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The reservoir characterization of Lower Qamchuqa (Shu'aiba) Formation (Aptian) is studied at the well BH-86 of Bai- Hassan Oilfield in Kirkuk area, Northern Iraq. The lithological study (of 91 thin sections) revealed that the formation consists of shaly limestone, a thin bed of marl within the limestone, and dolomitic limestone. Four petrographic microfacies were noticed Lime mudstone microfacies, Dolomudstone microfacies, Lime wackestone microfacies, subdivided into benthonic foraminifera lime wackestone submicrofacies and bioclasts lime wackestone submicrofacies, and the last microfacies is the Lime packstone microfacies, which is subdivided into pelloidal lime packstone submicrofacies and Orbitolina lime packstone microfacies. Shale content is calculated from the gamma-ry log, showing that the formation is mainly of low shale content (less than 35%). The porosity determined from sonic, density, and neutron logs reflect that the range between

Everyday living becomes more convenient and joyful as a result of technological advancements. The advancements in telecommunications and networking have changed throughout several decades. The first generation of mobile wireless communication was the 1G (the earliest form of voice-only network), which was followed by 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. The 5G network is expected to provide higher connection speeds than earlier networks, being more dependable, faster response time and more capacity. In this paper, we provide an overview of the standards, data rates, capacity, primary service, challenges, and features provided by each generation, as well as how advances have been achieved from one generation to the next. Also, the paper highlights the new emerging technology, 5G, its architecture, features, and applications.

In water–DMF at DMF content less than 2.6 mol dm−3, deuteroporphyrin IX dimethyl ester forms both H- and J-aggregates. The J-aggregates are detected as a single type of associated species after binding of the porphyrin with BSA on the surface of the protein IB subdomain.

The possibility of obtaining graphite-like structures from chitosan by microwave processing was studied. A comparative analysis of the products of pyrolysis and microwave treatment of chitosan was carried out.

Organo-inorganic film materials based on polystyrene were obtained. The films are characterized by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Thermal behavior was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that, with increasing concentration of the modifying additive, the glass transition temperature of the composite increases.

The enthalpies of dissolution, ΔsolHm∞, and solvation, ΔsolvHm∞, of ether oligomers CH3O(CH2CH2O)nCH3 (n = 1–4) in ethyl acetate, pyridine, N,N-dimethylformamide, and acetonitrile have been determi...