving quality of life of the caregivers.

Purpose: Even though Miescher’s nevus (MN) is very common in general population, little is known aboutthe validity of dermoscopic criteria to differentiate it from other papulonodular lesions located on the headand neck. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dermoscopic findings of Miescher nevi (MNs) on thehead and neck in patients aged ≥40 years.Material and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 170 MNs in 94 patients wereevaluated by using polarized light dermoscopy. Frequencies of dermoscopic findings in MNs weredetermined using Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows 15.0.Results: The most frequently detected dermoscopic pattern in MNs was globular pattern (64.5%), lessoften homogeneous (32.4%) or cobblestone pattern (2.9%). Globules were observed in 75.3% of MNs anddots were seen in 12.4%. They frequently had skin-colored (87.1%) or light-brown (49.4%) homogeneousstructureless areas. Elongated comma vessels (47.1%) were the most common vascular findings.Although comma vessels (33.5%) and linear vessels (4.7%) were also observed, 11.2% of MNs presented“tristar vessels” (a newly described vascular pattern) that showed regular ‘tristar like ramifications’ in thedistal part of the vessels.Conclusion: Firstly identified “tristar vessel pattern” is a dermoscopic description of MNs that can be auseful clue to differential diagnosis.Keywords: Miescher’s nevus, dermoscopy, vascular pattern, tristar vessels, arborizing vessel

Aim: This study aimed to determine the correlation between spousal support, postpartum depression (PPD), and breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSES) in the postpartum period.Methods: This descriptive correlational study was performed on 300 postpartum women. Data collected with using The Perceived Spousal Support among Women in Early Postpartum Period Scale (PSSAWEPP), The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and Postpartum Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF).Results: There was a negative correlation between women's perceived level of spousal support and their postpartum depression (PPD) status (p, Giriş: Bu çalışmada doğum sonu dönemde dönemde eş desteği, postpartum depresyon ve emzirme öz-yeterliliği arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı korelasyonel tipte planlanan bu çalışma postpartum dönemdeki 300 kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler “Doğum Sonu Erken Dönemde Eş Destek Ölçeği (PSSAWEPP)”, “Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeği (EPDS)” ve “Postpartum Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (BSES-SF)” kullanılarak toplanmıştır.Bulgular: Kadınların algıladıkları eş desteği düzeyi ile doğum sonrası depresyon (PPD) durumları arasında negatif bir ilişki vardır (p

Aim: SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently affects the lungs, it can also cause severe inflammation in the lower respiratory tract, leading to tracheal damage. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the mean tracheal air column and COVID-19.Material and Method: Chest computed tomography scans of COVID-19 patients treated in an intensive care unit between June 1st, 2020 and October 1st 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The air column area of the trachea was measured and the effect of the values obtained on mortality and length of stay in the intensive care unit for patients COVID-19 was examined.Results: We found that an increase in the mean tracheal air column increased mortality by 1.218 times. We also determined that an increase in the mean area of the tracheal air column increased the length of stay in the intensive care unit. Furthermore, we showed that advanced age and an increase in the length of stay in the intensive care unit were factors that increased mortality.Conclusion: Tracheomegaly is a poor prognostic factor in COVID-19 disease and is easily diagnosed with CT.

Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) is the most common neurological cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of GBS are vital due to possible deadly consequences. Awareness of the silent neurological symptoms in patients preparing for upcoming surgery may have critically crucial for a urologist. Developing GBS after relieving urosepsis is rarely addressed in the literature. Therefore, this report presents an infrequent complication of Escherichia coli (E. coli)-induced urosepsis, GBS. A 47-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department in a septic state. During the intensive care unit management with the preliminary diagnosis of sepsis-related hypovolemic shock, a nephrostomy catheter was placed in an obstructed left kidney due to impacted upper ureteral calculus with 1.5 cm in size. Following the improvement of the patient’s condition in intensive care unit with proper management, the patient was transferred to the urology ward for definitive treatment. During the follow-up, however, the patient showed some neurological signs and symptoms considering GBS. An obtained cerebral spinal fluid analysis revealed an albumin-cytologic dissociation and examining the patient underpinned the diagnosis. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin for five days, according to the guidlines. After the treatment, the patient’s condition improved rapidly following two weeks. The left obstructed ureteral stones were removed with ureteroscopy. A stone-free status was achieved the following month. GBS is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide, and proper management is essential due to poor prognosis. GBS after a uroseptic condition is sporadic, but any surgery on patients who experience active GBS would bode for severe consequences, so awareness of the silent neurological symptoms in patients prepared for upcoming surgery is vital for a urologist. We aimed to remind with this report of the possibility of GBS for a patient who expresses neurological symptoms following a septic state.

Aim: This study investigated the risk of premature progesterone (P4) rise in the fixed and sequential estradiol valerate (EV) administration for frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles.Material and Method: In this cross-sectional case-control study, 1272 cycles of FET were analyzed retrospectively from computer records between January 2015 to August 2020. EV was administrated in 795 patients with a fixed dose and in 477 patients with a sequential dose. P4 values were measured on the day when the endometrial thickness reached 8 mm in the patients.Results: There were 795 patients in the fixed EV administration group with a mean age of 30.75±3.39 and 477 patients in the sequential EV administration with a mean age of 30.75±3.39. P4 of the sequential-dose group (1.05±0.31) was significantly higher than the fixed-dose group (1.01±0.33). The Pairwise Z-Tests found that the abort rate was significantly higher in the sequential-dose group (p=0.04).Conclusion: Our results showed a higher P4 and abortion rate in the sequential-dose group. These findings show that premature P4 rise can be considered a risk factor.

Aim: In patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, a situation called cytokine storm and an increase in proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the blood has been observed and it has been found that this is clinically related to the development of severe disease. Therefore, tocilizumab (TCZ) therapy that blocks IL-6 will reduce the immunological response and thus potentially harm caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of TCZ treatment on length of hospital stay, need for invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality in COVID-19 patients followed in the tertiary intensive care unit.Material and Method: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia between 01.09.2020 and 01.01.21 in intensive care units. Data were analyzed and evaluated separately in patients who received and did not receive TCZ treatment. Patients older than 18 years of age, who were hospitalized for at least 24 hours with the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia and needed ≥36 hours of oxygen therapy, were not referred to another health center, were included in this study. Pregnant and lactating women were not included in the study. Patients with missing at least one data in the parameters to be evaluated were excluded from the study. Patients treated with an IL-6 inhibitor other than TCZ were excluded.Results: After excluding patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria, 565 patients were included in the study. It was found that patients who received TCZ treatment after propensity score matching (PSM) had a significantly higher mean age (P

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the most suitable endometrial preparation protocols such as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRH-a) suppression, HRT without GnRH-a suppression and mild ovarian stimulation (OS) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET).Material and Method: We conducted a historical cohort analysis of 161 women with PCOS who underwent the “freeze-all” strategy between December 2018 and August 2020 because of their high risk for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Three endometrial preparation protocols were used: HRT with GnRH-a suppression (n=43); HRT without GnRH-a suppression (n=86); mild-OS (n=32).Results: The biochemical pregnancy results (55.8 % vs 54.65 % vs 53, p=0.900), ongoing pregnancy rates (44.2 % vs 43 % vs 40.62, p=0.572), and abort rates (20.8 % vs 21.3 % vs 23.52, p=0.900) were similar between the HRT with GnRH-a suppression, without GnRH-a suppression and mild-OS, respectively. This study showed no statistically significant difference between the three protocols in laboratory parameters (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was no statistically difference between three groups in terms of pregnancy outcomes. Dependent on clinical experience and facility, one of these protocols could be deployed for FET in women with PCOS.

