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Respiratory physical therapy has its role in prevention and treatment of postoperative pulmonary complications. Postoperative complications are usually presented with restrictive form, reduced inspiratory capacity, vital capacity and functional residual capacity. Patients ability to clear his airway of sputum is reduced due to anesthesia and reduced cough strength. The goal of preoperative care is to reduce the risk of noninfectious and infectious pulmonary complications. Most common complications are atelectasis, pneumonia and reduced mobility. Implementation of preoperative physiotherapy is not a routine but has been found very useful for the patients. For example, in elderly patients and the ones with COPD there is decrease in postoperative pulmonary morbidity. Patients with COPD have a tendency of increased bronchial secretion and may require pulmonary hygiene before the operation. Preoperative care can vary just from practical education about postoperative airway clearence techniques to learning about detailed intensive pulmonary hygiene. Wound pain and pain from drainage location can be severe for a few days and can lead to abnormal breathing patterns. Decreased functional residual capacity causes atelectasis. Patients cannot cough normally and because of it they have the tendency of accumulate secretion which leads to an infection and arterial hypoxemia. Good postoperative control of pain can improve efficiency of physical therapy. TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) can be used in patients with persistent shoulder pain after thoracic incision. Antalgic, supportive positions and interventions are used during respiratory therapy and therapeutic exercises and also reduce pain. The goals of physiotherapy are: education of the patient (preventive consultation and coaching), increasing lung volume, sputum elimination, maintaining range of motion of the upper extremities and early mobilization/verticalization.

Autism group disorders are complex neurorevatory disorders characterized by a deficiency in the development of communication and social skills and the presence of repetitive and restrictive behavioral patterns. Aim: Examining the Self Assessment of Sessional Students and Early-Career Preschool Students, as well as determinong students' opinions on their readiness to work with ASD children, i.e. the competences they acquire during a three-year study. Materials and participans: The survey was conducted from April to May 2018 via an online questionnaire. The survey included 220 respondents (nursing students, early school and preschool teachers). Results: The self-assessment of the ASD's familiarity with the subjectes ranges from 40.9% to 57.7%, but is lower for subjects of the nursing population in all examined variables. The proportion of competent students declined with the years of study (40.3%> 31.9%> 26.6%), and the same was lower for nurses compared to early and pre-school respondents (15%

E-textbooks also known as electronic or digital books are defined in the literature as the digital content which is developed for teaching and learning purposes and which can be read from various types of electronic devices. They should be lower cost and user-friendly. The purpose of this literature review was to determine the frequency of use of e-textbooks in elementary and secondary schools and at universities, in European Union (EU), United States (USA) and in the rest of the world. Motivation for this research was the implementation of a computer-based teaching program, including e-textbooks, that is in progress in Croatian schools. The literature review was conducted by researching the database ProQuest Central for published content for the last ten years. The search strategy was based on keywords: e-book, e-textbook, students, school, adoption and the use of include and exclude filters to eliminate unwanted hits. The results are sorted by three major categories: EU, USA and the rest of the world and subcategories elementary and secondary schools, and universities. The research was carried out in December 2018. This research included 138 studies about e-textbooks. Most of them were conducted in the USA with university students and in the UK also with university students. Less research was conducted in secondary and primary schools, in all three major categories. More research is carried out with university students probably because researchers work at the universities where research is more common.

EU PROJECT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM GERONTO HOUSEWIVES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BEDNJA- EXAMPLE OF EXPERIENCE A big problem of the elderly population in rural areas is poor traffic connectivity, distance of health and social services, trade distance. Certainly a big problem is life in your own home without a partner and without children, which leads to feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Most often, elderly people themselves take care of their own condition and health and know when they need health or social assistance. It is extremely important to estimate the moment when assistance is needed and to what extent to ensure as long as possible non-institutional care. One of the most important efforts in the local community is to ensure the living conditions in your own home through the help provided by Geronto Housewives. Care involves providing elderly people with food, food supplies, housekeeping assistance, home care, cultural and recreational activities, and legal, educational, religious and social services. In the project implemented by the Municipality of Bednja, 14 geriatricians are involved, who take care of 70 elderly people. The project is funded by European Union funds and is being implemented over two years. The organizational project defines the project leader and the coordinator. The coordinator conducts weekly meetings with Geronto Housewives and manages the quality of work. Every program user has the right to household maintenance during the month, along with physical and psychological assistance