98,384 results on '"Sampling (statistics)"'
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2. Modelling the folding pathway of DNA nanostructures
- Author
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Najafi, Behnam, Turberfield, Andrew, and Louis, Adriaan
- Subjects
DNA ,Chemistry, Physical and theoretical ,Sampling (Statistics) ,Monte Carlo method ,Physics - Abstract
DNA origami is a robust technique for bottom-up nano-fabrication. It encodes a target shape into uniquely addressable interactions between a set of short 'staple' strands and a long 'scaffold' strand. The mechanisms of self-assembly, particularly regarding kinetics, need to be better understood. Origami design usually relies on optimising the thermodynamic stability of the target structure, and thermal annealing remains the most fool-proof assembly protocol. This work focuses on studying the folding pathway of three types of origami through simulations: a reconfigurable T-junction origami, several traditional origami, and origami with coated scaffolds. The T-junction origami is intended as an economically feasible method of changing the uniqueness of interactions. My contribution to this work is to characterise the basic structural motif through oxDNA, a nucleotide-resolution model of DNA. The thesis then focuses on extending a domain-level model of DNA origami to study several experimental origami designs. We reveal design-dependent free energy barriers using biased simulations and relate this to the observed hysteresis in experiments. We also highlight the role of specific design elements in determining the folding pathway. A novel method of lowering the temperature of error-free assembly using coated scaffolds is then presented, with simulations indicating the existence of an activation barrier. By exposing particular regions of the scaffold, we can lower assembly time and temperature.
- Published
- 2022
3. Improved methods for estimating spatial and temporal trends from point transect survey data
- Author
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Camp, Richard and Thomas, Len
- Subjects
519.5 ,Density estimation ,Distance sampling ,Point-transect sampling ,Soap-film smoother ,Spatio-temporal smoother ,State-space modeling ,Variance propagation ,QA276.6C2 ,Sampling (Statistics) ,Birds--Behavior--Statistical methods ,Forest birds--Hawaii - Abstract
This thesis is about methods for improving estimates of abundance and trends from distance sampling surveys. My particular focus is on point transect surveys of endemic Hawaiian songbirds. When critical assumptions are met, design-based distance sampling provides unbiased abundance estimates; however, for rare endangered Hawaiian forest birds, the estimates can have high variance, hindering their use in assessing conservation efforts. One approach to improve precision is to use spatial models instead of design-based methods. I fitted density surface models (DSMs), accounting for spatial and temporal correlation, using a two-stage approach that separated modelling of detection probability from modelling spatio-temporal patterns in density using generalized additive models (GAMs). Precision was improved and maps depicted spatio-temporal patterns in densities. I compared the model that I fitted for a single year to two alternative approaches: spatial point-process model based on a log-Gaussian Cox process with a Matérn covariance (LGCP) and a soap-film smoother. The GAM-based DSMs and LGCP approaches produced better precision than the design-based method but varied in how they captured pattern in the data. I also implemented a GAM that used a smoother which took into account the study area boundary (a soap-film smoother) and found this produced better extrapolations into parts of the study area not surveyed. Including biological realism is another approach to improve modelling of population change over time is to link design-based abundance estimates to an underlying population dynamics model, using a state-space modelling framework. This constrains population changes to be biologically realistic, as I demonstrate with a set of models that make different assumptions about the demographic parameters driving population changes. Overall, I demonstrate that spatial, spatio-temporal and population dynamics modelling procedures reduced the variance in density estimates in single- and multi-year abundance data compared to design-based methods, thus better informing management and conservation decisions.
- Published
- 2021
4. Factors and processes of educational and social stratification in Greece : the role of shadow education
- Author
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Katsillis, Michail and Breen, Richard
- Subjects
371.39 ,Tutors and tutoring ,Education ,Quantitative research ,Sampling (Statistics) ,Social stratification ,Sociology ,Linear models (Statistics) ,Education, Greek ,Social mobility - Abstract
This study examines the role of Shadow Education (SE) in the process of educational achievement in Greece, within an educational and social reproduction framework. It examines SE participation alongside a number of other SE characteristics both separately and within a series of models. The models address questions of SE's relationship to both students' background characteristics and their later achievement; their modal strategies for participating in SE, the overall role played by SE as a mechanism of educational and thus social reproduction, and the homogeneity of the effect of SE participation on students' educational achievement. In order to do so, data was collected from 1508 students in the final year of Greek Upper Secondary school students using a single stage stratified cluster sampling technique, using a mail questionnaire. The analyses suggested that SE Participation, and Group SE Participation in particular, mediate a portion of the significant effect of differential background characteristics on students' Educational Achievement. Indeed, these effects were entirely mediated by students' SE Quality and Student Effort. Students' modal strategies for SE participation appear to depend on what point in their academic careers they are examined. They go from mixed (i.e., both enhancement and remediation) in primary or early-secondary to purely enhancement oriented by upper-secondary education. Non-ethnically Greek students do not appear to benefit from SE participation; they also differ significantly in regards to the gender achievement gap and returns to student effort. In general, however, all students, from those most to those least likely to participate in SE seem to reap the same benefits from participation. Further evaluation of the models examined herein, including replication, measurement modification and use of longitudinal data is recommended to further elucidate the role of SE in the educational achievement process.
- Published
- 2020
5. Estimating abundance of African great apes
- Author
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Howe, Eric J., Buckland, Stephen T., Borchers, D. L., and Kühl, Hjalmar
- Subjects
577 ,Camera trapping ,Distance sampling ,Spatially explicit capture-recapture ,Model selection ,Chimpanzee ,Pan troglodytes ,QL737.P94H7 ,Mammal populations--Estimates ,Hominids--Africa ,Sampling (Statistics) - Abstract
All species and subspecies of African great apes are listed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature as endangered or critically endangered, and populations continue to decline. As human populations and industry expand into great ape habitat, efficient, reliable estimators of great ape abundance are needed to inform conservation status and land-use planning, to assess adverse and beneficial effects of human activities, and to help funding agencies and donors make informed and efficient contributions. Fortunately, technological advances have improved our ability to sample great apes remotely, and new statistical methods for estimating abundance are constantly in development. Following a brief general introduction, this thesis reviews established and emerging approaches to estimating great ape abundance, then describes new methods for estimating animal density from photographic data by distance sampling with camera traps, and for selecting among models of the distance sampling detection function when distance data are overdispersed. Subsequent chapters quantify the effect of violating the assumption of demographic closure when estimating abundance using spatially explicit capture-recapture models for closed populations, and describe the design and implementation of a camera trapping survey of chimpanzees at the landscape scale in Kibale National Park, Uganda. The new methods developed have generated considerable interest, and allow abundances of multiple species, including great apes, to be estimated from data collected during a single photographic survey. Spatially explicit capture-recapture analyses of photographic data from small study areas yielded accurate and precise estimates of chimpanzee abundance, and this combination of methods could be used to enumerate great apes over large areas and in dense forests more reliably and efficiently than previously possible.