Aim: Stroke remains a massive public health burden, affecting approximately 795,000 individuals each year. It is the leading cause of long-term disability in adults and the third leading cause of death in developed countries. After a stroke, medical complications are common and can prolong hospital stay, worsen stroke outcomes, and increase the cost of care. The most common medical complications related to stroke are infections, including pneumonia and urinary tract infection (UTI). Intervention strategies previously investigated in these cases and other patient populations include prophylactic antibiotics, antiseptic-impregnated catheters, and quality improvement interventions to reduce inappropriate catheterization. In addition, in recent years, complementary and alternative medicine methods, such as Melaleuca viridiflora (also known as tea tree or Niaouli oil) have become increasingly popular. The primary uses of this oil have historically been associated with the antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects of this plant. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of M. viridiflora (Niaouli) oil in the treatment of UTIs in stroke patients.Material and Method: We did not find any study in the literature on the effects of Niaouli aromatherapeutic oil on UTIs, which are common in hemiplegic patients; therefore, we planned the current study. The hospital records were screened to identify patients treated at the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Unit of Health Sciences University Adana City Training and Research Hospital, who were diagnosed with UTIs during their follow-up and recommended Niaouli aromatherapy oil as a complementary treatment. The oil was supplied by the patients themselves. As the method of use, the patients were asked to prepare a washing solution by dripping 10 drops of Niaouli oil into 1 liter of water. The patients were recommended to wash the perineum area three times a day with this solution for 20 days.Results: The mean age of the hemiplegic patients evaluated in the study was 51.55±19.20 (min=18, max=77) years. Of the patients, 72.7% were male, 42.4% had an American Spinal Injury Association classification of C, 54.5% had spontaneous bladder emptying, and 30.3% had stage 1, 21.1% had stage 2, and 3.0% had stage 3 spasticity. Leukocyte esterase and leukocyte in urine and sedimentation values​ statistically significantly decreased in the post-treatment period compared to the pre-treatment period.Conclusion: UTI is a common complication in stroke patients. In this study, it was determined that the efficacy of the treatment of UTIs increased, and the use of antibiotics significantly decreased with the utilization of the fungicidal and bactericidal effects of M. viridiflora (Niaouli) aromatherapy oil.

Aim: Systemic immune-inflammation indexes have been reported to be associated with clinical outcomes in several malignancies. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the potential relationship between prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), the neutrophil- to- lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the monocyte- to- lymphocyte ratio (MLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the treatment response in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).Material and Method: Esophageal cancer (EC) patients who underwent neoadjuvant CRT were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Immune-inflammation indexes were calculated from pretreatment blood counts in samples obtained. The relationships between PNI, SII, NLR, MLR, PLR values, treatment response, and overall survival (OS) rates were examined.Results: The data of 103 patients with EC who were referred to the Radiation Oncology Clinic of Dr Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. In the univariate analysis for OS, alcohol consumption, CRT agent, NLR, MLR, PLR, SII and PNI were found as prognostic factors. Also alcohol consumption was found as an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analyzes (HR:5.201, 95% CI:1.9-14.2, p=0.01). Conclusion: In our study, high SII and low PNI values ​​were not found to be independent poor prognostic factors for OS, but lower OS rates were observed in patients with high SII and low PNI values.

Aim: Decreased or delayed multifidus and transversus abdominis (TrA) activity, transition of the TrA from tonic to phasic activity, and increased activity in the more superficial erector spinae muscles are behaviors unique to people with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). This study investigates whether the abdominal hollowing maneuver (AHM), which activates the TrA, can improve the rates of impaired muscle reciprocal activation of the lower extremities due to unilateral LDH during walking, tandem walking, and stair climbing activities.Material and Method: The healthy and affected lower extremities of 17 patients with unilateral LDH were analyzed. The participants performed three activities and three times without the AHM. For the walking activity, the participants took a total of eight steps without deviating from their normal gait pattern. For the tandem walking activity, the participants covered the eight-step distance by performing heel-to-toe walking. For the stair climbing activity, the participants climbed a total of four steps without support from their upper extremities. The researchers visually checked the postures of the participants during all stages of the activities. The ratio of tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MGC) electromyographic values that emerged during the activities to the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) values of these muscles was called MVIC%. Then the MVIC% values of the TA and MGC were matched, and the muscle reciprocal activation ratio ("MVIC%"-TA/"MVIC%"-MGC) was determined. While the activities were being performed, the MVIC% values of both muscles were measured separately without and with the AHM.Results: Reliability values ranged from 0.87 to 0.99, with an SEM of 2.22 to 11.98. The ICC3,1 was considered “good” or “excellent” for all muscle surface electromyography measurements. During the tandem walking activity performed with the AHM, the reciprocal activation rates of TA: MGC on the affected and healthy legs converged (p=0.010, d=0.71). However, TA: MGC reciprocal activation rates did not differ between the affected and healthy extremities in the walking (p=0.519, d=0.16) or stair climbing (p=0.180, d=0.35) activities performed with the AHM.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, integration of the AHM into tandem walking activity brought the reciprocal activation rates of both legs closer to each other and enabled them to exhibit similar behaviors, even without adherence to any exercise protocol. Therefore, tandem walking can be selected as an appropriate activity to combine with spinal stabilization exercises performed by unilateral L4-L5 radiculopathy patients using the AHM along with the task.

Aim: The aim of our study is to reveal the factors affecting the clinical course of COVID-19 infection and mortality in immune and non-immune patients aged 65 and over.Material and Method: The study was carried out by scanning the files of a total of 1,642 COVID-19 cases aged 65 and over. The 1337 cases included in the study were divided into two groups as follows: patients who were vaccinated with the 2nd dose of CoronaVac but became infected with COVID-19 after the 14-day period in which immunization should develop (Group I) and the others who were unvaccinated, or infected with COVID-19 after a single dose of vaccination or infected after receiving a 2nd dose of vaccination in 14 days (Group II). The groups were compared with each other about mortality and the factors affecting mortality.Results: The length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and the total length of hospital stay were significantly longer in Group II than Group I (p

Aim: Septum pellucidum is a thin membrane with right and left leaves, and cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is formed in the intermembrane region. This study investigates CSP nomogram dimensions for all trimesters in the Turkish population. In addition, the relationship between fetal Doppler flow and CSP size was investigated in this study.Material and Method: This study was designed as a prospective cohort between 2019-2020. Pregnant women between 19-42 weeks who were followed up at University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were included in the study.Results: A total of 517 fetuses meeting our criteria were included in this prospective study. In the second trimester (19-28 weeks) CSP width (4.12±0.88 vs. 4.91±1.42, p

Aim: Nutritional indicators are associated with adverse outcomes in critically ill elderly patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of prealbumin and albumin in the prediction of mortality in elderly patients with sepsis. Material and Method: A total of 108 patients who developed intensive care unit-acquired sepsis were divided into two groups: Survivors (n=72) and Non-survivors (n=36). Results: Patients in the Non-survivors group were often older (68 vs 74) and presented lower prealbumin (15.1 vs 11), and higher Charlson index (4 vs 6), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (8.5 vs 10), C-reactive protein (CRP) (68.8 vs 91) and procalcitonin (PCT) (6 vs 8.4) (p< 0.05). The area under the curve of PCT was the highest at 0.74. Prealbumin presented the best sensitivity (75%) and 12 mg/dL cut-off value, while PCT had the best specificity (75%) and a cut-off value of 7 ng/mL. Although prealbumin was negatively correlated to SOFA score in a significant way (r=-0.226, p=0.019), White blood cells, CRP, and PCT were positively correlated to SOFA score (r=0.198, p=0.040; r=0.233, p=0.015; r=0.286, p=0.003, respectively). In addition, a weak negative correlation was observed between prealbumin and CRP and PCT (r=-0.203, p=0.037; r=-0.215, p=0.026, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that a reduction in serum prealbumin levels compared to steady prealbumin greater than 4 mg/dL increased the risk of death by 85% (aHR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.05-2.56, p=0.029). Conclusion: Changes in serum prealbumin in the acute phase of sepsis may assist in determining the risk of mortality and in the administration of specific treatment in critically ill elderly patients.

