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In recent years, the use of educational apps within the classroom has raised significantly. There is almost an infinite number of language learning apps in the digital market. However, one app that could successfully promote intercultural communicative competence in and outside the classroom is Tandem, a language exchange mobile app that allows users from all over the world to practice languages as a community. The following research paper approaches the use of Tandem in and outside the classroom to foster interculturalism. Tandem is a mobile app that permits individuals to help each other in practicing or learning any language they prefer by interaction and mutual benefit. While one person practices a particular language, the other person gives feedback and also practices another target language. Thus, this characteristic facilitates language acquisition and fosters the awareness of cultural diversity within the classroom. The objective of this proposal is to identify and study the relationship between the use of the language exchange mobile app Tandem and the development of intercultural communicative competence in EFL students. This intervention proposal suggests complementing the EFL secondary level classroom with conversation exchange sessions between students and native speakers by giving specific topics for students to discuss with their Tandem partner. Additionally, students will develop a variety of activities based on intercultural learning approaches from conversation to discussion and reflection. All the activities are blended to increase both linguistic and intercultural skills.

To analyze users' doubts and the means of communication used by CI-COVID-19 to disseminate reliable information about the pandemic, as well as users' satisfaction with the service. Methods: This is a qualitative and quantitative, observational and descriptive study on the implementation of CI-COVID-19. A priori, the channels, means and communication vehicles used were characterized. Then, the content of doubts and fake news was organized by thematic categories and the distribution frequency of each of these categories was determined. In addition, the sources of information used were identified and classified. Finally, the evaluation of users' satisfaction regarding the service provided was analyzed. Results: Over 365 days of activity, CI-COVID-19 used the electronic channel of communication, through visual, audiovisual and auditory means, through social media. During this period, CI-COVID-19 received 330 requests and 610 sources of information were used to answer them, with 48.52% (n=296) classified as primary sources, 20.00% (n=112) as secondary sources and 31.48% (n=192) as tertiary sources. Finally, service users were very satisfied with the work provided. Conclusion: CI-COVID-19 played an important role in combating the infodemic, using various communication channels to spread quality information and having scientific articles as the main source of information about the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus. The high degree of users' satisfaction demonstrates the service provided. Analizar las dudas de los usuarios y los medios de comunicación utilizados por el CI-COVID-19 para difundir información confiable sobre la pandemia, así como la satisfacción de los usuarios con el servicio. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo, observacional y descriptivo sobre la implementación del CI-COVID-19. A priori se caracterizaron los canales, medios y vehículos de comunicación utilizados. Luego, se organizó el contenido de dudas y fake news por categorías temáticas y se determinó la frecuencia de distribución de cada una de estas categorías. Además, se identificaron y clasificaron las fuentes de información utilizadas. Finalmente, se analizó la evaluación de la satisfacción de los usuarios con respecto al servicio prestado. Resultados: Durante 365 días de actividad, el CI-COVID-19 utilizó el canal electrónico de comunicación, a través de medios visuales, audiovisuales y auditivos, a través de las redes sociales. Durante este período, CI-COVID-19 recibió 330 solicitudes y para responderlas se utilizaron 610 fuentes de información, clasificándose el 48,52% (n=296) como fuentes primarias, el 20,00% (n=112) como fuentes secundarias y el 31,48% ( n=192) como fuentes terciarias. Finalmente, los usuarios del servicio quedaron muy satisfechos con el trabajo realizado. Conclusión: CI-COVID-19 jugó un papel importante en el combate a la infodemia, utilizando diversos canales de comunicación para difundir información de calidad y teniendo como principal fuente de información los artículos científicos sobre la pandemia provocada por el nuevo coronavirus. El alto grado de satisfacción de los usuarios demuestra que el servicio brindado satisfizo las necesidades de la comunidad. Objetivos: Analisar as dúvidas dos usuários e os meios de comunicação usados pela CI- COVID-19 para a difusão de informações confiáveis sobre a pandemia, bem como a satisfação do usuário sobre o serviço. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo com caráter quali e quantitativo, observacional e descritivo sobre a implementação da CI-COVID-19. A priori, os canais, meios e veículos de comunicação utilizados foram caracterizados. Em seguida, o conteúdo das dúvidas e fake news foi organizado por categorias temáticas e a frequência de distribuição de cada uma dessas categorias foi determinada. Além disso, as fontes de informação utilizadas foram identificadas e classificadas. Por fim, foi analisada a avaliação da satisfação do usuário a respeito do serviço prestado. Resultados: Ao longo de 365 dias de atividade, a CI-COVID-19 utilizou o canal eletrônico de comunicação, por meios visuais, audiovisuais e auditivos, através de mídias sociais. Nesse período, a CI-COVID-19 recebeu 330 solicitações e para respondê-las foram usadas 610 fontes de informação sendo 48,52% (n=296) classificadas como fontes primárias, 20,00% (n=112) como fontes secundárias e 31,48% (n=192) como fontes terciárias. Por último, os usuários do serviço se mostraram muito satisfeitos com o trabalho prestado. Conclusão: A CI-COVID-19 desempenhou um papel importante no combate à infodemia, utilizando diversos canais de comunicação para propagação de informações de qualidade e tendo os artigos científicos como principal fonte de informação sobre a pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus. O elevado grau de satisfação dos usuários demonstra que o serviço prestado atendeu às necessidades da comunidade.

