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The incidence of pediatric cardiac arrest is unknown; its main etiologies are congenital heart diseases, cardiomyopathies, and ventricular arrhythmias. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic method that may allow to detect them in an early manner and reduce morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to describe pediatric residents' skills to determine if an ECG was normal or abnormal and make an accurate electrocardiographic diagnosis before and after an educational intervention. First-year pediatric residents participated in this study. An assessment including 12 ECG tracings was done before and after an educational module, and scores were compared using the t-test for paired data. No differences were observed between both assessments regarding the interpretation of ECG as normal or abnormal (p: 0.42). However, a statistically significant difference was observed in definitive diagnoses (p < 0.002). Definitive electrocardiographic diagnoses improved after the implementation of an educational module., Competing Interests: None, (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Idiopathic dilatation of the right atrium is a rare condition. The real incidence of the disease is difficult to estimate since most patients are asymptomatic, although a wide spectrum of symptoms have been reported in children and adults. In the literature, prenatal diagnosis has been reported in few cases. We report a case of prenatally diagnosed right atrial dilation with a 3 years and 8 months follow up. The patient is on acetylsalicylic acid since birth and remained asymptomatic without any atrial thrombosis. We performed regular transthoracic echocardiograms during follow up, however was a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging the method for achieving diagnostic confirmation. The aim of this case report is to describe a rare, potentially serious disease and how prenatal diagnosis allows anticipated actions such as monitoring for cardiac arrhythmia detection and early starting of primary thrombosis prophylaxis., Competing Interests: None, (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Introduction: Advances in diagnostic methods, surgical techniques and postoperative intensive care have significantly increased the survival rates for children with congenital heart disease. In this context, long term sequelae acquired greater relevance. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a concept that helps to measure the impact of chronic diseases. The purpose of the current study was to describe HRQOL in children with congenital heart disease that undergo cardiac surgery during their first year of life., Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between August 2017 and December 2018 at a University General Hospital. PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales were used. Children with congenital heart disease between 2 and 4 years old who had cardiac surgery during their first year of life and healthy children were included. Scores were compared with T-test or Wilcoxon according to the observed distribution. p value < 0.05 was considered significant., Results: A total of 31 children with congenital heart disease (26 % with a single ventricle) and 62 healthy children were enrolled. The first surgery was in the neonatal period in 61.3 %. Our study showed no statistical differences (p = 0.10) between HRQOL Total Scale Score of children with congenital heart disease compared to healthy children. However, lower scores were observed with statistically significant differences in social (p = 0.0092) and school (p = 0.0001) scales., Conclusions: Our cohort of children diagnosed with congenital heart disease has a global quality of life comparable with healthy children except in social and school functioning scales., Competing Interests: None, (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

The anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ARCAPA) is a rare entity that has an incidence of 0.002 % and can potentially cause sudden death. Unlike to the anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA), usually presented with myocardial ischemia and heart failure; the diagnosis of ARCAPA is often incidental during evaluation of a heart murmur. We report a case of a 6 months old female patient referred to us with a cardiac murmur and a suspicion of coronary fistula. For a proper diagnostic assessment an echocardiogram, a computed tomography angiography and a cardiac catheterization were requested. A small ostium secundum-type atrial septal defect (ASD) and an ARCAPA were revealed. At 11 months old, the patient was scheduled for corrective cardiovascular surgery. The aim of this report is to describe a low incidence and potentially fatal disease., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Scurvy is a very uncommon entity in pediatric population. Some case reports have been published in infants fed with boiled milk, in patients with iron overload secondary to hematological diseases and in children with food restrictions secondary to neurodevelopmental disorders. We report a case of a 4-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, which developed scurvy secondary to a long-term selective eating habit without fruit or vegetable intake. The objective of this case report is to announce the pediatrician and other professionals dedicated to primary health care about scurvy as a potential consequence of restrictive diets in children with autism spectrum disorders as well as the importance of dietary history in sick patients to prevent associated micronutrient deficiencies., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)