- Published
- 2019
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6. Unity From Diversity : Pluralist Systemic Thinking for Social and Behavioural Research
- Author
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Ray W. Cooksey and Ray W. Cooksey
- Subjects
- Research—Methodology, Statistics, Quantitative research, Sampling (Statistics), Study Skills, Sociology
- Abstract
This book is about the choices that researchers can make when building knowledge in social and behavioural spaces. Knowledge is the unity we seek and, given that social and behavioural research is a human endeavour focusing on human lives and experiences, there are diverse and ever-evolving pathways towards achieving that unity. Any one pathway will only ever yield partial glimpses into human life and diversity of potential choices serves to enrich, expand, and enlarge those glimpses in pursuit of more complete understanding. The book shows that researchers and the researched are far more connected than disconnected in this world and those connections are spread out through a network of interlinked complex systems. The book argues that pluralist systemic thinking provides the means by which a researcher's methodological choices for navigating the ‘Data Triangle'(comprising data source, data gathering, and data analysis strategies) and the learning they provide can be fully and robustly contextualised with respect to those systems and the expectations and influences that emerge from them. Such contextualisations facilitate the refinement, augmentation, and/or narrowing of those choices during the researcher's journey. Anticipating choices downstream may have implications for more immediate choices and more immediate choices may create a cascade of necessary downstream choices. An essential part of contextualisation involves making choices about patterns of guiding assumptions, modes of knowledge building, and research frames. Researchers must develop the capacity to be flexible and adapt to unanticipated emergent events, obstacles, and political influences, making trade-offs where necessary throughout their research journey, always with an eye on both feasibility and quality. Importantly, research has no meaning unless the researcher can ensure that it connects with intended audiences via specific research outcomes, especially since the ultimate judgments about the convincingness, meaningfulness, quality, and utility of the research are vested in those audiences. Throughout the book, special attention is devoted to the role(s) that stakeholders and gatekeepers play in shaping the researcher's journey as well as to what can be learned from Indigenous/First Nations perspectives on social and behavioural research.
- Published
- 2024
7. Quantitative Psychology : The 88th Annual Meeting of the Psychometric Society, Maryland, USA, 2023
- Author
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Marie Wiberg, Jee-Seon Kim, Heungsun Hwang, Hao Wu, Tracy Sweet, Marie Wiberg, Jee-Seon Kim, Heungsun Hwang, Hao Wu, and Tracy Sweet
- Subjects
- Statistics, Social sciences—Statistical methods, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This book includes presentations given at the 88th annual meeting of the Psychometric Society, held in Maryland, USA on July 24–28, 2023. The proceeding covers a diverse set of psychometric topics. The topics include, but are not limited to item response theory, cognitive diagnostic models, Bayesian estimation, validity and reliability issues, and several applications within different fields. The authors are from all over the world, they work in different psychometrics areas, as well as having diverse professional and academic experiences.
- Published
- 2024
8. Randomized Response Techniques : Certain Thought-Provoking Aspects
- Author
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Arijit Chaudhuri, Sanghamitra Pal, Dipika Patra, Arijit Chaudhuri, Sanghamitra Pal, and Dipika Patra
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Computer science—Mathematics, Mathematical statistics, Data protection
- Abstract
This book presents an up-to-date perspective on randomized response techniques (RRT). It discusses the most appropriate and efficient procedures of RRT for analysing data from queries dealing with sensitive and confidential issues, including the treatment of infinite and finite population setups. The book aims to spark a renewed interest among sampling experts who may have overlooked RRT. By addressing the missing topics and incorporating a wide range of contributors'works, it seeks to foster an appreciative academic environment and inspire a reformed and amended view of RRT. As the book unfolds, readers will gain valuable insights into the evolving landscape of RRT and its applications, positioning them at the forefront of this engaging field of study.On RRT, the literature has grown immensely since its inception in 1965 by S.L. Warner. Despite several books published on the subject, there are still two crucial topics missing from the existing RRT literature. This book aimsto address these gaps and provide valuable insights to curious readers in the field. The book is mandatory reading for statisticians and biostatisticians, market researchers, operations researchers, pollsters, sociologists, political scientists, economists and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in these areas.
- Published
- 2024
9. Are Statistics Only Made of Data? : Know-how and Presupposition From the 17th and 19th Centuries
- Author
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Éric Brian and Éric Brian
- Subjects
- Social sciences, Sampling (Statistics), Statistics, History, Science—Philosophy, Knowledge, Theory of
- Abstract
This book examines several epistemological regimes in studies of numerical data over the last four centuries. It distinguishes these regimes and mobilises questions present in the philosophy of science, sociology and historical works throughout the 20th century. Attention is given to the skills of scholars and their methods, their assumptions, and the socio-historical conditions that made calculations and their interpretations possible. In doing so, questions posed as early as Émile Durkheim's and Ernst Cassirer's ones are revisited and the concept of symbolic form is put to the test in this particular survey, conducted over long period of time. Although distinct from a methodological and epistemological point of view, today these regimes may be found together in the toolbox of statisticians and those who comment on their conclusions. As such, the book is addressed to social scientists and historians and all those who are interested in numerical productions.
- Published
- 2024
10. Case Studies in the Virtual Physical Chemistry Laboratory
- Author
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Anthony J. Duben and Anthony J. Duben
- Subjects
- Physical chemistry, Thermodynamics, Chemical kinetics, Spectrum analysis, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This textbook provides a unique instructional resource in experimental Physical Chemistry with case studies based on data taken from the scientific literature. Platform-independent software that generates individualized data sets for student practice and assessment is included. Case Studies in the Virtual Physical Laboratory can be used to • Create online virtual laboratory courses in Physical Chemistry. • Supplement instruction in the lecture hall. • Complement hands-on projects in face-to-face laboratory courses. The case studies cover states of matter, thermochemistry, phase equilibria, reaction equilibria, chemical kinetics, electrolyte solutions, and activity coefficients. They are written to be self-contained to give flexibility in the choice of projects. The pedagogical approach in each case study is to use the given data in direct instruction followed by the analysis of the synthetic data as individualized tasks. Only open-source software tools are needed to analyze data. Each case study contains a thorough discussion of the theoretical principles underlying the experiment and data, the character of the data to be analyzed, and methods appropriate for the analysis of the data. The accompanying software has been written to allow the production of many data sets without risking duplication, yet the synthetic data can be regenerated if the files are lost or become corrupted. Software programs were written in Fortran 95 and are distributed as a suite of executable programs for Intel-based computers running Windows, MacOS, or Linux. This book will be of particular interest and usefulness to students and instructors in upper-division undergraduate physical chemistry courses.
- Published
- 2024
11. Incorporating animal movement into circular plot and point transect surveys of wildlife abundance
- Author
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González, Rocío Prieto, Thomas, Len, and Marques, Tiago A.
- Subjects
519.5 ,QA276.6G7 ,Sampling (Statistics) - Abstract
Estimating wildlife abundance is fundamental for its effective management and conservation. A range of methods exist: total counts, plot sampling, distance sampling and capture-recapture based approaches. Methods have assumptions and their failure can lead to substantial bias. Current research in the field is focused not on establishing new methods but in extending existing methods to deal with their assumptions' violation. This thesis focus on incorporating animal movement into circular plot sampling (CPS) and point transect sampling (PTS), where a key assumption is that animals do not move while within detection range, i.e., the survey is a snapshot in time. While targeting this goal, we found some unexpected bias in PTS when animals were still and model selection was used to choose among different candidate models for the detection function (the model describing how detectability changes with observer-animal distance). Using a simulation study, we found that, although PTS estimators are asymptotically unbiased, for the recommended sample sizes the bias depended on the form of the true detection function. We then extended the simulation study to include animal movement, and found this led to further bias in CPS and PTS. We present novel methods that incorporate animal movement with constant speed into estimates of abundance. First, in CPS, we present an analytic expression to correct for the bias given linear movement. When movement is de ned by a diffusion process, a simulation based approach, modelling the probability of animal presence in the circular plot, results in less than 3% bias in the abundance estimates. For PTS we introduce an estimator composed of two linked submodels: the movement (animals moving linearly) and the detection model. The performance of the proposed method is assessed via simulation. Despite being biased, the new estimator yields improved results compared to ignoring animal movement using conventional PTS.
