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Image preprocessing is important for noise exclusion in order to improve the accuracy of contour detection and image edge extraction. In this paper, a dual quantum spatial filter is proposed in order to reduce statistical noise, image blurring, impulsive noise, and retained details. Non-Maximum-Suppression and instead of manually operating threshold, adaptive thresholding operation is used in the quantum edge detection algorithm to detect more edge information with sharp edges. The circuit of the algorithm is realized through a series of operatives. We have compared PSNR, SSIM, precision rate, accuracy rate, recall rate, error rate, and computational complexity of the algorithm with operator based some existing classical and quantum edge extraction algorithms. The algorithm has the potential to get improved edge continuity, greater sharpness, and extract edge information having less proportion of noise.

Recently, graphene oxides (GOs), reduced GO (rGO), and their derivatives have been focused on as a superior flexible material due to having easy processability and high carrier mobility. Here, we report an inexpensive green synthesis of GO/rGO at a relatively low temperature of 150 °C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, Fourier transformed IR (FTIR), and UV–visible spectroscopy confirm the successful fabrication of rGO with an enhanced carbon–0carbon (sp2/sp3) component with an enhanced carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) from 0.93 to 2.76. Here, a work function tuning of 5.6–4.5 eV, a bandgap modulation of 3.93–2.63 eV, a charge carrier density tuningfrom $1.12\times10$ 16 to $1.14\times10$ 21 cm−3, and a mobility tuning from $1.51\times10$ −2 to 59.663 cm2/ $\text{V}\cdot \text{s}$ are made through its controlled reduction of GOs, which are much better than the results obtained at high temperature >1000 °C. The flexible nature of both electronic and optical properties of rGO nanostructures assures it as an excellent material for electronics and optoelectronics devices.

In this paper, we have introduced a surface plasmonic two-mode interference (SPTMI) coupler having a silicon core, GaAsInP side cladding, and silver top and bottom cladding as an optical power splitter. A wide range of tunability from the 50∶50 splitting ratio to 1∶99 is achieved by refractive index modulation of the GaAsInP cladding with application of varying optical pulse power. The coupling length of the SPTMI-based splitter is ∼11.5 times less than that of a previously reported optical power splitter based on multimode waveguide holograms. The proposed optical power splitter has potential in development of large-scale integrated circuits due to its compactness and high fabrication tolerance.

AbstractFor the past several years, traffic especially, Internet traffic has been increased tremendously and this growth demands for a high-speed communication network such as optical network. Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) is one of the key tasks for the optical network, due to its information transparency and wavelength reuse characteristics. In this paper, we discuss different conventional RWA approaches in the wavelength-routed optical networks and compare them with our proposed Priority-based RWA (PRWA) scheme under wavelength continuity constraint. The performance analysis of different conventional RWA approaches including our PRWA scheme is conducted in terms of blocking probability. Finally, we address a number of research issues that appear to us to be both important and challenging.