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2. Do innovation support services meet the needs of agri-food SMEs in cross-border regions? A case study from the Euregio Rhine-Waal.

Author

Neuberger, S., Knickel, M., Klerkx, L., Saatkamp, H., Darr, D., and Oude Lansink, A.

Subjects
REGIONAL development, SMALL business, BROKERS, CONTENT analysis, STAKEHOLDER analysis
Abstract

Purpose: Innovations in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are essential for increasing resource efficiency and sustainability in the agri-food system. An innovation support service (ISS) can benefit SMEs but the provision and access to it can be restricted across national borders thereby hindering cross-border regions' economic potential. The aim was to investigate how ISSs are provided and used in such a region and explore stakeholders' perceptions on their limitations and opportunities. Methodology: We conducted a case study in the Dutch-German cross-border region Euregio Rhine-Waal which included a content analysis of websites and stakeholder interviews. Findings: The provision of ISSs was limited by differing structures and priorities in both countries. SMEs' unfamiliarity with responsible authorities, significant administrative effort, and uncertainty about pay-offs were perceived as factors limiting ISS. Practical implications: We provide recommendations on how to improve ISS in cross-border regions and inform policymaking for cross-border regional development. We recommend reducing limitations of ISS provision and use, e.g. by engaging ISS providers and users in a co-creative approach. Furthermore, we suggest using opportunities of ISS provision and use, e.g. through increased promotion of available ISS by brokers. Theoretical implications: Our research contributes to the literature of extension and advisory systems by showing how differing institutional settings, combined with different 'innovation cultures' and the availability of cross-border brokers affect cross-border integration of ISS. Originality: This is the first study to explore the limitations and potentials of ISSs in a cross-border region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Development of sustainable business models for insect-fed poultry production: opportunities and risks

Author

Saatkamp, H. W., Aartsma, Y., Hogeveen, H., Augustijn, M., Baumann, A., Beukeboom, L. W., Borghuis, A., Bovenkerk, B., van der Bruggen, M., Companjen, M. H., Dörper, A., Salles, J. Falcão, van der Fels-Klerx, H. J., Fischer, A. R.H., Haenen, O., Hosseini, A., van den Hurk, J., Jacobs, P., Jansen, W. L., de Jong, M., Kortsmit, Y., Leipertz, M., Lommers, H., van Loon, J. J.A., van Loon, M. S., Maistrou, S., Niermans, K., Schmitt, E., Shah, P. N., Spaans, A., Veldkamp, T., Verweij, M. F., Vogel, M., Kokota, A. Voulgari, Wertheim, B., Dicke, M., Saatkamp, H. W., Aartsma, Y., Hogeveen, H., Augustijn, M., Baumann, A., Beukeboom, L. W., Borghuis, A., Bovenkerk, B., van der Bruggen, M., Companjen, M. H., Dörper, A., Salles, J. Falcão, van der Fels-Klerx, H. J., Fischer, A. R.H., Haenen, O., Hosseini, A., van den Hurk, J., Jacobs, P., Jansen, W. L., de Jong, M., Kortsmit, Y., Leipertz, M., Lommers, H., van Loon, J. J.A., van Loon, M. S., Maistrou, S., Niermans, K., Schmitt, E., Shah, P. N., Spaans, A., Veldkamp, T., Verweij, M. F., Vogel, M., Kokota, A. Voulgari, Wertheim, B., and Dicke, M.

Abstract

During the last decade the potential of insects for human nutritional protein is increasingly recognised. Direct consumption of insects contributes to a reduction of the ecological footprint of human food production and is claimed to have health benefits. An alternative is feeding poultry (broilers and layers) with insect-derived protein. This offers several additional advantages, e.g. a more extensive use of (new sources) of organic by-products of food industry for insect production. Implementation of a People-Planet-Profit (PPP) sustainable way of utilising these opportunities requires the development of sustainable business models. Such business models need to be based on the opportunities of insect-derived protein in feeding poultry but should also include the risks associated with insect-derived protein for feeding poultry. This article explores the insect-fed poultry production value chain through an interdisciplinary approach. First, the essential features of this value chain are described. Then, an inventory and classification is made of the main opportunities and risks of this value chain. Finally, the opportunity-risk trade-offs are discussed, as well as their implications for developing sustainable business models. We conclude that for PPPsustainable business models, management of the asymmetric trade-offs between opportunities and risks related to possible contamination of organic by-products used as substrate for insect production should receive prime attention. Implications for organising the value chain are discussed.