- Published
- 2018
12. Control and State Estimation for Dynamical Network Systems with Complex Samplings
- Author
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Bo Shen, Zidong Wang, Qi Li, Bo Shen, Zidong Wang, and Qi Li
- Subjects
- Neural networks (Computer science), Sensor networks, Adaptive control systems, Sampling (Statistics), Observers (Control theory), Parameter estimation
- Abstract
This book focuses on the control and state estimation problems for dynamical network systems with complex samplings subject to various network-induced phenomena. It includes a series of control and state estimation problems tackled under the passive sampling fashion. Further, it explains the effects from the active sampling fashion, i.e., event-based sampling is examined on the control/estimation performance, and novel design technologies are proposed for controllers/estimators. Simulation results are provided for better understanding of the proposed control/filtering methods. By drawing on a variety of theories and methodologies such as Lyapunov function, linear matrix inequalities, and Kalman theory, sufficient conditions are derived for guaranteeing the existence of the desired controllers and estimators, which are parameterized according to certain matrix inequalities or recursive matrix equations. Covers recent advances of control and state estimation for dynamical network systems with complex samplings from the engineering perspective Systematically introduces the complex sampling concept, methods, and application for the control and state estimation Presents unified framework for control and state estimation problems of dynamical network systems with complex samplings Exploits a set of the latest techniques such as linear matrix inequality approach, Vandermonde matrix approach, and trace derivation approach Explains event-triggered multi-rate fusion estimator, resilient distributed sampled-data estimator with predetermined specifications This book is aimed at researchers, professionals, and graduate students in control engineering and signal processing.
- Published
- 2023
13. Sample Sizes for Clinical Trials
- Author
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Steven A. Julious and Steven A. Julious
- Subjects
- Clinical trials--Statistical methods, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Sample Sizes for Clinical Trials, Second Edition is a practical book that assists researchers in their estimation of the sample size for clinical trials. Throughout the book there are detailed worked examples to illustrate both how to do the calculations and how to present them to colleagues or in protocols. The book also highlights some of the pitfalls in calculations as well as the key steps that lead to the final sample size calculation.Features: Comprehensive coverage of sample size calculations, including Normal, binary, ordinal, and survival outcome data Covers superiority, equivalence, non-inferiority, bioequivalence and precision objectives for both parallel group and crossover designs Highlights how trial objectives impact the study design with respect to both the derivation of sample formulae and the size of the study Motivated with examples of real-life clinical trials showing how the calculations can be applied New edition is extended with all chapters revised, some substantially, and four completely new chapters on multiplicity, cluster trials, pilot studies, and single arm trials The book is primarily aimed at researchers and practitioners of clinical trials and biostatistics, and could be used to teach a course on sample size calculations. The importance of a sample size calculation when designing a clinical trial is highlighted in the book. It enables readers to quickly find an appropriate sample size formula, with an associated worked example, complemented by tables to assist in the calculations.
- Published
- 2023
14. A Guide to Robust Statistical Methods
- Author
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Rand R. Wilcox and Rand R. Wilcox
- Subjects
- Statistics, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Robust statistical methods are now being used in a wide range of disciplines. The appeal of these methods is that they are designed to perform about as well as classic techniques when standard assumptions are true—but they continue to perform well in situations where classic methods perform poorly. This book provides a relatively non-technical guide to modern methods. The focus is on applying modern methods using R, understanding when and why classic methods can be unsatisfactory, and fostering a conceptual understanding of the relative merits of different techniques. A recurring theme is that no single method reveals everything one would like to know about the population under study. An appeal of robust methods is that under general conditions they provide much higher power than conventional techniques. Perhaps more importantly, they help provide a deeper and more nuanced understanding of data. The book is for readers who had at least one semester of statistics, aimed at non-statisticians.
- Published
- 2023
15. Recovery Methodologies: Regularization and Sampling
- Author
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Willi Freeden, M. Zuhair Nashed, Willi Freeden, and M. Zuhair Nashed
- Subjects
- Inverse problems (Differential equations)--Numerical solutions, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
The goal of this book is to introduce the reader to methodologies in recovery problems for objects, such as functions and signals, from partial or indirect information. The recovery of objects from a set of data demands key solvers of inverse and sampling problems. Until recently, connections between the mathematical areas of inverse problems and sampling were rather tenuous. However, advances in several areas of mathematical research have revealed deep common threads between them, which proves that there is a serious need for a unifying description of the underlying mathematical ideas and concepts. Freeden and Nashed present an integrated approach to resolution methodologies from the perspective of both these areas. Researchers in sampling theory will benefit from learning about inverse problems and regularization methods, while specialists in inverse problems will gain a better understanding of the point of view of sampling concepts. This book requires some basic knowledge of functional analysis, Fourier theory, geometric number theory, constructive approximation, and special function theory. By avoiding extreme technicalities and elaborate proof techniques, it is an accessible resource for students and researchers not only from applied mathematics, but also from all branches of engineering and science.
- Published
- 2023
16. Sampling, Approximation, and Signal Analysis : Harmonic Analysis in the Spirit of J. Rowland Higgins
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Stephen D. Casey, M. Maurice Dodson, Paulo J. S. G. Ferreira, Ahmed Zayed, Stephen D. Casey, M. Maurice Dodson, Paulo J. S. G. Ferreira, and Ahmed Zayed
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Approximation theory, Harmonic analysis
- Abstract
During his long and distinguished career, J. Rowland Higgins (1935-2020) made a substantial impact on many mathematical fields through his work on sampling theory, his deep knowledge of its history, and his service to the community. This volume is a tribute to his work and legacy, featuring chapters written by distinguished mathematicians that explore cutting-edge research in sampling, approximation, signal analysis, and other related areas. An introductory chapter provides a biography of Higgins that explores his rich and unique life, along with a bibliography of his papers; a brief history of the SampTA meetings – of which he was a Founding Member – is also included. The remaining articles are grouped into four sections – classical sampling, theoretical extensions, frame theory, and applications of sampling theory – and explore Higgins'contributions to these areas, as well as some of the latest developments.
- Published
- 2023
17. Urban Informatics Using Mobile Network Data : Travel Behavior Research Perspectives
- Author
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Santi Phithakkitnukoon and Santi Phithakkitnukoon
- Subjects
- Artificial intelligence—Data processing, Data mining, Quantitative research, Transportation engineering, Traffic engineering, Social sciences—Data processing, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This book discusses the role of mobile network data in urban informatics, particularly how mobile network data is utilized in the mobility context, where approaches, models, and systems are developed for understanding travel behavior. The objectives of this book are thus to evaluate the extent to which mobile network data reflects travel behavior and to develop guidelines on how to best use such data to understand and model travel behavior. To achieve these objectives, the book attempts to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of this data source for urban informatics and its applicability to the development and implementation of travel behavior models through a series of the authors'research studies.Traditionally, survey-based information is used as an input for travel demand models that predict future travel behavior and transportation needs. A survey-based approach is however costly and time-consuming, and hence its information can be dated and limited to aparticular region. Mobile network data thus emerges as a promising alternative data source that is massive in both cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives, and one that provides both broader geographic coverage of travelers and longer-term travel behavior observation. The two most common types of travel demand model that have played an essential role in managing and planning for transportation systems are four-step models and activity-based models. The book's chapters are structured on the basis of these travel demand models in order to provide researchers and practitioners with an understanding of urban informatics and the important role that mobile network data plays in advancing the state of the art from the perspectives of travel behavior research.
