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This article aims to describe a modification of the semilunar coronally advanced flap. A total of 12 systemically and periodontally healthy patients presenting Miller Class I gingival recession were treated with the modified semilunar coronally advanced flap technique described in this article. After 1 year of follow-up, the mean root coverage was 85.4% ± 24.7%. Significant gingival recession reduction, clinical attachment gain, and reduction in dentin sensitivity was observed 1 year after surgery. This novel semilunar coronally advanced flap technique was demonstrated to be effective for root coverage in Miller Class I gingival recessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial compared the levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) patients treated with nonsurgical therapy associated or not with amoxicillin/metronidazole adjunctive. Method and Materials: Thirty-nine GAgP patients were followed during 6 months. The patients were randomly allocated to one of the groups: experimental (scaling and root planing plus 375 mg amoxicillin and 250 mg metronidazole for 7 days) and control (scaling and root planing + placebo). Probing pocket depth (PPD), relative clinical attachment level (rCAL), gingival margin position (GMP), and IL-6, IFN-γ, and PGE2 levels in GCF were evaluated at baseline, and at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Results: Both therapies promoted PPD reductions, rCAL gains, and recession in GMP at the end of the study, with the experimental group presenting an additional PPD reduction in fullmouth analysis and deep pockets at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (P < .05). During the period of the study, only the experimental group promoted a reduction in PGE2 levels in deep pockets at 3 and 6 months, while IFN-γ and IL-6 levels remained unchanged. However, the differences in the immunologic parameters were not statistically significant among the groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that amoxicillin/ metronidazole associated with nonsurgical therapy promotes an additional PPD reduction in the treatment of GAgP; however, this therapy did not promote additional benefits in the evaluated immunologic parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the treatment of gingival recession associated with noncarious cervical lesions by a connective tissue graft in combination with a resin-modified glass-ionomer restoration (CTG + R). Eleven patients showing the association of recession and lesions were selected and treated by CTG + R. Bleeding on probing, probing depth, relative gingival recession, clinical attachment level, noncarious cervical lesion height, and dentin sensitivity were measured. The treatment provided statistically significant gains in clinical attachment level and shallow probing depths. The percentage of cervical lesion height covered was 74.0% ± 22.90%. It can be concluded that the presence of resin-modified glass-ionomer filling did not interfere with coverage achieved by the connective tissue graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Mechanical instrumentation is fundamental to periodontal treatment. However, independent of the instrument used in scaling, an immediate attachment loss occurs at the bottom of the periodontal pocket. This study aimed to determine the influence of tip diameter on attachment loss and the influence of attachment loss on the periodontal response to nonsurgical treatment. Method and Materials: Fifteen patients presenting periodontal pockets with a probing depth of 3.5 mm or more in bilateral teeth were divided into two groups: test group—instrumented with a thin tip, and control group—instrumented with a traditional tip. Probing depth, relative gingival position, and relative attachment level were evaluated immediately before and after and at 1 and 3 months after treatment using an electronic computerized probe. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (P = .05). Results: Both groups presented attachment loss immediately after instrumentation; however, the thin tip resulted in statistically higher immediate clinical attachment loss than the traditional tip (0.85 and 0.15 mm, respectively; P < .0001). However, both groups showed a similar healing after the ultrasonic therapy, at all parameters evaluated (P > .05). Conclusion: In spite of the higher immediate clinical attachment loss inflicted by thin ultrasonic tips during instrumentation, this did not affect the clinical response to the nonsurgical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to histometrically evaluate the influence of low-intensity laser treatment on bone healing around titanium implants placed in rabbit tibiae. Materials and Methods: Each tibia of 12 adult rabbits received a 3.3 × 6-mm titanium implant. The implants placed in the right tibiae were irradiated with a gallium-aluminum-arsenide diode low-intensity laser every 48 hours for 14 days postoperatively, and the left tibiae were not irradiated. After 3 or 6 weeks, the animals were sacrificed (six animals per period), and nondecalcified sections were obtained and analyzed for bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area within the implant threads. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test. Results: BIC was significantly increased in the lasertreated group at both 3 weeks and 6 weeks. BIC did not increase significantly with time (3 weeks versus 6 weeks). Conversely, bone area within the threads was significantly increased with time (3 weeks versus 6 weeks), regardless of whether the laser was used. Considering bone area within the threads, no significant difference was found for treatment, eg, with or without laser. Conclusion: Low-intensity laser therapy did not affect the area of bone formed within the threads, but it may improve BIC in rabbit tibiae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study evaluated the transcriptome of healthy gingival tissue from edentulous sites in patients with a history of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), chronic periodontitis (CP) and in patients with no history of periodontitis (H), using microarray and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis.Methods: Healthy gingival tissue from edentulous sites was taken from GAgP (n =12), CP (n=12) and H (n=12) patients. Initially, total RNA from 4 tissues samples per group was employed in transcriptomic microarray analysis. Differential gene expression (fold-change), gene ontology (GO; biological process) and pathway analyses were performed. Genes that were differentially expressed and showing a significant role on altered pathways were validated by qRT-PCR analysis on 12 samples per group.Results: In total, 270 probes sets and 50 GO groups were differentially expressed (up-regulated or down-regulated) between GAgP and H. Natural killer cell receptors and other genes related to the immune system were up-regulated in GAgP, while genes with functions in neural processes and in proliferation/differentiation of keratinocytes were under-expressed. There were 220 probe sets and 75 GO groups that were differentially expressed when comparing CP and GAgP. CP was characterized by the increased expression of genes related to responses to external stimuli and an under-expression of immune system-related genes. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the microarray results, that KIR2DL4, IL6 and SELE were highly expressed in GAgP than CP or H patients.Conclusion: This study demonstrates differences in the transcriptome of healthy gingival tissue from edentulous sites from GAgP when compared with that of H or CP patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]