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128 results on '"Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178)"'

1. Physical Activity in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review

Author: Melissa Rizk, Jeanne Duclos, Lama Mattar, Laurence Kern, Sylvie Berthoz, Nathalie Godart, Odile Viltart, Université de Lille, LillOA, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Natural Sciences [Lebanese American University] (NS/SAS/LAU), School of Arts and Sciences [Lebanese American University] (SAS/LAU), Lebanese American University (LAU)-Lebanese American University (LAU), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire en Neurosciences, Physiologie et psychologie (LINP2), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris (IMM), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm - Paris Descartes), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut mutualiste Monsouris (IMM), Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Santé mentale et santé publique [SMSP - U1178], Department of Natural Sciences [Lebanese American University] [NS/SAS/LAU], Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire en Neurosciences, Physiologie et psychologie [LINP2], Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris [IMM], Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris [IPNP - U1266 Inserm - Paris Descartes], and Institut mutualiste Monsouris [IMM]
Subjects: Adult, Male, 050103 clinical psychology, Anorexia Nervosa, Adolescent, physical activity, lcsh:TX341-641, Review, eating disorders, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Bulimia Nervosa, Exercise, Depression (differential diagnoses), Compulsive Behavior, Female, problematic use of physical activity, review, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Anhedonia, Cognition, [SCCO] Cognitive science, respiratory system, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Eating disorders, Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses), Anxiety, medicine.symptom, business, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Body mass index, Food Science, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; Abnormally high levels of physical activity have been documented throughout the literature in patients with eating disorders (ED), especially those diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN). Yet no clear definition, conceptualization, or treatment of the problematic use of physical activity (PPA) in ED patients exists. The aim of this review is to propose a new classification of PPA, report the prevalence, triggers, predictors, maintainers and other related factors of PPA in ED patients, in addition to proposing a comprehensive model of the development of PPA in AN. A total of 47 articles, retrieved from Medline and Web of Science, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. As a result, the new approach of PPA was divided into two groups (group 1 and group 2) according to the dimension (quantitative vs qualitative approach) of physical activity that was evaluated. The prevalence of PPA in ED was reported in 20 out of 47 studies, the comparison of PPA between ED versus controls in 21 articles, and the links between PPA and psychological factors in ED in 26 articles, including depression (16/26), anxiety (13/26), obsessive-compulsiveness (9/26), self-esteem (4/26), addictiveness (1/26), regulation and verbal expression of emotions (1/26) and anhedonia (1/26). The links between PPA and ED symptomatology, PPA and weight, body mass index (BMI) and body composition in ED, PPA and age, onset, illness duration and lifetime activity status in ED, PPA and ED treatment outcome were reported in 18, 15, 7, 5 articles, respectively. All of the factors have been systematically clustered into group 1 and group 2. Results focused more on AN rather than BN due to the limited studies on the latter. Additionally, a model for the development of PPA in AN patients was proposed, encompassing five periods evolving into three clinical stages. Thus, two very opposite components of PPA in AN were suggested: voluntarily PPA increased in AN was viewed as a conscious strategy to maximize weight loss, while involuntarily PPA increased proportionally with weight-loss, indicating that exercise might be under the control of a subconscious biological drive and involuntary cognition.
Published: 2020

2. Combining green cards, telephone calls and postcards into an intervention algorithm to reduce suicide reattempt (algos): p-hoc analyses of an inconclusive randomized controlled trial

Author: Guillaume Vaiva, Stéphane Duhem, Charles-Edouard Notredame, Antoine Messiah, Anne-Laure Demarty, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CIC Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Innovation Technologique de Lille - CIC 1403 - CIC 9301 (CIC Lille), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), CHU Lille, CNRS, Université de Lille, Santé mentale et santé publique [SMSP - U1178], Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193, Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Innovation Technologique de Lille - CIC 1403 - CIC 9301 [CIC Lille], and Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab]
Subjects: Male, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Medical Doctors, Health Care Providers, Eating Disorders, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Postcards as Topic, Psychological intervention, Suicide, Attempted, Suicide prevention, law.invention, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Medical Personnel, 030212 general & internal medicine, Multidisciplinary, Pharmaceutics, Organic Compounds, Depression, Statistics, Middle Aged, Metaanalysis, 3. Good health, Suicide, Chemistry, Professions, Physical Sciences, Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Algorithms, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Science, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Treatment as usual, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Therapy, Hotlines, Physicians, Intervention (counseling), Mental Health and Psychiatry, Chi-square test, Humans, Statistical Methods, Suicide attempters, Suicide attempt, Mood Disorders, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Chemical Compounds, 030227 psychiatry, Health Care, Alcohols, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, People and Places, Physical therapy, Population Groupings, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Mathematics, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background Brief contact interventions (BCIs) might be reliable suicide prevention strategies. BCI efficacy trials, however, gave equivocal results. AlgoS trial is a composite BCI that yielded inconclusive results when analyzed with Intention-To-Treat strategy. In order to elicit intervention strengths and weaknesses, post-hoc analyses of AlgoS data were performed. Methods AlgoS was a randomized controlled trial conducted in 23 French hospitals. Suicide attempters were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (AlgoS) or the control group (Treatment as usual TAU). In the AlgoS arm, first-time suicide attempters received crisis cards; non first-time suicide attempters received a phone call, and post-cards if the call could not be completed, or if the participant was in crisis and/or non-compliant with the post-discharge treatment. An As Treated strategy, accounting for the actual intervention received, was combined with subgroup analyses. Results 1,040 patients were recruited and randomized into two groups of N = 520, from which 53 withdrew participation; 15 were excluded after inclusion/exclusion criteria reassessment. AlgoS first attempters were less likely to reiterate suicide attempt (SA) than their TAU counterparts at 6 and 13–14 months (RR [95% CI]: 0.46 [0.25–0.85] and 0.50 [0.31–0.81] respectively). AlgoS non-first attempters had similar SA rates as their TAU counterparts at 6 and 13–14 months (RR [95% CI]: 0.84 [0.57–1.25] and 1.00 [0.73–1.37] respectively). SA rates were dissimilar within the AlgoS non-first attempter group. Conclusions This new set of analysis suggests that crisis cards could be efficacious to prevent new SA attempts among first-time attempters, while phone calls were probably not significantly efficacious among multi-attempters. Importantly, phone calls were informative of new SA risk, thus a key component of future interventions.
Published: 2019

3. Changes in the number of suicide attempts in the NPC region since the start of VigilanS: First estimates

Author: Stéphane Duhem, Christophe Debien, A. Amariei, Antoine Messiah, M. Lardinois, A. Creton, Guillaume Vaiva, Anne-Laure Demarty, L. Plancke, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), CHU Lille, CNRS, Université de Lille, 415060|||Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab], Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab], and Santé mentale et santé publique [SMSP - U1178]
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 16. Peace & justice, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health
Abstract: La mise en place d’un dispositif de veille des suicidants est une étape très innovante dans l’évolution de notre système de soins. Il était intéressant de savoir si nous constations une diminution des tentatives de suicide dans la région. Nous tentons de mesurer ici l’évolution du nombre de tentatives de suicide avant et après l’implantation de VigilanS, en utilisant deux types d’analyse : une première à partir du programme médicalisé des systèmes d’information en médecine-chirurgie-obstétrique (PMSI-MCO) et une seconde à partir du recueil des passages aux urgences pour tentative de suicide dans les établissements de la région participants au dispositif. En 2014, un total de 10 119 passages aux urgences pour tentative de suicide était dénombré ; en 2017, le total était de 9,230 passages pour tentative de suicide, soit une diminution de 13,5 %. La diminution était équilibrée entre les hommes (−14 %) et les femmes (−10 %). À partir des chiffres du PMSI, nous constatons une accélération de la diminution des séjours pour tentative de suicide dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais après 2014 (−16 % au lieu de −6 %), au contraire des deux départements picards les plus comparables qui montrent une dégradation du phénomène (+13 %), et au contraire du département de l’Oise qui montre un maintien stable de la baisse en cours (−12 %). Les deux indicateurs retenus sont imparfaits, mais l’évolution sur trois ans depuis l’implantation de VigilanS va dans le même sens. Nous constatons un décrochage des séjours hospitaliers en relation avec une tentative de suicide. The implementation of a surveillance program after a suicide attempt (SA) is a very innovative step in the evolution of our system of care. It was interesting to know if we observe a decline in suicide attempts in the region, in particular of recurrences of SA. We measured the evolution of the number of suicide attempts before and after implantation of VigilanS, using two types of analysis: a first from the national medical information systems in Medicine-Surgery-Obstetrics (PMSI-MCO) and a second from the collection of the ER stays for SA in the hospitals involved in the VigilanS program. In 2014 (year before start of VigilanS), a total of 10 119 ER stays for SA was observed (5626 women and4463 men); in 2017, the total was 9.230 stays for SA (5047 women and 3 839 men), representing a decrease of 13.5%. The reduction was balanced between men (−14%) and women (−10%). Based on the figures of PMSI, we see an acceleration of the reduction of stay for SA in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais after 2014 (−16% instead of −6%), instead of the two Picardy departments the most comparable which show a degradation of the phenomenon (+13%), and opposed to the Department of the Oise which shows a stable maintenance of the current decline (−12%). These two indicators are imperfect, but evolution over three years since the implementation of VigilanS goes in the same direction. We find a uncoupling of a hospital stay in connection with a SA. The intensity of this decline seems correlated to the penetrance of the program. 45;1
Published: 2019

4. Gambling behaviors and psychopathology related to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in problem and non-problem adult gamblers

Author: Mélina Fatséas, Jean-Marc Alexandre, Lucia Romo, Groupe Jeu, Alice Guilleux, Amandine Luquiens, Jean-Luc Venisse, David Magalon, Marie Grall-Bronnec, Isabelle Chéreau-Boudet, Marc Valleur, Gaëlle Challet-Bouju, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Centres d'addictologies - Région Centre, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement ( CliPsyD ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes
Subjects: Male, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 030508 substance abuse, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Comorbidity, Problem gambling, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Personality traits, media_common, Pathological gambling, Psychopathology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Personality, Clinical psychology, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Addiction, Dysfunctional family, Psychiatric Comorbidity, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Behavior, Addictive, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Gambling, Temperament and Character Inventory
Abstract: International audience; Previous studies showed that Pathological Gambling and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often co-occur. The aim of this study was to examine whether ADHD is associated with specific severity patterns in terms of gambling behavior, psychopathology and personality traits. 599 problem and non-problem-gamblers were recruited in addiction clinics and gambling places in France. Subjects were assessed with the Wender-Utah Rating Scale-Child, the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Temperament and Character Inventory, the South Oaks Gambling Screen and questionnaires assessing gambling related cognitive distortions and gambling habits. 20.7% (n=124) of gamblers were screened positive for lifetime or current ADHD. Results from the multivariate analysis showed that ADHD was associated with a higher severity of gambling-related problems and with more psychiatric comorbidity. Among problem gamblers, subjects with history of ADHD were also at higher risk for unemployment, psychiatric comorbidity and specific dysfunctional personality traits. This study supports the link between gambling related problems and ADHD in a large sample of problem and non-problem gamblers, including problem-gamblers not seeking treatment. This points out the necessity to consider this disorder in the prevention and in the treatment of pathological gambling.
Published: 2016

5. Health-Related Quality of Life Is Severely Affected in Primary Orthostatic Tremor

Author: Lucie Maugest, Eavan M. McGovern, Katia Mazalovic, Mohamed Doulazmi, Emmanuelle Apartis, Mathieu Anheim, Frédéric Bourdain, Eve Benchetrit, Virginie Czernecki, Emmanuel Broussolle, Cecilia Bonnet, Bruno Falissard, Marjan Jahanshahi, Marie Vidailhet, Emmanuel Roze, Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Department of Neurology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), UFR des Sciences de Santé (Université de Bourgogne), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Développement, Réparation et Vieillissement Cérébral (DRVC), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Neurologie [Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg-Hopital Civil, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de Médecine Translationelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery-UCL Institute of Neurology, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), University College Dublin [Dublin] ( UCD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Développement, Réparation et Vieillissement Cérébral ( DRVC ), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing ( B2A ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire ( IGBMC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Fédération de Médecine Translationelle de Strasbourg ( FMTS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 ( CNC ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Physical disability, Qualitative property, progressive, Fear of falling, lcsh:RC346-429, Grounded theory, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Original Research, business.industry, Multimethodology, 3. Good health, primary orthostatic tremor, health-related quality of life, Neurology, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], movement disorder, Neurology (clinical), Thematic analysis, medicine.symptom, business, mixed-method methodology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience, Qualitative research
Abstract: International audience; Background: Primary orthostatic tremor (POT) is a movement disorder characterized by unsteadiness upon standing still due to a tremor affecting the legs. It is a gradually progressive condition with limited treatment options. Impairments in health-related quality of life (HQoL) seem to far exceed the physical disability associated with the condition.Methods: A multi-center, mixed-methodology study was undertaken to investigate 40 consecutive patients presenting with POT to four movement disorder centers in France. HQoL was investigated using eight quantitative scales and a qualitative study which employed semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed with a combination of grounded-theory approach.Results: Our results confirm that HQoL in POT is severely affected. Fear of falling was identified as the main predictor of HQoL. The qualitative arm of our study explored our initial results in greater depth and uncovered themes not identified by the quantitative approach.Conclusion: Our results illustrate the huge potential of mixed methodology in identifying issues influencing HQoL in POT. Our work paves the way for enhanced patient care and improved HQoL in POT and is paradigmatic of this modern approach for investigating HQoL issues in chronic neurological disorders.
Published: 2018