Objective: In the last two decades, research on epigenetic mechanisms has expanded dramatically. Recent studies demonstrated that epigenetic mechanisms regulate epilepsy and epileptogenic pathologies. In this study, we aimed to investigate changes in the promoter methylation status of the voltage-gated T-type calcium channel alpha 1 subunit G (CACNA1G) gene and total histone deacetylase activity in Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rats which is one of the commonly used genetic absence rat models of epilepsy in the three different age groups (3, 6, and 9 months old) on both sexes. Material and Method: Evaluation of changes in the spike-wave discharges (SWDs) was performed with electrocorticography (ECoG). The promoter methylation status of the CACNA1G gene was determined by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity was determined spectrophotometrically. Results: Our results demonstrated that the number of SWDs increased time-dependent in WAG/Rij. Additionally, it was observed that CACNA1G promoter methylation decreased, and total HDAC activity increased with age in both sexes. Conclusion: Our results provide further support for epigenetic regulation in the absence epilepsy phenotype and suggest that the underlying mechanism behind the increase in the number of SWDs with age in the WAG/Rij animals might be regulated by CACNA1G promoter methylation or HDAC activity.

Aim: The present study aimed to determine the frequency of influenza-A and B antigens in swab samples and to examine their potential changes at the time of initial diagnosis in differentiating the diagnosis of influenza infection from other causes of upper respiratory tract infection by physical examination and vital clinical signs in the emergency room.Material and Method: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive research analyzed 113 patients with Influenza-A (n:8) and B (n:15) over the age of 18 who applied to the emergency department in the last three years, were diagnosed with acute upper respiratory tract and underwent nasopharyngeal swab sampling were included in the study. The data of the patients were accessed digitally from the University hospital database.Results: The headache score was higher, while there was no difference between vital clinical signs and those with positive or negative swab tests (p>0.05). White blood cells in blood count parameters were lower in the Influenza test-positive group (p0.05).Conclusion: Influenza infections should be examined in detail in terms of costs to both public health and social security institutions, considering the burdens of diagnosis and treatment.

Aim: It was aimed to evaluate the effect of pandemic in cardiac pathologies, especially acute coronary syndrome in young cases.Material and Method: Between January 2019-May 2021, 510 young patients aged between 18-50 years with acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia or pericarditis were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups as pre-pandemic and pandemic period, and the pandemic period was divided into two groups as Coronavirus Disesase 2019 (COVID) (-)/(+). In addition, patients were divided into groups according to their diagnosis. Demographic data, diagnostic classifications, COVID-PCR results, white blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophil, lymphocyte, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, platelet, platelet lymphocyte ratio, C reactive protein, glucose, troponin values and survival data of the patients were recorded.Results: The median age of 510 patients included in the study was 44(39-48) years, 395(77.5%) were male. When the diagnoses were put into groups by time, unstable angina was the most common diagnosis in each group. In the COVID(+) group, 39(23.8%) non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), 17(10.4%) inferior MI, and 14(8.5%) anterior MI were found. Twenty three (4.5%) of all cases resulted in mortality. According to the diagnoses, the most common mortality was in the inferior MI group with 10(28.6%) cases (p

Aim: Differentiation of natural and forced deaths observed in this age group is very important in the forensic medicine practice. According to the address based population registration system, population rate of 65 years and older has been 9.5% of the total population in 2020. In the present study, we aimed to medicolegal evaluation of demographic data and autopsy findings of judicial geriatric deaths in Bursa and around.Material and Method: Autopsy reports of the cases who have been taken to Morgue Specialization Office of Council of Forensic Medicine Institution and at 65 years and over, crime scene and deceased examination reports and data in the prosecution documents were assessed retrospectively between 2003-2008 in our study. Results: During 6-year period, totally 5155 autopsies have been investigated in Morg Specialization Office of Bursa Council of Forensic Medicine Institution. Among such cases, 870 (16.8%) were 65 years old and older. Cases who were 65 years old and older included 640 (73.6%) were male, 230 (26.4%) were female. In terms of death origin, 434 (49.9%) were natural deaths, 267 (30.7%) were accidents, 102 (11.7%) were suicides and 52 (6%) were homicides. Origin of death of the remaining 15 (1.7%) could not be detected. According to the information obtained from the statements of the witnesses in crime scene investigation and dead body examination reports, a previous disease existed in 336 (38.6%) cases before death. Diseases which have been existing before death includes cardiac diseases, hypertension, central nervous system pathologies, diabetes mellitus, respiratory system pathologies, undefined psychiatric disorders, gastrointestinal system pathologies and malignancies, respectively to frequency.Conclusion: In line with prolongation of life expectancy and increase in the geriatric population, it is observed according to our outcomes that an increase is detected in judicial geriatric death cases due to neuropsychiatric disease, leading a solitary life and psychomotor imbalance.

Aim: It was aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of primary tumor metabolic-volumetric parameters of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in resectable tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Materials and Methods: The imaging findings of 44 TSCC patients (23 females, 21 males, mean age: 58 ± 12) with resectable tumors who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for primary staging before surgery between 2010-2021 were evaluated retrospectively. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of primary tumors were acquired from PET/CT. Histopathological risk factors (pathological tumor and nodal stage, perineural and lymphovascular invasion, depth of invasion, surgical margin positivity) obtained from surgical resection material of primary tumors were also recorded. The prognostic values of imaging and histopathological parameters were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression models. Survival curves were estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: The median follow-up period after diagnosis was 24 months (range: 2-152 months). The univariate and multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that MTV was the only parameter which was significantly related to prognosis for PFS and OS. The patients with higher MTV (> 3.13 cm3) had lower OS and PFS rates compared to those with lower MTV (≤ 3.13 cm3) (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Primary tumor MTV is an independent prognostic factor in resectable TSCC. PET volumetric features can be used as prognostic biomarker to predict patients with poor prognosis.

Aim: Nano-filled composite resin materials used for aesthetic purposes have better mechanical, polish ability, and color stability properties compared to other composite resin types. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of 5 different single serve sachet powder drinks popular among adolescents in recent years on the color change of Nano hybrid composite resin material. Material and Method: In this study, Nano hybrid composite resin (Filtek Z550) and five different types of sachet drinks (cherry flavored powdered drink [Cherry-dp], instant sachet Turkish coffee [IS-Turkish-c], instant sachet filter coffee [IS-Filter-c], instant tea [I-tea], 3-in-1 granulated coffee [3-in-1 Granulated-c] and distilled water [DW]) were used. A total of 42 2×10 mm disc-shaped samples were prepared. The prepared samples were kept in DW in an oven at 37°C for 24 hours and the initial color measurements were made with a spectrophotometer (Vita Easy Shade Advance 4.0., Germany). The samples were divided into 6 groups (n=7) to be kept in 5 colorant solutions and DW (control group). Composite samples were kept in an oven at 37°C and the solutions were changed once a week. Color change was measured before and after 1, 7, and 28 days of immersion. Shapiro Wilk test was used to check whether the data conformed to normal distribution. The variables were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test (p0.05). Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study showed that the Nano hybrid composite material is sensitive to discoloration by long-term use of IS-Turkish-c, IS-Filter-c, and I-tea. It was thought that Nano hybrid composite should not be preferred especially in young people with high coffee and tea consumption or necessary warnings should be given if it is to be used.