Published
2022

5. Development of sustainable business models for insect-fed poultry production: opportunities and risks

Author

Dep Gezondheidszorg Landbouwhuisdieren, LS Ethiek, Economisch en Europees strafrecht, Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtspleging en conflictoplossing, Empirical Legal Research (ELS), Afd methoden en statistieken, Sub Condensed Matter and Interfaces, CS_Locomotion, LS Wijsgerige Ethiek, OFR - Ethics Institute, OFR - non-affiliated publications, Saatkamp, H. W., Aartsma, Y., Hogeveen, H., Augustijn, M., Baumann, A., Beukeboom, L. W., Borghuis, A., Bovenkerk, B., van der Bruggen, M., Companjen, M. H., Dörper, A., Salles, J. Falcão, van der Fels-Klerx, H. J., Fischer, A. R.H., Haenen, O., Hosseini, A., van den Hurk, J., Jacobs, P., Jansen, W. L., de Jong, M., Kortsmit, Y., Leipertz, M., Lommers, H., van Loon, J. J.A., van Loon, M. S., Maistrou, S., Niermans, K., Schmitt, E., Shah, P. N., Spaans, A., Veldkamp, T., Verweij, M. F., Vogel, M., Kokota, A. Voulgari, Wertheim, B., Dicke, M., Dep Gezondheidszorg Landbouwhuisdieren, LS Ethiek, Economisch en Europees strafrecht, Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtspleging en conflictoplossing, Empirical Legal Research (ELS), Afd methoden en statistieken, Sub Condensed Matter and Interfaces, CS_Locomotion, LS Wijsgerige Ethiek, OFR - Ethics Institute, OFR - non-affiliated publications, Saatkamp, H. W., Aartsma, Y., Hogeveen, H., Augustijn, M., Baumann, A., Beukeboom, L. W., Borghuis, A., Bovenkerk, B., van der Bruggen, M., Companjen, M. H., Dörper, A., Salles, J. Falcão, van der Fels-Klerx, H. J., Fischer, A. R.H., Haenen, O., Hosseini, A., van den Hurk, J., Jacobs, P., Jansen, W. L., de Jong, M., Kortsmit, Y., Leipertz, M., Lommers, H., van Loon, J. J.A., van Loon, M. S., Maistrou, S., Niermans, K., Schmitt, E., Shah, P. N., Spaans, A., Veldkamp, T., Verweij, M. F., Vogel, M., Kokota, A. Voulgari, Wertheim, B., and Dicke, M.

Published
2022

10. Assigning Defined Daily/Course Doses for Antimicrobials in Turkeys to Enable a Cross-Country Quantification and Comparison of Antimicrobial Use

Author

Joosten, Philip, Sarrazin, Steven, Chauvin, Claire, Moyano, Gabriel, Wadepohl, Katharina, Gompel, Liese Van, Wagenaar, Jaap A., Dewulf, Jeroen, Battisti, A., Caprioli, A., Aarestrup, F., Hald, T., Duarte, S., Wasyl, D., Krasucka, D., Biernacki, B., Szumilo, J., Daskalov, H., Saatkamp, H., Stärk, K., Sanders, P., David, J., Gonzalez-Zorn, B., Blaha, T., Brandt, M., Graveland, H., Schmitt, H., Luiken, R.E.C., Heederik, D.J.J., Mevius, D., van Essen, A., dIRAS RA-I&I I&I, Klinische infectiologie en microb. lab., and dI&I I&I-4