6. Phenotype and genotype analysis of a French cohort of 119 patients with CHARGE syndrome

Author: Montserrat Rodríguez-Ballesteros, Laurence Faivre, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Christine Francannet, Damien Sanlaville, Sophie Naudion, Hélène Dollfus, Nicole Philip, Pierre Sarda, Marine Legendre, X. Piguel, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Marie-Ange Delrue, Frédéric Bilan, Aurélia Jacquette, Dominique Bonneau, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Valérie Layet, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Delphine Héron, Sébastien Moutton, Alice Goldenberg, Sophie Julia, Sophie Blesson, Sylvie Odent, Philippe Parent, Chloé Quélin, Estelle Colin, Mélanie Fradin, Anne-Marie Guerrot, David Geneviève, Lucile Pinson, Renaud Touraine, Sabine Sigaudy, Stéphanie Ragot, Didier Lacombe, Massimiliano Rossi, Salima El Chehadeh, Tiffany Busa, Annick Toutain, Stanislas Lyonnet, Véronique Abadie, Bruno Leheup, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Tania Attié-Bitach, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Sandra Mercier, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service de génétique clinique [Poitiers], Unité neurovasculaire et troubles cognitifs (Neuvacod), Université de Poitiers, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Embryology and genetics of human malformation (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de génétique [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de génétique médicale, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (Bordeaux) (U1211 INSERM/MRGM), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de Génétique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Service de génétique médicale - Unité de génétique clinique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Service de Génétique Médicale [Lille], Institut de génétique médicale-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de génétique médicale et oncogénétique [CHU Amiens Picardie], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut de Myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Cardiologie (hôpital général, CHU Dijon), Hôpital général (CHU Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service Endocrinologie [CHU Poitiers], Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Poitiers], French Ministry of Health ID-RCB: 2010-A00700-39, Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle ( GMGF ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut de Médecine Aérospatiale du Service de Santé des Armées ( IMASSA ), Service de Santé des Armées, Université d'Angers ( UA ) -CHU Angers, Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire ( IGBMC ), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Hôpital Bretonneau-CHRU Tours, Epidémiologie et anlyses en santé publique: risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire de génétique médicale et cytogénétique [Le Mans], CH Le Mans, Cellules souches mésenchymateuses, environnement articulaire et immunothérapies de la polyarthrite rhumatoide, Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -IFR3-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Médecine Nucléaire [Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), CLAD Ouest, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes ( IGDR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre de Maladies Rares, Anomalies du Développement Nord de France-CH Arras - CHRU Lille, CHU - HÔTEL-DIEU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies ( AFM-Téléthon ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service de Pédiatrie et de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest ( CHRU Brest ), Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital Nord - Saint-Etienne, Unité de Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier du Havre-Hôpital Gustave Flaubert, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon ( CRNL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Service de Cardiologie, Pôle DUNE, CHU de Poitiers, Centre d' investigation clinique-plurithématique du CHU de Poitiers, Génétique Médicale, CHU de Poitiers-Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement Ouest, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de Médecine Aérospatiale du Service de Santé des Armées (IMASSA), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)-Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement Ouest, université de Bourgogne, GAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Central Nervous System, Male, update, Choanal atresia, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 030105 genetics & heredity, Gastroenterology, spectrum, Cohort Studies, CHARGE syndrome, Genotype, Medicine, Child, Genetics (clinical), Coloboma, Genetic disorder, Cranial Nerves, Hypoplasia, 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, Phenotype, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Child, Preschool, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Anosmia, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Genetics, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetic Testing, Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, business.industry, association, DNA Helicases, Infant, medicine.disease, mutations, diagnostic-criteria, 030104 developmental biology, Amino Acid Substitution, Atresia, chd7 gene, proposal, CHARGE Syndrome, business, [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics
Abstract: International audience; CHARGE syndrome (CS) is a genetic disorder whose first description included Coloboma, Heart disease, Atresia of choanae, Retarded growth and development, Genital hypoplasia, and Ear anomalies and deafness, most often caused by a genetic mutation in the CHD7 gene. Two features were then added: semicircular canal anomalies and arhinencephaly/olfactory bulb agenesis, with classification of typical, partial, or atypical forms on the basis of major and minor clinical criteria. The detection rate of a pathogenic variant in the CHD7 gene varies from 67% to 90%. To try to have an overview of this heterogenous clinical condition and specify a genotype-phenotype relation, we conducted a national study of phenotype and genotype in 119 patients with CS. Selected clinical diagnostic criteria were from Verloes (2005), updated by Blake & Prasad (2006). Besides obtaining a detailed clinical description, when possible, patients underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, audiometry, temporal bone CT scan, gonadotropin analysis, and olfactory-bulb MRI. All patients underwent CHD7 sequencing and MLPA analysis. We found a pathogenic CHD7 variant in 83% of typical CS cases and 58% of atypical cases. Pathogenic variants in the CHD7 gene were classified by the expected impact on the protein. In all, 90% of patients had a typical form of CS and 10% an atypical form. The most frequent features were deafness/semicircular canal hypoplasia (94%), pituitary defect/hypogonadism (89%), external ear anomalies (87%), square-shaped face (81%), and arhinencephaly/anosmia (80%). Coloboma (73%), heart defects (65%), and choanal atresia (43%) were less frequent.
Published: 2017

7. Specific and non-specific effects of psychotherapeutic interventions for depression: Results from a meta-analysis of 84 studies

Author: Clément Palpacuer, Bruno Falissard, Laurent Gallet, Dominique Drapier, Jean-Michel Reymann, Florian Naudet, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier [Rennes], Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Service de Pharmacologie [Rennes], Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), D-PSY-D-META, Rennes CHU, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] ( CIC ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux [Rennes], Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Service de Pharmacologie, Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Poison control, Suicide prevention, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Intervention (counseling), [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Injury prevention, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Human factors and ergonomics, Databases, Bibliographic, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Psychotherapy, Psychiatry and Mental health, Meta-analysis, depression, Female, Psychology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; There is a long-standing and very active debate regarding which psychotherapeutic intervention should be used in depressive disorders. However, the effects of psychotherapies may result majorly from non-specific factors rather than from specific factors related to the type of psychotherapeutic intervention. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on aggregated data to understand how the effects of different psychotherapies are impacted by non-specific factors. We included randomized controlled trials that assessed the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions in the treatment of adult depressive disorders. The primary outcome was the change in depression score from baseline to the latest follow-up visit (i.e. response). A meta-regression was performed to predict response according to the type of intervention and non-specific factors (e.g. number of treatment sessions, length of follow-up, therapeutic allegiance of the investigator). The main analysis included 214 study arms from 84 trials. The effects of psychotherapies compared to the waiting list control condition failed to remain significant after adjusting for non-specific factors. Response increased with the number of treatment sessions (β = 0.03, 95% CI [0.01; 0.04]) and the length of follow-up (β = 0.01, 95% CI [0.00; 0.02]). Response also improved in case of presumed therapeutic allegiances among investigators (β = 0.29, 95% CI [0.07; 0.52]). Response to psychotherapies seems to be closely related to non-specific effects. The development of a well-designed trial that controls for non-specific factors might help disentangle the effects of psychotherapies.
Published: 2017

8. A randomised cross-over study assessing the 'blue pyjama syndrome' in major depressive episode

Author: Gabriel Robert, Bruno Falissard, Maxence Rangé, Jacques Soulabaille, Jean-Marie Batail, Dominique Drapier, Florian Naudet, Stéphane Brousse, Hélèna Delmas, Département Universitaire de psychiatrie [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier [Rennes], Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University-Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, no source, Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] ( CIC ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford [CA, USA] ( METRICS ), Stanford University School of Medicine [CA, USA], Naudet, Florian, and Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Disease severity, law, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Psychiatry, Major depressive episode, Observer Variation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, Major, Multidisciplinary, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, Crossover study, Mood, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Psychiatric status rating scales, Medicine, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Observer variation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: This paper introduces a “blue pyjama syndrome” (whereby wearing hospital pyjamas results in an exaggerated impression of severity). We performed a 5-day, prospective, randomized, cross-over study in a French mood disorder unit for inpatients. At Day 1 (D1) and Day 5 (D5), two 5-minute video interviews were recorded with patients in pyjamas or in day clothes (the sequence was randomly allocated). Psychiatrists unaware of the study objective assessed the videos and scored their clinical global impressions (CGI, with scores ranging from 1 to 7). Of 30 participants with major depressive episode selected for inclusion, 26 participants (69% women) provided useable data for an evaluation by 10 psychiatrists. Pyjamas significantly increased the psychiatrists’ CGI ratings of disease severity by 0·65 [0·27; 1·02] points. The psychiatrists’ global impressions also rated patients as significantly less severe at D5 in comparison with D1 by −0·66 [−1·03; −0·29] points. The “blue pyjama syndrome” is in the same order of magnitude as the difference observed after a week of hospitalisation. This potentially calls into question the reliability and validity of observer ratings of depression.
Published: 2017

9. Early life adversity is associated with a smaller hippocampus in male but not female depressed in-patients: a case–control study

Author: Denis Ducreux, Olivier Colliot, Tomoyuki Segawa, Marie Chupin, Romain Colle, Emmanuelle Corruble, Bruno Falissard, Minh Ngoc Thien Kim Tran Dong, Patrick Hardy, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 - Faculté de médecine (UP11 UFR Médecine), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Service de psychiatrie [Le Kremlin-Bicêtre], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain (ARAMIS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neuroradiologie [CHU de Bicêtre], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris-Saclay, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris-Sud 11 - Faculté de médecine ( UP11 UFR Médecine ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain ( ARAMIS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités ( IR4M ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Neuroradiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Inria de Paris, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Major depressive episode, Neuroimaging, Major depressive disorder, Hippocampal formation, Hippocampus, Gastroenterology, Life Change Events, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Hippocampus (mythology), Young adult, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Major, Confounding, Case-control study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hippocampal volume, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Automated segmentation, Case-Control Studies, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Female, Sex, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Early life adversity, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, MRI, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Background Three studies assessed the association of early life adversity (ELA) and hippocampal volumes in depressed patients, of which one was negative and the two others did not control for several potential confounding variables. Since the association of ELA and hippocampal volumes differ in male and female healthy volunteers, we investigated the association of ELA and hippocampal volumes in depressed patients, while focusing specifically on sex and controlling for several relevant socio-demographic and clinical variables. Methods Sixty-three depressed in-patients treated in a psychiatric setting, with a current Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and a Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) were included and assessed for ELA. Hippocampal volumes were measured with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and automatic segmentation. They were compared between patients with ( n = 28) or without ( n = 35) ELA. After bivariate analyses, multivariate regression analyses tested the interaction of sex and ELA on hippocampal volume and were adjusted for several potential confounding variables. The subgroups of men ( n = 26) and women ( n = 37) were assessed separately. Results Patients with ELA had a smaller hippocampus than those without ELA (4.65 (±1.11) cm 3 versus 5.25 (±1.01) cm 3 ), bivariate: p = 0.03, multivariate: HR = 0.40, 95%CI [0.23;0.71], p = 0.002), independently from other factors. This association was found in men (4.43 (±1.22) versus 5.67 (±0.77) cm 3 ), bivariate: p = 0.006, multivariate HR = 0.23, 95%CI [0.06;0.82], p = 0.03) but not in women. Conclusion ELA is associated with a smaller hippocampus in male but not female depressed in-patients. The reasons for this association should be investigated in further studies.
Published: 2017

10. Mindfulness dans le traitement des addictions: Quelles perspectives pour la prise en charge du jeu pathologique

Author: Von Hammerstein, C, Luquiens, Amandine, Khazaal, Yasser, Beniamina, A, Aubin, HJ, Romo, Lucia, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement ( CliPsyD ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), and HAL Nanterre, Administrateur
Subjects: [SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, [No keyword], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; [No abstract]
Published: 2017

11. Suicide risk among prisoners in French Guiana: prevalence and predictive factors

Author: Mathieu Nacher, Vincent About, Agathe Pastre, Gulen Ayhan, Romain Arnal, Eric Pinganaud, Dominique Sins, Louis Jehel, Célia Basurko, Bruno Falissard, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Unité de Soins et de Consultations Ambulatoires [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Médicale et Addictologie [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), No funding was obtained for this study., Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane ( CIC - Antilles Guyane ), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) ( U1178 Inserm ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and BMC, BMC
Subjects: Child abuse, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Psychometrics, Cross-sectional study, lcsh:RC435-571, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Poison control, Mental disorders, Suicide prevention, Interviews as Topic, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, Risk Factors, lcsh:Psychiatry, medicine, Ethnicity, Prevalence, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview, Aged, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Panic disorder, Prisoners, Middle Aged, South America, 16. Peace & justice, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, French Guiana, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, Suicide, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Prisons, Female, Psychology, Anxiety disorder, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; AbstractBackgroundSuicide rates in prison are high and their risk factors are incompletely understood. The objective of the present study is to measure the risk of suicide and its predictors in the only prison of multicultural French Guiana.MethodsAll new prisoners arriving between September 2013 and December 2014 were included. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used and socio-demographic data was collected. In order to identify the predictors of suicide risk multivariate logistic regression was used.ResultsOf the 707 prisoners included 13.2% had a suicidal risk, 14.0% of whom had a high risk, 15.1% a moderate risk and 41.9% a low risk. Predictive factors were depression (OR 7.44, 95% CI: 3.50–15.87), dysthymia (OR 4.22, 95% CI: 1.34–13.36), panic disorder (OR 3.47, 95% CI: 1.33–8.99), general anxiety disorder (GAD) (OR 2.19, 95% CI: 1.13–4.22), men having been abused during childhood (OR 21.01, 95%, CI: 3.26–135.48), having been sentenced for sexual assault (OR 7.12, 95% CI: 1.98–25.99) and smoking (OR 2.93, 95%, CI 1.30–6.63).ConclusionThe suicide risk was lower than in mainland France, possibly reflecting the differences in the social stigma attached to incarceration because of migrant populations and the importance and trivialization of drug trafficking among detainees. However, there were no differences between nationalities. The results reemphasize the importance of promptly identifying and treating psychiatric disorders, which were the main suicide risk factors.
Published: 2016

12. Risk of suicide attempt and suicide associated with benzodiazepine: A nationwide case crossover study

Author: Tournier, Marie, Benard-Laribiere, Anne, Jollant, Fabrice, Hucteau, Emilie, Diop, Papa-Yatma, Jarne Munoz, Ana, Pariente, Antoine, Oger, Emmanuel, Bezin, Julien, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Recherche en Pharmaco-épidémiologie et Recours aux Soins (REPERES), Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and French Medicines Agency (ANSM). Grant Number: 2019S015
Subjects: suicide and suicide attempt, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], self-controlled study, benzodiazepines, reimbursement healthcare databases
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Previous studies that found an association between benzodiazepines and suicidal behaviours were confounded by indication bias. AIMS: To limit this bias, a case crossover study (CCO) was conducted to estimate the risk of suicide attempt and suicide associated with benzodiazepines. METHOD: Patients ≥16 years, with hospitalised suicide attempt or suicide between 2013 and 2016, and at least one benzodiazepine dispensing within the 120 days before their act were selected in the nationwide French reimbursement healthcare system databases (SNDS). For each patient, frequency of benzodiazepine dispensing was compared between a risk period (days -30 to -1 before the event) and two matched reference periods (days -120 to -91, and -90 to -61). RESULTS: A total of 111,550 individuals who attempted suicide and 12,312 suicide victims were included, of who, respectively, 77,474 and 7958 had recent psychiatric history. Benzodiazepine dispensing appeared higher in the 30-day risk period than in reference ones. The comparison yielded adjusted odds ratios of 1.74 for hospitalised suicide attempt (95% confidence interval 1.69-1.78) and 1.45 for suicide (1.34-1.57) in individuals with recent psychiatric history, and of 2.77 (2.69-2.86) and 1.80 (1.65-1.97) for individuals without. CONCLUSION: This nationwide study supports an association between recent benzodiazepine use and both suicide attempt and suicide. These results strengthen the need for screening for suicidal risk carefully before initiation and during treatment when prescribing benzodiazepines. REGISTRATION NO: EUPAS48070 (http://www.ENCEPP.eu).
Published: 2023

13. Specific and non-specific effects of psychotherapeutic interventions for depression: a meta-regression

Author: Palpacuer, C., Gallet, L., Drapier, Dominique, Reymann, J. M., Laviolle, Bruno, Falissard, B., Naudet, Florian, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier [Rennes], Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), Hôpital Paul Brousse, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] ( CIC ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux [Rennes], Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Meeting Abstract: CO-041, 20e congrès de la Société Française de Pharmacologie et de Thérapeutique, Nancy, 19-21 avril 2016
Published: 2016