Aim The doppler-based renal resistive index is a recently proposed technique for measuring changes in renal perfusion and predicting acute kidney damage. The purpose of this study was to look at the influence of stone density on the renal resistive index (RI) after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in patients with non-obstructed kidney stones. Material and Method Between May 2020 and July 2021, 48 consecutive patients with unilateral renal calculi of  20 mm were treated with ESWL monotherapy. The patients' non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) images were processed and grouped into two groups using Hounsfield units (HU) (Group 1, n=27,  1000 HU; Group 2, n=21,  1000 HU). The same radiologist performed Doppler ultrasonography on all cases before, one hour, and one week following ESWL. Measurement of the RI taken in the remote region (at least 20 mm from the stones). Patient age, gender, BMI, stone laterality, stone size, and stone position were investigated as potential predictors. Results The average stone size for Group 1 was 11.7 ± 3.3 mm and 12.1 ± 2.8 mm for Group 2. The mean RI values before ESWL for Group 1 and Group 2 were 0.54 and 0.53, respectively. On comparing the pre-treatment data with the 1 hour after SWL, a statistically significant increase was recorded in the RI value for both groups. However, there was no significant difference in RI values between groups 1 and 2 1 hour and 1 week following lithotripsy therapy. After one week, the mean RI returned to pretreatment levels, according to a follow-up doppler investigation. There was no association between stone density and RI (p > 0.05). Conclusion Stone density is a significant independent predictor of ESWL outcome; however, high stone densities detected with NCCT were not associated with a significant change in RI. Post-ESWL therapy alterations are present and reversible one week after the treatment.

Aim: Serum micronutrient levels play an important role in liver metabolism. This study examines risk factors and diagnostic methods for patients on follow-up due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD and the control groups were compared for clinical findings, serum ferritin, B12, and vitamin D levels, and their relationship with NAFLD was examined. Material and Method: Included in the study were 60 NAFLD patients and 66 other children that formed the control group. The two groups were compared in serum lipid profile, aminotransferase, insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR. Ultrasonography (USG) and Shear wave elastography (SWE) were performed on all patients. Both groups were then analyzed in terms of serum ferritin, B12, and vitamin D levels. Results: NAFLD and control groups were compared in terms of USG and SWE results. 35% (n=21)of the patients in the NAFLD group had grade 1, 55% (n=33) had grade 2 and 10% (n=6) had grade 3 adiposity. HOMA-IR and insulin levels were higher in the NAFLD group (p=0.02; p=0.001). While the serum ferritin level of the patients in the NAFLD group was higher than the control group (p=0.001); the B12 level was lower (p=0.006). In terms of vitamin D, there was no difference (p=0.368). Conclusion: It is essential to identify risk factors in children on follow-up due to NAFLD. USG and liver function tests remain the first option in the diagnosis and screening of NAFLD in children. Serum ferritin, B12, and vitamin D levels of children on follow-up due to NAFLD should be analyzed in consideration of liver fattening.

Introduction: Pediatric forensic cases have an important share in pediatric emergency service admissions. These require immediate treatment as they can lead to pediatric morbidity and mortality. In this study, a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients admitted to the emergency department due to acute forensic events was performed, and it was aimed to contribute to the data collected in Turkey by evaluating the results along with the results of other studies. Material and Method: All pediatric forensic cases admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Service of the ……..Research and Training Hospital between November 2016 and January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The demographic characteristics, forensic events, intoxication agents, hospitalization statuses and clinical follow-ups of the cases were recorded. Results: Among the 819 pediatric forensic cases admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Service, 393 (48%) were male, and 426 (52%) were female. The cases were aged between 0 and 18, with a mean age of 7.75±6.87 years. The majority of the patients were in the 0-2 age group (n=349, 42.6%). Case admissions were more frequent in winter months (n= 240; 29.3%), and most admissions were made in December (n=92; 11.2%). The days of the week with the highest frequencies of admissions were Wednesday (n=138, 16.8%) and Monday (n=134, 16.3%). The hours of the day with the highest frequencies of admissions were between 18:00 and 24:00 (n=309; 37.72%). Drug intoxication (47.13%) was found to be the most frequently encountered reason for the admission of the cases. While 69.47% (n=569) of the cases were treated as outpatients, 29.42% (n=241) were treated as inpatients, and the mortality rate in the sample was 0.6%. Conclusion: Most causes of pediatric forensic events are preventable. Therefore, a safe environment should be provided by taking effective protective measures, and strategies that include education in which families and children will actively participate should be developed.

Aim: Baseline evaluation of stroke patients is valuable to manage the treatment plan. As in the case of stroke evaluation and rehabilitation, in every aspect of healthcare, tele-medicine is growing gradually. The aim of this descriptive study was to explore whether initial tele-assessment of chronic stroke patients is similar to face-to-face assessment in terms of clinical scales. Material and Method: Thirty-four chronic stroke patients (mean post-stroke duration 21.44±15.47 months; stroke etiology, 58.8% ischemic; hemiplegic side, 52.9% left; mean age 49.24±12.51; 22 males; 12 females) were included in this trial. Firstly, all the patients were evaluated online, and then at the same day they were evaluated face-to-face by the clinical scales including chair stand test, Berg balance scale, Stroke specific quality of life scale, Motricity index. Results: The findings of the present study revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between tele-assessment and face-to-face assessment for all the scales (p>0.05) except chair stand test (mean time to stand: 9.41 secs vs 8.94 secs in tele-assessment and face-to-face respectively; p

Aim: Determining the relationship between clinical and pathological features in endometrial cancer is essential for both prognostic and potential therapeutic benefits. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between pelvic and paraaortic lymph node (PLN and PALN) metastasis and prognostic factors in patients with endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and Method: Medical records of patients who underwent primary surgery for EC in our gynecological oncology center between the 2016 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The relationship between pelvic and paraaortic lymph node metastasis was evaluated with data such as patient age, body mass index, serum CA 125 level, macroscopic tumor diameter, and patients’ risk groups. Results: Fifty-seven patients with EC were evaluated. Lymph node involvement was detected in 10 patients (17.5%). Acording to Modiffied Mayo criterias ; the patients with grade 3 EC had a higher risk of metastasis compared to other grades (p=0.025). Patients with lymph node metastases had a greater depth of invasion (p=0.001). There was no relationship between tumor size and lymph node metastasis (p=0.494). In the logistic regression analysis, the depth of invasion was found to be an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis. There was no significant relationship between the presence of PLN and PALN metastases in patients with high-risk endometrial cancer, but the presence of PALN metastasis was significant in patients with low-risk endometrial cancer with PLN metastasis (p=0.002). Conclusion: These findings support the idea that routine evaluation of tumor invasion depth during endometrial cancer surgery may be useful in predicting lymph node metastasis and guiding the operation.

Aim: Embryonic anogenital length depends on fetal sex and testosterone. Children of women with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who became pregnant may have different anogenital lengths due to hyperandrogenemia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the anogenital lengths of male and female newborns of women with and without a history of PCOS.Material and Method: The study was designed prospectively. Pregnant women with PCOS and control group who gave birth at term (≥37-42 weeks) between March 2019 and March 2020 in University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were included in this study.Results: A total of 119 patients, including 21 mothers with PCOS and female newborns, 35 mothers with female newborns in the control group, 21 mothers with PCOS and male newborns and 42 mothers with male newborns in the control group, were included in this prospective study. Anogenital distance-anus fourchette (AGD-AF) measurement was significantly higher in the female newborns from mother with PCOS than in the female newborns from control group (18.1±2.5 vs. 14.1±1.6, p=0.046). Also, AGD-AF was 20.3±3.5 in the PCOS with hirsutism group and 15.2±1.5 in the PCOS without hirsutism group, and the difference between them was statistically significant (p=0.041).Conclusion: The anogenital distance may change in female newborns in the presence of maternal PCOS. Considering that AGD reflects fetal testosterone exposure, the findings may reflect increased testosterone exposure in female fetuses of pregnant women with PCOS. The results pave the way for new studies.

