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Due to the widespread use of shellfish ingredients in food products, accurate food labelling is urgently needed for consumers with shellfish allergies. Most crustacean allergen detection systems target the immunorecognition of the allergenic protein tropomyosin. However, this mode of detection may be affected by an origin-dependent protein composition. This study determined if the geographic location of capture, or aquaculture, influenced the allergenic protein profiles of Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon), one of the most farmed and consumed shrimp species worldwide. Protein composition was analysed in shrimp from nine different locations in the Asia–Pacific by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, and mass spectrometry. Ten of the twelve known shrimp allergens were detected, but with considerable differences between locations. Sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein, myosin light chain, and tropomyosin were the most abundant allergens in all locations. Hemocyanin-specific antibodies could identify up to six different isoforms, depending on the location of origin. Similarly, tropomyosin abundance varied by up to 13 times between locations. These findings suggest that allergen abundance may be related to shrimp origin and, thus, shrimp origin might directly impact the readout of commercial crustacean allergen detection kits, most of which target tropomyosin, and this should be considered in food safety assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid expansion of extensive brackish water aquaculture (BA) in Indonesia has created an urgent need to develop effective and reliable methods to evaluate and select sites suitable for aquaculture development. The lack of supporting spatial data at appropriate scales has limited the application of GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation methods (MCEs) in Indonesia. This study presents alternative fuzzy-based Geographic Information System (GIS) methods to evaluate and select sites suitable for extensive brackish water aquaculture. This study successfully produced fuzzy set maps from a water availability sub-model, a land conversion sub-model and a green belt buffer zone sub-model. With grades of membership, the fuzzy set maps provide smooth class boundary representation, which creates more options for decision-making than a map classified with crisp logic. Combining these sub-models produced an overall site suitability map at the scale of 1:50,000 for the study region. This final suitability map effectively excluded more than 95% of the unsuitable area for BA. This broad-scale site suitability assessment approach is a helpful planning tool to promote Indonesia's sustainable development of extensive brackish water aquaculture. It identifies possible conflicts in land uses and considers conservation issues early in the planning process. The output can be used to scope research areas for more detailed investigations in countries where BA is a vital livelihood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In brackishwater aquaculture, pond engineering is essential to meet the cultured species' bio-physical requirements and potentially minimizing social and environmental impacts. This study evaluated the suitability of pond engineering designs and pond, dyke, and canal construction at family-run, extensive brackishwater aquaculture farms in Barru regency of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil properties, topography, hydrological data, field surveys, and high resolution (0.6 m) Quickbird imagery were used to assess the suitability of local pond engineering designs and the efficiency of canals. The study shows that in 752 of the evaluated pond units (430 ha), about 70% of pond beds were not constructed at the optimal pond elevation. Basic engineering requirements for pond layout and dyke and canal designs were not addressed in more than 70% of the pond units. Cease-toflow conditions commonly occur due to the sedimentation of canals. Flows are also attenuated due to collapsed dykes. Farmers disregarded soil limitations and the impacts of tidal conditions and wave regimes. It is unlikely that shrimp and fish production in the region can increase without significant improvements in pond engineering. The problems identified by the study are not unique to Barru; they also occur in other extensive aquaculture areas in Indonesia and the region. Increased awareness of the need for improved pond engineering techniques is urgently needed to safeguard the economic and environmental sustainability of Indonesia's valuable aquaculture industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were used to evaluate the influence of microalgal diet on growth and survival of hatchery-reared Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae. D-veliger larvae were [...]

The 5th and 11th authors' names are written incorrectly. The correct names are, respectively: Michelle A. Burford and Jesmond Sammut.By Marcus Randall; Andrew Lewis; Ben Stewart-Koster; Nguyen Dieu Anh; Michelle A. Burford; Jason Condon; Nguyen Van Qui; Le Huu Hiep; Doan Van Bay; Nguyen Van Sang and Jesmond SammutReported by Author; Author; Author; Author; Author; Author; Author; Author; Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

ABSTRACT Estuarine acidification caused by outflows from acid sulfate soils (ASS), impacts many estuaries in eastern Australia. Affected waters are characterized by low pH and elevated concentrations of metals, particularly [...]

ABSTRACT Estuarine acidification, caused by disturbance of acid sulfate soils (ASS) is a problem that affects many estuaries in eastern Australia. ASS outflows have low pH and elevated concentrations of [...]

Choline plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism for fish, and its deficiency in aquafeed has been linked to compromised health and growth performance. A 56-d experiment was conducted to examine the effects of dietary choline on lipid composition, histology and plasma biochemistry of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi; YTK; 156 g initial body weight). The dietary choline content ranged from 0·59 to 6·22 g/kg diet. 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) (3 g/kg) was added to diets, except for a control diet, to limit de novo choline synthesis. The results showed that the liver lipid content of YTK was similar among diets containing AMP and dominated by NEFA. In contrast, fish fed the control diet had significantly elevated liver TAG. Generally, the SFA, MUFA and PUFA content of liver lipid in fish fed diets containing AMP was not influenced by choline content. The SFA and MUFA content of liver lipid in fish fed the control diet was similar to other diets except for a decrease in PUFA. The linear relationship between lipid digestibility and plasma cholesterol was significant, otherwise most parameters were unaffected. When AMP is present, higher dietary choline reduced the severity of some hepatic lesions. The present study demonstrated that choline deficiency affects some plasma and liver histology parameters in juvenile YTK which might be useful fish health indicators. Importantly, the present study elucidated potential reasons for lower growth in choline-deficient YTK and increased the knowledge on choline metabolism in the fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is currently one of the most farmed freshwater fish and contributes significantly to total global aquaculture production. The genetically improved strain of O. niloticus (GIFT) was introduced to Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 1999 to improve food and income security. The high cost and low availability of commercial fish feed hinder the growth of GIFT farming in PNG. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes were used to determine the role of supplementary and natural food sources in the diet of GIFT in pond‐based aquaculture. Two treatments were used: treatment 1 was daily feeding, and treatment 2 was weekly feeding, each with three replicates. Isotopic analysis of muscle tissue and all potential food sources showed that pellet feed contributed 7% to the growth of GIFT in daily‐fed ponds and 33% in the weekly‐fed ponds. Highly enriched δ15N values for chicken manure, compared to depleted values for GIFT and other natural food sources in both treatments, clearly indicate insignificant contributions of this input to production. After 90 days of cultivation, the average final body weight of GIFT receiving daily feed inputs was 134 g (average 19 cm), while for weekly‐fed it was 92 g (17 cm). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was poor (6.4:1) in the daily‐fed GIFT ponds compared to a better, and preferable, FCR (1:1) in the weekly‐fed ponds. The findings of this study show that pelleted feed was not the major contributor to the growth of GIFT. Genetically improved farmed tilapia aquaculture should focus on enhancing natural food availability for fish production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]