Search

Supplementary Methods; Supplementary Figures S1 to S11; Supplementary Tables S1 to S7; Supplementary References

Kolotl magnus (Beutelspacher and López-Forment, 1991), n. comb. Figures 1–2, 4, 6A, 7A, 8A, 9, 11, 14A–D; tables 1–3 Diplocentrus magnus Beutelspacher and López-Forment, 1991: 33–40; Fritts and Sissom, 1996: 44; Kovařík, 1998: 130; Sissom and Fet, 2000: 340; Teruel, 2003: 50, 55; Francke and Quijano-Ravell, 2009: 662, 663, Volschenk and Prendini, 2008: 236; Sissom and Reddell, 2009: 21. TYPE MATERIAL: MEXICO: GUERRERO: Municipio de Acapulco de Juárez: holotype ♀ (CNAN-T0122), Puerto Marquéz, 2 km W [16°48.984′N 99°50.779′W], 8.vii.1974, W.J. Mautz, collected at entrance of a crevice in a granite boulder. Paratype ♂ (CNAN-T0123), Puerto Marquéz, 5 km W [16°49.401′N 99°51.594′W], 21.vi.1985, W. López-Forment., Published as part of Santibáñez-López, Carlos E., Francke, Oscar F. & Prendini, Lorenzo, 2014, Kolotl, n. gen. (Scorpiones: Diplocentridae), a New Scorpion Genus from Mexico, pp. 1 in American Museum Novitates 2014 (3815) on page 1, DOI: 10.1206/3815.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5367639, {"references":["Kovarik, F. 1998. Stiri (Scorpions). Jihlava, Czech Republic: Madagaskar. 175 pp. [in Czech]","Sissom, W. D., and V. Fet. 2000. Family Diplocentridae Karsch, 1880. In V. Fet, W. D. Sissom, G. Lowe, and M. E. Braunwalder, Catalog of the scorpions of the world (1758 - 1998): 329 - 354. New York: New York Entomological Society.","Teruel, R. 2003. Un nuevo escorpion del genero Diplocentrus Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Diplocentridae) del estado de Guerrero, Mexico. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia 76: 49 - 53.","Volschenk, E. S., and L. Prendini. 2008. Aops oncodactylys, gen. et sp. nov., the first troglobitic urodacid (Urodacidae: Scorpiones), with a re-assessment of cavernicolous, troglobitic and troglomorphic scorpions. Invertebrate Systematics 22: 235 - 257.","Sissom, W. D., and J. R. Reddell. 2009. Cave scorpions of Mexico and the United States. Studies on the cave and endogean fauna of North America V. Texas Memorial Museum, Speleological Monographs 7: 19 - 32."]}

Santibáñez-López, Carlos E., Francke, Oscar F., Prendini, Lorenzo (2014): Kolotl, n. gen. (Scorpiones: Diplocentridae), a New Scorpion Genus from Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2014 (3815): 1, DOI: 10.1206/3815.1, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/3815.1