Subjects
Florfenicol, Veterinary medicine, PHARMACOKINETICS, Epidemiology, WASS, Antimicrobial resistance, Biochemistry, 0403 veterinary science, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all), chemistry.chemical_compound, turkeys, Pharmacology (medical), General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, FLORFENICOL, Avicultura, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Incidence (epidemiology), Bacteriologie, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Bacteriology, Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics, Antimicrobial, Antimicrobial quantification, 3. Good health, Antimicrobial use, Infectious Diseases, Microbiology (medical), Turkeys, Farmacología veterinaria, Bioinformatica & Diermodellen, 040301 veterinary sciences, Bedrijfseconomie, RM1-950, Biology, Microbiology, treatment incidence, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Business Economics, Bio-informatics & Animal models, Epidemiology, Bio-informatics & Animal models, Veterinary Sciences, antimicrobial resistance, Pharmacology, Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics, Epidemiologie, Treatment incidence, 030306 microbiology, Broiler, Bacteriology, antimicrobial use, Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek, quantification, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all), Defined daily dose, chemistry, Epidemiologie, Bioinformatica & Diermodellen, Bacteriologie, Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek, antimicrobial, POULTRY, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Flock, RESISTANCE
Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens our public health and is mainly driven by antimicrobial usage (AMU). For this reason the World Health Organization calls for detailed monitoring of AMU over all animal sectors involved. Therefore, we aimed to quantify AMU on turkey farms. First, turkey-specific Defined Daily Dose (DDDturkey) was determined. These were compared to the broiler alternative from the European Surveillance of Veterinary Antimicrobial Consumption (DDDvet), that mention DDDvet as a proxy for other poultry species. DDDturkey ranged from being 81.5% smaller to 48.5% larger compared to its DDDvet alternative for broilers. Second, antimicrobial treatments were registered on 60 turkey farms divided over France, Germany and Spain between 2014 and 2016 (20 flocks per country). Afterwards, AMU was quantified using treatment incidence (TI) per 100 days. TI expresses the percentage of the rearing period that the turkeys were treated with a standard dose of antimicrobials. Minimum, median and maximum TI at flock level and based on DDDturkey = 0.0, 10.0 and 65.7, respectively. Yet, a huge variation in amounts of antimicrobials used at flock level was observed, both within and between countries. Seven farms (12%) did not use any antimicrobials. Aminopenicillins, polymyxins, and fluoroquinolones were responsible for 72.2% of total AMU. The proportion of treating farms peaked on week five of the production cycle (41.7%), and 79.4% of the total AMU was administered in the first half of production. To conclude, not all DDDvet values for broilers can be applied to turkeys. Additionally, the results of AMU show potential for reducing and improving AMU on turkey farms, especially concerning the usage of critically important antimicrobials.

Published
2021

15. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of antimicrobial usage patterns in 180 selected farrow-to-finish pig farms from nine European countries based on single batch and purchase data

Author

Sarrazin, Steven, Joosten, Philip, van Gompel, Liese, Wagenaar, Jaap, Graveland, H, Heederik, Dick, Schmitt, H, Luiken, Roosmarijn, Gompel, L Van, Mevius, Dik, van Essen, A, Gonzalez-Zorn, B, Moyano, G, Sanders, Pascal, Chauvin, C., David, J, Battisti, A, Caprioli, A, Dewulf, Jeroen, Blaha, T, Wadepohl, K, Brandt, M, Aarestrup, F, Hald, T., Duarte, S., Wasyl, D, Krasucka, D, Biernacki, B, Szumiło, J, Daskalov, H, Saatkamp, H, Stärk, K, One Health Microbieel, dIRAS RA-I&I I&I, LS Klinisch Onderzoek Wagenaar, Dep IRAS, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, dI&I I&I-4, Environmental and Occupational Health Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Laboratoire de Fougères - ANSES, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 613754,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,EFFORT(2013), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, pig, antibiotic resistance, analysis, Swine, Epidemiology, animal diseases, analyse, veterinary drug, antimicrobiens, antibiotiques, Toxicology, 0302 clinical medicine, Anti-Infective Agents, antibiotic, porcs, Pharmacology (medical), Veterinary drug, Public Health Surveillance, 030212 general & internal medicine, résistance, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Qualitative Research, 2. Zero hunger, Swine Diseases, Incidence (epidemiology), Antimicrobial, Europe, Infectious Diseases, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), médicament vétérinaire, Farms, Bioinformatica & Diermodellen, 030106 microbiology, Coronacrisis-Taverne, Drug Prescriptions, 03 medical and health sciences, Qualitative analysis, Bio-informatics & Animal models, Enrofloxacin, medicine, Life Science, Animals, Epidemiology, Bio-informatics & Animal models, antimicrobial resistance, Pig farms, Pharmacology, Epidemiologie, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, business.industry, antimicrobial use, Group treatment, Young age, cochons, Epidemiologie, Bioinformatica & Diermodellen, business
Abstract