- Published
- 2022
18. Trends on Construction in the Digital Era : Proceedings of ISIC 2022
- Author
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António Gomes Correia, Miguel Azenha, Paulo J. S. Cruz, Paulo Novais, Paulo Pereira, António Gomes Correia, Miguel Azenha, Paulo J. S. Cruz, Paulo Novais, and Paulo Pereira
- Subjects
- Buildings—Design and construction, Control engineering, Robotics, Automation, Computational intelligence, Artificial intelligence, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
These proceedings address the latest developments in the broad area of intelligent construction integrated in the mission of the International Society for Intelligent Construction (ISIC) which aims to promote intelligent construction technologies applications from the survey, design, construction, operation, and maintenance/rehabilitation by adapting to changes of environments and minimizing risks. Its goals are to improve the quality of construction, cost-saving, and safety, exploring fundamental issues related to the application and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning techniques and technology. ISIC 2022 is the 3rd ISIC international conference, held in Guimarães, Portugal on September 6–9, 2022, and follows the previous successful instalments of the conference series in China (2019) and USA (2017). It took a holistic approach to integrate civil engineering, construction machinery, electronic sensor technology, survey/testing technologies, information technology/computing, and other related fields in the broad area of intelligent construction. The respective contributions cover the following topics: Artificial Intelligence for Design and the Built Environment, Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Construction Automation and Robotics, Intelligent Construction, Sustainable Construction, and Sustainable and Smart Infrastructures. Given its broad range of coverage, the book will benefit students, educators, researchers and professionals practitioners alike, encouraging these readers to help the intelligent construction community into the digital era and with a vision on societal issues.
- Published
- 2022
19. Estadística inferencial aplicada. Segunda edición revisada y aumentada
- Author
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Martín Díaz Rodríguez and Martín Díaz Rodríguez
- Subjects
- Analysis of variance, Regression analysis, Mathematical statistics, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Este texto, dirigido a estudiantes de pregrado que tengan un conocimiento previo acerca de la teoría de probabilidad, recoge la experiencia académica del autor en cursos de pregrado y postgrado en diferentes disciplinas, tales como matemáticas, estadística aplicada, ciencias económicas y ciencias de la salud. Como resultado del continuo procesamiento y análisis estadístico de datos reales en trabajos de tesis o de profundización, el autor incluye una selección de ejemplos y ejercicios de aplicación para hacer más comprensible el abordaje de temas como Distribuciones continuas, Distribuciones muestrales, Estimación de parámetros, Prueba de hipótesis y Regresión lineal simple.
- Published
- 2022
20. Make Your Data Speak : Creating Actionable Data Through Excel For Non-Technical Professionals
- Author
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Alex Kolokolov and Alex Kolokolov
- Subjects
- Database management, Data structures (Computer science), Sampling (Statistics), Big data
- Abstract
Gather and analyze data successfully, identify trends, and then create overarching strategies and actionable next steps - all through Excel. This book will show even those who lack a technical background how to make advanced interactive reports with only Excel at hand. Advanced visualization is available to everyone, and this step-by-step guide will show you how.The information in this book is presented in an accessible and understandable way for everyone, regardless of the level of technical skills and proficiency in MS Excel. The dashboard development process is given in the format of step-by-step instructions, taking you through each step in detail. Universal checklists and recommendations of a practicing business analyst and trainer will help in solving various tasks when working with data visualization. Illustrations will help you perceive information easily and quickly. Make Your Data Speak will show you howto master the main rules, techniques and tricks of professional data visualization in just a few days.What You'll LearnSee how interactive dashboards can be useful for a businessReview basic rules for building dashboardsUnderstand why it's important to pay attention to colors and fonts when developing a dashboardCreate interactive management reports in Excel Who This Book is ForCompany executives and divisional managers, Middle managers, business analysts
- Published
- 2022
21. Kontinuierliche Messgrößen und Stichprobenstrategien in Raum und Zeit : mit Anwendungen in den Natur-, Umwelt-, Wirtschafts- und Finanzwissenschaften
- Author
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Hartmut Hebbel, Detlef Steuer, Hartmut Hebbel, and Detlef Steuer
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Statistics, Biometry
- Abstract
Dieses Buch stellt eine aktuelle Auswahl mathematisch-statistischer Methoden und Stichprobenstrategien zum Umgang mit kontinuierlichen Messgrößen in Raum und Zeit dar. Es unterstützt beispielsweise bei der Erfassung, Darstellung, Beurteilung und statistischen Auswertung von Messsignalen sowie bei der Entwicklung und Ausgestaltung von statistischen Analyseverfahren und geeigneten Stichprobenplänen. Die Buchinhalte sind insbesondere zur Anwendung in den Natur- und Umweltwissenschaften geeignet, da dort kontinuierliche Messgrößen in Raum und Zeit besonders häufig auftreten, die damit verbundenen kontinuierlichen Prozesse aber meist nur stichprobenhaft an einigen Stellen bzw. Zeitpunkten beobachtet werden können und zudem oftmals mit Fehlern behaftet sind. Spezielle Kapitel (z.B. Komponentenmodelle) sind auch für Wirtschafts- und Finanzwissenschaftler (Chartanalyse) von Interesse.
- Published
- 2022
22. Ranked Set Sampling Models and Methods
- Author
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Carlos N. Bouza-Herrera and Carlos N. Bouza-Herrera
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Ranking and selection (Statistics)
- Abstract
When it comes to data collection and analysis, ranked set sampling (RSS) continues to increasingly be the focus of methodological research. This type of sampling is an alternative to simple random sampling and can offer substantial improvements in precision and efficient estimation. There are different methods within RSS that can be further explored and discussed. On top of being efficient, RSS is cost-efficient and can be used in situations where sample units are difficult to obtain. With new results in modeling and applications, and a growing importance in theory and practice, it is essential for modeling to be further explored and developed through research. Ranked Set Sampling Models and Methods presents an innovative look at modeling survey sampling research and new models of RSS along with the future potentials of it. The book provides a panoramic view of the state of the art of RSS by presenting some previously known and new models. The chapters illustrate how the modeling is to be developed and how they improve the efficiency of the inferences. The chapters highlight topics such as bootstrap methods, fuzzy weight ranked set sampling method, item count technique, stratified ranked set sampling, and more. This book is essential for statisticians, social and natural science scientists, physicians and all the persons involved with the use of sampling theory in their research along with practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in the latest models and methods for ranked set sampling.
- Published
- 2022
23. Graph Sampling
- Author
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Li-Chun Zhang and Li-Chun Zhang
- Subjects
- Graph theory, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Many technological, socio-economic, environmental, biomedical phenomena exhibit an underlying graph structure. Valued graph allows one to incorporate the connections or links among the population units in addition. The links may provide effectively access to the part of population that is the primary target, which is the case for many unconventional sampling methods, such as indirect, network, line-intercept or adaptive cluster sampling. Or, one may be interested in the structure of the connections, in terms of the corresponding graph properties or parameters, such as when various breadth- or depth-first non-exhaustive search algorithms are applied to obtain compressed views of large often dynamic graphs. Graph sampling provides a statistical approach to study real graphs from either of these perspectives. It is based on exploring the variation over all possible sample graphs (or subgraphs) which can be taken from the given population graph, by means of the relevant known sampling probabilities. The resulting design-based inference is valid whatever the unknown properties of the given real graphs. One-of-a-kind treatise of multidisciplinary topics relevant to statistics, mathematics and data science. Probabilistic treatment of breadth-first and depth-first non-exhaustive search algorithms in graphs. Presenting cutting-edge theory and methods based on latest research. Pathfinding for future research on sampling from real graphs. Graph Sampling can primarily be used as a resource for researchers working with sampling or graph problems, and as the basis of an advanced course for post-graduate students in statistics, mathematics and data science.