Aim: It is aimed to contribute to the literature with the broad support of participants actively working in the field during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. This study was conducted to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the perceived stress levels and psychological resilience of healthcare professionals.Material and Method: A total of 856 healthcare professionals, actively working in the COVID-19 pandemic process across Turkey, participated in the research. The data in the study were collected using the “11 Demographic Questions”, the “Four-Item Perceived Stress Scale”, developed by Cohen and friends, and the “Six-Item Brief Resilience Scale”, developed by Smith and friends to measure psychological resilience levels. The statistical analysis of the study was performed by using SPSS 23. The data, which were not normally distributed, were compared using the Mann Whitney U test and the Kruskal Wallis test. Correlation between the variables was examined via Spearman’s correlation analysis and the data, which were not normally distributed, were presented as median.Results: It was found that the mean score of the perceived stress scale was 12.7±2.9 and the mean score of psychological resilience was 17.8±4.9. It was determined that there was a moderately negative significant correlation between perceived stress and psychological resilience (r:-0.542 p

Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the marginal fit of crowns manufactured using different CAD/CAM materials on 2 different types of finish line design. Material and method: Tooth preparations were made by creating 2 different finish lines (rounded shoulder, chamfer) on an acrylic mandibular second premolar model. Impressions were taken on each preparation using polyvinylsiloxane impression material, and blocks with three different compositions including lithium disilicate (LDS), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS), and monolithic zirconia (MZ) (UP.CAD, Celtra Duo, and VITA YZ HT) were produced using a CAD/CAM (computer-aided-design and computer-aided-manufacturing) milling device (VHF R5) (n=10). The marginal gap values of the crown restorations were measured by the same operator using a stereomicroscope (LEICA DVM6). Histogram plots and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to test the normality of the distributions of the variables. The non-normally distributed (nonparametric) variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test for two groups and the Kruskal-Wallis test for more than two groups. Results: The marginal gap values were compared between finish line designs separately for each material. Accordingly, the marginal gap values of the rounded shoulder finish line were smaller than those of the chamfer finish line in all materials. The marginal gap values were also compared among the materials separately for each finish line type. Accordingly, the marginal gap values of the VITA YZ HT material were smaller than those of the Celtra Duo (ZLS) and UP.CAD (LDS) materials for both finish line designs. There was no significant difference between Celtra Duo and UP.CAD. Conclusion: The finish line design is a factor that affects marginal fit. Monolithic zirconia is more appropriate for clinical use as it shows a better marginal fit compared to LDS and ZLS.

Aim: This research was conducted to determine the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up processes of pregnant women diagnosed with Covid-19 and their approaches to the disease.Material and Methods: The retrospective descriptive study was conducted with 68 pregnant women who were followed up due to Covid-19 in a district of Istanbul. The data were collected through an assessment form and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.Results: It was determined that pregnant women were mostly infected in the second and third trimesters, were diagnosed by tomography and swab tests and experienced the most common symptoms of weakness and cough. Pregnant women were isolated at home for more than 15 days, and almost half did not receive medical treatment. They stated that they felt fear and helplessness most frequently. Half of the pregnant women stated that they went to pregnancy follow-ups less often and preferred cesarean delivery, while nearly half of them reported that they disrupted their pregnancy-related procedures. Most of the pregnant women stated that they plan to breastfeed their babies.Conclusion: It has been determined that pregnant women infected with Covid-19 could not benefit from the routine monitoring and practices of pregnancy during this period, needed mental support, and moved away from the idea of normal birth. It is recommended that nurses start alternative methods such as online monitoring for pregnancy follow-up and counseling services., Amaç: Bu araştırma Covid-19 tanısı almış gebelerin tanı, tedavi, izlem süreçleri ve gebelerin hastalığa yaklaşımlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışma, İstanbul’un bir ilçesinde Covid-19 nedeniyle izlenen 68 gebe üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veriler ‘‘Covid-19 ile Enfekte Olmuş Gebeleri Değerlendirme Formu’’ ile toplanarak, tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: Gebelerin çoğunlukla ikinci ve üçüncü trimesterde enfekte oldukları, tomografi ve sürüntü testi ile tanı aldıkları, en sık halsizlik, öksürük semptomları yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Gebeler 15 günden daha uzun süre evlerinde izole olup, yarıya yakını tıbbi tedavi almamıştır. En sık korku ve çaresizlik hissettiklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Gebelerin yarısı gebelik izlemlerine daha az gittiklerini, sezaryen doğumu tercih ettiklerini belirtirken yarıya yakını gebelikle ilgili işlemlerini aksattıklarını belirtmiştir. Gebelerin çoğunluğu bebeklerini emzirmeyi planladıklarını ifade etmiştir.Sonuç: Covid-19’la enfekte olan gebelerin bu süreçte gebeliğin rutin izlem ve uygulamalarından yararlanamadıkları, ruhsal desteğe ihtiyaç duydukları ve normal doğum fikrinden uzaklaştıkları saptanmıştır. Gebelik izlemleri ve danışmanlık için hemşirelerin online izlem gibi alternatif uygulamaları başlatmaları önerilir.