Objectives: Farm-level quantification of antimicrobial usage (AMU) in pig farms. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, AMU data on group treatments administered to a single batch of fattening pigs from birth to slaughter (group treatment data) and antimicrobials purchased during 1 year (purchase data) were collected at 180 pig farms in nine European countries. AMU was quantified using treatment incidence (TI) based on defined (DDDvet) and used (UDDvet) daily doses and defined (DCDvet) and used (UCDvet) course doses. Results: The majority of antimicrobial group treatments were administered to weaners (69.5% of total TIDDDvet) followed by sucklers (22.5% of total TIDDDvet). AMU varied considerably between farms with a median TIDDDvet of 9.2 and 7.1 for a standardized rearing period of 200 days based on group treatment and purchase data, respectively. In general, UDDvet and UCDvet were higher than DDDvet and DCDvet, respectively, suggesting that either the defined doses were set too low or that group treatments were often dosed too high and/or administered for too long. Extended-spectrum penicillins (31.2%) and polymyxins (24.7%) were the active substances most often used in group treatments, with the majority administered through feed or water (82%). Higher AMU at a young age was associated with higher use in older pigs. Conclusions: Collecting farm-level AMU data of good quality is challenging and results differ based on how data are collected (group treatment data versus purchase data) and reported (defined versus used daily and course doses).

Published
2019
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18. Development of a simplified on-farm animal health and welfare benchmarking tool for pig herds

Author

Wadepohl, K., Blaha, T., Van Gompel, L., Duarte, A. S. R., Nielsen, Cecilie Liv, Saatkamp, H., Wagenaar, J. A., Meemken, D., Graveland, H., Schmitt, H., Heederik, D., Luiken, R. E. C., Mevius, D., van Essen, A., Gonzalez-Zorn, B., Moyano, G., Saunders, P., Chauvin, C., David, J., Battisti, A., Caprioli, A., Dewulf, J., Brandt, M., Aarestrup, Frank Møller, Hald, Tine, Wasyl, D., Skarzynska, M., Zajac, M., Daskalov, H., and Staerk, K.

Abstract

Animal health and welfare have become topics of increasing public interest. Especially improvements in the health and welfare of food-producing animals are currently being intensively researched. To be able to routinely assess the quality of health and welfare of individual pig herds for benchmarking purposes in a simple and robust way, a short and easy to use measuring tool is needed. Since the very elaborate assessment tools of the Welfare Quality (R) (WQ) project (FOOD-CT-2004-506508) are too time-consuming for an assessment during a regular veterinary herd visit, easy to record indicators were targetly selected and supplemented by new elements in order to combine a number of measurements in one indicator, using the theoretical concept of iceberg indicators, which are thought to trigger further scrutiny into the management of pig herds that reveal potential deficiencies. The thus created simplified Herd Health and Welfare Index (HHWI) shows a theoretical range of 10 (very good) to a maximum of 30 (very bad) index points. It has been demonstrated that it can be used as an animal welfare measurement tool to compare herds within a group of pig herds that are measured by the same set of criteria. The HHWI has proven to be a rough, semi-quantitative, and a less elaborate tool than, for example, the complete protocol of the WQ-project. All in all, the HHWI has a broader range of application possibilities than the WQ-protocol due to its reduced number of criteria for the assessment of the health and welfare status of pig herds.

