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A 76-year-old man who was taking prednisolone and methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis presented with gastric ulcers. Chest X-ray images showed multiple pulmonary nodules. Transbronchial lung biopsy specimens showed lymphocytic infiltrates but no malignant cells. The radiographic findings gradually ameliorated over a month, but then deteriorated 5 months later. We performed video-assisted thoracoscopic biopsy of the left lung, and the biopsy specimens showed lymphocytic infiltration with necrosis, in which the atypical lymphocytes were positive for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH). A diagnosis of lymphomatoid granulomatosis was determined. One year before this diagnosis, the patient was found to have an inflammatory liver tumor that had disappeared spontaneously within a month. A new pathological review of the liver and stomach lesions demonstrated EBER-ISH-positive lymphocytes, and therefore we assumed that they were pathological features of lymphomatoid granulomatosis. The chest radiographic findings improved gradually after the discontinuation of methotrexate. We therefore suggest that methotrexate treatment may be associated with the development of lymphomatoid granulomatosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Lymphoproliferative disorders, including lymphomatoid granulomatosis, should be considered in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who are receiving methotrexate.

A 67-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a cough and hemoptysis. Chest CT and bronchoscopy demonstrated a polypoid tumor in the truncus intermedius. The pathological diagnosis of the biopsy specimens was glomus tumor, which is an extremely rare tumor of the respiratory tract. We performed a successful bronchoscopic removal of the tumor using a high-frequency-wave snare and microwave coagulation. After one year of follow-up, there was no recurrence. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the 24th report of a tracheobronchial glomus tumor.

An 83-year-old man was found to have multiple pulmonary nodules and ground-glass opacities after a left upper lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer. After bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy, he was put on a regimen of steroids for a tentative diagnosis of organizing pneumonia. Over the course of 3 months, the radiographic findings improved; however, they progressively deteriorated during the steroid tapering period and new skin lesions also appeared. Skin biopsy specimens showed lymphohistiocytic infiltration in which the atypical lymphocytes were positive for EBV encoding small RNAs by in situ hybridization; we therefore diagnosed lymphomatoid granulomatosis. The pulmonary and cutaneous lesions responded to steroid and cyclophosphamide therapy, but the patient died unexpectedly due to a rapid onset of massive pulmonary thromboembolism.

A 75-year-old man with right chest pain was diagnosed with primary lung cancer in the right apical portion, and was treated with chemoradiotherapy because of a synchronous left adrenal tumor of 1.6 cm. Since the adrenal tumor did not increase in size for three months and there were no other relapses, the right upper lobectomy of the lung with the excision of the chest wall was performed. Afterward, an enlargement of the left adrenal tumor was encountered; he was admitted to our hospital for an operation. For the metastatic adrenal tumor from lung cancer, we performed a hand-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy. He recovered rapidly and returned to the previous hospital in two weeks after the operation. After the first report in 1992, the laparoscopic adrenalectomy has been established as the curative operation to adrenal benign tumor. The indication is being expanded to the malignancy because of the improvement of operation techniques and advancement of the operation equipments. We conclude that the laparoscopic adrenalectomy for malignant tumor is a safe, curative, and clinically useful surgical technique.