Centruroides franckei n. sp. (Figs. 1 A–B, 2 A–B, 3 A–B, 4 A–B, E–F, 5, 7) TYPE MATERIAL. MEXICO. OAXACA: DISTRITO DE JUQUILA. Holotype ♂ (CNAN-T0783), San Pedro Juchatengo 16 ° 21.824 ’N 97 °06.584’W, 845 m, 27.June. 2006, O. Francke, G. Villegas, H. Montaño, C. Santibáñez and A. Valdez. Paratypes: 6 ♂, 1 ♀ (CNAN-T0784), 3 ♂, 1 ♀ (AMNH), same data as holotype. ETYMOLOGY. This species is dedicated to Oscar Francke for his contributions to Mexican arachnology and for all his guidance through all these years. DIAGNOSIS. The following character combination is diagnostic for C. franckei, n. sp. Total length (adults) 36– 40 mm. Base coloration (adults) yellow to orange yellowish. Pedipalp yellow to brownish orange, weakly infuscated. Pectinal tooth count, 19–21 (♂, n= 9, mode= 19) or 18–19 (♀, n= 2, mode= 19), pedipalp movable finger inner accessory denticle count 23–28 (mode= 24, +/– std= 1.53), movable finger outer accessory denticle count 25– 31 (mode= 26, +/– std= 1.7). Subaculear tooth strong, conical, tip pointing towards the middle of the aculeus. Metasomal segment V length:width ratio, mean= 2.84 (♂), mean= 2.10 (♀), segment V width:height ratio, mean= 1.07 (♂), mean= 1.09 (♀). Vesicle width: metasomal segment V width ratio, mean= 0.84 (♂), mean= 0.73 (♀). Centruroides franckei, n. sp., is most similar to Centruroides hoffmanni Armas, 1996, and Centruroides nigrovariatus (Pocock, 1898) on the basis of similar pectinal tooth count and the presence of the subaculear tooth. However, they can be distinguished as follows. C. franckei, n. sp. is a small-sized species (adults 36–40 mm), while C. nigrovariatus (adults 40–46 mm) and C. hoffmanni (adults 42–46 mm) are medium-sized species. Metasomal carination is strongly infuscated in C. hoffmanni, and weakly infuscated in C. franckei and in C. nigrovariatus. Telson vesicle ventral surface is moderately to strongly infuscated in C. hoffmanni, weakly to moderately in C. nigrovariatus, and weakly infuscated in C. franckei, n. sp. The subaculear tooth is weakly developed in C. nigrovariatus, and it is strongly developed in C. hoffmanni and C. franckei, n. sp. The pedipalp movable finger inner accessory denticle count in C. hoffmanni is higher (n= 10, mode= 30, +/– std= 1.2) than in C. nigrovariatus (n= 8, mode= 27, +/– std= 1.2) and in C. franckei, n. sp. (n= 21, mode= 24, +/– std= 1.5). DESCRIPTION. Based on holotype ♂ (Fig. 5 A–B) and paratype ♀ (Fig. 5 C–D) with differences in paratype ♀ noted. Measurements in table 1. Coloration. Carapace yellow to orange, weakly infuscated. Coxosternum pale yellow to orange. Pedipalps yellow to brownish orange, weakly infuscated on the dorsal and external intercarinal surfaces, not infuscated on ventral intercarinal surface. Legs pale yellow to orange, uniformly infuscated. Mesosoma yellowish orange to brown, with two longitudinal bands along the tergites formed by dark marks on the post- tergites only (Fig. 5). Metasoma yellowish orange; carina weakly infuscate, dusky markings present only on ventral intercarinal surfaces of all segments. Telson yellow to orange. Carapace. Anterior margin moderately granular, straight to weakly emarginated. Carapacial anterior median and central median carinae conspicuous, indicated by small granules, superciliary carina moderate, indicated by small to large granules, other carinae indistinct (Fig. 1 A–B). Centruroides franckei n. sp. Pedipalps. Orthobothriotaxic Type A, femur with alpha configuration of dorsal trichobothria. Femur. External intercarinal surface, with large granules, all other intercarinal surfaces minutely granular. Dorsointernal, dorsoexternal and ventroexternal carinae strongly developed, granular; ventroexternal carina moderately developed, granular; ventrointernal carina moderate to weak, sparsely granular. Patella. Internal intercarinal surface with few large conical granules; dorsal, external and ventral intercarinal surfaces minutely granular. Dorsointernal carina moderately developed, sparsely granular; dorsomedial and dorsoexternal carinae moderately to weakly developed, weakly crenulate to granular; ventrointernal carina weakly developed, minutely granular. Chela manus (Fig. 2 A–B). Slender; intercarinal surfaces minutely granular to smooth, dorsomarginal carina weak to moderately developed, minutely granular; dorsal secondary carina weakly to moderately developed, granular; digital carina weakly developed, granular; other carinae weakly developed to obsolete. Pedipalp fixed fingers with eight oblique rows of denticles, flanked by 24 / 23 (right/left, ♂), 25 / 25 (right/left, ♀) internal accessory denticles, and 26 / 25 (right/left, ♂), 30 / 27 (right/left, ♀) external accessory denticles; pedipalp movable finger with eight oblique rows of denticles, flanked by 26 / 27 (right/left, ♂), 26 / 25 (right/left, ♀) internal accessory denticles, and 26 / 27 (right/left, ♂), 31 / 28 (right/left, ♀) external accessory denticles. Pectines. Pectinal basal piece 1.84 wider than long (♂), 1.82 (♀); posterior margin slightly concave to straight (♂), slightly rounded (♀). Pectinal tooth count 20–21 (♂), 19 – 18 (♀) (Fig. 3 A–B). Mesosoma. Tergites I–IV, pre-tergites minutely granular, post-tergites densely granular; tergal median carina on I–VI weakly to moderately developed, granular. Tergite VII granular; VII median carina moderately developed, granular; submedian carinae moderately developed, granular; lateral carinae moderately developed, granular. Sternites smooth; VII submedian carinae weakly developed, granular; lateral carinae weakly to moderately developed, granular. Metasoma. All intercarinal surfaces smooth to minutely granular. Segments I–IV, dorsolateral carinae moderately developed, granular to serrate on I–III, weakly developed, granular on IV; lateral supramedian carinae moderately developed, granular to slightly serrate on I–III, weakly developed, granular on IV; lateral inframedian carinae moderately developed, granular on I, obsolete on II–IV; ventrolateral carinae moderately developed, granular to slightly serrate; ventrosubmedian carinae moderately developed, granular to serrate. Segment V length:width ratio, 2.95 (♂), 2.13 (♀); dorsolateral carina weakly developed to obsolete, smooth to granular; ventrolateral carina weakly developed, granular; ventromedian carina weakly developed to vestigial, slightly granular to smooth (Fig. 4 A–B, E–F). Telson. Vesicle slender and long in (#m), oval in (#f). Subaculear tooth strong, conical, its tip pointing towards the middle of aculeus; all surfaces smooth (Fig. 4 A–B, E–F). Legs. Very long and slender; telotarsi with ventral surface densely covered by fine setae. DISTRIBUTION. Centruorides franckei, n. sp. is recorded only from type locality in the southern mountain range in Oaxaca (Fig. 7). ECOLOGY. This species was collected with the aid of UV light at night, roaming on the surface. The area where this species was collected was heavily disturbed, but there were remnants of dry tropical deciduous forest. The habitat and the habitus of Centruroides franckei, n. sp. are consistent with the lapidicolous ecomorphotype (Prendini, 2001).