Published
2019
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19. Development of a simplified on-farm animal health and welfare benchmarking tool for pig herds

Author

Wadepohl, K, Blaha, T, Van Gompel, L, Duarte, A S R, Nielsen, C L, Saatkamp, H, Wagenaar, J A, Meemken, D, Graveland, H, Schmitt, H, Heederik, D, Luiken, R E C, Mevius, D, van Essen, A, Gonzalez-Zorn, B, Moyano, G, Saunders, P, Chauvin, C, David, J, Battisti, A, Caprioli, A, Dewulf, J, Brandt, M, Aarestrup, F, Hald, T, Wasyl, D, Skarzynska, M, Zajac, M, Daskalov, H, Staerk, K, Grp, EFFORT, dIRAS RA-I&I I&I, One Health Microbieel, dI&I I&I-4, LS Klinisch Onderzoek Wagenaar, Faculteit Diergeneeskunde, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, and Dep IRAS

Subjects
benchmarking of the quality of life of pigs per herd, on-farm assessment of animalwelfare, iceberg indicators fortriggering further improvement actions, Coronacrisis-Taverne, animal health and welfare index (HHWI)
Abstract

Animal health and welfare have become topics of increasing public interest. Especially improvements in the health and welfare of food-producing animals are currently being intensively researched. To be able to routinely assess the quality of health and welfare of individual pig herds for benchmarking purposes in a simple and robust way, a short and easy to use measuring tool is needed. Since the very elaborate assessment tools of the Welfare Quality (R) (WQ) project (FOOD-CT-2004-506508) are too time-consuming for an assessment during a regular veterinary herd visit, easy to record indicators were targetly selected and supplemented by new elements in order to combine a number of measurements in one indicator, using the theoretical concept of iceberg indicators, which are thought to trigger further scrutiny into the management of pig herds that reveal potential deficiencies. The thus created simplified Herd Health and Welfare Index (HHWI) shows a theoretical range of 10 (very good) to a maximum of 30 (very bad) index points. It has been demonstrated that it can be used as an animal welfare measurement tool to compare herds within a group of pig herds that are measured by the same set of criteria. The HHWI has proven to be a rough, semi-quantitative, and a less elaborate tool than, for example, the complete protocol of the WQ-project. All in all, the HHWI has a broader range of application possibilities than the WQ-protocol due to its reduced number of criteria for the assessment of the health and welfare status of pig herds.

Published
2019

20. Development of a simplified on-farm animal health and welfare benchmarking tool for pig herds

Author

dIRAS RA-I&I I&I, One Health Microbieel, dI&I I&I-4, LS Klinisch Onderzoek Wagenaar, Faculteit Diergeneeskunde, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, Dep IRAS, Wadepohl, K, Blaha, T, Van Gompel, L, Duarte, A S R, Nielsen, C L, Saatkamp, H, Wagenaar, J A, Meemken, D, Graveland, H, Schmitt, H, Heederik, D, Luiken, R E C, Mevius, D, van Essen, A, Gonzalez-Zorn, B, Moyano, G, Saunders, P, Chauvin, C, David, J, Battisti, A, Caprioli, A, Dewulf, J, Brandt, M, Aarestrup, F, Hald, T, Wasyl, D, Skarzynska, M, Zajac, M, Daskalov, H, Staerk, K, Grp, EFFORT, dIRAS RA-I&I I&I, One Health Microbieel, dI&I I&I-4, LS Klinisch Onderzoek Wagenaar, Faculteit Diergeneeskunde, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, Dep IRAS, Wadepohl, K, Blaha, T, Van Gompel, L, Duarte, A S R, Nielsen, C L, Saatkamp, H, Wagenaar, J A, Meemken, D, Graveland, H, Schmitt, H, Heederik, D, Luiken, R E C, Mevius, D, van Essen, A, Gonzalez-Zorn, B, Moyano, G, Saunders, P, Chauvin, C, David, J, Battisti, A, Caprioli, A, Dewulf, J, Brandt, M, Aarestrup, F, Hald, T, Wasyl, D, Skarzynska, M, Zajac, M, Daskalov, H, Staerk, K, and Grp, EFFORT

Published
2019

22. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of antimicrobial usage at farm and flock level on 181 broiler farms in nine European countries

