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Abstract This study examines the relationship between inflation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in three major economies: the United States of America (USA), the European Union (EU), and China. The analysis spans from 1960 to 2021 for the USA and EU, and from 1971 to 2021 for China. A feedforward neural network model, optimized using the Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation algorithm, was employed to predict GHG emissions based on annual inflation rates and fossil fuel energy consumption. The study integrates historical data on inflation trends with GHG emissions, measured in CO2 equivalents, and fossil fuel energy consumption, expressed as a percentage of total energy use. This multidimensional approach allows for a nuanced understanding of the economic-environmental interplay in these regions. Key findings indicate a nonlinear response of GHG emissions to inflation rates. In the USA, GHG emissions begin to decrease when inflation rates exceed 4.7%. Similarly, in the EU, a steep reduction in emissions is observed beyond a 7.5% inflation rate. China presents a more complex pattern, with two critical inflection points: the first at a 4.5% inflation rate, where GHG emissions start to decline sharply, and the second at a 7% inflation rate, beyond which further increases in inflation do not significantly reduce emissions. A critical global insight is the identification of a uniform inflation rate, around 4.4%, across all regions, at which GHG emissions consistently increase by 1%, hinting at a shared global economic behavior impacting the environment. This discovery is vital for policymakers, emphasizing the need for tailored regional strategies that consider unique economic structures, energy policies, and environmental regulations, alongside a coordinated global approach.

When we talk about futuristic architecture we are talking about a new concept of aesthetics through technological progress. It is not based on old views but has new directions and unclear horizons. The goal is to achieve maximum performance with minimum environmental impact. The use of modern materials has changed the architectural concept to make materials lighter, more efficient and less environmentally friendlyThe emergence and rapid development of nanotechnology led to the discovery of modern materials that influence the architectural concept and change its style. The research highlights nanomaterials that have made a great development in the field of nanotechnology, this material is gold nanoparticles. It is a wonderful material with nanotechnology. When this material is injected into the tree leaves, it produces a good efficient light similar to lighting electric lamps without the use of toxic chemicals such as phosphor powder. Scientists stimulate chlorophyll in leaves to produce a red emission. The idea of ​​using incandescent trees as an alternative to street lighting will save electricity costs and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and this is a new trend towards achieving the principles of sustainability in modern architecture.This research proposes the use of gold nanoparticles to light trees and make it an alternative to street lighting lamps. This idea can be applied to the pedestrian streets of the Green River in the new administrative capital because of its future supportive of the latest methods of modern technology.SEARCH PROBLEM:1- The shortcomings in the use of nanotechnology in Egypt and its failure to apply it in most fields despite its importance.2- The use of toxic chemicals such as phosphorous powder for the manufacture of LED street lighting and its negative impact on the environment3- The consumption of large electrical energy to light the pedestrian paths, we need it.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:1- Supporting the modern architecture system by using light trees that are environmentally friendly and generate light in the corridors and streets for pedestrians.2- Benefiting from modern technologies such as gold nanoparticles to light trees and beautify the corridors in the Green River area.3- produces highly efficient LED-like illumination, but without the use of toxic chemicals such as phosphor powder.

Türkiye’s earthquake zone, primarily located along the North Anatolian Fault, is one of the world’s most seismically active regions, frequently experiencing devastating earthquakes, such as the one in Hatay in 2023. Therefore, reconstructing energy-efficient buildings after major earthquakes enhances disaster resilience and promotes energy efficiency through retrofitting, renovation, or demolition and reconstruction. To this end, this study proposes implementing energy-efficient design solutions in dwelling units to minimize energy consumption in new buildings in Hatay, Southern Turkiye, an area affected by the 2023 earthquake. This research focused on a five-story residential building in the district of Kurtlusarımazı, incorporating small-scale Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) with thin-film photovoltaic (PV) panels, along with the application of a green wall surrounding the building. ANSYS Fluent v.R2 Software was used for a numerical investigation of the small-scale IceWind turbine, and DesignBuilder Software v.6.1.0.006 was employed to simulate the baseline model and three energy-efficient design strategies. The results demonstrated that small-scale VAWTs, PV panels, and the application of a green wall reduced overall energy use by 8.5%, 18%, and 4.1%, respectively. When all strategies were combined, total energy consumption was reduced by up to 28.5%. The results of this study could guide designers in constructing innovative energy-efficient buildings following extensive demolition such as during the 2023 earthquake in Hatay, Türkiye.