- Published
- 2021
24. DIIS Theory and Methodology in Think Tanks
- Author
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Jiaofeng Pan and Jiaofeng Pan
- Subjects
- Science—Social aspects, Quantitative research, Operations research, Political planning, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This book provides the readers with the overall latest research on think tanks, summarizing the characteristics of think tanks, revealing the general laws and internal logic of think tank research, applying systems, dialectical views and operations research, system theory, and cybernetics to the problems existing in the research work of think tanks at home and abroad. Based on problem-oriented, evidence-oriented and scientific orientation, this book systematically considers the methodology of think tank research, proposes the DIIS theoretical method system of think tank research, defines the standardization process of think tank research and the quality standard of think tank DIIS, and gives corresponding DIIS to the actual think tank research problem. The method aims to improve the scientificity, effectiveness, and reliability of the research results of think tanks, provide systematic theoretical analysis for think tank research, promote the professional development of think tanks, and better serve the modernization of national governance systems and governance capabilities. This book presents new theoretical and research method support and reference that contribute to macro decision-making departments, management departments, scientific research institutes, universities, and enterprises think tank research related departments, strategic decision makers, think tank managers, think tank researchers, and readers interested in think tanks reading and using. Finally yet importantly, this book embodies the research of think tank as the object of investigation, jumping out of specific social conditions, using systemic thoughts, thinking about the more general role and characteristics of think tanks from the theoretical level, important theoretical issues such as principles and logic systems that think tank research should follow.
- Published
- 2021
25. Interpreting Basic Statistics : A Workbook Based on Excerpts From Journal Articles
- Author
-
Keith S. Cox, Zealure C. Holcomb, Keith S. Cox, and Zealure C. Holcomb
- Subjects
- Social sciences--Statistical methods--Problems, exercises, etc, Sampling (Statistics), Statistics--Problems, exercises, etc
- Abstract
Interpreting Basic Statistics gives students valuable practice in interpreting statistical reporting as it actually appears in peer-reviewed journals. Features of the ninth edition: • Covers a broad array of basic statistical concepts, including topics drawn from the New Statistics • Up-to-date journal excerpts reflecting contemporary styles in statistical reporting • Strong emphasis on data visualization • Ancillary materials include data sets with almost two hours of accompanying tutorial videos, which will help students and instructors apply lessons from the book to real-life scenarios About this book Each of the 63 exercises in the book contain three central components: 1) an introduction to a statistical concept, 2) a brief excerpt from a published research article that uses the statistical concept, and 3) a set of questions (with answers) that guides students into deeper learning about the concept. The questions on the journal excerpts promote learning by helping students • interpret information in tables and figures,• perform simple calculations to further their interpretations, • critique data-reporting techniques, and • evaluate procedures used to collect data. The questions in each exercise are divided into two parts: (1) Factual Questions and (2) Questions for Discussion. The Factual Questions require careful reading for details, while the discussion questions show that interpreting statistics is more than a mathematical exercise. These questions require students to apply good judgment as well as statistical reasoning in arriving at appropriate interpretations. Each exercise covers a limited number of topics, making it easy to coordinate the exercises with lectures or a traditional statistics textbook.
- Published
- 2021
26. R Companion for Sampling : Design and Analysis, Third Edition
- Author
-
Yan Lu, Sharon L. Lohr, Yan Lu, and Sharon L. Lohr
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), R (Computer program language)
- Abstract
The R Companion for Sampling: Design and Analysis, designed to be read alongside Sampling: Design and Analysis, Third Edition by Sharon L. Lohr (SDA; 2022, CRC Press), shows how to use functions in base R and contributed packages to perform calculations for the examples in SDA. No prior experience with R is needed. Chapter 1 tells you how to obtain R and RStudio, introduces basic features of the R statistical software environment, and helps you get started with analyzing data. Each subsequent chapter provides step-by-step guidance for working through the data examples in the corresponding chapter of SDA, with code, output, and interpretation. Tips and warnings help you develop good programming practices and avoid common survey data analysis errors. R features and functions are introduced as they are needed so you can see how each type of sample is selected and analyzed. Each chapter builds on the knowledge developed earlier for simpler designs; after finishing the book, you will know how to use R to select and analyze almost any type of probability sample. All R code and data sets used in this book are available online to help you develop your skills analyzing survey data from social and public opinion research, public health, crime, education, business, agriculture, and ecology.
- Published
- 2021
27. CRAN Recipes : DPLYR, Stringr, Lubridate, and RegEx in R
- Author
-
William Yarberry and William Yarberry
- Subjects
- Programming languages (Electronic computers), Computer science, Quantitative research, Mathematical statistics—Data processing, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Want to use the power of R sooner rather than later? Don't have time to plow through wordy texts and online manuals? Use this book for quick, simple code to get your projects up and running. It includes code and examples applicable to many disciplines. Written in everyday language with a minimum of complexity, each chapter provides the building blocks you need to fit R's astounding capabilities to your analytics, reporting, and visualization needs. CRAN Recipes recognizes how needless jargon and complexity get in your way. Busy professionals need simple examples and intuitive descriptions; side trips and meandering philosophical discussions are left for other books. Here R scripts are condensed, to the extent possible, to copy-paste-run format. Chapters and examples are structured to purpose rather than particular functions (e.g., “dirty data cleanup” rather than the R package name “janitor”). Everyday language eliminatesthe need to know functions/packages in advance. What You Will LearnCarry out input/output; visualizations; data munging; manipulations at the group level; and quick data explorationHandle forecasting (multivariate, time series, logistic regression, Facebook's Prophet, and others)Use text analytics; sampling; financial analysis; and advanced pattern matching (regex)Manipulate data using DPLYR: filter, sort, summarize, add new fields to datasets, and apply powerful IF functionsCreate combinations or subsets of files using joinsWrite efficient code using pipes to eliminate intermediate steps (MAGRITTR) Work with string/character manipulation of all types (STRINGR)Discover counts, patterns, and how to locate whole wordsDo wild-card matching, extraction, and invert-matchWork with dates using LUBRIDATEFix dirty data; attractive formatting; bad habits to avoid Who This Book Is For Programmers/data scientists with at least some prior exposure to R.
- Published
- 2021
28. Sampling Designs Dependent on Sample Parameters of Auxiliary Variables
- Author
-
Janusz L. Wywiał and Janusz L. Wywiał
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Mathematical statistics
- Abstract
This short monograph provides a synthesis of new research on sampling designs that are dependent on sample moments or the order statistics of auxiliary variables. The range of survey sampling methods and their applications has gradually increased over time, and these applications have led to new theoretical solutions that provide better sampling designs or estimators. Recently, several important properties of sampling designs have been discovered, and many new methods have been published. Offering an overview of these developments, this book describes sampling designs dependent on the sample generalized variance of auxiliary variables, examines properties of sampling designs proportional to functions of sample order statistics of the auxiliary variable, and takes into account continuous sampling designs. The text will be useful for students and statisticians whose work involves survey sampling, and it will inspire those looking for new sampling designs dependent on auxiliary variables.