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La Esparragosa es un yacimiento neolítico situado en la banda atlántica, en el entorno de la Bahía de Cádiz, en la orilla norte del estrecho de Gibraltar (Chiclana de la Frontera, Cádiz, España). En esta obra hemos presentado su enmarque geográfico y geológico y su proximidad al litoral, pero también hemos podido comprobar la riqueza de recursos del entorno (agua, materias primas líticas, fauna terrestre, fauna marina, vegetales, sal…), que fueron explotados por las sociedades tribales que ocuparon el asentamiento.

Objective: We analyze the processing sequence involved in the manufacture of a skull‐cup and the manipulation of human bones from the Early Neolithic of Cueva de El Toro (Malaga, Spain). Materials and methods: The Early Neolithic material studied includes human remains found in two separate assemblages. Assemblage A consists of one skull‐cup, a non‐manipulated adult human mandible, and four ceramic vessels. Assemblage B contains manipulated and non‐manipulated human remains that appeared mingled with domestic waste. Using a taphonomic approach, we evaluate the skull‐cup processing and the anthropogenic alteration of human bones. Results: The skull‐cup was processed by careful paring away of skin, fragmentation of the facial skeleton and base of the skull, and controlled percussion of the edges of the calotte to achieve a regular shape. It was later boiled for some time in a container that caused pot polish in a specific area. The other human bones appeared scattered throughout the living area, mixed with other remains of domestic activity. Some of these bones show cut marks, percussion damage for marrow extraction, and tooth/chewing marks. Discussion: Evidence from Cueva de El Toro suggests that cannibalism was conducted in the domestic sphere, likely following ritualized practices where the skull‐cup could have played a part. Interpretation of this evidence suggests two hypotheses: (a) aggressive cannibalism relates to extreme inter‐group violence; and (b) funerary cannibalism is a facet of multi‐stage burial practices. Similar evidence has been found in other Neolithic sites of this region and suggests that cannibalism and skull‐cups were elements widespread in these communities. These practices may be linked to significant transformations associated with the end of the Early Neolithic in southern Iberia.