Rhizosphere and root-associated bacteria are key components of crop production and sustainable agriculture. However, utilization of these beneficial bacteria is often limited by conventional culture techniques because a majority of soil microorganisms cannot be cultured using standard laboratory media. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to improve culturability and investigate the diversity of the bacterial communities from the wheat rhizosphere microbiome collected from three locations in Egypt with contrasting soil characteristics by using metagenomic analysis and improved culture-based methods. The improved strategies of the culture-dependent approach included replacing the agar in the medium with gellan gums and modifying its preparation by autoclaving the phosphate and gelling agents separately. Compared to the total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) observed from the metagenomic data sets derived from the three analyzed soils, 1.86 to 2.52% of the bacteria were recovered using the modified cultivation strategies, whereas less than 1% were obtained employing the standard cultivation protocols. Twenty-one percent of the cultivable isolates exhibited multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties, including P solubilization activity and siderophore production. From the metagenomic analysis, the most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. Moreover, the relative abundance of the specific bacterial taxa was correlated with the soil characteristics, demonstrating the effect of the soil in modulating the plant rhizosphere microbiome. IMPORTANCE Bacteria colonizing the rhizosphere, a narrow zone of soil surrounding the root system, are known to have beneficial effects in improving the growth and stress tolerance of plants. However, most bacteria in natural environments, especially those in rhizosphere soils, are recalcitrant to cultivation using traditional techniques, and thus their roles in soil health and plant growth remain unexplored. Hence, investigating new culture media and culture conditions to bring "not-yet-cultured" species into cultivation and to identify new functions is still an important task for all microbiologists. To this end, we describe improved cultivation protocols that increase the number and diversity of cultured bacteria from the rhizosphere of wheat plants. Using such approaches will lead to new insights into culturing more beneficial bacteria that live in the plant rhizosphere, in so doing creating greater opportunities not only for field application but also for promoting sustainability.

Objective:Seroma after mastectomy is a bothersome problem. Topical sclerosants are one method used to reduce seroma. The aim of this study was to evaluate if spraying flaps before closure with doxycycline or bleomycin after total mastectomy can prevent seroma.Materials and Methods:After institutional review board approval, using a computer-based randomization program, a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized, superiority study was conducted during the period from the first of August 2017 to the first of August 2018. IRB proposal code was MS/17.08.66 and the trial was approved at 15/8/2017. The trial is available publicly at http://www.eulc.edu.eg/eulc_v5/Libraries/Thesis/BrowseThesisPages.aspx?fn=PublicDrawThesis&BibID=12553049. The primary outcome of the study was to assess the incidence of seroma following total mastectomy after intervention comprising spraying of skin flaps with doxycycline or bleomycin versus placebo. Patients who were candidates for total mastectomy were randomized into control, doxycycline, and bleomycin groups. The postoperative data included length of the hospital stay, pain score among the three groups, post-operative drained fluid volume, post-operative day of drain removal, complication rates including infection, flap necrosis and hematoma, the incidence of seroma and aspirated seroma volume, and total number of postoperative visits.Results:Of 125 patients, 90 were candidates for total mastectomy. Analysis of these 90 showed that the incidence of seroma was similar; 43.4%, 40% and 40% in the control, doxycycline, and bleomycin groups, respectively (p = 0.99). Furthermore, wound complication rates were similar among all groups.Conclusion:Despite improved recognition and management of risk factors, seromas remain a common clinical concern in the postoperative setting of total mastectomy. These results suggest that sclerosant agents, specifically bleomycin and doxycycline, have no utility for prevention of post mastectomy seroma.

The purpose of this research is to formulate a theory of self-transformation based on Avicenna’s psychology. The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis. Self-transformation is the process of changing the soul quality as to produce better changes in perception and behavior. The background of the research includes the weaknesses of the existing self-transformation methods; Avicenna’s psychology directs the soul to perfect the transformation; Avicenna’s psychology does not discuss his self-transformation theory explicitly; Avicenna has a better formulation of self-transformation theory than Aristotle implicitly; and it provides alternative self-transformation method.

Omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) have attracted the attention of researchers because of their influence on circulatory levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Our objective was to review systematically and Meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of omega-3 FAs supplementation on serum BDNF concentration. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched until April 2023. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was utilized to evaluate the quality of the studies. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the overall effect size of BDNF levels, using the Standard Mean Difference (SMD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). The heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using chi-squared and I2 statistics. A total of 12 studies involving 587 subjects were included. The supplementation of PUFA was found to be associated with a significant increase in serum levels of BNDF in the group receiving the supplements, as compared to the placebo group (SMD: 0.72 pg/mL, 95% CI: 0.28, 1.15; P < 0.001) (I2 = 84.39%, P < 0.001). Sub-group analyses revealed similar findings in trials with fewer than 10 weeks, which utilized both animal (fish oil) and herbal (flaxseed) forms of omega-3 supplements with a high daily dosage of 2000mg. The present systematic review and meta-analysis indicate the efficacy of omega-3 FAs in increasing the serum concentration of BDNF. Therefore, omega-3 FAs should be prioritized as agents for increasing BDNF in interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) are characterized by an expected malignancy ranging from 5% to 30%, with most patients undergoing a diagnostic, rather than therapeutic, operation. The aim of our study was to compare the approach to ITNs across different regions of the world. In this retrospective, multicentric, international study, according to the WHO classification, we identified the South East Asian Region (SEAR), the Americas Region (AMR), the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), the Europe Region (EUR), and the Western Pacific Region (WPR). One high-volume thyroid centre was included for each region. Demographic, preoperative, and pathologic data were compared among the different regions. Overall, 5737 patients from five high-volume thyroid centres were included in this study. We found that the proportion of ITNs over the global activity for thyroid disease was higher in the EUR (37.6%) than in the other regions (21.1–23.6%). In the EMR, the patients were significantly younger (with a mean of 43.1 years) than in the other regions (range, 48.8–57.4 years). The proportion of lobectomy was significantly higher in the WPR, where 83.2% (114/137) of patients received this treatment, than in the other regions, where lobectomies were performed in 44.1–58.1% of patients. The pathological diagnosis of malignancy was significantly higher in the SEAR centre, being over 60%, than in centres of the other regions, where it ranged from 26.3% to 41.3%. The occurrence of lymph node metastases was higher in the WPR (27.8%), AMR (26.9%), and EMR (20%) centres than in the EUR and SEAR centres, where it was lower than 10%. In summary, we found in our study different approaches and outcomes in the diagnosis and treatment of ITNs among countries. Overall, almost 60% of patients with ITNs who underwent surgery actually presented a benign disease, potentially undergoing an unnecessary operation.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kejahatan berbahasa berdampak hukum pada tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif bentuk penghinaan, fitnah, dan makian. Ditemukan dalam penelitian berupa kejahatan berbahasa berdampak hukum pada tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif bentuk penghinaan, fitnah, dan makian. Pertama, Bentuk-bentuk ilokusi penghinaan yang dilakukan oleh pengguna media sosial pada masa pra dan pasca pemilihan Walikota Makassar 2020 ditemukan bebarapa bentuk ilokusi tindak tutur ekspresif penghinaan yaitu omong kosong, omong doang, pakai otak,bohong, iqnya rendah, mempermalukan diri sendiri, otak kosong, tong kosong nyaring bunyinya, banyak ballena, ular berkepala dua, dan seribu wajah. Kedua, Bentuk-bentuk ilokusi fitnah yang dilakukan pengguna sosial media pada masa pra dan pasca pemilihan Walikota Makassar 2020 ditemukan bebarapa bentuk ilokusi tindak tutur ekspresif fitnah yaitu, tidak ada sekali sama sekali kinerja yang diberikan, melakukan korupsi, melakukan kecuangan, calon koruptor, menjadi provokator, melakukan kelicikan, dan mendapatkan bantuan. Ketiga, Bentuk-bentuk ilokusi fitnah dilakukan oleh pengguna media sosial pada masa pra dan pasca pemilihan Walikota Makassar 2020 ditemukan bebarapa bentuk ilokusi tindak tutur ekspresif makian yaitu, telaso, sundala, tidak punya rasa malu, munafik, calon ahli neraka, balao, rakus harta, bau tanah, mulut comberan, kongkong, dan tolo-tolo.

Although the systematic emergence of the fuzzy functional analysis theory has started in the last few years, we are starting to construct a new theory of fuzzy operator ideals inspired by the classical (crisp) operator ideals theory. We define the concept of fuzzy operator ideal and present some basic examples and introduce a significant class of fuzzy operator ideals, namely the class of absolutely fuzzy p-summing between arbitrary complete fuzzy normed spaces, which is a natural generalization of the notion of absolutely (crisp) p-summing between Banach spaces defined by Albrecht Pietsch. We initiate to define fuzzy norm of the aforementioned notion and prove its fuzzy norm is fuzzy real number. It shows that the resulting class of fuzzy bounded operators is a complete fuzzy normed fuzzy operator ideal. It then establishes an important fundamental characterization of bsolutely fuzzy p-summing. This is done by proving a fuzzy version of Pietsch Domination Theorems. Finally, the paper presents some open problems which the researchers finds interesting.