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Objective: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered as a major type of cancer of the kidney and is estimated to account for about 2-3% of all malignancies in adults. DNA repair mechanisms play a crucial role in defending genomic integrity against DNA damage, and defects in DNA repair mechanisms are associated with cancer susceptibility. The XRCC3 gene plays a pivotal role in the DNA repair system through homologous recombination and chromosomal activity. Therefore, our research aimed to clarify whether XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism affects the initiation and progression of RCC. Materials and Methods: This study included 129 patients with RCC and 212 healthy individuals. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was employed to analyze XRCC3 Thr241Met gene polymorphism using SPSS 23 software to facilitate data analysis. Results: Our results revealed no remarkable differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of the Thr241Met polymorphism of XRCC3 between the patient and control groups. However, a greater risk of RCC was reported for the variant (Met/Met) genotype of XRCC3 gene polymorphism, particularly among smokers. Conclusion: Although the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism may not significantly influence RCC initiation and progression in a Turkish population, smoking seems to amplify the risk associated with the (Met/Met) genotype of XRCC3 gene polymorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the role of [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT and uptake patterns of primary and metastatic lesions in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: Twenty patients with a suspicious lesion considered primary renal malignancy or a history of RCC were included in our study. Two patients were excluded from further analyses due to other confirmed malignancies. Six patients were newly diagnosed, while the indication of 12 patients was restaging. All patients underwent [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]F-FDG PET/CT. SUVmax and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) of primary (n = 7) and local recurrent lesions (n = 6) and lymph node (n = 26), lung (n = 32), bone (n = 5), and other metastases (n = 14) were compared between the two tracers. Results: We detected 90 lesions in 18 patients with varying FAPI and FDG uptake values on both PET/CT. The median TBR of FAPI-PET/CT of all lesions was higher than TBR of FDG-PET/CT with statistically significance (5.6 vs. 2.1, p < 0.001). In primary and recurrent lesions, the median SUVmax, TBR, and tumor volume on FAPI-PET/CT were higher than FDG-PET/CT. The median SUVmax of lung lesions on FAPI-PET/CT was statistical significantly higher than FDG-SUVmax (3.8 vs. 1.8, p = 0.02). The median of FAPI-SUVmax on primary lesions was lower in the early stage based on TNM compared to the advanced stage. FAPI-SUVmax in 49% of all lesions were SUVmax ≥ 6, and 13% were SUVmax ≥ 10. In patient-based analyses, seven patients (39%) had at least one lesion with FAPI-SUVmax ≥ 10; 12 patients (67%) had at least one lesion with FAPI-SUVmax ≥ 6. Conclusion: This study showed the potential utility of [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT showing promising results in RCC. We have presumed that FAPI-PET/CT may be performed for complementary imaging modality providing prognosis and possibility of theranostic application in selected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We aimed to evaluate the impact of the resection technique (tumor enucleation (TE) or standard partial nephrectomy (SPN)) on trifecta outcomes in patients having undergone partial nephrectomy (PN). We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathologic parameters in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (pT1–2N0M0) who had undergone PN between January 2001–December 2018 at one of 15 different tertiary referral centers. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate independent predictors of trifecta failure, decreased postoperative renal functions (decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 10%), perioperative complications (Clavien–Dindo > 1), and positive surgical margins. A total of 1070 patients with a mean age 56.11 ± 11.88 years were included in our study. PN was performed with TE in 848 (79.25%) and SPN in 222 (20.75%) patients. Trifecta failure rate was 56.2% for TE and 64.4% for SPN (p = 0.028). On multivariable analysis, TE was associated with less trifecta failure (p = 0.025) and eGFR decrease >10% rates (p = 0.024). On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between TE and SPN according to positive surgical margins (p = 0.450) and complication > Clavien-Dindo grade 1 (p = 0.888) rates. The only independent predictive factor for complications > Clavien–Dindo 1 was the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (p = 0.001). TE is associated with less trifecta failure than SPN. This result is mainly due to better preservation of renal function with TE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]