Aim: The research was carried out to examine the effective factors of the motivation of nursing students during the Covid-19 pandemic.Material and Methods: The descriptive study was conducted with 292 nursing students studying at a nursing faculty in Izmir in the 2020-2021 academic year. A stratified sampling technique was used. The data were obtained with an online questionnaire consisting of the Introductory Information Form and the Motivation’s Resources and Problems Scale. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used in data analysis.Results: 81.3% of the participants were women, and 64.7% were in the 20-22 age group. The mean scores of the scale were determined as intrinsic 39.22±5.96, extrinsic 18.99±2.53, negative 26.26±5.47 and total motivation 84.43±9.48. It has been determined that the professional motivation of the students differs according to the variables of the place where most of their time is spent during the pandemic process, the desire to work in the profession after graduation, the thinking that society's perspective on the profession has changed during the pandemic process, and the future perception of the profession.Conclusion: In the study, the motivation level of the students was determined similarly to the literature. It has been determined that those who do not want to work as a nurse after graduation, those who think negatively about the future of the profession, those who think that there is no change in the image of nursing in the eyes of society during the pandemic period, and those who spend the pandemic period mostly away from their families, have lower professional motivation than the other groups in these variables., Amaç: Araştırma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin pandemi döneminde, güdülenmelerini ve güdülenme düzeylerini etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma 2020-2021 akademik yılında, İzmir’de bir hemşirelik fakültesinde eğitimini sürdüren 292 öğrenciyle yürütülmüştür. Tabakalı örnekleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veriler Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Güdülenme Kaynakları ve Sorunları Ölçeği’nden oluşan online anket formu ile elde edilmiştir. Veri analizinde Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Katılımcıların %81.3’ü kadın, %64.7’si 20-22 yaş grubundadır. GKSÖ puan ortalamaları içsel 39.22±5.96, dışsal 18.99±2.53, olumsuz 26.26±5.47 ve toplam güdülenme 84.43±9.48 olarak belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin mesleki güdülenmesinin pandemi sürecinde vaktinin çoğunun geçtiği yer, mezuniyet sonrası meslekte çalışma isteği, pandemi sürecinde toplumun mesleğe bakış açısının değiştiğini düşünme, mesleğin gelecek algısı değişkenlerine göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Araştırmada öğrencilerin güdülenme düzeyi literatürle benzer ortalamada belirlenmiştir. Mezuniyet sonrasında hemşirelik yapmak istemeyenlerin, mesleğin geleceği hakkında olumsuz düşünenlerin, pandemi döneminde toplum gözünde hemşirelik imajında değişim olmadığını düşünenlerin ve pandemi dönemini çoğunlukla ailesinden uzakta geçirenlerin bu değişkenlerdeki diğer gruplara göre mesleki güdülenmesinin daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Objective: Hemoglobin disorders are one of the most common hereditary diseases in the world. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hemoglobin variants detected by hemoglobin electrophoresis for a three years period in a tertiary care center.Materials and Methods: Hemoglobin variant analysis results of 4804 different variants for a three years period were evaluated retrospectively. Hemoglobin variant analysis was performed by capillary electrophoresis method on Minicap Flex Piercing analyzer (Sebia, Lisses, France). Results: One thousand and six (20.94%) of hemoglobin variants were detected in the study. The number of the patients with thalassemia trait was 1028 (21.39%) and the number of the patients with Beta thalassemia major was 44 (0.91%). In the study, the most common hemoglobin variant was found to be HbF (45.72%). The other hemoglobin variants in decreasing order were HbD, HbS, HbE, HbC and HbH.Conclusion: The place where the study was conducted is not the region where hemoglobinopathy is most commonly known in our country. However, the outcomes of the study indicated different results than expected. It should be noted that the frequency of hemoglobinopathy and the regions where it is seen frequently may change due to the migration wave that occurs due to reasons such as sociocultural, economic and war conditions., Giriş ve Amaç: Hemoglobin bozuklukları dünyada en sık görülen kalıtsal hastalıklardan biridir. Bu çalışmada üçüncü basamak bir sağlık kuruluşunda üç yıllık süre boyunca hemoglobin elektroforezi ile saptanan hemoglobin varyantlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üç yıllık dönem için 4804 farklı Hemoglobin varyant analizi sonuçları geriye dönük olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hemoglobin varyant analizi, Minicap Flex Piercing analiz cihazında (Sebia, Lisses, Fransa) kapiler elektroforez yöntemiyle çalışılmıştır.Bulgular: Çalışmada 1006 tane (%20.94) hemoglobin varyantı tespit edilmiştir. Talasemi taşıyıcısı hasta sayısı 1028 (%21.39), Beta talasemi majör hasta sayısı 44 (%0.91) olarak bulunmuştur. En yaygın hemoglobin varyantı HbF (%45.72), diğer hemoglobin varyantları ise azalan sırayla HbD, HbS, HbE, HbC ve HbH olarak kaydedilmiştir.Sonuç: Çalışmanın yapıldığı yer ülkemizde hemoglobinopatinin en sık görüldüğü bölgelerden değildir. Ancak, çalışma beklenenden farklı sonuçlar göstermiştir. Sosyokültürel, ekonomik ve savaş koşulları gibi nedenlerle oluşan göç dalgası nedeniyle hemoglobinopati sıklığı ve sık görüldüğü bölgelerin değişebileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.

Amaç: Covid-19 pandemisi tüm dünyada eğitim alanını etkilemiştir. Bu süreçte tıp eğitimine önce ara verilmiş, ardından eğitim yüz yüze platformdan çevrimiçi alana taşınmıştır. Bu çalışma ile eğitimlerinin bir bölümü Covid-19 pandemisine denk gelen ve pandemi devam etmekteyken mezun olan hekimlerin temel tıbbi uygulamalara ilişkin öz yeterlik algılarının, pandeminin eğitime etkisi hakkındaki görüşlerinin ve kariyer tercihlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma, 01.07.2021-22.07.2021 tarihleri arasında Atatürk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi'nde gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma öncesinde gerekli izinler alındı. Araştırmaya 151 yeni mezun hekim katıldı. Veriler, çevrimiçi bir anket aracılığıyla anonim olarak toplandı. Ankete katılım gönüllülük esasına göre sağlandı. Katılımcılara pandeminin eğitime etkisi, kariyer planları ve temel tıp uygulamalarına ilişkin öz yeterlik algıları soruldu. Veriler SPSS 25 istatistik paket programında analiz edildi. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler ortalama ve standart sapma, kategorik değişkenler sayı ve yüzde olarak sunuldu.Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan hekimlerin %19,9’u yurtdışında çalışmak istediğini, %74,2’si Türkiye’de uzmanlık eğitimi almak istediğini belirtmiştir. Yeni mezun hekimlerin %32,5’i Covid-19 döneminde eğitimlerinin eksik kaldığını düşünmektedir. Hekimlerin kendilerini en çok yetkin gördüğü klinik uygulamalar idrar sondası takabilme (%96), glukometre ile kan şekeri ölçümü yapabilme ve değerlendirebilme (%96), oksijen ve nebul‐inhaler tedavisi uygulayabilme (%94), yüzeyel sütür atabilme ve alabilme (%92,1), kan basıncı ölçümü yapabilme (%92,1) becerileridir. Hekimlerin %43,7’si epizyotomi açabilme ve dikebilme, %33,8’i normal spontan doğum yaptırabilme, %20,5’i doğum sonrası anne bakımını yapabilme, %20,5’i kene çıkartabilme işlemlerini yapamayacağını belirtmiştir. Epizyotomi açabilme ve dikebilme, doğum sonrası anne bakımını yapabilme, adli rapor hazırlayabilme, ölüm belgesi düzenleyebilme, gebe muayenesi, jinekolojik muayene ve adli muayeneyi rahatlıkla yapabileceğini ifade edenlerin oranı %10’un altındadır. Normal spontan doğumu rahatlıkla yaptırabileceğini belirten olmamıştır. Çalışmaya katılan hekimlerin %19,9’u yurtdışında çalışmak istediğini, %74,2’si Türkiye’de uzmanlık eğitimi almak istediğini belirtmiştir. Yeni mezun hekimlerin %32,5’i Covid-19 döneminde eğitimlerinin eksik kaldığını düşünmektedir. Hekimlerin kendilerini en çok yetkin gördüğü klinik uygulamalar idrar sondası takabilme (%96), glukometre ile kan şekeri ölçümü yapabilme ve değerlendirebilme (%96), oksijen ve nebul‐inhaler tedavisi uygulayabilme (%94), yüzeyel sütür atabilme ve alabilme (%92,1), kan basıncı ölçümü yapabilme (%92,1) becerileridir. Hekimlerin %43,7’si epizyotomi açabilme ve dikebilme, %33,8’i normal spontan doğum yaptırabilme, %20,5’i doğum sonrası anne bakımını yapabilme, %20,5’i kene çıkartabilme işlemlerini yapamayacağını belirtmiştir. Epizyotomi açabilme ve dikebilme, doğum sonrası anne bakımını yapabilme, adli rapor hazırlayabilme, ölüm belgesi düzenleyebilme, gebe muayenesi, jinekolojik muayene ve adli muayeneyi rahatlıkla yapabileceğini ifade edenlerin oranı %10’un altındadır. Normal spontan doğumu rahatlıkla yaptırabileceğini belirten olmamıştır.Sonuç: Yeni mezun hekimlerin temel hekimlik uygulamalarına ilişkin öz yeterlik algıları bazı uygulamalar için oldukça düşük seviyededir. Eğitim programının değerlendirilmesi, bu uygulamaları kapsayacak ve öz yeterlik algılarını arttıracak şekilde geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir., Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the education field worldwide. During this process, medical education was first interrupted, and then the education shifted from face-to-face to online platforms. This study aimed to determine the self-efficacy perceptions on basic medical practices, opinions on the effects of the pandemic on education, and the career choices of newly graduated doctors who continued their education and graduated during the pandemic.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between 01.07.2021-22.07.2021 at Ataturk University, School of Medicine. Necessary permissions were obtained prior to the study. One hundred and fifty -onenewly graduated doctors participated in the study. The data were collected anonymously using an online survey. Participation in the survey was voluntary. Questions on the effects of the pandemic on education, career plans and self-efficacy perceptions on basic medical practices were posed to the participants. Data were analyzed with the SPSS 25 statistical package program. Descriptive statistics were presented as mean and standard deviation, and categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages.Results: 19.9% of the doctors participating in the study stated that they wanted to work abroad and 74.2% stated that they wanted to receive specialty training in Turkey. 32.5% of newly graduated doctors believed that their education was disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The clinical applications that the doctors considered themselves the most competent were inserting a urinary catheter (96%), measuring and evaluating blood glucose with a glucometer (96%), applying oxygen and nebulous‐inhaler therapy (94%), performing and removing superficial sutures (92.1%), and measuring blood pressure (92.1%). Of the doctors, 43.7% stated that they could not perform episiotomy and suturing, 33.8% spontaneous vaginal delivery, 20.5% post-natal mother care, and 20.5% tick removal procedures. The rate of those who stated that they could perform episiotomy and stitching, provide postpartum maternal care, prepare a forensic report, issue a death certificate, perform a pregnancy examination, gynecological examination and forensic examination easily was less than 10%. No one stated that they could easily perform spontaneous vaginal delivery.Conclusions: The self-efficacy perceptions of newly graduated doctors on basic medical practices were found to be quite low for some applications. The education program should be evaluated and developed to include these practices and increase self-efficacy perceptions.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; Sürekli Eylem Süreci Yaklaşımı (SESY) modelinden geliştirilen Fiziksel Aktivite Envanterinin Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması yapılarak geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin test edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Fiziksel aktivite envanterinin Türkçeye uyarlanmasında Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün önerdiği ölçeklerin adaptasyon ve çeviri süreci prosedürü izlendi. Bu prosedür çerçevesinde envanter çeviri-geri çeviri yöntemiyle Türkçeye çevrilmiştir. Envanterin Türkçeye uyarlanmasında yapı geçerliliğini incelemek için açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılmıştır. Güvenilirlik birleşik güvenirlik (CR) değeri ile belirlenmiş, ayrıca yakınsak ve ayırt edici geçerlik irdelenmiştir. Bulgular: Açımlayıcı faktör analizinde motivasyonel fazdaki “algılanan risk ölçeği” hariç özgün envanterde olduğu gibi tüm ölçeklerin tek boyutlu bir yapıda olduğu görülmüştür. Motivasyonel fazdaki “algılanan risk ölçeği” dışındaki tüm ölçeklerin CR değerleri oldukça yüksektir. Motivasyonel ve gönüllü fazı oluşturan ölçeklerin ayırt edici ve yakınsak geçerliğe sahip oldukları değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu araştırmanın bulgularına göre fiziksel aktivite envanterinin geçerli ve güvenilir sonuçlara sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Türkiye’de şizofreni hastalarında bu model çerçevesinde fiziksel aktivite davranışının belirleyicilerini ortaya koymaya yönelik yapılacak çalışmalarda bu envanterin kullanılabileceği söylenebilir., Objective: In this study, it was aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Physical Activity Inventory, which was developed from the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model. Method: In adapting the physical activity inventory to Turkish, the adaptation and translation process procedure of the scales recommended by the World Health Organization was followed. Within the framework of this procedure, the inventory was translated into Turkish using the translation-back translation method. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity of the inventory in Turkish adaptation. Explanatory factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity in adapting the inventory to Turkish. Reliability was evaluated with internal consistency tests. Reliability was determined by the combined reliability (CR) value, and convergent and discriminant validity were also examined. Results: In the exploratory factor analysis, it was observed that all scales had a one-dimensional structure, as in the original inventory, except for the "perceived risk scale" in the motivational phase. Except for the “perceived risk scale” in the motivational phase, the CR values of all scales are quite high. It was evaluated that the scales constituting the motivational and voluntary phases had discriminative and convergent validity. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it was determined that the physical activity inventory had valid and reliable results. It can be said that this inventory can be used in studies to reveal the determinants of physical activity behavior within the framework of the HAPA model in schizophrenia patients in Turkey