14. Hippocampal volume predicts antidepressant efficacy in depressed patients without incomplete hippocampal inversion

Author: Bruno Falissard, Denis Ducreux, Emmanuelle Corruble, Ghaidaa Nasser, Romain Colle, Claire Cury, Eric Deflesselle, Olivier Colliot, Marie Chupin, Patrick Hardy, d'Eggis, Gilles, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de psychiatrie [Le Kremlin-Bicêtre], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain (ARAMIS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Service de Neuroradiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain ( ARAMIS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités ( IR4M ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations ( CESP ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Inria de Paris, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Inria de Paris
Subjects: Male, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Antidepressant, Hippocampus, lcsh:RC346-429, 0302 clinical medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Hippocampus (mythology), Prospective Studies, Young adult, Major depressive episode, Prospective cohort study, Response, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Antidepressive Agents, Neurology, Predictive value of tests, Cardiology, lcsh:R858-859.7, Major depressive disorder, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Major Depressive Disorder, Remission, Cognitive Neuroscience, Context (language use), IHI, Incomplete Hippocampal Inversion, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Incomplete Hippocampal Inversion, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychiatry, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, Major, medicine.disease, MDD, Major Depressive Disorder, Hippocampal volume, 030227 psychiatry, ROC Curve, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Case-Control Studies, Neurology (clinical), HV, hippocampal volume, MDE, Major Depressive Episode, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI), also called malrotation, is a frequent atypical anatomical pattern of the hippocampus. Because of the crucial implication of the hippocampus in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of MDD, we aimed to assess the prevalence of IHI in patients with MDD, the link of IHI with hippocampal volume (HV) and the impact of IHI on the predictive value of HV for response and remission after antidepressant treatment. Methods IHI (right and left, partial and total and IHI scores) and HV were assessed in 60 patients with a current Major Depressive Episode (MDE) in a context of MDD and 60 matched controls. Patients were prospectively assessed at baseline and after one, three and six months of antidepressant treatment for response and remission. Results The prevalence of IHI did not significantly differ between MDD patients (right = 23.3%; left = 38.3%) and controls (right = 16.7%; left = 33.3%). IHI was not significantly associated with MDD clinical characteristics. IHI alone did not predict response and remission after antidepressant treatment. However, an interaction between left HV and left IHI predicted six-month response (p = 0.04), HDRS score decrease (p = 0.02) and both three-month (p = 0.04) and six-month (p = 0.03) remission. A case-control design in 30 matched patients with or without left IHI confirmed that interaction. In patients without left IHI, left HV at baseline were smaller in six-month non-remitters as compared to remitters (2.2(± 0.43) cm3 vs 2.97(± 0.5) cm3 p = 0.02), and in six-month non-responders as compared to responders (2.18(± 0.42) cm3 vs 2.86(± 0.54) cm3, p = 0.03). In patients with left IHI, no association was found between left HV at baseline and antidepressant response and remission. Conclusion IHI is not more frequent in MDD patients than in controls, is not associated with HV, but is a confounder that decreases the predictive value of hippocampal volume to predict response or remission after antidepressant treatment. IHI should be systematically assessed in future research studies assessing hippocampal volume in MDD., Highlights • Incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI) is not significantly more frequent in MDD than in controls. • IHI is not significantly associated with MDD clinical characteristics. • Hippocampal volume predicts antidepressant efficacy in MDD patients without IHI. • Hippocampal volume does not predict antidepressant efficacy in patients with IHI.
Published: 2016

15. Exploring 'psychic transparency' during pregnancy: a mixed-methods approach

Author: Jacques Dayan, Bruno Falissard, Asha Dindoyal, Florian Naudet, Sylvie Tordjman, Ouriel Rosenblum, Cécile Oriol, Patrice Poulain, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception (LPP - UMR 8242), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier [Rennes], Neuropsychologie cognitive et neuroanatomie fonctionnelles de la mémoire humaine, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Paul Brousse, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, PHUPEA, Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception ( LPP - UMR 8242 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherches Psychanalyse, Médecine et Société ( CRPMS EA 3522 ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent ( UMR_S 669 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) ( U1178 Inserm ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Comportement et noyaux gris centraux [Rennes], Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] ( CIC ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches Psychanalyse, Médecine et Société (CRPMS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Jonchère, Laurent
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Mixed methods, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Reproductive medicine, Poison control, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, Psychic, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Injury prevention, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, medicine, Humans, Women, Psychiatry, Qualitative Research, Psychic transparency, Medicine(all), [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Obstetrics and Gynecology, Human factors and ergonomics, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, medicine.disease, Psychoanalytic Interpretation, humanities, 030227 psychiatry, Dreams, Psychodynamic, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Parity, Reproductive Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, France, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; Background: Psychic transparency is described as a psychic crisis occurring during pregnancy. The objective was to test if it was clinically detectable. Methods: Seven primiparous and seven nulliparous subjects were recorded during 5 min of spontaneous speech about their dreams. 25 raters from five groups (psychoanalysts, psychiatrists, general practitioners, pregnant women and medical students) listened to the audiotapes. They were asked to rate the probability of the women being pregnant or not. Their ability to discriminate the primiparous women was tested. The probability of being identified correctly or not was calculated for each woman. A qualitative analysis of the speech samples was performed. Results: No group of rater was able to correctly classify pregnant and non-pregnant women. However, the raters' choices were not completely random. The wish to be pregnant or to have a baby could be linked to a primiparous classification whereas job priorities could be linked to a nulliparous classification. Conclusions: It was not possible to detect Psychic transparency in this study. The wish for a child might be easier to identify. In addition, the raters' choices seemed to be connected to social representations of motherhood. © 2016 The Author(s).
Published: 2016

16. Gambling Transitions among Adult Gamblers: A Multi-State Model Using a Markovian Approach Applied to the JEU Cohort

Author: David Magalon, Lucia Romo, Mélina Fatséas, Jean-Benoit Hardouin, Marie Grall-Bronnec, Mélanie Bruneau, Amandine Luquiens, Jean-Luc Venisse, Marc Valleur, Isabelle Chéreau-Boudet, Gaëlle Challet-Bouju, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Centres d'addictologies - Région Centre, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biostatistique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Mesures Subjectives en Santé, PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement ( CliPsyD ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans ( UNAM )
Subjects: Persistence (psychology), Adult, Male, Longitudinal study, medicine.medical_specialty, Vulnerability, 030508 substance abuse, Medicine (miscellaneous), [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Toxicology, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Prevalence, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Humans, Markov process, Age of Onset, Psychiatry, Aged, Multi state, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Transitions, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Anxiety Disorders, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Socioeconomic Factors, Risk factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Structured interview, Cohort, Gambling, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Epidemiologic Methods, Attitude to Health, Anxiety disorder, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; INTRODUCTION: The aim of this paper is to study transitions between two states of gambling in adulthood (problem gambling and non-problem gambling) and to identify factors that might influence these transitions. METHODS: Data for this 2-year long longitudinal study were collected in a French Outpatient Addiction Treatment Center, in gambling establishments and through the press. Both problem gamblers and non-problem gamblers were evaluated using a structured interview and self-report questionnaires. The statistical analysis was carried out using a Markovian approach. RESULTS: The analyzed cohort consisted of 304 gamblers with 519 observed transitions. Participants with no past-year gambling problems (based on the DSM-IV) had a probability of about 90% of also having no past-year gambling problems at the following assessment, whereas the observed percentage of problem gamblers transitioning to non-problem gambling was of 48%. We reported (i) vulnerability factors of transitioning to problem gambling (such as an anxiety disorder or an Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during the childhood), (ii) protective factors for non-problem gamblers, (iii) recovery factors (such as ongoing treatment and younger age) and (iv) persistence factors of a gambling problem (such as a persistent ADHD). CONCLUSIONS: The status of problem gambler is unstable over time, whereas we found stability among non-problem gamblers. Our findings suggest the existence of vulnerability and protective factors in gambling. These results lead to think about preventive actions and adaptive care, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or researching gambling problems in people with an anxiety disorder or ADHD.
Published: 2016

17. Vies de couple chez des personnes en sortie des addictions

Author: Laurence Simmat-Durand, Natacha Vellut, Marie Jauffret-Roustide, Claude Lejeune, Laurent Michel, Sarra Mougel, Maelle Planche, CERMES3 - Centre de recherche, médecine, sciences, santé, santé mentale, société ( CERMES3 - UM 7 (UMR 8211 / U988) ), École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), COordination pour la Mesure de la Performance et l'Amélioration de la Qualité ( Hôpital, Patient, Sécurité, Territoire) ( COMPAQ(HSPT) - U988 ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société ( CESAMES ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), CHANGE, financement MILDT, Simmat-Durand, Laurence, CERMES3 - Centre de recherche Médecine, sciences, santé, santé mentale, société (CERMES3 - UMR 8211 / U988 / UM 7), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), CERMES3 - Centre de recherche Médecine, sciences, santé, santé mentale, société (CERMES3 - UM 7 (UMR 8211 / U988)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), COordination pour la Mesure de la Performance et l'Amélioration de la Qualité ( Hôpital, Patient, Sécurité, Territoire) (COMPAQ(HSPT) - U988), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, trajectoires, couple, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, sorties des addictions, addictions
Abstract: International audience; A partir d’une enquête quantitative, la vie de couple de personnes usagères de substances psychoactives est analysée et leurs partenaires « significatifs » décrits. Des questionnaires biographiques ont été complétés en face-à-face par 341 personnes (34 % de femmes) dans douze structures de la région parisienne. L’importance de leur vie conjugale est démontrée, la durée totale de vie passée en couple étant en moyenne de 14 ans, avec un nombre moyen de partenaires significatifs estimé à deux. Si certaines personnes connaissent une succession de partenaires, d’autres ont au contraire des vies de couples longues et stables, même si des ruptures violentes et liées à la consommation peuvent être décrites. Les couples constitués avec un(e) premier(e) partenaire différent peu en fonction du produit principal de dépendance mais diffèrent sensiblement en fonction du genre : les femmes ont plus souvent un partenaire consommant des produits, ou violents et une rupture liée à la consommation. Si les femmes sont plus souvent victimes de violences, elles sont aussi, et de façon non marginale, auteures de violence dans leur couple. Alors que la sortie de l’addiction peut être favorisée par l’existence d’un partenaire stable, il est surprenant de constater que ces partenaires ne sont pas pris en considération lors des prises en charge.
Published: 2016

18. Multimodal stress detection from multiple assessments

Author: Aigrain, Jonathan, Spodenkiewicz, Michel, Dubuisson, Severine, Detyniecki, Marcin, Cohen, David, Chetouani, Mohamed, HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique (ISIR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (SPEA), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Sud Saint Pierre [Ile de la Réunion], Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Images et Modèles (I&M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Learning, Fuzzy and Intelligent systems (LFI), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 (LIP6), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique ( ISIR ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Learning, Fuzzy and Intelligent systems ( LFI ), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 ( LIP6 ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: [ INFO ] Computer Science [cs], classification, assessment, physiology, multimodal, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Index Terms—Stress, behaviour
Abstract: International audience; Stress is a complex phenomenon that impacts the body and the mind at several levels. It has been studied for more than a century from different perspectives, which result in different definitions and different ways to assess the presence of stress. This paper introduces a methodology for analyzing multimodal stress detection results by taking into account the variety of stress assessments. As a first step, we have collected video, depth and physiological data from 25 subjects in a stressful situation: a socially evaluated mental arithmetic test. As a second step, we have acquired 3 different assessments of stress: self-assessment, assessments from external observers and assessment from a physiology expert. Finally, we extract 101 behavioural and physiological features and evaluate their predictive power for the 3 collected assessments using a classification task. Using multimodal features, we obtain average F1 scores up to 0.85. By investigating the composition of the best selected feature subsets and the individual feature classification performances, we show that several features provide valuable information for the classification of the 3 assessments: features related to body movement, blood volume pulse and heart rate. From a methodological point of view, we argue that a multiple assessment approach provide more robust results.
Published: 2016

19. Cognitive Distortions and ADHD Related to Pathological Gambling in a Cohort of Problem and Non Problem Gamblers

Author: Romo, Lucia, Lagauffre, C., Guilleux, Alice, Valleur, Marc, Magalon, David, Fatseas, Melina, Chéreau-Boudet, Isabelle, Luquiens, Amandine, Venisse, JL, Grall-Bronnec, Marie, Challet-Bouju, Gaëlle, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement ( CliPsyD ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), and HAL Nanterre, Administrateur
Subjects: [SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, [No keyword], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; [No abstract]
Published: 2016

20. Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Dependence: The 2015 Recommendations of the French Alcohol Society, Issued in Partnership with the European Federation of Addiction Societies