Author

Joosten, Philip, Sarrazin, Steven, van Gompel, Liese, Luiken, Roosmarijn, Wagenaar, Jaap, Heederik, Dick, Dewulf, Jeroen, Graveland, H, Schmitt, H, Mevius, Dik, van Essen, A, Gonzalez-Zorn, B, Moyano, G, Sanders, Pascal, Chauvin, Claire, David, J, Battisti, A, Caprioli, A, Blaha, T, Wadepohl, K, Brandt, M, Aarestrup, F, Hald, T., Duarte, S., Wasyl, D, Krasucka, D, Biernacki, B, Szumilo, J, Daskalov, H, Saatkamp, H, Stärk, K, Environmental and Occupational Health Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Laboratoire de Fougères - ANSES, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 613754,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,EFFORT(2013), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, antibiotic resistance, Epidemiology, animal diseases, veterinary drug, antimicrobiens, antibiotiques, antimicrobial usage, Toxicology, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Veterinary drug, Public Health Surveillance, 030212 general & internal medicine, résistance, bacteria, Qualitative Research, health care economics and organizations, agriculture, 2. Zero hunger, bactérie, Incidence (epidemiology), poultry, Antimicrobial, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Europe, Infectious Diseases, farm, Microbiology (medical), médicament vétérinaire, Farms, Bioinformatica & Diermodellen, 030106 microbiology, education, Coronacrisis-Taverne, Biology, broiler, Drug Prescriptions, 03 medical and health sciences, Qualitative analysis, Bio-informatics & Animal models, Life Science, Animals, Epidemiology, Bio-informatics & Animal models, antimicrobial resistance, microbiologie, Poultry Diseases, Pharmacology, Epidemiologie, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, microbiology, Broiler, volaille, Defined daily dose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Epidemiologie, Bioinformatica & Diermodellen, International policy, Flock, Chickens
Abstract

Objectives To control the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance, international policy appeals for appropriate monitoring of antimicrobial usage (AMU) at supranational, species and farm level. The aim of this study was to quantify AMU in broilers at farm and flock level in nine European countries. Methods Antimicrobial treatment data of one flock and purchased antimicrobials over one year were collected at 181 European broiler farms. Afterwards AMU was quantified using treatment incidence (TI) per 100 days based on Defined Daily Dose (DDDvet), Defined Course Dose (DCDvet) or Used Daily Dose (UDDvet) values. Total AMU at flock level was obtained by summing the TIDDDvet of all treatments in the sampled flock (TIDDDvetFl*). Results The median TIDDDvetFl* was 9.0 (95% CI 5.5-10.8), meaning that broilers were treated with antimicrobials during 9% of their rearing period. TIDDDvetFl* varied considerably within and between countries. However, in every country at least one untreated flock was present. Average TIDDDvetFl* at country level ranged from 3.3 to 36.7. Polymyxins, extended-spectrum aminopenicillins and fluoroquinolones were the most used antimicrobials, accounting for 26%, 26% and 18% of total AMU, respectively. Twenty-six percent of the farms started a treatment on day 1 of production, and 49% of overall AMU was administered within the first week. Conclusions Results show that rearing broilers without AMU is feasible. However, a huge variation in AMU in terms of amount, moment of administration and antimicrobial classes was observed. This shows that there is still ground to be covered when it comes to AMU on broiler farms.

Published
2019
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29. A Framework for Categorization of the Economic Impacts of Outbreaks of Highly Contagious Livestock Diseases.

Author

Saatkamp, H. W., Mourits, M. C. M., and Howe, K. S.

Subjects
*LIVESTOCK diseases, *PREVENTIVE medicine, *STAKEHOLDERS, *DIRECT costing, *COST estimates, *ECONOMIC impact
Abstract

A framework for categorization of economic impacts of outbreaks of highly contagious livestock diseases ( HCLD) is presented. This framework interprets veterinary measures to control HCLD outbreaks with reference to economic definitions of costs and benefits, and the implications for value losses both for different stakeholders affected and society as a whole. Four cost categories are identified, that is virus control-related direct costs ( DC), spread prevention and zoning-related direct consequential costs ( DCC), market and price disruption-related costs during (indirect consequential costs, ICC) and after the outbreak (aftermath costs, AC). The framework is used to review existing literature on cost estimation for different stakeholders. This review shows considerable differences between studies, making comparison of results difficult and susceptible to misunderstanding. It is concluded that the framework provides a logical basis for all future analyses of the economic impacts of HCLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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37. Willingness of Dutch broiler and pig farmers to convert to production systems with improved welfare.

Author

Gocsik, É., van der Lans, I. A., Lansink, A. G. J. M. Oude, and Saatkamp, H. W.