AmaçBu çalışmada amaç Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Üroloji Anabilim Dalı’nda 2010-2020 yılları arasında tanı alan ve/veya tedavi edilen ürogenital kanser hastalarının yaş, cinsiyet, histopatolojik tipleri ve yıllara göre dağılımının değerlendirilmesidir. YöntemMersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Üroloji Anabilim Dalı’na Ocak 2010-Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve cerrahi müdahale sonucunda alınan doku örneklerinin patoloji raporu malignite lehine yorumlanan hastaların kayıtları incelenmiştir. Söz konusu bu retrospektif veriler hastanemiz Patoloji Anabilim Dalı tarafından hazırlanmış olan ve hastanemiz bilgi veritabanında muhafaza edilen raporlardan elde edilmiştir. Çoklu raporlara sahip hastaların mükerrer kayıtları elenmiştir. Nüks veya progresyon gösteren hastaların ya da birden çok opere edilen hastaların verilerinden en kapsamlı olanları seçilmiştir. Bulgular2010-2020 yılların arasında anabilim dalımızca opere edilen 4852 hastadan operasyon sonucundan alınan örnekler Patoloji Anabilim Dalında çalışılmış olup sadece malignite lehine yorumlanan 2000 hastaya ait veri çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucu; hastanemizde tüm ürogenital kanserler arasında prostat, mesane, böbrek ve testis kanseri hastalarının sayısı Türkiye ortalamasının üzerinde bulunurken; adrenal bez, üreter ve penis kanserli hastaların sayısı Türkiye ortalamasının altında bulunmuş olup, tüm bu farklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. SonuçBu çalışma ile Çukurova bölgesinde hizmet vermekte olan hastanemizde tanı alan hastaların analizlerinin, hem literatüre hem de bölgemizde yapılan sağlık planlamalarına katkı sağlayabileceği kanaatindeyiz., AimThis study aims to evaluate the distribution of urogenital cancer patients diagnosed and/or treated between 2010-2020 in Mersin University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Urology, according to age, gender, histopathological types, and years.MethodThe records of patients who applied to the Urology Department of Mersin University Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2010 and June 2020 and whose tissue samples were taken as a result of surgical intervention, whose pathology report was interpreted in favor of malignancy, were examined. These retrospective data were obtained from the reports prepared by the Pathology Department of our hospital and kept in the information database of our hospital. Duplicate records of patients with multiple reports were eliminated. The most comprehensive data were selected from patients with relapse or progression or from patients who had multiple operations.ResultsThe samples taken from the results of the operation from 4852 patients who were operated on between 2010 and 2020 by our department were studied in the Department of Pathology, and only the data of 2000 patients who were interpreted in favor of malignancy were included in the study. As a result of the analysis of the obtained data; While the number of prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancer patients among all urogenital cancers in our hospital are above the Turkey average; The number of patients with adrenal gland, ureter, and penile cancer was found below the Turkey average, and all these differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionWe believe that the analyzes of the patients diagnosed in our hospital, which is serving in the Çukurova region, can contribute to both the literature and the health plans made in our region.