Author: Alain Rigaud, Henri-Jean Aubin, Romain Moirand, Maurice Dematteis, Benjamin Rolland, Claudine Gillet, Karl Mann, Corine Dano, François Paille, Troubles cognitifs dégénératifs et vasculaires - U 1171 - EA 1046 (TCDV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Universität Mannheim, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), French Department of Health (DGS), Pharmaceutical Companies (D&A Pharma, Ethypharm, Lundbeck and Merck Serono), Troubles cognitifs dégénératifs et vasculaires - U 1171 (TCDV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Lille, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Universität Mannheim [Mannheim], Department of movement disorders and neurology & University of Lille Department of medical pharmacology & INSERM U1171, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers ( CHU Angers ), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans ( UNAM ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), AUBIN, HENRI JEAN, Troubles cognitifs vasculaires et dégénératifs, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Nancy, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Hypoxie et physiopathologies cardiovasculaire et respiratoire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de Médecine, CHU Grenoble - Hôpital Michallon, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - AP-HP Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [Paris]
Subjects: Male, Addiction medicine, Alcohol, Alcoholism, France, Guidelines, Pharmacotherapy, Primary care, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Secondary Prevention, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Societies, Medical, media_common, Addiction medicine, Alcohol detoxification, Primary care, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, Alcoholism, Acamprosate, Female, Pharmacotherapy, Guidelines, Alcohol, France, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Relapse prevention, 03 medical and health sciences, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, Letters to the Editor, Pharmacology, Delirium tremens, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, Alcohol dependence, Off-Label Use, Abstinence, medicine.disease, Pregnancy Complications, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical Guidelines, Alcohol Abstinence, Alcohol Deterrents
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: The latest French good practice recommendations (GPRs) for the screening, prevention, and treatment of alcohol misuse were recently published in partnership with the European Federation of Addiction Societies (EUFAS). This article aims to synthesize the GPRs focused on the pharmacotherapy of alcohol dependence.METHODS: A four-member European steering committee defined the questions that were addressed to an 18-member multi-professional working group (WG). The WG developed the GPRs based on a systematic, hierarchical and structured literature search and submitted the document to two review processes involving 37 French members from multiple disciplines and 5 non-French EUFAS members. The final GPRs were graded A, B, or C, or expert consensus (EC) using a reference recommendation grading system. RESULTS: - The treatment of alcohol dependence consists of either 1) alcohol detoxification / abstinence maintenance programs or 2) drinking reduction programs. - The therapeutic objective is the result of a decision made jointly by the physician and the patient.- Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are the first-line medication for detoxification (GRADE A). - BZD dosing should be guided by regular clinical monitoring (GRADE B). - Residential detoxification is more appropriate for patients with a history of seizures, delirium tremens, unstable psychiatric comorbidity, or another associated substance use disorder (GRADE B). - BZDs are only justified beyond a one-week period in the case of persistent withdrawal symptoms, withdrawal events or associated BZD dependence (GRADE B). - BZDs should not be continued for more than four weeks (GRADE C). - The dosing and duration of thiamine (vitamin B1) during detoxification should be adapted to nutritional status (EC). - Medications for relapse prevention should be automatically associated with adapted psychosocial support (GRADE A). - Acamprosate and naltrexone are the first-line options for relapse prevention (GRADE A). - Disulfiram can be proposed as second-line treatment in patients who are correctly informed and adequately supervised (EC).- Medications for reducing alcohol consumption are only indicated in dependent individuals (EC). - Nalmefene is indicated as a first-line treatment for reducing alcohol consumption (GRADE A). - The second-line prescription of baclofen, up to 300 mg/d, to prevent relapse or reduce drinking should be carried out according to the “temporary recommendation for use” (TRU) issued by the French Health Agency (EC).- Abstinence is recommended throughout pregnancy (EC).- If medically‐assisted withdrawal is necessary during pregnancy, BZD use is recommended (GRADE B).- No medication other than those for alcohol withdrawal should be initiated in pregnant or breastfeeding women (EC).- In a stabilized pregnant patient taking medication to support abstinence, the continuation of the drug should be considered on a case‐by‐case basis, weighing the benefit/risk ratio. Only disulfiram should be always stopped, given the unknown risks of the antabuse effect on the fetus (EC).- First‐line treatments to help maintain abstinence or reduce drinking are off-label for people under 18 years of age and should thus be considered on a case-by-case basis after the repeated failure of psychosocial measures alone (EC).- Short-half-life BZDs should be preferred for the detoxification of elderly patients (GRADE B).- The initial doses of BZDs should be reduced by 30 to 50% in elderly patients (EC).- In patients with chronic alcohol-related physical disorders, the goal of abstinence is recommended (EC)- Any antidepressant or anxiolytic medication should be introduced after a psychiatric reassessment after 2-4 weeks of alcohol abstinence or low-risk use (GRADE B).- A smoking cessation program should be offered to any smokers involved in an alcohol treatment program (GRADE B).
Published: 2016

21. Attenuated levels of hippocampal connexin 43 and its phosphorylation correlate with antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities in mice

Author: Gaël Quesseveur, Xavier Fioramonti, Alexia Mathou, Jean-Arnaud Basile, Christian Giaume, Pascal Ezan, Corinne Leloup, Bruno P. Guiard, Hélène Halley, Claire Rampon, Benjamin Portal, Nicole Déglon, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, UMR 7241, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Collège de France (CdF)-PSL Research University (PSL), Fondation Recherche Medicale (FRM): DPP20151033959, Region Midi-Pyrenees, Guiard, Bruno P., Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale - UMR5169 (CRCA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale ( CRCA ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] ( CHUV ), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie ( CIRB ), and Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Population, Connexin, Hippocampus, Hippocampal formation, Anxiety, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, stress, 0302 clinical medicine, Corticosterone, Internal medicine, medicine, Food and Nutrition, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], education, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, 030304 developmental biology, Original Research, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Fluoxetine, Behavior, Depression, Neurosciences, astrocytes, connexin 43, antidepressants, depression, anxiety, hippocampus, behavior, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Endocrinology, chemistry, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurons and Cognition, Astrocytes, Connexin 43, Alimentation et Nutrition, Antidepressant, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], sense organs, Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug, Neuroscience
Abstract: Clinical and preclinical studies have implicated glial anomalies in major depression. Conversely, evidence suggests that the activity of antidepressant drugs is based, at least in part, on their ability to stimulate density and/or activity of astrocytes, a major glial cell population. Despite this recent evidence, little is known about the mechanism(s) by which astrocytes regulate emotionality. Glial cells communicate with each other through gap junction channels (GJCs), while they can also directly interact with neurons by releasing gliotransmitters in the extracellular compartment via an hemichannels (HCs)-dependent process. Both GJCs and HCs are formed by two main protein subunits: connexins (Cx) 30 and 43 (Cx30 and Cx43). Here we investigate the role of hippocampal Cx43 in the regulation of depression-like symptoms using genetic and pharmacological approaches. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the constitutive knock-down of Cx43 on a set of behaviors known to be affected in depression. Conversely, the expression of Cx43 was assessed in the hippocampus of mice subjected to prolonged corticosterone exposure, given either alone or in combination with an antidepressant drug, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. Our results indicate that the constitutive deficiency of Cx43 resulted in the expression of some characteristic hallmarks of antidepressant-/anxiolytic-like behavioral activities along with an improvement of cognitive performances. Moreover, in a new cohort of wild-type mice, we showed that corticosterone exposure elicited anxiety and depression-like abnormalities that were reversed by chronic administration of fluoxetine. Remarkably, corticosterone also increased hippocampal amounts of phosphorylated form of Cx43 whereas fluoxetine treatment normalized this parameter. From these results, we envision that antidepressant drugs may exert their therapeutic activity by decreasing the expression and/or activity of Cx43 resulting from a lower level of phosphorylation in the hippocampus.
Published: 2015

22. Case report: an unexpected link between partial deletion of the SHANK3 gene and Heller’s dementia infantilis, a rare subtype of autism spectrum disorder

Author: Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Anne Philippe, Marlène Rio, Valérie Malan, Nathalie Boddaert, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Laurence Robel, Yann Craus, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de Radiologie et imagerie médicale [CHU Necker], Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Génétique moléculaire, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and BMC, BMC
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Autism Spectrum Disorder, 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, Genetic counseling, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Autism, Case Report, Nerve Tissue Proteins, ASD, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, medicine, Dementia, Humans, Child, SHANK3, Heller syndrome, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Childhood disintegrative disorder, medicine.disease, Regression, 3. Good health, Regression, Psychology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Developmental disorder, Psychiatry and Mental health, Phenotype, Autism spectrum disorder, Female, Haploinsufficiency, Psychology, Gene Deletion, Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD), Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; AbstractBackgroundDeletions and mutations involving the SHANK3 gene lead to a nonspecific clinical presentation with moderate to profound intellectual disability, severely delayed or absent speech, and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).Better knowledge of the clinical spectrum of SHANK3 haploinsufficiency is useful to facilitate clinical care monitoring and to guide molecular diagnosis, essential for genetic counselling.Case presentationHere, we report a detailed clinical description of a 10-year-old girl carrying a pathogenic interstitial 22q13.3 deletion encompassing only the first 17 exons of SHANK3.The clinical features displayed by the girl strongly suggested the diagnosis of dementia infantilis, described by Heller in 1908, also known as childhood disintegrative disorder.ConclusionOur present case confirms several observations according to which regression may be part of the clinical phenotype of SHANK3 haploinsufficiency. Therefore, we think it is crucial to look for mutations in the gene SHANK3 in patients diagnosed for childhood disintegrative disorder or any developmental disorder with a regressive pattern involving social and communicative skills as well as cognitive and instinctual functions, with onset around 3 years.
Published: 2015

23. Implications de l’hyperactivité dans l’anorexie mentale : de la redéfinition à la recherche clinique

Author: Rizk , Mélissa, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Nathalie Godart, Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )
Subjects: Clinique, Physical activity, Excessive, Research, Etat nutritionnel, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Problematic, Recherche, Anorexia nervosa, Troubles du comportement alimentaire, Activité physique, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Clinical, Nutritional status, Eating disorders, Problématique, Anorexie mentale
Abstract: Anorexia nervosa is a serious and complex psychiatric pathology included in eating disorders. Its symptoms include physical hyperactivity, which has been associated by many with a worse clinical and therapeutic outcome. Much remains to be known and understood about physical activity, which is problematic in eating disorders, especially in anorexia nervosa. The aims of this thesis are to: 1) critically and exhaustively examine the literature published during the past 40 years (1975-2015). This is done in order to clarify the landscape and give general clinical and research perspectives for future studies. 2) Investigate the impact of different definitions of problematic physical activity, found in the literature, on its prevalence in a large sample of patients suffering from acute anorexia nervosa. We will examine the associations between these different definitions and core eating disorders symptoms, emotional profile and quality of life. 3) Investigate the impact of problematic physical activity on nutritional status (body mass index and body composition) of patients. This is done by taking into account clinical features. These features include anorexia nervosa subtypes (restricting or binge-eating/purging type), age at onset, illness duration, premenarchal anorexia nervosa, and presence of amenorrhea. Finally, we propose a comprehensive model of the development of problematic physical activity in anorexia nervosa. We highlight the fact that physical activity could be positively taken into account in global treatment programs. It could be integrated in these programs, in addition to their psychological, somatic and social dimensions. Problematic physical activity in anorexia nervosa is in need of immediate attention from clinicians and researchers.; L'anorexie mentale est une pathologie psychiatrique grave et complexe, faisant partie des troubles du comportement alimentaire. L’un de ses symptômes est l’hyperactivité physique, généralement associée à un pronostic clinique et thérapeutique défavorable. La connaissance et la compréhension de l'activité physique, qui s’avère être problématique dans les troubles du comportement alimentaire, restent à élucider, en particulier dans l'anorexie mentale. Cette thèse a pour objectifs : 1) d'examiner exhaustivement la littérature publiée au cours des 40 dernières années (1975-2015). Cela permettra de mieux comprendre ce phénomène et de donner des recommandations générales, clinique et de recherche, pour les futures études. 2) D’étudier l'impact des différentes définitions de l'activité physique problématique, retrouvées dans la littérature, sur la prévalence de celle-ci au sein d’un large échantillon de patientes souffrants d’anorexie mentale aigue. Nous examinons aussi les associations entre ces différentes définitions et les principaux symptômes alimentaires, le profil émotionnel et la qualité de vie. 3) D’étudier l'impact de l'activité physique problématique sur le statut nutritionnel (indice de masse corporelle et composition corporelle) de ces patientes. Cela est réalisé en prenant en compte les manifestations cliniques de la maladie, incluant les types d’anorexie mentale (restrictif ou avec crises de boulimie/vomissements ou prise de purgatifs), l’âge à la découverte et la durée de la maladie, le diagnostic de l’anorexie mentale avant la ménarche et la présence d'aménorrhée. Finalement, nous proposons un modèle compréhensif du développement de l’activité physique problématique dans l'anorexie mentale. En outre, ce travail met en relief le fait que l'activité physique pourrait être positivement ciblée dans les programmes thérapeutiques. Sa prise en charge pourrait être intégrée dans la modalité thérapeutique conjointement aux différentes dimensions psychologiques, somatiques et sociales. L'activité physique problématique dans l'anorexie mentale doit urgemment solliciter l’attention des cliniciens et des chercheurs.
Published: 2015

24. Moderators, mediators, and bidirectional relationships in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework: An empirical investigation using a longitudinal design and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)

Author: Bruno Falissard, Elizabeth M. Badley, A. Leplege, Joël Coste, Alexandra Rouquette, Timothée Dub, Unité d’Epidémiologie et de Biostatistiques [APHP Cochin-Broca-Hôtel Dieu], AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, University of Montreal, Toronto Western Research Institute, University of Toronto, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Santé publique épidémiologique [AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Paris], Hôpital Paul Brousse, Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Ecole de Santé Publique [Nancy], Faculté de Médecine [Nancy], Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Sciences, Philosophie, Histoire (SPHERE (UMR_7219)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse [Paris], Département d’histoire et de philosophie des sciences [Paris Diderot], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences ( ICES ), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation. Approches épidémiologiques et psychologiques. ( APEMAC - EA 4360 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 )
Subjects: Male, Longitudinal study, Walking stick, Health (social science), MESH : Aged, Developmental psychology, Disability Evaluation, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, MESH : Feedback, Surveys and Questionnaires, Activities of Daily Living, MESH: Osteoarthritis, Knee, Health Status Indicators, MESH : Female, Longitudinal Studies, MESH : Disabled Persons, Empirical evidence, MESH: Longitudinal Studies, MESH: Models, Theoretical, media_common, MESH : Longitudinal Studies, MESH: Aged, education.field_of_study, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Feedback, MESH: Disability Evaluation, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Feedback effects, MESH : Adult, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, 16. Peace & justice, 3. Good health, MESH: International Classification of Diseases, Female, MESH : Health Status Indicators, Psychology, Social psychology, MESH : Surveys and Questionnaires, Adult, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH : Male, Population, MESH : Disability Evaluation, Structural equation modeling, Feedback, History and Philosophy of Science, International Classification of Diseases, MESH : International Classification of Diseases, MESH: Health Status Indicators, Osteoarthritis, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Disabled Persons, Knee, MESH : Osteoarthritis, Knee, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, education, Aged, Epidemiologic, MESH: Humans, MESH : Models, Theoretical, MESH : Humans, MESH: Activities of Daily Living, MESH: Adult, Models, Theoretical, International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health, MESH: Disabled Persons, Mental health, Effect modifier, MESH: Male, Structural Equation Modeling, Conceptual model, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH : Activities of Daily Living, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) published in 2001 describes the consequences of health conditions with three components of impairments in body structures or functions, activity limitations and participation restrictions. Two of the new features of the conceptual model were the possibility of feedback effects between each ICF component and the introduction of contextual factors conceptualized as moderators of the relationship between the components. The aim of this longitudinal study is to provide empirical evidence of these two kinds of effect. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze data from a French population-based cohort of 548 patients with knee osteoarthritis recruited between April 2007 and March 2009 and followed for three years. Indicators of the body structure and function, activity and participation components of the ICF were derived from self-administered standardized instruments. The measurement model revealed four separate factors for body structures impairments, body functions impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. The classic sequence from body impairments to participation restrictions through activity limitations was found at each assessment time. Longitudinal study of the ICF component relationships showed a feedback pathway indicating that the level of participation restrictions at baseline was predictive of activity limitations three years later. Finally, the moderating role of personal (age, sex, mental health, etc.) and environmental factors (family relationships, mobility device use, etc.) was investigated. Three contextual factors (sex, family relationships and walking stick use) were found to be moderators for the relationship between the body impairments and the activity limitations components. Mental health was found to be a mediating factor of the effect of activity limitations on participation restrictions.
Published: 2015

