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Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of illness and death globally and its mechanism is still unclear. Different animal models have been created to evaluate the progression of atherosclerosis, allowing researchers to carefully control the circumstances of the experiment as well as the nutrition and environmental risk factors. To investigate the negative effects of various interventions, pathophysiological alterations might be generated utilizing genetic or pharmacological methods. These models' molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms have been clarified through experiments, and they have served as platforms for the creation of new drugs. Different models can be employed to address various research problems, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. In the current review study, various species of atherosclerosis models are discussed, along with the viability of using them in experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relations between India and the United States needs to stabilize because of the Indian unease over the post-11 September policies and strategies of the Bush administration, and the American support for Pakistan. Both the countries should work more strenuously to realize the strategic and moral implications of their desired alliance otherwise it will lead to further distrust.

The question of how best to balance the pursuit of security with the protection of civil liberties has been heavily debated in recent years. This paper challenges the conclusions reached in that debate. It argues that although theorists have identified important subsidiary causes of imbalance, they do not address the structural dilemma posed by state secrecy, which creates an information asymmetry that allows officials to manipulate safeguards meant to secure an appropriate balance. Since this asymmetry cannot be easily resolved, imbalance remains a perennial danger that often can be addressed only retrospectively. Unfortunately, retrospection too can be stymied by the executive's control over state secrets, and it can also be undermined by partisanship, even when the relevant information becomes available. With this in mind, the paper identifies mechanisms to limit the abuse of state secrecy and indicates institutional features that may temper the adverse effects of partisanship.Polity (2009) 41, 166–188. doi:10.1057/pol.2008.27; published online 19 January 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of how best to balance the pursuit of security with the protection of civil liberties has been heavily debated in recent years. This paper challenges the conclusions reached in that debate. It argues that although theorists have identified important subsidiary causes of imbalance, they do not address the structural dilemma posed by state secrecy, which creates an information asymmetry that allows officials to manipulate safeguards meant to secure an appropriate balance. Since this asymmetry cannot be easily resolved, imbalance remains a perennial danger that often can be addressed only retrospectively. Unfortunately, retrospection too can be stymied by the executive's control over state secrets, and it can also be undermined by partisanship, even when the relevant information becomes available. With this in mind, the paper identifies mechanisms to limit the abuse of state secrecy and indicates institutional features that may temper the adverse effects of partisanship.Polity (2009) 41, 166–188. doi:10.1057/pol.2008.27; published online 19 January 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]