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory tract viruses in hospitalized and followed-up patients in our hospital before the COVID-19 pandemic.Material and Methods: The records of 193 patients aged over 18 years, who admitted to our hospital with respiratory tract infection findings between January 2017 and December 2019, were retrospectively analyzed.Results: In the nasopharyngeal swab samples taken from the patients, influenza A/B virus (n=143, 74.1%) was the most common viral pathogen, respiratory syncytial virus was the second most common (n=22, 11.4%) and coronavirus was the third most common (n=9, 4.7%) was detected. When their seasonal distributions were examined, it was observed that viral agents were most frequently detected in winter months. The most common symptoms at admission to hospital were sore throat, myalgia, headache, and fatigue. There was no significant difference between the lengths of hospitalization for viral agents (p=0.056), and the need for intensive care was found to be more frequent in non-influenza agents (p, Amaç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisi öncesi hastanemizde yatırılarak takip edilen hastalarda solunum yolu virüslerinin klinik ve epidemiyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada Ocak 2017-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında hastanemize solunum yolu enfeksiyonu bulguları ile başvuran, 18 yaş üzerindeki 193 hastanın kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi.Bulgular: Hastalardan alınan nazofarengeal sürüntü örneklerinde viral patojenlerden en sık influenza A/B virüs (n=143, %74.1), ikinci sıklıkta respiratuvar sinsisyal virüs (n=22, %11.4) ve üçüncü sıklıkta koronavirüs (n=9, %4.7) saptandı. Mevsimsel dağılımları incelendiğinde viral etkenlerin en sık kış aylarında saptandığı gözlendi. Hastaların hastaneye başvuru belirtileri arasında en sık gözlenenler boğaz ağrısı, miyalji, baş ağrısı ve halsizlik idi. Viral etkenler arasında servis yatış süreleri açısından anlamlı fark saptanmayıp (p=0.056), yoğun bakım gereksiniminin influenza dışı etkenlerde daha sık (p

Amaç: Bu araştırma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve yeme tutumlarının ortoreksiya nevrozaya etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırmanın evrenini KSÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören tüm öğrenciler oluşturdu. Örneklemi ise araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 164 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veriler Google form aracılığıyla tanıtıcı anket formu, yeme tutumu ölçeği ve orto-15 ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %58.5’inin düzenli yemek alışkanlığının olduğu, %70.7’sinin öğün atladığı, yeme tutumu ölçek puanı ortalamasının 37.98 ±3.46, Orto-15 ölçeği puan ortalamasının ise 37.97±3.45 olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin beden kitle indeksinin normal aralıkta olduğu ancak yeme davranış bozukluğu riskinin yüksek olduğu, ortoreksiya nevrozaya yatkınlıklarının da normal olduğu belirlendi., Aim: This research was carried out to determine the effects of socio-demographic characteristics and eating attitudes of nursing students on orthorexia nervosa. Method: The universe of the descriptive study consisted of all students studying at the Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences at KSU. The sample consisted of 164 students who agreed to participate in the research. Data were collected via Google form using an introductory questionnaire, eating attitude scale and ortho-15 scale. Results: It was determined that 58.5% of the students participating in the study had regular eating habits, 70.7% of them skipped meals, the average of the eating attitude scale score was 37.98 ±3.46, and the average of the Ortho-15 scale score was 37.97±3.45. Conclusion: It was determined that the body mass index of the students was in the normal range, but the risk of eating behavior disorder was high and their susceptibility to orthorexia nervosa was normal.

Aim: The Mediterranean diet, which is considered one of the healthiest diet models, and emotional appetite control are thought to facilitate diabetes management. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, emotional appetite, and metabolic control parameters in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Subjects and Method: The study was conducted with 101 volunteer T2DM patients aged 19-64 years who were diagnosed at least one year ago. In addition to a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, health status, anthropometric measurements and disease-related biochemical parameters, Mediterranean Diet Compliance Scale, Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EMAQ), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire were administered to the patients. p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant for statistical tests. Results: The haemoglobin a1c (HbA1c) which is an indicator of metabolic control, fasting blood glucose and body mass index (BMI) levels of the patients with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet were found to be significantly lower than incompatible groups (p, Amaç: Sağlıklı diyet modellerinden biri olarak kabul edilen Akdeniz diyetinin ve duygusal iştah kontrolünün diyabet yönetimini kolaylaştıracağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, tip 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hastalarında Akdeniz diyetine uyum, duygusal iştah ve metabolik kontrol parametreleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Örneklem ve Yöntem: Çalışma en az bir yıl önce tanı alan 19-64 yaş arası gönüllü 101 T2DM hastası ile yürütülmüştür. Hastalara demografik özellikler, sağlık durumları, antropometrik ölçümler ve hastalık ile ilişkili biyokimyasal parametreleri kapsayan bir anket formuna ek olarak Akdeniz Diyeti Uyum Ölçeği, Duygusal İştah Anketi (DİA) ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p

Prematürelerde görülen respiratuvar distres sendromunda surfaktanın klinik kullanıma girmesi ile birlikte prematüre bebeklerdeki yaşam oranı dramatik olarak artmıştır. Surfaktanın akciğerlere iletiminde kullanılan yöntemler zaman içerisinde daha az invaziv ve hatta invaziv olmayan yöntemlere doğru evrilmeye başlamıştır. Surfaktanın ince kateter ile uygulanması, bir larengeal veya suproglottik havayolu cihazı kullanılarak, farengeal uygulama ile ve aerosolize şekilde verilmesi gibi yeni yöntem çalışmaları giderek artmaktadır. Böylece, immatür akciğerin klasik olarak kabul edilen entübasyon, pozitif basınçlı ventilasyon ve mekanik ventilasyonun zararlı etkilerinden korunması hedeflenmiştir. İnce kateter ile surfaktan uygulanması metodu ile yapılan çok sayıda çalışma ve meta-analizin sonuçları entübasyon, surfaktan uygulanması ve pozitif basınçlı ventilasyon metotları ile karşılaştırıldığında mekanik ventilasyon ihtiyacı ve süresi, bronkopulmoner displazi insidansı ve neonatal mortalite oranlarında azalmaya neden olduğu gösterilmiştir. Ancak çalışmalarda premedikasyon yönetimi ve solunum desteği türü, uygulanan surfaktan türü gibi birçok konuda heterojenite mevcuttur. Supraglottik hava yolu cihazı, farengeal uygulama ve aerosolizasyon uygulamaları özellikle laringoskopinin dezavantajlarını ortadan kaldırması ve daha da az invaziv olmaları, daha az tecrübe ve yetenek gerektirmeleri nedenleri ile ince kateter ile surfaktan uygulanması yönteminden avantajlı olsalar da henüz rutin klinik kullanıma girmeleri için daha fazla veriye ihtiyaç vardır., The survival rate of premature infants has increased dramatically, after the beginning of surfactant use in newborn clinics for premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. The surfactant delivery methods to the lungs have started to evolve into less invasive and even non-invasive methods over the time. Studies on new methods such as thin catheter surfactant administration, laryngeal or supraglottic airway device, pharyngeal instillation, and aerosolized techniques are increasing. The purpose of the less invasive or noninvasive methods is the protection of immature lungs from harmful effects of intubation, positive pressure ventilation and invasive mechanical ventilation. It has been reported in many studies and meta-analysis that TCA methods were related to lower need of mechanical ventilation, shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, and lower incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death, compared to intubation, surfactant, and positive pressure ventilation methods. However, there are heterogeneities in premedication policies and respiratory support type, and the type of surfactant applied in the studies. Laryngeal or supraglottic airway device, pharyngeal instillation, and aerosolized techniques have advantages over thin catheter, because they eliminate the disadvantages of laryngoscopy, they are less invasive than thin catheter and they require minimal experience and skills, but more data are needed for routine clinical use of these new methods.