- Published
- 2021
29. Randomization, Bootstrap and Monte Carlo Methods in Biology
- Author
-
Bryan F.J. Manly, Jorge A. Navarro Alberto, Bryan F.J. Manly, and Jorge A. Navarro Alberto
- Subjects
- Biometry, Monte Carlo method, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Modern computer-intensive statistical methods play a key role in solving many problems across a wide range of scientific disciplines. Like its bestselling predecessors, the fourth edition of Randomization, Bootstrap and Monte Carlo Methods in Biology illustrates a large number of statistical methods with an emphasis on biological applications. The focus is now on the use of randomization, bootstrapping, and Monte Carlo methods in constructing confidence intervals and doing tests of significance. The text provides comprehensive coverage of computer-intensive applications, with data sets available online.Features Presents an overview of computer-intensive statistical methods and applications in biology Covers a wide range of methods including bootstrap, Monte Carlo, ANOVA, regression, and Bayesian methods Makes it easy for biologists, researchers, and students to understand the methods used Provides information about computer programs and packages to implement calculations, particularly using R code Includes a large number of real examples from a range of biological disciplines Written in an accessible style, with minimal coverage of theoretical details, this book provides an excellent introduction to computer-intensive statistical methods for biological researchers. It can be used as a course text for graduate students, as well as a reference for researchers from a range of disciplines. The detailed, worked examples of real applications will enable practitioners to apply the methods to their own biological data.
- Published
- 2021
30. Sampling : Design and Analysis
- Author
-
Sharon L. Lohr and Sharon L. Lohr
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
'The level is appropriate for an upper-level undergraduate or graduate-level statistics major. Sampling: Design and Analysis (SDA) will also benefit a non-statistics major with a desire to understand the concepts of sampling from a finite population. A student with patience to delve into the rigor of survey statistics will gain even more from the content that SDA offers. The updates to SDA have potential to enrich traditional survey sampling classes at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. The new discussions of low response rates, non-probability surveys, and internet as a data collection mode hold particular value, as these statistical issues have become increasingly important in survey practice in recent years… I would eagerly adopt the new edition of SDA as the required textbook.'(Emily Berg, Iowa State University)What is the unemployment rate? What is the total area of land planted with soybeans? How many persons have antibodies to the virus causing COVID-19? Sampling: Design and Analysis, Third Edition shows you how to design and analyze surveys to answer these and other questions. This authoritative text, used as a standard reference by numerous survey organizations, teaches the principles of sampling with examples from social sciences, public opinion research, public health, business, agriculture, and ecology. Readers should be familiar with concepts from an introductory statistics class including probability and linear regression; optional sections contain statistical theory for readers familiar with mathematical statistics.Key Features: Has been thoroughly revised to incorporate recent research and applications. Includes a new chapter on nonprobability samples, and more than 200 new examples and exercises have been added. Teaches the principles of sampling with examples from social sciences, public opinion research, public health, business, agriculture, and ecology. SDA's companion website contains data sets, computer code, and links to two free downloadable supplementary books (also available in paperback) that provide step-by-step guides—with code, annotated output, and helpful tips—for working through the SDA examples. Instructors can use either R or SAS® software. SAS® Software Companion for Sampling: Design and Analysis, Third Edition by Sharon L. Lohr (2022, CRC Press) R Companion for Sampling: Design and Analysis, Third Edition by Yan Lu and Sharon L. Lohr (2022, CRC Press)
- Published
- 2021
31. Advanced Sampling Methods
- Author
-
Raosaheb Latpate, Jayant Kshirsagar, Vinod Kumar Gupta, Girish Chandra, Raosaheb Latpate, Jayant Kshirsagar, Vinod Kumar Gupta, and Girish Chandra
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This book discusses all major topics on survey sampling and estimation. It covers traditional as well as advanced sampling methods related to the spatial populations. The book presents real-world applications of major sampling methods and illustrates them with the R software. As a large sample size is not cost-efficient, this book introduces a new method by using the domain knowledge of the negative correlation between the variable of interest and the auxiliary variable in order to control the size of a sample. In addition, the book focuses on adaptive cluster sampling, rank-set sampling and their applications in real life. Advance methods discussed in the book have tremendous applications in ecology, environmental science, health science, forestry, bio-sciences, and humanities. This book is targeted as a text for undergraduate and graduate students of statistics, as well as researchers in various disciplines.
- Published
- 2021
32. Sampling and Estimation From Finite Populations
- Author
-
Yves Tille and Yves Tille
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
A much-needed reference on survey sampling and its applications that presents the latest advances in the field Seeking to show that sampling theory is a living discipline with a very broad scope, this book examines the modern development of the theory of survey sampling and the foundations of survey sampling. It offers readers a critical approach to the subject and discusses putting theory into practice. It also explores the treatment of non-sampling errors featuring a range of topics from the problems of coverage to the treatment of non-response. In addition, the book includes real examples, applications, and a large set of exercises with solutions. Sampling and Estimation from Finite Populations begins with a look at the history of survey sampling. It then offers chapters on: population, sample, and estimation; simple and systematic designs; stratification; sampling with unequal probabilities; balanced sampling; cluster and two-stage sampling; and other topics on sampling, such as spatial sampling, coordination in repeated surveys, and multiple survey frames. The book also includes sections on: post-stratification and calibration on marginal totals; calibration estimation; estimation of complex parameters; variance estimation by linearization; and much more. Provides an up-to-date review of the theory of sampling Discusses the foundation of inference in survey sampling, in particular, the model-based and design-based frameworks Reviews the problems of application of the theory into practice Also deals with the treatment of non sampling errors Sampling and Estimation from Finite Populations is an excellent book for methodologists and researchers in survey agencies and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in social science, statistics, and survey courses.
- Published
- 2020
33. Sampling Techniques for Supervised or Unsupervised Tasks
- Author
-
Frédéric Ros, Serge Guillaume, Frédéric Ros, and Serge Guillaume
- Subjects
- Data mining, Big data, Computational intelligence, Sampling (Statistics), Algorithms, Pattern perception, Computer algorithms
- Abstract
This book describes in detail sampling techniques that can be used for unsupervised and supervised cases, with a focus on sampling techniques for machine learning algorithms. It covers theory and models of sampling methods for managing scalability and the “curse of dimensionality”, their implementations, evaluations, and applications. A large part of the book is dedicated to database comprising standard feature vectors, and a special section is reserved to the handling of more complex objects and dynamic scenarios. The book is ideal for anyone teaching or learning pattern recognition and interesting teaching or learning pattern recognition and is interested in the big data challenge. It provides an accessible introduction to the field and discusses the state of the art concerning sampling techniques for supervised and unsupervised task.Provides a comprehensive description of sampling techniques for unsupervised and supervised tasks;Describe implementationand evaluation of algorithms that simultaneously manage scalable problems and curse of dimensionality;Addresses the role of sampling in dynamic scenarios, sampling when dealing with complex objects, and new challenges arising from big data.'This book represents a timely collection of state-of-the art research of sampling techniques, suitable for anyone who wants to become more familiar with these helpful techniques for tackling the big data challenge.'M. Emre Celebi, Ph.D., Professor and Chair, Department of Computer Science, University of Central Arkansas'In science the difficulty is not to have ideas, but it is to make them work'From Carlo Rovelli
- Published
- 2020
34. Measuring Teachers’ Beliefs Quantitatively : Criticizing the Use of Likert Scale and Offering a New Approach
- Author
-
Safrudiannur and Safrudiannur
- Subjects
- Mathematics—Study and teaching, Mathematics, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
The use of Likert scale instruments for measuring teachers'beliefs is criticized because of amplifying social desirability, reducing the willingness to make differentiations, and often providing less or no contexts. Those weaknesses may distort teachers'responses to a Likert scale instrument, causing inconsistencies between their responses and their actions. Therefore, the author offers an alternative approach by employing rank-then-rate items and considering students'abilities as one of the factors affecting teachers'beliefs. The results confirm that the offered approach may give a better prediction about teachers'beliefs than does a Likert scale instrument.
