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Background: Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune bullous disease that frequently affects a large skin surface area, but it can also present in localized areas. It has been hypothesized that bullous pemphigoid affects the systemic functioning of different organs because inflammatory cells and cytokines circulate throughout numerous organs. Results: Recent clinical and experimental studies have revealed an association between bullous pemphigoid and systemic organ disorders. To avoid the emergence of systemic organ diseases, the significance of systemic treatment in cases of severe bullous pemphigoid should be emphasized. Conclusions: Here, we discuss the specific molecular processes underlying typical systemic organ inflammatory diseases associated with bullous pemphigoids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ipragliflozin is a new drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Its action of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 ( SGLT2) inhibition induces glucosuria and decreases blood glucose levels. We report the first case of ipragliflozin-related eczematous drug eruption and a review of the past literature on drug eruptions caused by SGLT2 inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Enzalutamide is an androgen receptor inhibitor. We report a new cutaneous eruption to this drug and review cases of drug eruptions caused by androgen receptor inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pembrolizumab is a PD-1 inhibitor that has improved survival in melanoma patients but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) such as hypothyroidism and uveitis. Although these conditions rarely occur together, we present a case of a 54-year-old female with plantar malignant melanoma who developed hypothyroidism after the second cycle of pembrolizumab and then uveitis after the fifth cycle. Hypothyroidism was treated with levothyroxine, and uveitis was managed with corticosteroids. This case highlights the importance of careful monitoring and multidisciplinary management of these adverse events during immunotherapy., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Sugino et al.)

Non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) is a rare infection that can manifest as pulmonary, disseminated, or cutaneous disease. Cutaneous NTM infections are often associated with immunosuppressive conditions, such as HIV infection or exposure to contaminated water, but they can also occur in healthy individuals, complicating the diagnosis. We report the case of a 54-year-old male with a gradually enlarging skin ulcer on his left upper limb. Initial treatment for sporotrichosis failed, and further testing confirmed  Mycobacterium marinum  infection. The patient had no prior medical history, but due to the persistent nature of the symptoms, HIV testing was performed, revealing advanced HIV infection with a CD4 count of 34 cells/µl. Following appropriate antimicrobial treatment, the ulcer healed, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated, resulting in a significant improvement in immune function. This case highlights the importance of considering underlying immunosuppressive conditions, such as HIV, when diagnosing persistent cutaneous NTM infections. Early detection and prompt treatment of both  M. marinum  and HIV were critical in preventing the progression to disseminated disease, which is often fatal in immunocompromised patients., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Yasuda et al.)

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive blood cancer that often presents with skin lesions and can involve other organs, including the bone marrow. Despite initial responses to treatment, most patients eventually experience disease progression. We report the case of an 82-year-old male with a red chest nodule, later diagnosed with BPDCN and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Dermoscopy revealed reddish-purple dots, and a biopsy confirmed BPDCN. The patient responded to venetoclax and azacitidine but relapsed five months later. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis of BPDCN and the utility of dermoscopy in this tumor, which can contribute to timely treatment and improved patient outcomes., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Tokioka et al.)