Subjects
ANIMAL welfare, SWINE, DOMESTIC animals, CONTINGENT valuation, FARM research
Abstract

The article discusses a study which investigated 15 broiler and 13 fattening pig farmers' willingness-to-convert to alternative production systems with higher animal welfare standards compared to conventional production systems in The Netherlands. Topics include the main barriers to the adoption of the alternative systems and the reasons for farmers' reluctance to switch to alternative systems, such as perceived uncertainty about price premiums and lack of space on the farm.

Published
2015
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45. The relation between technical farm performance and antimicrobial use of broiler farms.

Author

Roskam, J. L., Oude Lansink, A. G. J. M., and Saatkamp, H. W.

Subjects
*POULTRY farms, *FARMS, *DATA envelopment analysis
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to explore the relation between both farm performance and antimicrobial use (AMU) of broiler farms. Farm performance was expressed as technical efficiency, obtained by using a bootstrap data envelopment analysis. AMU was expressed as treatment incidence. Cluster analysis is used to obtain groups of farms with similar characteristics regarding technical farm performance and AMU. Results indicate that the farms within the different clusters combine different technical farm performance and different levels of AMU. Between the clusters, significant differences were found in technical farm performance, AMU, the resource intensity of the number of animals at set-up, the number of antimicrobial treatments, the number of antimicrobial treatments related to either gut health or combined problems, and the number of antimicrobial treatments with either yellow or orange active substances. Farmers who combine high levels of AMU with high technical farm performance are likely to overestimate the real economic value of AMU. Proper coordination between the farmer and the veterinarian can be crucial in that case for reducing AMU. Farms with low performance are likely to have poor farm conditions. Improving those farm conditions can help reducing the need for AMU on this kind of farms. The farm-specific conditions have to be considered in future policies aimed at reducing AMU in livestock production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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46. The technical and economic impact of veterinary interventions aimed at reducing antimicrobial use on broiler farms.

Author

Roskam, J L, Lansink, A G J M Oude, and Saatkamp, H W

Subjects
*ECONOMIC impact, *DRUG resistance in microorganisms, *FARMS, *POULTRY farms, *SENSITIVITY analysis, *PRICE sensitivity, *AGRICULTURAL accidents, *ANIMAL health
Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat for both human and animal health. One of the main drivers of antimicrobial resistance is inappropriate antimicrobial use in livestock production. The aim of this study was to examine the technical and economic impact of tailor-made interventions, aimed at reducing antimicrobial use in broiler production. Historical (i.e. before intervention) and observational (i.e. after intervention) data were collected at 20 broiler farms. Results indicate that average daily gain and mortality generally increased after intervention, whereas feed conversion and antimicrobial use decreased. Economic performance after interventions was generally higher than before the interventions. Sensitivity analyses on price changes confirm the robustness of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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50. Mid-term financial impact of animal welfare improvements in Dutch broiler production.

Author

Gocsik, É., Oude Lansink, A. G. J. M., and Saatkamp, H. W.

Subjects
*ANIMAL welfare, *CHICKENS, *BROILER chickens, *CHICKEN breeders, *POULTRY, *ANIMAL social behavior, *ECONOMICS
Abstract

This study used a stochastic bioeconomic simulation model to simulate the business and finan-cial risk of different broiler production systems over a 5-yr period. Simulation analysis was conducted using the @Risk add-in in MS Excel. To compare the impact of different production systems on economic feasibil-ity, 2 cases were considered. The first case focused on the economic feasibility of a completely new system, whereas the second examined economic feasibilities when a farm switches from a conventional to an ani-mal welfare-improving production system. A sensitiv-ity analysis was conducted to assess the key drivers of economic feasibility and to reveal systematic differences across production systems. The study shows that eco-nomic feasibility of systems with improved animal wel-fare predominantly depends on the price that farmers receive. Moreover, the study demonstrates the impor-tance of the level and variation of the price premium for improved welfare, particularly in the first 5 yr after conversion. The economic feasibility of the production system increases with the level of welfare improvements for a sufficiently high price level for broiler meat and low volatility in producer prices. If this is not the case, however, risk attitudes of farmers become important as well as the use of potential risk management instru-ments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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