- Published
- 2020
35. Audit Guide : Sampling 2019
- Author
-
AICPA and AICPA
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Auditing
- Abstract
Updated as of December 1, 2019, this guide continues to be an indispensable resource packed with information on sampling requirements and methods. It introduces statistical and nonstatistical sampling approaches, and features case studies illustrating the use of different sampling methods, including classical variables sampling and monetary unit sampling, in real-world situations.
- Published
- 2020
36. Theory of Sample Surveys and Statistical Decisions
- Author
-
Kushwaha K.S. & Rajesh Kumar and Kushwaha K.S. & Rajesh Kumar
- Subjects
- Statistics, Distribution (Probability theory), Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
The book entitled “The Theory of Samples Surveys and Statistical Decisions” is useful to all the P.G. and Ph.D. students and faculty members of statistics, agricultural statistics and engineering, social; science and biological sciences. It is also useful to those students who have to appear in competitive examinations with statistic as a subject in the state P.S.C's, U.P.S.C., A.S.R.B and I.S.S etc. this book is the outcome of 25 years of teaching experience to U.G., P.G. and Ph.D. students
- Published
- 2020
37. Sampling: Theory and Applications : A Centennial Celebration of Claude Shannon
- Author
-
Stephen D. Casey, Kasso A. Okoudjou, Michael Robinson, Brian M. Sadler, Stephen D. Casey, Kasso A. Okoudjou, Michael Robinson, and Brian M. Sadler
- Subjects
- Image processing--Mathematics, Signal processing--Mathematics, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
The chapters of this volume are based on talks given at the eleventh international Sampling Theory and Applications conference held in 2015 at American University in Washington, D.C. The papers highlight state-of-the-art advances and trends in sampling theory and related areas of application, such as signal and image processing. Chapters have been written by prominent mathematicians, applied scientists, and engineers with an expertise in sampling theory. Claude Shannon's 100th birthday is also celebrated, including an introductory essay that highlights Shannon's profound influence on the field. The topics covered include both theory and applications, such as:•Compressed sensing•Non-uniform and wave sampling•A-to-D conversion•Finite rate of innovation•Time-frequency analysis•Operator theory•Mobile sampling issuesSampling: Theory and Applications is ideal for mathematicians, engineers, and applied scientists working in sampling theory or related areas.
- Published
- 2020
38. Sampling Theory and Practice
- Author
-
Changbao Wu, Mary E. Thompson, Changbao Wu, and Mary E. Thompson
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
The three parts of this book on survey methodology combine an introduction to basic sampling theory, engaging presentation of topics that reflect current research trends, and informed discussion of the problems commonly encountered in survey practice. These related aspects of survey methodology rarely appear together under a single connected roof, making this book a unique combination of materials for teaching, research and practice in survey sampling. Basic knowledge of probability theory and statistical inference is assumed, but no prior exposure to survey sampling is required. The first part focuses on the design-based approach to finite population sampling. It contains a rigorous coverage of basic sampling designs, related estimation theory, model-based prediction approach, and model-assisted estimation methods. The second part stems from original research conducted by the authors as well as important methodological advances in the field during the past threedecades. Topics include calibration weighting methods, regression analysis and survey weighted estimating equation (EE) theory, longitudinal surveys and generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis, variance estimation and resampling techniques, empirical likelihood methods for complex surveys, handling missing data and non-response, and Bayesian inference for survey data. The third part provides guidance and tools on practical aspects of large-scale surveys, such as training and quality control, frame construction, choices of survey designs, strategies for reducing non-response, and weight calculation. These procedures are illustrated through real-world surveys. Several specialized topics are also discussed in detail, including household surveys, telephone and web surveys, natural resource inventory surveys, adaptive and network surveys, dual-frame and multiple frame surveys, and analysis of non-probability survey samples. This book is a self-contained introduction to survey sampling that provides a strong theoretical base with coverage of current research trends and pragmatic guidance and tools for conducting surveys.
- Published
- 2020
39. Paradigms and Fairy Tales : Volume 1
- Author
-
Julienne Ford and Julienne Ford
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Meaning (Philosophy), Sociology--Methodology, Reality
- Abstract
This book is an introduction to the epistemology and practice of social science. It provides an exposition and critique of the ideology and practice of social science, and an examination of the professional social scientist as a manipulator of ideas and appearances.
- Published
- 2020
40. Determining Sample Size and Power in Research Studies : A Manual for Researchers
- Author
-
J. P. Verma, Priyam Verma, J. P. Verma, and Priyam Verma
- Subjects
- Experimental design, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This book addresses sample size and power in the context of research, offering valuable insights for graduate and doctoral students as well as researchers in any discipline where data is generated to investigate research questions. It explains how to enhance the authenticity of research by estimating the sample size and reporting the power of the tests used. Further, it discusses the issue of sample size determination in survey studies as well as in hypothesis testing experiments so that readers can grasp the concept of statistical errors, minimum detectable difference, effect size, one-tail and two-tail tests and the power of the test. The book also highlights the importance of fixing these boundary conditions in enhancing the authenticity of research findings and improving the chances of research papers being accepted by respected journals. Further, it explores the significance of sample size by showing the power achieved in selected doctoral studies. Procedure has been discussed to fix power in the hypothesis testing experiment. One should usually have power at least 0.8 in the study because having power less than this will have the issue of practical significance of findings. If the power in any study is less than 0.5 then it would be better to test the hypothesis by tossing a coin instead of organizing the experiment. It also discusses determining sample size and power using the freeware G•Power software, based on twenty-one examples using different analyses, like t-test, parametric and non-parametric correlations, multivariate regression, logistic regression, independent and repeated measures ANOVA, mixed design, MANOVA and chi-square.
- Published
- 2020
41. Lattice Point Identities and Shannon-Type Sampling
- Author
-
Willi Freeden, M. Zuhair Nashed, Willi Freeden, and M. Zuhair Nashed
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Lattice theory
- Abstract
Lattice Point Identities and Shannon-Type Sampling demonstrates that significant roots of many recent facets of Shannon's sampling theorem for multivariate signals rest on basic number-theoretic results. This book leads the reader through a research excursion, beginning from the Gaussian circle problem of the early nineteenth century, via the classical Hardy-Landau lattice point identity and the Hardy conjecture of the first half of the twentieth century, and the Shannon sampling theorem (its variants, generalizations and the fascinating stories about the cardinal series) of the second half of the twentieth century. The authors demonstrate how all these facets have resulted in new multivariate extensions of lattice point identities and Shannon-type sampling procedures of high practical applicability, thereby also providing a general reproducing kernel Hilbert space structure of an associated Paley-Wiener theory over (potato-like) bounded regions (cf. the cover illustration of the geoid), as well as the whole Euclidean space. All in all, the context of this book represents the fruits of cross-fertilization of various subjects, namely elliptic partial differential equations, Fourier inversion theory, constructive approximation involving Euler and Poisson summation formulas, inverse problems reflecting the multivariate antenna problem, and aspects of analytic and geometric number theory. Features: New convergence criteria for alternating series in multi-dimensional analysis Self-contained development of lattice point identities of analytic number theory Innovative lattice point approach to Shannon sampling theory Useful for students of multivariate constructive approximation, and indeed anyone interested in the applicability of signal processing to inverse problems.
- Published
- 2020
42. Survey Sampling
- Author
-
Arijit Chaudhuri and Arijit Chaudhuri
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This venture aspires to be a mix of a textbook at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels and a monograph to catch the attention of researchers in theoretical and practical aspects of survey sampling at diverse levels demanding a comprehensive review of what useful materials have preceded, with an eye to what beacons to the depth of the imminent future.