[EN] Kharaysin is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and Pre-Pottery Neolithic B site, dated between the end of the 10th millennium and the first half of the 8th millennium cal BC. It is located at the village of Quneya, by the Zarqa River, with 25 ha in extension. Up to the present, four phases of occupation have been discovered, two corresponding to the PPNA and two to the PPNB. The abundant instruments, human, animal and botanical remains, figurines and so on recovered in Kharaysin allow us considering Kharaysin as a key site for understanding the first sedentary villages and the process of invention of agriculture and livestock in northern Jordan., [ES] Kharaysin es un yacimiento datado en el Neolítico Precerámico A y B, entre finales del x y la primera mitad del viii milenio cal a. C., situado en el pueblo de Quneya, junto al río Zarqa, con 25 ha de extensión. Por el momento se han detectado cuatro fases de ocupación: dos correspondientes al Precerámico A y otras dos al B. La abundancia de restos humanos, de utillaje, faunísticos y arqueobotánicos recuperados hace de Kharaysin un yacimiento clave para comprender los orígenes de la agricultura y la ganadería, así como el proceso de sedentarización de las poblaciones en el norte de Jordania.

Although the extensive use of lime plaster for architectural and other purposes is a characteristic hallmark of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) in the southern Levant, no obvious kilns have been identified in archaeological contexts yet. In this work we present details of archaeological pit-kiln structures used to lime-plaster production found in the Kharaysin PPNB site (Jordan). Geochemical, mineralogical and petrological characterization of the associated raw materials and products, lime-plaster floor and mortars, from the same site allowed the tracing of the early production and use of lime.

Resumen del trabajo presentado al VI Congreso del Neolítico en la Península Ibérica: "Los cambios económicos y sus implicaciones sociales durante el Neolítico de la Península Ibérica", celebrado en Granada del 22 al 26 de junio de 2016.-- et al., El marco del proyecto I+D: “Aproximación a las primeras comunidades neolíticas del NE peninsular a través de sus prácticas funerarias” (2011-2015), y su continuidad para los próximos cuatro años al haber sido renovado, tiene por objetivo conocer cada día más y mejor las comunidades de agricultores y pastores que entre finales del V e inicios del IV milenio cal BC ocuparon y enterraron a sus muertos en el noreste de la Península Ibérica. El contexto de estudio es excepcional, puesto que aquellas comunidades inhumaron sistemáticamente a sus congéneres en tumbas habitualmente individuales y ocasionalmente junto a otro individuo. En esta presentación no sólo queremos mostrar los nuevos análisis y metodologías que estamos aplicando al estudio de los restos humanos, sino también el modelo de trabajo que hemos seguido. A este respecto, tres aspectos son fundamentales: 1) las dataciones absolutas son el eje que vertebra los posteriores análisis; 2) la colaboración con los distintos investigadores/as y laboratorios debe ser estrecha (no es cuestión de solicitar los resultados de un análisis a un laboratorio sino trabajar con las personas que manipulan las muestras y conocen los pros y contras de cada una de las técnicas empleadas) y 3) los estudios y análisis a realizar confluyen para responder a las hipótesis planteadas. A este respecto, en el proyecto hemos tenido la fortuna de poder colaborar con numerosos investigadores/as cuya especialidad versa alrededor de los restos funerarios y que firman la presente comunicación: análisis isotópicos, Adn, tafonomía funeraria, estudios de stress muscular y análisis de morfología dental.

Canadá importa actualmente frutas y verduras frescas que no son producidas internamente pero su consumo va en aumento según la propagación y divulgación de algunos productos, convirtiendo a este país en un mercado potencial para la exportación de frutas exóticas y en el cual la competencia local es mínima. El plan de negocio y la propuesta de valor ofrecida por Fruit Canadá consiste en aprovechar el las ventajas del tratado de libre comercio que actualmente se tiene con este país y exportar maracuyá fresca o en pulpa a precios competitivos y puesta en la central de acopio de Vancouver – Canadá. Canada currently imports fresh fruits and vegetables that are not produced domestically, its consumption is increasing as the spread and dissemination of some products, turning the country into a potential market for the export of exotic fruits and where local competition is minimal . The business plan and the value proposition offered by Fruit Canada is to exploit the advantages of the free trade agreement currently has with this country and exporting fresh passion fruit pulp or competitively priced and start gathering the central Vancouver - Canada. Especialista en Gerencia de Proyectos

De cazadores-recolectores a agricultores y ganaderos en Siria Centro-Occidental y del Sur: campaña de 2010