25. Depressed suicide attempters have smaller hippocampus than depressed patients without suicide attempts

Author: Marie Chupin, Denis Ducreux, Claire Cury, Florence Gressier, Emmanuelle Corruble, Bruno Falissard, Patrick Hardy, Romain Colle, Olivier Colliot, Christophe Vandendrie, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain (ARAMIS), Inria Paris-Rocquencourt, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de psychiatrie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Team Depression and Antidepressants ( INSERM UMR 1178 ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain ( ARAMIS ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités ( IR4M ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), departement de neuroradiologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Poison control, Suicide, Attempted, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Major depressive disorder, Hippocampal formation, Hippocampus, Suicide prevention, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Rating scale, Injury prevention, medicine, Suicide attempt, Humans, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, Depressive Disorder, Major, Biomarker, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hippocampal volume, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Case-Control Studies, Female, Automatic segmentation, Psychology, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology, MRI
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:Despite known relationship between hippocampal volumes and major depressive episodes (MDE) and the increased suicidality in MDE, the links between hippocampal volumes and suicidality remain unclear in major depressive disorders (MDD). If the hippocampus could be a biomarker of suicide attempts in depression, it could be useful for prevention matters. This study assessed the association between hippocampal volumes and suicide attempts in MDD.METHODS:Hippocampal volumes assessed with automatic segmentation were compared in 63 patients with MDD, with (n = 24) or without (n = 39) suicide attempts. Acute (one month) suicide attempts were studied.RESULTS:Although not different in terms of socio-demographic, MDD and MDE clinical features, suicide attempters had lower total hippocampus volumes than non-attempters (4.61 (±1.15) cm3 vs 5.22 (±0.99) cm3; w = 625.5; p = 0.03), especially for acute suicide attempts (4.19 (±0.81) cm3 vs 5.22 (±0.99) cm3; w = 334; p = 0.005), even after adjustment on brain volumes, sex, age, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores and MDD duration. A ROC analysis showed that a total hippocampal volume threshold of 5.00 cm3 had a 98.2% negative predictive value for acute suicide attempts.CONCLUSION:Depressed suicide attempters have smaller hippocampus than depressed patients without suicide attempts, independently from socio-demographics and MDD characteristics. This difference is related to acute suicide attempts but neither to past suicide attempts nor to duration since the first suicide attempt, suggesting that hippocampal volume could be a suicidal state marker in MDE. Further studies are required to better understand this association.
Published: 2015

26. COVID-19 pandemic's impact on French Health Students: A cross-sectional study during the third wave

Author: Ariel Frajerman, Franck Rolland, Bruno Falissard, Gilles Bertschy, Bertrand Diquet, Donata Marra, Hôpital Bicêtre, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, CHU Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Institut de Biologie en Santé (PHB-IRIS) [CHU Angers] (IBS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Martinez Rico, Clara
Subjects: Male, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Students, Medical, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Health students, COVID-19, Psychological distress, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Humans, Mental health, Pandemics, COVID 19, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Background: COVID19 pandemic had a huge impact on global mental health. Health students, because of their age and status, are a more at-risk population. National survey during the first wave already found high levels of psychological distress. Objective: This nationwide study aimed to assess health's student mental health during the third wave in France. Methods: We did an online national cross-sectional study, which addressed all health students from April 4th to May 11th 2021. The questionnaire included sociodemographic and work conditions questions, Kessler 6 scale, and numeric scales. Results: 16,937 students answered, including 54% nurse and 16% medical students. Regarding K6 scale, 14% have moderate (8-12) and 83% high (≥13) level of psychological distress. In multivariate analysis, being a man (OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.48; 0.60], p < 0.001) and not living alone (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.62; 0.82], p < 0.001), are associated with a reduced risk of psychological distress. Not having the ability to isolate themselves (OR = 1.58, 95% CI [1.39; 1.81], p < 0.001), and having low (OR = 2.31, 95% CI [2.08; 2.56], p < 0.001) or important (OR = 4.58, 95% CI [3.98; 5.29], p < 0.001) financial difficulties are associated with an increased risk of psychological distress. Limitations: The response rate was low regarding the target population (300,000 health students). Conclusion: Compared to the first national survey, we noticed mental health deterioration. Psychological distress (83% high level versus 21%), substance use (21% versus 13%), and psychotropic treatment use (18% versus 7.3%) hugely increased. These results highlighted the need to increase support actions for health students.
Published: 2022

27. Psychothérapie : trois approches évaluées

Author: Canceil , Olivier, Cottraux , Jean, Falissard , Bruno, Flament , Martine, Miermont , Jacques, Swendsen , Joel, Teherani , Mardjane, Thurin , Jean-Michel, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Groupe Hospitalier Paul Guiraud [Villejuif] (GHPG), Laboratoire de psychologie clinique et de psychopathologie, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-JE2358, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale(INSERM), ORANGE, Colette, Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Santé mentale et santé publique ( SMSP - U1178 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Groupe Hospitalier Paul Guiraud
Subjects: Santé mentale, Médicaments, Thérapie de couple, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Dépression, Approche psychodynamique, Analyse, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Psychanalyse, Thérapie familiale, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Thérapie, Approche cognitivo-comportementale
Abstract: Les psychothérapies sont des traitements d’utilisation largement répanduedans la pratique du soin pour les troubles mentaux chez l’adulte, l’adolescentet l’enfant. Elles accompagnent une médication pour certains troublessévères (schizophrénie, trouble bipolaire{). Elles sont pratiquées commealternative à un traitement pharmacologique pour d’autres troubles moinssévères ou qui ne relèvent pas de celui-ci (exemple, troubles de la personnalité).En France, les psychothérapies sont généralement conseillées aux patientspar des médecins psychiatres, des psychologues, des médecins généralistes oud’autres professionnels de santé, mais il existe aussi des demandes spontanées,en pourcentage non quantiﬁable car il n’y a pas de données disponibles dansce domaine. Les psychothérapies sont le plus souvent pratiquées en « ville »,dans le cadre du soin, par les psychiatres et les psychologues, et en institutionpar différents intervenants (inﬁrmiers, psychologues{), souvent sous laresponsabilité d’un psychiatre. Dans la réglementation des soins en France,les psychothérapies ne sont pas inscrites à la nomenclature des actes techniques,à l’exception des thérapies de groupe ; il existe néanmoins une cotation« consultation psychiatrique » qui ne spéciﬁe pas le type de soin pratiqué parle psychiatre dans cette consultation.Au plan international, d’après les travaux scientiﬁques publiés, les psychothérapiessont pratiquées par des psychiatres et des psychologues, et dans unemoindre mesure, au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis, par des inﬁrmiersspécialisés (nurse therapist), des travailleurs sociaux, ou des conseillers spécialisés(counselors), ainsi que par des étudiants dans le cadre de projets derecherche en psychothérapie sous supervision étroite. Enﬁn, dans certainstravaux de recherche, il est fait mention de généralistes formés brièvement àappliquer des méthodes déjà testées et adaptées à la pratique médicale del’omnipraticien dans un but de soin ou de prévention.Comme d’autres traitements, les différentes méthodes de psychothérapie ontfait l’objet de nombreux travaux scientiﬁques. Certains de ces travaux se sontattachés à évaluer l’efficacité des pratiques dans différentes conditions.Dans le cadre du Plan santé mentale mis en place par le ministère de la Santéen 2001, la Direction générale de la santé (DGS) a sollicité l’Inserm pour établir un état des lieux de la littérature internationale sur les aspects évaluatifsde l’efficacité de différentes approches psychothérapiques. Deux associationsfrançaises, l’Unafam1 et la Fnap-psy2, se sont jointes à la DGS danscette démarche. En accord avec ces partenaires, le champ de l’expertise s’estappliqué à trois grandes approches psychothérapiques – l’approche psychodynamique(psychanalytique), l’approche cognitivo-comportementale, lathérapie familiale et de couple – fréquemment pratiquées pour le soin detroubles caractérisés de l’adulte, de l’adolescent ou de l’enfant.Pour répondre à la demande, l’Inserm a, dans le cadre de la procédured’expertise collective, réuni un groupe d’experts comprenant des psychiatres,psychologues, épidémiologistes et biostatisticiens. Le groupe d’experts astructuré l’analyse de la littérature internationale autour des questionssuivantes :• Comment envisager une évaluation des psychothérapies en termes d’efficacité?• Quels sont les différents types d’études permettant d’évaluer l’efficacité despsychothérapies ?• Quelles sont les difficultés méthodologiques rencontrées pour cette évaluation?• Quelles sont les étapes historiques de l’évaluation de l’efficacité despsychothérapies ?• Quelles sont les références théoriques des approches psychodynamiques(psychanalytiques), cognitivo-comportementales et familiales ?• Quelles sont les données de la littérature sur l’évaluation de l’efficacité desapproches psychodynamiques (psychanalytiques), cognitivo-comportementaleset familiales ?• Quelles sont les données de la littérature sur l’évaluation comparative del’efficacité de ces différentes approches psychothérapiques ?• Quelles sont les données de la littérature sur l’évaluation de l’efficacité deces trois approches psychothérapiques pour différentes pathologies ?• Quelles sont les données de la littérature sur l’évaluation de l’efficacité despsychothérapies chez l’enfant et l’adolescent ?Une interrogation indépendante des bases de données internationales,menée par le centre d’expertise collective, a conduit à rassembler plus de1 000 articles. Les experts ont été sollicités pour compléter cette bibliographiedans leur propre champ de compétence en relation avec les objectifs del’expertise. Au cours de onze séances de travail organisées entre les mois demai 2002 et décembre 2003, les experts ont présenté une analyse critique etune synthèse des travaux publiés aux plans international et national sur lesdifférents aspects du cahier des charges de l’expertise.
Published: 2004

28. Temporal trends in calls for suicide attempts to poison control centers in France during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study

Author: Jollant, F, Blanc-Brisset, I, Cellier, M, Ambar Akkaoui, M, Tran, VC, Hamel, J-F, Piot, M-A, Nourredine, M, Nisse, P, Hawton, K, Descatha, A, Vodovar, D, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Jena University Hospital [Jena], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Laboratoire Analyse et Mathématiques Appliquées (LAMA), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris (IMM), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Lille, University of Oxford, Université Côte d'Azur - Faculté de Médecine (UCA Faculté Médecine), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Projekt DEAL, Jonchère, Laurent, Group, The French Poison Center Control Research, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and University of Oxford [Oxford]
Subjects: Adult, Poison Control Centers, Surveillance, Databases, Factual, Adolescent, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], COVID-19, Gender, Suicide, Attempted, Middle Aged, Attempted suicide, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Age, Humans, Female, Poison Control Center, Pandemics, Aged
Abstract: Concerns have been raised about early vs. later impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior. However, data remain sparse to date. We investigated all calls for intentional drug or other toxic ingestions to the eight Poison Control Centers in France between 1st January 2018 and 31st May 2022. Data were extracted from the French National Database of Poisonings. Calls during the study period were analyzed using time trends and time series analyses with SARIMA models (based on the first two years). Breakpoints were determined using Chow test. These analyses were performed together with examination of age groups (≤ 11, 12–24, 25–64, ≥ 65 years) and gender effects when possible. Over the studied period, 66,589 calls for suicide attempts were received. Overall, there was a downward trend from 2018, which slowed down in October 2019 and was followed by an increase from November 2020. Number of calls observed during the COVID period were above what was expected. However, important differences were found according to age and gender. The increase in calls from mid-2020 was particularly observed in young females, while middle-aged adults showed a persisting decrease. An increase in older-aged people was observed from mid-2019 and persisted during the pandemic. The pandemic may therefore have exacerbated a pre-existing fragile situation in adolescents and old-aged people. This study emphasizes the rapidly evolving situation regarding suicidal behaviour during the pandemic, the possibility of age and gender differences in impact, and the value of having access to real-time information to monitor suicidal acts.
Published: 2022

29. Mental health and working conditions among French medical students: A nationwide study

Author: Franck Rolland, Nawale Hadouiri, Adrien Haas-Jordache, Evan Gouy, Loona Mathieu, Anne Goulard, Yannick Morvan, Ariel Frajerman, Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, InterSyndicale Nationale des Internes (ISNI), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), InterSyndicale Nationale Autonome Représentative des Internes de Médecine Générale [Lyon] (ISNAR-IMG), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Association nationale des étudiants en médecine de France (ANEMF), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Martinez Rico, Clara
Subjects: Depressive Disorder, Major, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Students, Medical, Depression, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, education, COVID-19, Anxiety, Medical students, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mental Health, Suicidal ideation, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Surveys and Questionnaires, Burnout, Humans, Burnout, Professional, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Mistreatments
Abstract: International audience; Background: Medical students' mental health is a public health problem that has worsened with COVID 19's pandemic. There is a lack of French data. The principal aim was to assess French medical students' mental health. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was performed between May 27 and June 27, 2021. An anonymous questionnaire was sent via academic email addresses by medical faculties and secondly on social media. We assessed 7-day anxiety and depressive symptoms were evaluated with the Hospitalization Anxiety and Depression scale, 12-month major depressive episode (MDE) with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form, burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory, 12-month suicidal ideation, humiliation, sexual harassment, and sexual aggression during their curriculum. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify main MDE associated factors. Outcomes: 11,754 participants (response rate: 15.3%) were included. Prevalence of 7-day anxiety symptoms, 7day depressive symptoms, 12-month MDE, and 12-month suicidal thoughts were 52%, 18%, 25%, and 19% respectively. Burnout syndrome concerned 67% of clinical students and residents and 39% of preclinical students. Prevalence of humiliation, sexual harassment, and sexual abuse during their curriculum were 23%, 25%, and 4%, respectively. Having important (OR = 1.44, IC 95 [1.31-1.58], p < 0.001) or very important financial issues (OR = 2.47, IC 95 [2.15-2.85], p < 0.001), experienced humiliation (OR = 1.63, IC 95 [1.46-1.81], p < 0.001), sexual harassment (OR = 1.43, IC 95 [1.28-1.59], p < 0.001) and sexual abuse (OR = 1.52, IC 95 [1.24-1.85], p < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of MDE. Interpretation: This is the largest study on French medical students' mental health. These results point to very particular conditions in French students environment that need to be addressed to improve their mental health.
Published: 2021

30. Exome sequencing allows detection of relevant pharmacogenetic variants in epileptic patients

Author: Simon Verdez, Quentin Thomas, Philippine Garret, Céline Verstuyft, Emilie Tisserant, Antonio Vitobello, Frédéric Tran Mau-Them, Christophe Philippe, Marc Bardou, Maxime Luu, Abderrahmane Bourredjem, Patrick Callier, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Nicolas Picard, Laurence Faivre, Yannis Duffourd, Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire CERBA [Saint Ouen l'Aumône], Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique et Moléculaire [CHU Dijon], Centre de référence des maladies rares des déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares (CHU Dijon) (CRMR des déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares), Ciblage individuel et prévention des risques de traitements immunosupresseurs et de la transplantation (IPPRITT), CHU Limoges-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), and Duffourd, Yannis
Subjects: Pharmacology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Epilepsy, Pharmacogenomic Variants, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Phenytoin, Genetics, Molecular Medicine, Humans, Exome, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: International audience; Beyond the identification of causal genetic variants in the diagnosis of Mendelian disorders, exome sequencing can detect numerous variants with potential relevance for clinical care. Clinical interventions can thus be conducted to improve future health outcomes for patients and their at-risk relatives, such as predicting late-onset genetic disorders accessible to prevention, treatment or identifying differential drug efficacy and safety. To evaluate the interest of such pharmacogenetic information, we designed an "in house" pipeline to determine the status of 122 PharmGKB (Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase) variant-drug combinations in 31 genes. This pipeline was applied to a cohort of 90 epileptic patients who had previously an exome sequencing (ES) analysis, to determine the frequency of pharmacogenetic variants. We performed a retrospective analysis of drug plasma concentrations and treatment efficacy in patients bearing at least one relevant PharmGKB variant. For PharmGKB level 1A variants, CYP2C9 status for phenytoin prescription was the only relevant information. Nineteen patients were treated with phenytoin, among phenytointreated patients, none were poor metabolizers and four were intermediate metabolizers. While being treated with a standard protocol (10-23 mg/kg/30 min loading dose followed by 5 mg/kg/8 h maintenance dose), all identified intermediate metabolizers had toxic plasma concentrations (20 mg/L). In epileptic patients, pangenomic sequencing can provide information about common pharmacogenetic variants likely to be useful to guide therapeutic drug monitoring, and in the case of phenytoin, to prevent clinical toxicity caused by high plasma levels.
Published: 2021

