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Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed on the cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) of the tumor stroma. Recently, we reported the preclinical evaluation and clinical biokinetics of a novel 99mTc-labeled FAP inhibitor radioligand ([99mTc]Tc-iFAP). This research aimed to evaluate [99mTc]Tc-iFAP for the tumor stroma imaging of six different cancerous entities and analyze them from the perspective of stromal heterogeneity. [99mTc]Tc-iFAP was prepared from freeze-dried kits with a radiochemical purity of 98 ± 1%. The study included thirty-two patients diagnosed with glioma (n = 5); adrenal cortex neuroendocrine tumor (n = 1); and breast (n = 21), lung (n = 2), colorectal (n = 1) and cervical (n = 3) cancer. Patients with glioma had been evaluated with a previous cranial MRI scan and the rest of the patients had been involved in a [18F]FDG PET/CT study. All oncological diagnoses were corroborated histopathologically. The patients underwent SPECT/CT brain imaging (glioma) or thoracoabdominal imaging 1 h after [99mTc]Tc-iFAP administration (i.v., 735 ± 63 MBq). The total lesions (n = 111) were divided into three categories: primary tumors (PT), lymph node metastases (LNm), and distant metastases (Dm). [99mTc]Tc-iFAP brain imaging was positive in four high-grade WHO III–IV gliomas and negative in one treatment-naive low-grade glioma. Both [99mTc]Tc-iFAP and [18F]FDG detected 26 (100%) PT, although the number of positive LNm and Dm was significantly higher with [18F]FDG [82 (96%)], in comparison to [99mTc]Tc-iFAP imaging (35 (41%)). Peritoneal carcinomatosis lesions in a patient with recurrent colorectal cancer were only visualized with [99mTc]Tc-iFAP. In patients with breast cancer, a significant positive correlation was demonstrated among [99mTc]Tc-iFAP uptake values (Bq/cm3) of PT and the molecular subtype, being higher for subtypes HER2+ and Luminal B HER2-enriched. Four different CAF subpopulations have previously been described for LNm of breast cancer (from CAF-S1 to CAF-S4). The only subpopulation that expresses FAP is CAF-S1, which is preferentially detected in aggressive subtypes (HER2 and triple-negative), confirming that FAP+ is a marker for poor disease prognosis. The results of this pilot clinical research show that [99mTc]Tc-iFAP SPECT imaging is a promising tool in the prognostic assessment of some solid tumors, particularly breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Actinomycosis is a rare infection, frequently misdiagnosed as a neoplasia. This chronic and granulomatous disease is caused by Actinomyces israelii species. Cervicofacial actinomycosis occurs in 60% of cases and the diagnosis is commonly made by histopathology study. Case Description: We report a case of fronto-orbital osteomyelitis initially misdiagnosed as a cranial bone meningioma, but later proved to be a case of actinomycosis. 99mTechnetium (99mTc) three-phase bone singlephoton emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and 99mTc-ubiquicidin (UBI) 29-41 bone SPECT/CT scans were performed to corroborate the control of the infection. Conclusion: Craniofacial actinomycosis is the most common presentation of actinomycosis. However, it continues to be a rare and difficult disease to diagnose and is often confused with a neoplastic process. The 99mTc-UBI 29-41 bone SPECT/CT scan could be an auxiliary noninvasive diagnostic alternative and a follow-up method for these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bobble-head doll syndrome (BHDS) is a rare entity, characterized by antero-posterior head bobbing, which is of the type 'yes-yes.' Less frequently, having a head movement of the type 'no-no' is described. We report an unusual case of an 80-year-old man with a cystic mass of the lamina quadrigemina, extending to the posterior fossa. We conclude that ventriculocystocisternotomy associated with a cystoperitoneal shunt is an effective treatment for a symptomatic giant arachnoid cyst in the lamina quadrigemina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos de Neurociencias is the property of Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Departamento de Publicaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) represents one of the most frequent types of intracranial hemorrhage. A standard surgical procedure is not available for each individual condition, and treatment options are often different at each institution. Therefore, management of CSH may represent a real challenge in the decision-making process of choosing a burr hole drainage instead of a large craniotomy in certain cases with borderline features. Prognosis depends directly on the appropriate selection of the surgical procedure. In this study we included 100 patients with CSH in order to analyze surgical results. The majority of the hematomas had a frontoparietal location in both cerebral hemispheres. The procedure of choice was usually a burr hole drainage in most cases. We found incomplete drainage in 18% of cases, each of which underwent a new surgical procedure and pneumoencephalus in 11% of cases. Mortality was 2%, which was less than reported in previous studies.