- Published
- 2019
43. Ranked Set Sampling : 65 Years Improving the Accuracy in Data Gathering
- Author
-
Carlos N. Bouza-Herrera, Amer Ibrahim Falah Al-Omari, Carlos N. Bouza-Herrera, and Amer Ibrahim Falah Al-Omari
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Ranking and selection (Statistics)
- Abstract
Ranked Set Sampling: 65 Years Improving the Accuracy in Data Gathering is an advanced survey technique which seeks to improve the likelihood that collected sample data presents a good representation of the population and minimizes the costs associated with obtaining them. The main focus of many agricultural, ecological and environmental studies is the development of well designed, cost-effective and efficient sampling designs, giving RSS techniques a particular place in resolving the disciplinary problems of economists in application contexts, particularly experimental economics. This book seeks to place RSS at the heart of economic study designs. Focuses on how researchers should manipulate RSS techniques for specific applications Discusses RSS performs in popular statistical models, such as regression and hypothesis testing Includes a discussion of open theoretical research problems Provides mathematical proofs, enabling researchers to develop new models
- Published
- 2019
44. The Econometrics of Complex Survey Data : Theory and Applications
- Author
-
Kim P. Huynh, David T. Jacho-Chavez, Gautam Tripathi, Kim P. Huynh, David T. Jacho-Chavez, and Gautam Tripathi
- Subjects
- Econometrics, Sampling (Statistics), Social surveys--Methodology
- Abstract
This volume of Advances in Econometrics contains a selection of papers presented at the'Econometrics of Complex Survey Data: Theory and Applications'conference organized by the Bank of Canada, Ottawa, Canada, from October 19-20, 2017. The papers included in this volume span a range of methodological and practical topics including survey collection comparisons, imputation mechanisms, the bootstrap, nonparametric techniques, specification tests, and empirical likelihood estimation using complex survey data. For academics and students with an interest in econometrics and the ways in which complex survey data can be used and evaluated, this volume is essential.
- Published
- 2019
45. DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS AND SAMPLING METHODS
- Author
-
Bhuyan, K. C. and Bhuyan, K. C.
- Subjects
- Research--Methodology, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Out of twenty-one chapters of the book first ten chapters are dedicated to the topics of design of experiments while last eleven chapters cover the aspects of sampling methods. The book is meant for the students of Statistics. However, the applied research workers in any field may use the book for analysing the experimental data. All theoretical discussions are amply supported by examples here.
- Published
- 2019
46. Sampling : Design and Analysis
- Author
-
Sharon L. Lohr and Sharon L. Lohr
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
This edition is a reprint of the second edition published by Cengage Learning, Inc. Reprinted with permission. What is the unemployment rate? How many adults have high blood pressure? What is the total area of land planted with soybeans? Sampling: Design and Analysis tells you how to design and analyze surveys to answer these and other questions. This authoritative text, used as a standard reference by numerous survey organizations, teaches sampling using real data sets from social sciences, public opinion research, medicine, public health, economics, agriculture, ecology, and other fields. The book is accessible to students from a wide range of statistical backgrounds. By appropriate choice of sections, it can be used for a graduate class for statistics students or for a class with students from business, sociology, psychology, or biology. Readers should be familiar with concepts from an introductory statistics class including linear regression; optional sections contain the statistical theory, for readers who have studied mathematical statistics. Distinctive features include: More than 450 exercises. In each chapter, Introductory Exercises develop skills, Working with Data Exercises give practice with data from surveys, Working with Theory Exercises allow students to investigate statistical properties of estimators, and Projects and Activities Exercises integrate concepts. A solutions manual is available. An emphasis on survey design. Coverage of simple random, stratified, and cluster sampling; ratio estimation; constructing survey weights; jackknife and bootstrap; nonresponse; chi-squared tests and regression analysis. Graphing data from surveys. Computer code using SAS® software. Online supplements containing data sets, computer programs, and additional material. Sharon Lohr, the author of Measuring Crime: Behind the Statistics, has published widely about survey sampling and statistical methods for education, public policy, law, and crime. She has been recognized as Fellow of the American Statistical Association, elected member of the International Statistical Institute, and recipient of the Gertrude M. Cox Statistics Award and the Deming Lecturer Award. Formerly Dean's Distinguished Professor of Statistics at Arizona State University and a Vice President at Westat, she is now a freelance statistical consultant and writer. Visit her website at www.sharonlohr.com.
- Published
- 2019
47. An Introduction to Survey Research, Volume II : Carrying Out the Survey
- Author
-
Ernest L. Cowles, Edward Nelson, Ernest L. Cowles, and Edward Nelson
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Social surveys--Methodology, Questionnaires--Design
- Abstract
Survey research is a powerful tool to help understand how and why individuals behave the way they do. Properly conducted, surveys can provide accurate insights into areas such as attitudes, opinions, motivations, and values, which serve as the drivers of individual behavior. This two-volume book is intended to introduce fundamentals of good survey research to students and practitioners of the survey process as well as end-users of survey information. This second volume focuses on carrying out a survey— including how to formulate survey questions, steps that researchers must use when conducting the survey, and impacts of rapidly changing technology on survey design and execution. The authors conclude with an important, but often neglected aspect of surveys—the presentation of results in different formats appropriate to different audiences.
- Published
- 2019
48. An Introduction to Survey Research, Volume I : The Basics of Survey Research
- Author
-
Ernest L. Cowles, Edward Nelson, Ernest L. Cowles, and Edward Nelson
- Subjects
- Questionnaires--Design, Social surveys, Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Survey research is a powerful tool used in business, health care, government, and other fields that seek to understand how and why individuals behave the way they do. Properly conducted, surveys can provide accurate insights into areas such as attitudes, opinions, motivations, and values that serve as the drivers of individual behavior. This two-volume set is intended to introduce fundamentals of good survey research to students and practitioners of the survey process as well as end users of survey information. It describes key survey components needed to design, understand, and use surveys effectively and avoid the pitfalls stemming from bad survey construction and inappropriate methods. In this first volume, the authors concentrate on the fundamentals of survey development and design as well as provide a review of key components in survey.
- Published
- 2019
49. Théorie des sondages - 2e éd.
- Author
-
Yves Tillé and Yves Tillé
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics)
- Abstract
Cet ouvrage dresse un panorama général et cohérent des méthodes statistiques permettant de réaliser les différentes étapes d'une enquête par sondage. Le fil conducteur est l'utilisation de l'information auxiliaire qui permet de concevoir des plans de sondage performants et d'améliorer les estimations des paramètres.Le cours, progressif et très pédagogique, est complété par des exercices avec solutions.Cette nouvelle édition a été entièrement refondue et actualisée.
- Published
- 2019
50. Computational Complexity of Counting and Sampling
- Author
-
Istvan Miklos and Istvan Miklos
- Subjects
- Sampling (Statistics), Computational complexity
- Abstract
Computational Complexity of Counting and Sampling provides readers with comprehensive and detailed coverage of the subject of computational complexity. It is primarily geared toward researchers in enumerative combinatorics, discrete mathematics, and theoretical computer science.The book covers the following topics: Counting and sampling problems that are solvable in polynomial running time, including holographic algorithms; #P-complete counting problems; and approximation algorithms for counting and sampling.First, it opens with the basics, such as the theoretical computer science background and dynamic programming algorithms. Later, the book expands its scope to focus on advanced topics, like stochastic approximations of counting discrete mathematical objects and holographic algorithms. After finishing the book, readers will agree that the subject is well covered, as the book starts with the basics and gradually explores the more complex aspects of the topic.Features: Each chapter includes exercises and solutions Ideally written for researchers and scientists Covers all aspects of the topic, beginning with a solid introduction, before shifting to computational complexity's more advanced features, with a focus on counting and sampling
- Published
- 2019
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