31. Case Report: When Does Puberty Become Traumatic?

Author: Layla Tarazi-Sahab, Mayssa El Husseini, Marie-Rose Moro, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Histoire des Sociétés, des Sciences et des Conflits - UR UPJV 4289 (CHSSC), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and DESSAIVRE, Louise
Subjects: Libido, Psychiatry, puberty, lcsh:RC435-571, social withdrawal, media_common.quotation_subject, Emotional security, Vulnerability, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, trauma experience, psychodynamical adaptation, enactment, Human sexuality, Learned helplessness, Developmental psychology, [SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Feeling, lcsh:Psychiatry, case report, Girl, Psychology, clinical situation, media_common, Qualitative research
Abstract: International audience; Puberty provokes physiological upheaval that can be psychologically traumatic and destabilizing for the child. Before the transformations of puberty, the body is a protective vessel that acts as a stable reference for the child. A child's emotional security is derived from a sense of predictability and well-being. However, the nascent sexuality and burgeoning libido experienced during puberty can trigger unsettling changes in the psycho-affective and psycho-dynamic equilibrium of the child as he or she transforms into an adolescent. This article presents puberty as a transformative experience with traumatic impact that needs to be considered in therapy conducted with adolescents. At best, pubescent trauma can cause superficial issues in a child's adaptive abilities; at worse, it can lead to pathological symptoms. This article presents a qualitative study derived from a clinical case of an adolescent girl who expresses her pubescent suffering through social withdrawal and mutism. The study determines several symptomatic and traumatic indicators caused by the sudden physiological transformations of puberty, such as perceived breaches in a child's sense of safety and the child's ability to predict. The study also explores the feelings of helplessness, vulnerability, and aloneness that pubescent adolescents endure, which are then exacerbated by the sensed inability to turn to parents for help or peers for support.
Published: 2021

32. Risky decision-making in suicide attempters, and the choice of a violent suicidal means: an updated meta-analysis

Author: Roland Dardennes, Fabrice Jollant, Rebecca Perrain, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale (CMME - Service de psychiatrie), Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université de Paris (UP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], CCSD, Accord Elsevier, and Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], vulnerability, neuropsychology, violent suicide, Suicide, Attempted, suicidal behavior, Neuropsychological Tests, decision making, Suicidal Ideation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Group differences, medicine, Humans, risk, Suicide attempters, Significant difference, Neuropsychology, 16. Peace & justice, medicine.disease, Iowa gambling task, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Mood, Mood disorders, Meta-analysis, Gambling, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Background Studies showed disadvantageous decision-making in suicide attempters. The present meta-analysis aims to examine the stability of these findings and related questions. Methods EMBASE and Pubmed databases were searched for studies published between 01/01/2000 and 01/01/2020 with an additional search through bibliographical references. English or French articles published in peer-reviewed journals, reporting quantitative task-based measures of decision-making in suicide attempters were included: 3,582 records were identified, 33 full-text articles screened, and 21 articles finally included. Results All studies were conducted in mood disorders; 18 used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and 3 the Cambridge Gamble Task (CGT). With the IGT, suicide attempters showed riskier choices than patient controls (Hedges’ g=-0.28 95%CI (-0.44 – -0.12)) and healthy controls (g=-0.54 (-0.83 – -0.25)) with no significant difference between control groups. The difference between suicide attempters and patient controls was not related to age group, mood disorder type, author, or research center while an effect of time of publication was found (p=0.006). Poorer performance was also found in suicide attempters compared to patient controls when using the CGT (g=-0.57 95%CI (-0.82 – -0.31)). Suicide attempters who used a violent means showed poorer IGT performance than those who used a non-violent means (3 studies). Limitation Limited number of studies outside mood disorders. No data to calculate a gender effect. Conclusion The present meta-analysis confirmed riskier decision-making in suicide attempters. Although group differences appear to be of modest effect size in general, they were particularly marked in the subgroup of those who used a violent suicidal means.
Published: 2021

33. Nutritional status and anxious and depressive symptoms in anorexia nervosa: a prospective study

Author: Sylvie Berthoz, Christophe Lalanne, Martine F. Flament, Lama Mattar, Caroline Huas, F. Jouen, N. Godart, A. Pleplé, M. Hanachi, I. Carchon, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Lebanese American University (LAU), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Cognitions Humaine et ARTificielle (CHART), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris (IMM), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), EVHAN study was supported by grants from the French Ministry of Health (PHRCN 2007, 2011 AOM11197, ANR Jeune chercheur, Bourse de thèse Eiffel) and from CNAMTS, Fondation de France, Fondation MGEN, EHESP, APHP, CIFRE, and Contrats d'interface INSERM., CARCHON, Isabelle, and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, 050103 clinical psychology, Anorexia Nervosa, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, Science, Nutritional Status, Anxiety, Anorexia nervosa, Article, Body Mass Index, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Nutrition disorders, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Nutrition, Multidisciplinary, Depression, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Confounding, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Cross-Sectional Studies, Medicine, medicine.symptom, Psychiatric disorders, business, Body mass index, Bioelectrical impedance analysis, Clinical psychology, Psychopathology
Abstract: The interweaving of malnutrition and symptoms of anxiety and depression in anorexia Nervosa (AN) is mentioned without any consensus regarding the course of anxious-depressive symptoms in relation to nutritional status in the course of treatment of patients with AN. The objectives of the current study in a large sample of AN inpatients were to assess the relationships between anxiety and depression symptoms and nutritional status both over the course of inpatient treatment and at discharge. 222 consecutive inpatients with AN (DSM-IV TR) were assessed (entrance and discharge) for duration of illness, psychiatric treatments, sociodemographic data and with psychometric scales for different psychopathological symptoms [depressive (BDI), anxiety and depressive (HAD scale), obsessive–compulsive (MOCI) and social phobia (LSAS fear score)]. Nutritional status was assessed with Body Mass Index (BMI) and body composition by bioelectrical impedance. The Fat free mass index [FFMI = FFM (kg)/height (m2)] was considered for the analysis. Two models were developed where the dependent variables were each psychopathological score at discharge (BDI, HAD anxiety, MOCI, and LSAS fear) in the cross-sectional model, and their variation in the longitudinal model (where a positive score reflected symptom decrease at discharge). A fixed set of predictors, defined on presumed clinical and statistical relevance (FFMI in the cross-sectional model and Variation of FFMI in the longitudinal model), were considered in each model, without any model selection procedure. This is the first study to confirm a positive relationship between the course of eating disorder symptoms and that of anxious-depressive symptoms during inpatient treatment of AN even after adjustment on a vast array of possibly confounding factors.
Published: 2021

34. La traduction médicale à l'heure de la pandémie

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), guidere, mathieu, and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO] Cognitive science, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics
Abstract: International audience; La pandémie a été un accélérateur de la traduction médicale. Jamais les traducteurs spécialisés n'ont traduit autant de protocoles médicaux ni résumé autant d'essais cliniques et pharmaceutiques. Jamais il n'y a eu autant d'articles de presse à traduire sur la santé publique et de reportages à transcrire sur la crise sanitaire. Cet ouvrage propose une exploration de la traduction médicale à l'heure de la pandémie. Il offre un aperçu des pratiques et des recherches, avec des exemples d'illustration authentiques, issus de plusieurs spécialités médicales.
Published: 2020

35. Population pharmacokinetic model of blood THC and its metabolites in chronic and occasional cannabis users and relationship with on-site oral fluid testing

Author: Mégane Ribot, Céline Verstuyft, Islam Amine Larabi, Nawal Derridj-Ait-Younes, Isabelle Etting, Nicolas Simon, Jean-Claude Alvarez, Sarah Hartley, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Plateforme de spectrométrie de masse [Garches] (MasSpecLab), Infection et inflammation (2I), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud Bicêtre (APHP), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Centre antipoison et de toxicovigilance (Marseille) (CAPTV Marseille), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), and Malbec, Odile
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Cmax, Pharmacology, Placebo, oral fluid test, smoked cannabis, Pharmacokinetics, mental disorders, Medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Dronabinol, education, CYP2C9, Cannabis, education.field_of_study, Cross-Over Studies, biology, Inhalation, business.industry, organic chemicals, Smoking, occasional users, biology.organism_classification, Bioavailability, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], chronic users, Hallucinogens, business, pharmacokinetics
Abstract: International audience; To develop a population pharmacokinetic (PP) model of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its metabolites in blood and to determine the relationship between blood THC pharmacokinetics and results of on-site oral fluid (OF) testing in chronic (CC) and occasional (OC) cannabis users. Methods: Fifteen CC (1-2 joints/day) and 15 OC (1-2 joints/week) aged 18-34 years were included, genotyped for their CYP2C9 polymorphisms. Twelve measurements of blood THC, 11-OH-THC and THC-COOH were carried out during the 24-hour period after controlled cross-over random inhalation of placebo, 10 mg or 30 mg of THC. OF tests (DrugWipe® 5S) were performed up to 6 hours and then stopped after two successive negative results. The blood concentrations and their relationship to OF testing results were analysed using a PP approach with NON-MEM® and R. Results: A three-compartment model described the pharmacokinetics of THC, with zero-order absorption, and a two-compartment model the metabolites. The fraction of THC converted to 11-OH-THC was 0.27 and the fraction of 11-OH-THC to THC-COOH was 0.86. Smoking 30 mg of THC decreased the THC bioavailability to 0.68 compared to 10 mg. CC showed a 2.41 greater bioavailability than OC, leading to higher C max and AUC for the three compounds for the same dose. The best model describing the probability of a positive OF test included THC blood concentration and the group as covariate: for a similar THC blood concentration, a CC was less likely to be positive than an OC. Conclusion: OC are more likely to screen positive than CC for a similar blood concentration.
Published: 2020

36. Linguistic Predictors of Psychotrauma in Immigrants and Refugees

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, mobile app, pandemic, Psychotrauma, PTSD, online platform, self-help, traumatic events, resilience, psycholinguistics, mental health
Abstract: International audience; The prevalence of PTSD is high among immigrants and refugees, particularly those who immigrated because of armed conflict or political repression (e.g., Syria, and Iraq). Unfortunately, many immigrants and refugees with PTSD do not receive professional care due to a lack of available providers, stigma about mental illness, and other concerns. Technology-based interventions, including mobile phone apps may be a viable means of surmounting linguistic barriers and reaching and helping those in need. In using the conceptual term “predictor” rather than the more operational term “correlate”, we make no strong claim about causality; instead, our conceptual framework is more akin to a risk factor than to a causal factor.Methods: This was a secondary report of data, including unpublished data, from an internet-delivered self-help intervention for psychotrauma. The study included 20 participants who had completed online baseline assessments. All participants had experienced significant life stressors over the last 2 years and had high levels of psychotrauma symptoms. The qualitative analysis of verbalizations focused on three aspects: (a) historical or static person characteristics such as family history, childhood adversity and trauma, and other previous trauma; (b) trauma severity; and (c) social support and intercurrent life stress in the interval between traumatic exposure and measurement of PTSD symptoms or the presence of the disorder.Results: The study shows that the effects of these factors in immigrants and refugees are significant and lead to a better understanding of the development of PTSD. We found seven predictors of PTSD symptoms or of PTSD diagnosis: (a) aspects to the trauma event, (b) person characteristics for psychological processing and functioning, (c) family history of psychopathology, (d) perceived life threat during the traumatic event, (e) perceived social support following the traumatic event, (f) peritraumatic emotionality—high levels of emotion during or in the immediate aftermath of the traumatic event, and (g) peritraumatic dissociation—dissociative experiences during or in the immediate aftermath of the traumatic event.Conclusions: The findings of the study indicated that these predictors are a valid in immigrants and refugees, and a reliable self-help test to identify negative (PTSD complaints) and positive outcomes (psychosocial functioning and resilience). Online platforms and mobile apps are an easily accessible tools that can help in immigrants and refugees who have experienced a psychotrauma to timely identify psychological complaints and find appropriate support. Finally, these tools seem to be effective and highly needed in times like the coronavirus pandemic.Key Words Psychotrauma, psycholinguistics, traumatic events, mental health, mobile app, self-help, online platform, resilience, PTSD, pandemic, covid-19.; La prévalence du psychotrauma (TSPT / PTSD) est élevée parmi les migrants et les réfugiés, en particulier ceux qui ont migré en raison d'un conflit armé ou de la répression politique (par exemple, les réfugiés de Syrie et d’Irak). Malheureusement, de nombreux migrants et réfugiés atteints du TSPT/PTSD ne reçoivent pas de soins professionnels en raison du manque de prestataires compétents, de la stigmatisation liée à la maladie mentale et d'autres problèmes socioculturels. Les dispositifs d’aide en ligne, y compris les applications de téléphonie mobile, peuvent être un moyen efficace pour surmonter les barrières linguistiques et aider ceux qui en ont besoin. En utilisant le concept de «prédicteur» plutôt que le terme plus opérationnel de «corrélé», nous ne prétendons pas étudier la causalité ; notre cadre conceptuel s'apparente davantage à l’étude des facteurs de risque qu'à l’étude des facteurs causaux.Méthodes: Il s'agit d'un rapport secondaire de données, y compris des données non publiées, d'une intervention d'auto-assistance fournie par Internet et des Applis pour les psychotraumas. L'étude comprenait 20 participants qui avaient effectué des évaluations de base en ligne. Tous les participants avaient subi d'importants facteurs de stress au cours des 2 dernières années et présentaient des niveaux élevés de symptômes de psychotraumatisme. L'analyse qualitative des verbalisations s'est concentrée sur trois aspects: (a) les caractéristiques historiques ou statiques de la personne telles que les antécédents familiaux, l'adversité et les traumatismes de l'enfance et d'autres traumatismes antérieurs; (b) la gravité du traumatisme; et (c) le soutien social et le stress de la vie dans l'intervalle entre l'exposition traumatique et la mesure des symptômes du TSPT ou la présence du trouble.Résultats: L'étude montre que les effets de ces facteurs chez les migrants et les réfugiés sont importants et permettent une meilleure compréhension du développement du TSPT. Nous avons trouvé sept prédicteurs des symptômes du TSPT ou du diagnostic du TSPT: (a) aspects de l'événement traumatique, (b) caractéristiques de la personne pour le traitement et le fonctionnement psychologiques, (c) antécédents familiaux de psychopathologie, (d) menace de vie perçue pendant l'événement traumatique, (e) soutien social perçu à la suite de l'événement traumatique, (f) émotivité péritraumatique - niveaux élevés d'émotion pendant ou immédiatement après l'événement traumatique, et (g) dissociation péritraumatique - expériences dissociatives pendant ou immédiatement après le événement traumatique.Conclusions: Les résultats de l'étude ont indiqué que ces prédicteurs sont valides chez les migrants et les réfugiés, et un test d'auto-assistance fiable pour identifier les résultats négatifs (plaintes d'ESPT) et positifs (fonctionnement psychosocial et résilience). Les plateformes en ligne et les applications mobiles sont des outils facilement accessibles qui peuvent aider les migrants et les réfugiés qui ont subi un psychotraumatisme à identifier à temps les souffrances psychologiques et à trouver un soutien approprié. Enfin, ces outils semblent être efficaces et indispensables durant les crises sanitaires comme la pandémie de coronavirus.Mots clés : Psychotraumatisme, psycholinguistique, événements traumatiques, santé mentale, application mobile, auto-assistance, plateforme en ligne, résilience, SSPT, pandémie, covid-19.
Published: 2020

