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Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with radioactive iodine on the function of gonads in males and females with follicular and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Consenting patients in the reproductive age were grouped according to the cumulative dose of received radioiodine and followed for at least 12 months. For all men, serum levels of FSH, LH, and testosterone were measured; some (53 cases) were also studied by semen analysis. For women, tests for serum levels of LH, FSH, estrogen, and progesterone were performed. Results: Overall, 246 patients (159 females, 87 males) were studied. In 87.4% of men, there was an increase in serum FSH level after radioiodine therapy, in 20.7% of whom the level remained high during follow-up period. The average serum level of FSH after each course of treatment was significantly higher than the level before treatment (p

Thyroid scintigraphy has been helpful in detecting and evaluation of thyroid nodules. Sodium pertechnetate Tc-99m is the most commonly used radionuclide for thyroid imaging because of its general availability, favorable dosimetric characteristics and low cost. But, there are reports of occasional disparity in isotope uptake in lesions compared with radioiodide. In order to determine percentage and clinical significance of this disparity, we screened 101 patients with solitary functioning nodules using sodium pertechnetate TC-99m in comparison with subsequent Iodine-131 scan in research institute for nuclear medicine. We conclude that sodium pertechnetate TC-99m is a reliable radiotracer for the detection and evaluation of thyroid nodules and there is no need for the subsequent Iodine-131 scan.

Objective: Negative diagnostic 131I whole body scans with elevated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels are found in 20% of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Empirical radioiodine treatment has been advocated by some researchers, but has had with controversial outcomes. This anterospective study was performed to examine this dilemma and also to determine the capability of thallium (201TI) scintigraphy in these patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 patients who had a history of DTC and elevated serum Tg levels, together with a negative diagnostic 131I whole body scans (WBS), were included in the study. All patients underwent posttreatment 131I WBS. Patients with negative posttreatment 131I WBS then underwent 201TI scintigraphy. Results: The 21 included patients (9 women and 12 men) had a mean age of 53 ± 14.17 years. The mean pretreatment and posttreatment Tg levels were 227.23 ± 208.50 ng/ml and 163.43 ± 282.57 ng/ml, respectively (p value <0.05). Eleven cases showed at least a 50 % decrease in Tg value (remission group), 6 patients revealed less than a 50 % decrease in Tg value (stable group), while 4 subjects demonstrated an increment in posttreatment Tg relative to pretreatment Tg value (progression group). The cumulative and last 131I doses in the remission, stable, and progression groups were not significantly different (p value >0.05). In the posttreatment 131I WBS, 10 patients showed abnormal findings in their images. In a follow-up scan after 201TI treatment, 7 out of 11 patients had positive scans. Conclusion: The study indicates a positive effect of RAI therapy in DTC patients with elevated Tg and negative 131I WBS. In addition, 201 TI scintigraphy can be useful as an alternative modality to improve tumoral detection in this situation and when access to a PET system is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives:99mTc-MAG3 is a standard radiotracer for renal dynamic functional study. Despite its properties for clinical uses, it has numerous technical limitations. 99mTc-EC is also a tubular radiotracer for renal imaging, which has not been used worldwide. In this study, the use of 99mTc-EC and 99mTc-MAG3 for renal functional study were compared. Methods: Thirty five patients (20 male, 15 female; mean age of 34.63 ± 10.69 years) were entered in the study. About 10 mCi of 99mTc-EC and 99mTc-MAG3 were administered in different days within 7 days intervals, and serial images were obtained for 30 minutes. Serum creatinine and visual scintigraphic findings of all patients, were within normal limits.. Results: In this study, the renal uptake of 99mTe-EC was. significantly higher than 99mTc-MAG3 (6.20% vs. 4.39% of the injected dose), while the hepatic activity of 99mTc-EC was significantly lower (307 vs 439 mean pixel count, p<0.0001). Also the absolute values for some other quantitative parameters such as right and left kidney transit times and ERPF were different for each radiotracer. In spite of these differences most quantitative parameters (except for right kidney transit time, liver uptake and Tmax of both kidneys) showed good correlations for both agents. Conclusion: The calculated ERPF with 99mTc-EC as compared to 99mTc-MAG3 is in closer proximity to the true values, Also the use of 99mTc-EC compared to 99mTc-MAG3 in clinic due to simplicity of preparation, higher stability, higher renal uptake, and lower hepatobiliary activity is better. Therefore the use of 99mTc-EC as an appropriate substitute or ever preferred radiopharmaceutical for 99mTc- MAG3 radiopharmaceutical for renal function studies is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction The diagnostic efficacy of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy labeling with 111 indium in the localization of tumors has been assessed in a limited number of patients with contradictory outcomes. Here, we describe the case of a patient with an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing bronchial carcinoid tumor diagnosed preoperatively using technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy. Case presentation A 29-year-old Asian man presented to our hospital with the typical clinical features of Cushing's syndrome, which he had had for a duration of 18 months. The results of a biochemical evaluation revealed he had adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing's syndrome. The results of a spiral abdominal computed tomography scan showed he had bilateral adrenal hypertrophy. A magnetic resonance image of the patient's brain showed he had a normal hypophysis. Whole body technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy was performed to check for the presence of an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing tumor. The scan results showed a small focal increase in uptake in the lower lobe of our patient's right lung, just above his diaphragm. A spiral chest computed tomography scan also revealed a small non-specific lesion in the same region. A transthoracic biopsy was then performed. Pathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor, of the adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing type. After surgical removal, the patient's symptoms resolved and significant clinical improvement was achieved. Conclusions This case report shows that technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy can effectively detect an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing bronchial carcinoid.