37. Exploring the Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Social Media Study

Author: Bruno Falissard, Paméla Voillot, Laura McDonald, H. Lemasson, Anne-Françoise Gaudin, Bryan Bennett, Christophe Tzourio, Carole Faviez, P. Foulquié, François-Emery Cotté, Stéphane Schück, V. Grumberg, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Pharmacie (UGA UFRP), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: Data Analysis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, patients with cancer, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Health Informatics, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Global health, Medicine, Humans, Social media, social media use, 030212 general & internal medicine, HEALTHY, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Retrospective Studies, Health related quality of life, Original Paper, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, measures, real world, Retrospective cohort study, Cognition, lcsh:RA1-1270, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, health-related quality of life, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Family medicine, Quality of Life, lcsh:R858-859.7, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, immunotherapy, business, Social Media
Abstract: Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used to treat several types of tumors. Impact of this emerging therapy on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is usually collected in clinical trials through standard questionnaires. However, this might not fully reflect HRQoL of patients under real-world conditions. In parallel, users’ narratives from social media represent a potential new source of research concerning HRQoL. Objective The aim of this study is to assess and compare coverage of ICI-treated patients’ HRQoL domains and subdomains in standard questionnaires from clinical trials and in real-world setting from social media posts. Methods A retrospective study was carried out by collecting social media posts in French language written by internet users mentioning their experiences with ICIs between January 2011 and August 2018. Automatic and manual extractions were implemented to create a corpus where domains and subdomains of HRQoL were classified. These annotations were compared with domains covered by 2 standard HRQoL questionnaires, the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the FACT-G. Results We identified 150 users who described their own experience with ICI (89/150, 59.3%) or that of their relative (61/150, 40.7%), with 137 users (91.3%) reporting at least one HRQoL domain in their social media posts. A total of 8 domains and 42 subdomains of HRQoL were identified: Global health (1 subdomain; 115 patients), Symptoms (13; 76), Emotional state (10; 49), Role (7; 22), Physical activity (4; 13), Professional situation (3; 9), Cognitive state (2; 2), and Social state (2; 2). The QLQ-C30 showed a wider global coverage of social media HRQoL subdomains than the FACT-G, 45% (19/42) and 29% (12/42), respectively. For both QLQ-C30 and FACT-G questionnaires, coverage rates were particularly suboptimal for Symptoms (68/123, 55.3% and 72/123, 58.5%, respectively), Emotional state (7/49, 14% and 24/49, 49%, respectively), and Role (17/22, 77% and 15/22, 68%, respectively). Conclusions Many patients with cancer are using social media to share their experiences with immunotherapy. Collecting and analyzing their spontaneous narratives are helpful to capture and understand their HRQoL in real-world setting. New measures of HRQoL are needed to provide more in-depth evaluation of Symptoms, Emotional state, and Role among patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy.
Published: 2020

38. Supportive effect of body contact care with ylang ylang aromatherapy and mobile intervention team for suicide prevention: A pilot study

Author: Marianne Pradem, Aurélia Mulet, Stéphane Amadéo, Michel Spodenkiewicz, Ngoc Lam Nguyen, Annie Tuheiava, Nathalie Colin-Fagotin, Paul Pere, Patrick Favro, Guy Beauchamp, Moerani Rereao, Virginie Gassion, Steve Vilhem, Louis Jehel, Michel De Simone, Alban Prokop, Aurelia Malogne, Fabienne Bernis, Pierre Thomas, Pierre Dufour, Géraldine Rioche, Monique Séguin, Guillaume Vaiva, Taivini Teai, Germaine Vanquin, Erick Gokalsing, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et d'Ingénierie Environnementale (LGCIE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF), Sociétés Traditionnelles et Contemporaines en Océanie (EA 4241) (EASTCO), docteur vétérinaire, Bordeaux, Centre d'Études Périnatales de l'Océan Indien (CEPOI), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), EPSM Réunion, Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Rectorat de Guyane [Cayenne, Guyane Française], McGill Group for Suicide Studies [Montréal, Canada] (MGSS), Douglas Mental Health University Institute [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Fontan, CHU Lille, Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience [Lille] (CN2R), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: Medicine (General), medicine.medical_specialty, Prospective Clinical Research Report, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Pilot Projects, Suicide, Attempted, mobile intervention, Biochemistry, Suicide prevention, Polynesia, 03 medical and health sciences, R5-920, 0302 clinical medicine, prevention, Intervention (counseling), aromatherapy, medicine, ylang ylang, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Cananga, Psychiatry, Prospective cohort study, Depression (differential diagnoses), suicide, Modalities, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Cell Biology, General Medicine, anxiety, 030227 psychiatry, depression, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, business, Ylang-ylang, Aromatherapy
Abstract: Objectives To assess understudied, alternative suicide prevention modalities in a mental health care setting. Methods This was a prospective study of patients (n = 140, 68 cases and 72 controls) who were admitted to hospital or who contacted an SOS suicide crisis line for suicidal ideation or attempts. Psychiatric diagnoses (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and intensity of anxiety/depression/suicidality (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation) were assessed. All intervention group subjects received a crisis card with a crisis line number, interviews with psychologists or volunteers and a telephone call on days 10 to 21, then 6 months later. These subjects also had a choice between two further 4-month interventions: body contact care or mobile intervention team visits. Results The interventions significantly reduced the number of suicide attempts and suicide (3%) at 6 months compared with the control condition (12%). There were fewer losses to follow-up in the intervention group (7.35%) than in the control group (9.72%). Conclusions The results favour the implementation of integrated care and maintaining contact in suicide prevention.
Published: 2020

39. Les Prédicteurs linguistiques du Psychotrauma chez les migrants et les réfugiés

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and guidere, mathieu
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, mobile app, pandemic, Psychotrauma, PTSD, online platform, [SCCO] Cognitive science, self-help, traumatic events, resilience, psycholinguistics, mental health
Abstract: The prevalence of PTSD is high among immigrants and refugees, particularly those who immigrated because of armed conflict or political repression (e.g., Syria, and Iraq). Unfortunately, many immigrants and refugees with PTSD do not receive professional care due to a lack of available providers, stigma about mental illness, and other concerns. Technology-based interventions, including mobile phone apps may be a viable means of surmounting linguistic barriers and reaching and helping those in need. In using the conceptual term “predictor” rather than the more operational term “correlate”, we make no strong claim about causality; instead, our conceptual framework is more akin to a risk factor than to a causal factor.Methods: This was a secondary report of data, including unpublished data, from an internet-delivered self-help intervention for psychotrauma. The study included 20 participants who had completed online baseline assessments. All participants had experienced significant life stressors over the last 2 years and had high levels of psychotrauma symptoms. The qualitative analysis of verbalizations focused on three aspects: (a) historical or static person characteristics such as family history, childhood adversity and trauma, and other previous trauma; (b) trauma severity; and (c) social support and intercurrent life stress in the interval between traumatic exposure and measurement of PTSD symptoms or the presence of the disorder.Results: The study shows that the effects of these factors in immigrants and refugees are significant and lead to a better understanding of the development of PTSD. We found seven predictors of PTSD symptoms or of PTSD diagnosis: (a) aspects to the trauma event, (b) person characteristics for psychological processing and functioning, (c) family history of psychopathology, (d) perceived life threat during the traumatic event, (e) perceived social support following the traumatic event, (f) peritraumatic emotionality—high levels of emotion during or in the immediate aftermath of the traumatic event, and (g) peritraumatic dissociation—dissociative experiences during or in the immediate aftermath of the traumatic event.Conclusions: The findings of the study indicated that these predictors are a valid in immigrants and refugees, and a reliable self-help test to identify negative (PTSD complaints) and positive outcomes (psychosocial functioning and resilience). Online platforms and mobile apps are an easily accessible tools that can help in immigrants and refugees who have experienced a psychotrauma to timely identify psychological complaints and find appropriate support. Finally, these tools seem to be effective and highly needed in times like the coronavirus pandemic.Key Words Psychotrauma, psycholinguistics, traumatic events, mental health, mobile app, self-help, online platform, resilience, PTSD, pandemic, covid-19., La prévalence du psychotrauma (TSPT / PTSD) est élevée parmi les migrants et les réfugiés, en particulier ceux qui ont migré en raison d'un conflit armé ou de la répression politique (par exemple, les réfugiés de Syrie et d’Irak). Malheureusement, de nombreux migrants et réfugiés atteints du TSPT/PTSD ne reçoivent pas de soins professionnels en raison du manque de prestataires compétents, de la stigmatisation liée à la maladie mentale et d'autres problèmes socioculturels. Les dispositifs d’aide en ligne, y compris les applications de téléphonie mobile, peuvent être un moyen efficace pour surmonter les barrières linguistiques et aider ceux qui en ont besoin. En utilisant le concept de «prédicteur» plutôt que le terme plus opérationnel de «corrélé», nous ne prétendons pas étudier la causalité ; notre cadre conceptuel s'apparente davantage à l’étude des facteurs de risque qu'à l’étude des facteurs causaux.Méthodes: Il s'agit d'un rapport secondaire de données, y compris des données non publiées, d'une intervention d'auto-assistance fournie par Internet et des Applis pour les psychotraumas. L'étude comprenait 20 participants qui avaient effectué des évaluations de base en ligne. Tous les participants avaient subi d'importants facteurs de stress au cours des 2 dernières années et présentaient des niveaux élevés de symptômes de psychotraumatisme. L'analyse qualitative des verbalisations s'est concentrée sur trois aspects: (a) les caractéristiques historiques ou statiques de la personne telles que les antécédents familiaux, l'adversité et les traumatismes de l'enfance et d'autres traumatismes antérieurs; (b) la gravité du traumatisme; et (c) le soutien social et le stress de la vie dans l'intervalle entre l'exposition traumatique et la mesure des symptômes du TSPT ou la présence du trouble.Résultats: L'étude montre que les effets de ces facteurs chez les migrants et les réfugiés sont importants et permettent une meilleure compréhension du développement du TSPT. Nous avons trouvé sept prédicteurs des symptômes du TSPT ou du diagnostic du TSPT: (a) aspects de l'événement traumatique, (b) caractéristiques de la personne pour le traitement et le fonctionnement psychologiques, (c) antécédents familiaux de psychopathologie, (d) menace de vie perçue pendant l'événement traumatique, (e) soutien social perçu à la suite de l'événement traumatique, (f) émotivité péritraumatique - niveaux élevés d'émotion pendant ou immédiatement après l'événement traumatique, et (g) dissociation péritraumatique - expériences dissociatives pendant ou immédiatement après le événement traumatique.Conclusions: Les résultats de l'étude ont indiqué que ces prédicteurs sont valides chez les migrants et les réfugiés, et un test d'auto-assistance fiable pour identifier les résultats négatifs (plaintes d'ESPT) et positifs (fonctionnement psychosocial et résilience). Les plateformes en ligne et les applications mobiles sont des outils facilement accessibles qui peuvent aider les migrants et les réfugiés qui ont subi un psychotraumatisme à identifier à temps les souffrances psychologiques et à trouver un soutien approprié. Enfin, ces outils semblent être efficaces et indispensables durant les crises sanitaires comme la pandémie de coronavirus.Mots clés : Psychotraumatisme, psycholinguistique, événements traumatiques, santé mentale, application mobile, auto-assistance, plateforme en ligne, résilience, SSPT, pandémie, covid-19.
Published: 2020

40. Théorie de l'esprit pendant l'enfance: Examen des contributions syntaxiques et exécutives

Author: Anne Reboul, Stephanie Durrleman, Monica Baciu, Morgane Burnel, Marcela Perrone-Bertolotti, Arnaud Carre, Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Département de linguistique, Faculté des lettres, Université de Genève, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Inter-universitaire de Psychologie : Personnalité, Cognition, Changement Social (LIP-PC2S), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Reboul, Anne, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (ISC-MJ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Sociology and Political Science, False belief, 05 social sciences, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Executive functions, Syntax, 050105 experimental psychology, Expression (mathematics), Developmental psychology, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Theory of mind, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Developmental and Educational Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, Set (psychology), Psychology, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; Both syntax and Executive Functions (EF) are involved in Theory-of-Mind (ToM) but their contributory roles have mainly been studied separately. Moreover, researchers have mostly administered False Belief (FB) tasks while they may not be representative of all ToM abilities. Studies of adults give valuable information regarding whether syntax and EF are useful for ToM reasoning (i.e., Reasoning account), however, only the study of children brings direct evidence in favor of ToM emergence (i.e., Emergence account). Also, because the ToM tasks used often entail verbal and executive demands, the links observed could mostly result from such confounds (i.e., Expression account). We evaluated ToM, syntactic and EF abilities in 126 children (3-11 y.o.) using a set of ToM tasks with minimal verbal and executive demands. Our goals were to assess (1) the hierarchical contribution of syntax and EF to ToM, (2) whether results previously obtained for FB tasks are representative of ToM in general, (3) whether the ToM-syntax and ToM-EF links are constant (i.e., Reasoning account) or decrease during development (i.e., Emergence accounts). Results of stepwise regression analyses showed a predominant role of syntax over EF to predict ToM abilities. The comparison of results for ToM and FB tasks showed that FB is not always representativeof ToM. Finally, there was no moderating effect of age on the syntax-ToM or EF-ToM relations, thus suggestive of the Reasoning account rather than the Emergence account.
Published: 2020

41. Psycholinguistic Assessment of the Effects of Containment

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, Psycholinguistics, Pandemic, Containment
Abstract: International audience; There are a wide range of questionnaires that can be used to assess the psychological effects of containment, but most of them are designed to be used only in specific cases. However, there are various effects of confinement, including for example stress, anxiety, motivation, cognitive disorders or even mood disorders. Interested in how people manage containment related to the coronavirus pandemic (covid-19), as well as how they felt during this experience, we conducted a small-scale study that included a written survey and online posts. The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which verbalizations produced by contained people manifest markers relating to their mental health. The study relates to 20 subjects having posted online written and/or video productions describing their mental state. A detailed analysis of the content of these verbalizations made it possible to highlight psycholinguistic markers of the physical and psychological effects of containment, by using data mining and text mining.Key Words Psycholinguistics, Pandemic, Containment, Mental Health, Data Mining, Text Mining, NLP.
Published: 2020

42. Evaluation psycholinguistique des effets psychologiques du confinement en lien avec la pandémie (covid-19)

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and guidere, mathieu
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, Psycholinguistics, Pandemic, Containment, [SCCO] Cognitive science
Abstract: International audience; There are a wide range of questionnaires that can be used to assess the psychological effects of containment, but most of them are designed to be used only in specific cases. However, there are various effects of confinement, including for example stress, anxiety, motivation, cognitive disorders or even mood disorders. Interested in how people manage containment related to the coronavirus pandemic (covid-19), as well as how they felt during this experience, we conducted a small-scale study that included a written survey and online posts. The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which verbalizations produced by contained people manifest markers relating to their mental health. The study relates to 20 subjects having posted online written and/or video productions describing their mental state. A detailed analysis of the content of these verbalizations made it possible to highlight psycholinguistic markers of the physical and psychological effects of containment, by using data mining and text mining.Key Words Psycholinguistics, Pandemic, Containment, Mental Health, Data Mining, Text Mining, NLP.
Published: 2020

43. Clinical Genetics of Prolidase Deficiency: An Updated Review

Author: Spodenkiewicz, Marta, Spodenkiewicz, Michel, Cleary, Maureen, Massier, Marie, Fitsialos, Giorgos, Cottin, Vincent, Jouret, Guillaume, Poirsier, Céline, Doco-Fenzy, Martine, Lèbre, Anne-Sophie, SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: lcsh:Biology (General), systematic review, PEPD gene, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], prolidase deficiency, Review, lcsh:QH301-705.5
Abstract: International audience; Prolidase is a ubiquitous enzyme that plays a major role in the metabolism of proline-rich proteins. Prolidase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive inborn metabolic and multisystemic disease, characterized by a protean association of symptoms, namely intellectual disability, recurrent infections, splenomegaly, skin lesions, auto-immune disorders and cytopenia. To our knowledge, no published review has assembled the different clinical data and research studies over prolidase deficiency. The aim of this study is to summarize the actual state of the art from the descriptions of all the patients with a molecular diagnosis of prolidase deficiency reported to date regarding the clinical, biological, histopathological features, therapeutic options and functional studies.
Published: 2020

44. La Psychopathie extrémiste : l'évaluation du risque de violence

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

45. Informal and formal social support during pregnancy and joint maternal and paternal postnatal depression: Data from the French representative ELFE cohort study

Author: Aurélie Nakamura, Anne-Laure Sutter-Dallay, Fabienne El-Khoury Lesueur, Xavier Thierry, Florence Gressier, Maria Melchior, Judith van der Waerden, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Réseau doctoral de l'Ecole des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Hôpital Charles Perrens, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) (ELFE), EFS-Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Team Depression and Antidepressants (INSERM UMR 1178), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, and Nakamura, Aurélie
Subjects: Adult, Male, Postpartum depression, Epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Mothers, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Cohort Studies, Depression, Postpartum, Social support, Fathers, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Parent-Child Relations, Risk factor, PharmacoEpi-Drugs, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depression, business.industry, MENTAL_HEALTH, medicine.disease, Mental health, 030227 psychiatry, Pregnancy Complications, Mother-child cohort study, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Multivariate Analysis, Regression Analysis, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Risk assessment, business, Psychosocial, Demography, Cohort study
Abstract: Background: Insufficient social support has been intensively studied as a risk factor of postpartum depression (PPD) among mothers. However, to date, no study has examined the role of informal and formal dimensions of social support during pregnancy with regard to joint maternal and paternal depression after birth. Aim: Study associations between insufficient informal and formal support during pregnancy and joint parental PPD. Methods: Using data from the nationally representative French ELFE ( Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance) cohort study ( N = 12,350), we estimated associations between insufficient informal and formal support received by the mother during pregnancy and joint parental PPD in multi-imputed multivariate multinomial regression models. Results: In 166 couples (1.3%), both parents were depressed. The likelihood of joint parental PPD was increased in case of insufficient informal support (insufficient partner support: odds ratio (OR) = 1.68 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57–1.80); frequent quarrels: OR = 1.38 (95% CI: 1.19–1.60)). We also observed associations between formal support during pregnancy and joint parental PPD (early prenatal psychosocial risk assessment: OR = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.05–1.22); antenatal education: OR = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.05–1.23)), which disappeared when analyses were restricted to women with no psychological difficulties during pregnancy. Conclusion: Insufficient informal social support during pregnancy appears to predict risk of joint PPD in mothers and fathers and should be identified early on to limit complications and the impact on children.
Published: 2020

46. Rapid Anxiolytic Effects of RS67333, a Serotonin Type 4 Receptor Agonist, and Diazepam, a Benzodiazepine, Are Mediated by Projections From the Prefrontal Cortex to the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus

Author: René Hen, Indira Mendez-David, Christine A. Denny, Charlène Faye, Bruno P. Guiard, Alain M. Gardier, Denis J. David, Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Columbia University [New York], Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale - UMR5169 (CRCA), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Agonist, Serotonin, medicine.drug_class, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmacology, 5-HT(4) Receptor agonist, Anxiety, Anxiolytic, Prefrontal cortex, 03 medical and health sciences, Glutamatergic, Benzodiazepines, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Dorsal raphe nucleus, Piperidines, medicine, Animals, Biological Psychiatry, Benzodiazepine, Aniline Compounds, Diazepam, Chemistry, Fast onset, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anti-Anxiety Agents, nervous system, Pyramidal cell, Optogenetic, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Background: Activation of serotonin (5-HT) type 4 receptors (5-HT4Rs) has been shown to have anxiolytic effects in a variety of animal models. Characterizing the circuits responsible for these effects should offer insights into new approaches to treat anxiety.Methods: We evaluated whether acute 5-HT4R activation in glutamatergic axon terminals arising from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) induced fast anxiolytic effects. Anxiolytic effects of an acute systemic administration (1.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or intra-mPFC infusion with the 5-HT4R agonist, RS67333 (0.5 μg/side), were examined in mice. To provide evidence that anxiolytic effects of RS67333 recruited an mPFC-DRN neural circuit, in vivo recordings of firing rate of DRN 5-HT neurons, cerebral 5-HT depletion, and optogenetic activation and silencing were performed.Results: Acute systemic administration and intra-mPFC infusion of RS67333 produced fast anxiolytic effects and increased DRN 5-HT cell firing. Serotonin depletion prevented anxiolytic effects induced by mPFC infusion of RS67333. Surprisingly the anxiolytic effects of mPFC infusion diazepam (1.5 μg/side) were also blocked by 5-HT depletion. Optogenetically activating mPFC terminals targeting the DRN reduced anxiety, whereas silencing this circuit blocked RS67333 and diazepam mPFC infusion-induced anxiolytic effects. Finally, anxiolytic effects induced by an acute systemic RS67333 or diazepam administration were partially blocked after optogenetically inhibiting cortical glutamatergic terminals in the DRN.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that activating 5-HT4R acutely in the mPFC or targeting mPFC pyramidal cell terminals in the DRN might constitute a strategy to produce a fast anxiolytic response.
Published: 2020

47. Explanatory factors of post-traumatic distress and burnout among hospital staff 6 months after Hurricane Irma in Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthelemy

Author: Lyderic Aubert, Lazare Noubou, Denis Boucaud-Maitre, Louis Jehel, Damien Metregiste, Service des Urgences [Fort-de-France, Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation [Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe], CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Antilles-Guyane [CIRE], Commission de la Qualité et de la Sécurité des Soins [Marigot, Saint-Martin], Service des Urgences et du SMUR [Marigot, Saint-Martin], Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Martin et Saint-Barthélémy-Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Martin et Saint-Barthélémy, Service de Psychiatrie [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Bodescot, Myriam, and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Questionnaires, Topography, Multivariate analysis, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Psychological intervention, Social Sciences, Poison control, Burnout, Geographical locations, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, 0302 clinical medicine, Electricity, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Burnout, Professional, Islands, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Cyclonic Storms, Physics, Statistics, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Middle Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Checklist, Distress, Research Design, Physical Sciences, Female, Bivariate Analysis, Research Article, Adult, West Indies, Science, Population, education, Psychological Stress, Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Research and Analysis Methods, Neuroses, 03 medical and health sciences, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Injury prevention, Humans, Statistical Methods, Saint-BarthÃ©lemy, Caribbean, Landforms, Survey Research, business.industry, Biology and Life Sciences, Geomorphology, 030227 psychiatry, Personnel, Hospital, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, North America, Multivariate Analysis, Earth Sciences, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, People and places, business, Mathematics, Demography
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:In September 2017, the Hurricane Irma devastated the islands of Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthelemy (French West Indies). This was a particularly distressing time for the local healthcare staff in charge of rescuing the population. The aim of this study was to identify the explanatory factors of post-traumatic distress and burnout in hospital staff.METHODS:An anonymous questionnaire was sent to all 509 hospital workers of Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthelemy. Post-traumatic distress and burnout was assessed using the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-S) and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) scales. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the explanatory variables for these two psychological disorders.RESULTS:Two hundred and sixty-two questionnaires were completed (response rate of 51.7%). The explanatory factors of post-traumatic distress were female gender (OR = 12.93, 95% CI: 2.70-232.10), electricity shortages (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.13-8.19) and home damage (OR = 1.16, 95% CI [1.02-1.33]). In parallel, the explanatory factors of burnout were post-traumatic distress (OR: 10.42, 95% CI: 4.72-25.58), female gender (OR = 2,41, 95% CI: 1.24-5.02) and paramedical staff (OR = 2,53, 95% CI: 1.15-6.21). In the multivariate analysis, only burnout was significantly associated with post-traumatic distress (OR = 9.26, 95% CI: 4.11-23.14).CONCLUSIONS:Six months after Irma, post-traumatic distress among hospital staff was strongly linked to burnout. This study revealed the lack of electricity as a new factor related to post-traumatic distress. It also suggested that psychological intervention should be strengthened.
Published: 2020

48. NLP Applied to Online Suicide Intention Detection

Author: Mathieu Guidere, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), guidere, mathieu, and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, [SCCO] Cognitive science, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, online media, demo, predictive linguistics, [SCCO]Cognitive science, machine learning, [SCCO.COMP] Cognitive science/Computer science, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, suicide surveillance, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, monitoring system
Abstract: International audience; Combining linguistic data and behavioral sciences, we use NLP to implement machine learning and inspect social media in a suicide surveillance system. We have conducted prospective studies to understand the linguistic expressions, and discourse features of suicidal subjects. The goal of this research was to build a machine learning processing using the linguistic characteristics. To achieve this, we applied machine learning classifiers on linguistic data captured from heterogeneous sources (blogs, websites, forums, social networks, etc.). The captured data were then used for training machine on information extraction in order to identify linguistic markers of suicide. In this paper, we provide an overview of the automated tracking and monitoring system for suicidal ideation and risk, which draws on predictive linguistics methods and techniques, based on a large sample of suicide messages posted online.
Published: 2020

49. Psycholinguistique et Santé mentale : de l'évaluation à la prévention

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Intelligence artificielle -- Logiciels, Psycholinguistics, pandemic, Psychotraumatisme, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, prédictive, psychotrauma, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, artificial intelligence, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Psycholinguistique, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, épidémiologie, predictive, mental health, Santé mentale secteur psychiatrique
Abstract: International audience; The psycholinguistic analysis of the verbalizations of people suffering from mental health disorders (stress, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, etc.) now benefits from the contributions of predictive linguistics and from the techniques of machine learning in artificial intelligence. It thus allows patients' words to be taken into account in a more systematic and rigorous manner, in order to prevent illnesses and to improve care. Advances in this type of semi-automated analysis augur well for diagnosis aid systems in psychiatry and clinical psychology, as well as automated mental health monitoring systems. This article presents an overview of the foundations of this innovative methodology, with a practical application aimed at the assessment and analysis of psychotrauma following a pandemic.; L'analyse psycholinguistique des verbalisations des personnes souffrant de désordres de santé mentale (stress, anxiété, dépression, idéation suicidaire, etc.) bénéficie désormais des apports de la linguistique prédictive et des techniques d'apprentissage de l'intelligence artificielle. Elle permet ainsi de prendre en considération la parole des patients de manière plus systématique et plus rigoureuse, et cela en vue de la prévention et de l'amélioration du soin. Les progrès réalisées dans ce type d'analyses semi-automatisées augurent de système d'aide au diagnostic en psychiatrie et en psychologie clinique, ainsi que de systèmes de veille automatisés en santé mentale. Le présent article présente un aperçu des fondements de cette méthodologie innovante, avec une application pratique visant l'évaluation et l'analyse des psychotraumatismes dus à une pandémie. Mots-clés: Psycholinguistique, prédictive, intelligence artificielle, santé mentale, psychotraumatisme, pandémie.
Published: 2020

50. Psycholinguistics and Mental Health : from Assessment to Prevention

Author: Guidère, Mathieu, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and guidere, mathieu
Subjects: Intelligence artificielle -- Logiciels, Psycholinguistics, pandemic, Psychotraumatisme, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, prédictive, [SCCO] Cognitive science, psychotrauma, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, artificial intelligence, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO.COMP] Cognitive science/Computer science, Psycholinguistique, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, épidémiologie, predictive, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, mental health, Santé mentale secteur psychiatrique
Abstract: The psycholinguistic analysis of the verbalizations of people suffering from mental health disorders (stress, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, etc.) now benefits from the contributions of predictive linguistics and from the techniques of machine learning in artificial intelligence. It thus allows patients' words to be taken into account in a more systematic and rigorous manner, in order to prevent illnesses and to improve care. Advances in this type of semi-automated analysis augur well for diagnosis aid systems in psychiatry and clinical psychology, as well as automated mental health monitoring systems. This article presents an overview of the foundations of this innovative methodology, with a practical application aimed at the assessment and analysis of psychotrauma following a pandemic., L'analyse psycholinguistique des verbalisations des personnes souffrant de désordres de santé mentale (stress, anxiété, dépression, idéation suicidaire, etc.) bénéficie désormais des apports de la linguistique prédictive et des techniques d'apprentissage de l'intelligence artificielle. Elle permet ainsi de prendre en considération la parole des patients de manière plus systématique et plus rigoureuse, et cela en vue de la prévention et de l'amélioration du soin. Les progrès réalisées dans ce type d'analyses semi-automatisées augurent de système d'aide au diagnostic en psychiatrie et en psychologie clinique, ainsi que de systèmes de veille automatisés en santé mentale. Le présent article présente un aperçu des fondements de cette méthodologie innovante, avec une application pratique visant l'évaluation et l'analyse des psychotraumatismes dus à une pandémie. Mots-clés: Psycholinguistique, prédictive, intelligence artificielle, santé mentale, psychotraumatisme, pandémie.
Published: 2020

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