Centruroides rodolfoi n. sp. (Figs. 1 C–D, 2 C–D, 3 C–D, 4 C–D, G–H, 6, 7) TYPE MATERIAL. MEXICO. OAXACA. DISTRITO DE TLAXIACO. Holotype ♂ (CNAN-T0785), 2 km NE Guadalupe Hidalgo, federal road 125, N Tlaxiaco 17 ° 21.0804 ’N 97 ° 37.7826 ’W, 2399 m, 13.September. 2010, O. Francke, D. Barrales, J. Cruz and A. Valdez. Paratypes: 3 ♂, 2 ♀ (CNAN-T0786) and 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (AMNH), same data as holotype. ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithet is dedicated to Rodolfo (Spanish word for Rudolph, the red-nose reindeer), which brings hope, peace and joy in holidays. DIAGNOSIS. The following character combination is diagnostic for C. rodolfoi, n. sp. Total length (adults) 45– 52 mm. Base coloration (adults) yellow to yellowish brown. Pedipalp yellow to yellowish brown, with dense dusky markings on dorsal and external intercarinal surfaces. Pectinal tooth count 18–20 (♂, n= 6, mode= 19) or 17–18 (♀, n= 4, mode 17), pedipalp movable finger inner accessory denticles count 25–28 (mode= 27, +/– std= 0.9), movable finger outer accessory denticles count 25–29 (mode= 28, +/– std= 1.1). Subaculear tooth absent. Metasomal segment V length:width ratio, mean= 2.18 (♂), segment V width:height ratio, mean= 1.16 (♂). Vesicle width: metasomal segment V width ratio, mean= 0.69 (♂). Centruroides rodolfoi, n. sp., is most similar to Centruroides serrano Santibáñez-López & Ponce-Saavedra 2009 on the basis of similar vesicle shape (♂), and similar metasomal segment V width:height ratio (♂); to Centruroides orizaba Armas & Martín-Frías, 2003 on similar pectinal tooth counts and adult size, and to Centruroides baergi Hoffmann, 1932 on the basis of the development of the subaculear tooth (obsolete in both species). But it can be distinguished from them as follows. C. rodolfoi, n. sp., is a relatively medium-sized species (adults 43–48 mm), while adults of C. serrano are bigger (51–59 mm). Pectinal tooth count in C. rodolfoi, n. sp., is lower (♂, 18–20, mode= 19) than in C. serrano (♂, 23–27, mode= 24). Pedipalp movable finger inner accessory denticles count is higher in C. serrano (34–44, mode= 37, +/– std= 4.2) than in C. rodolfoi, n. sp. (25–28, mode= 28, +/ – std= 1.1). The subaculear tooth is present and strongly developed, conical in C. serrano, weakly developed in adults, and strongly developed in juveniles of C. orizaba (see Martín-Frías et al., 2007), and it is absent in C. rodolfoi, n. sp. Metasomal segment V is longer and slender in C. baergi (Segment V length:width ratio mean= 3.43, ♂; Segment V width:height ratio mean= 0.93, ♂), and wider and higher in C. rodolfoi, n. sp. (Segment V length:width ratio mean= 2.18, ♂; Segment V width:height ratio mean= 1.16, ♂). Pectinal tooth count is slightly higher in C. baergi (21–23, mode= 23, ♂) than in C. rodolfoi, n. sp. (18–20, mode= 19, ♂). Pedipalp movable finger outer denticles count is higher in C. baergi (31–38, mode= 36, +/– std= 2.5) than in C. rodolfoi, n. sp. (25–29, mode= 28, +/– std= 1.1). DESCRIPTION. Based on holotype ♂ and paratype ♀ (Fig. 6 A–B) with differences in paratype ♀ (Fig. 6 C–D) noted. Measurements in table 2. Coloration. Carapace yellow to brown with dense dusky markings. Coxosternum pale yellow. Pedipalps yellow to yellowish brown, with dense dusky markings on the dorsal and external intercarinal surfaces, without them on ventral intercarinal surfaces. Legs pale yellow, uniformly infuscate. Mesosoma yellow, with two longitudinal bands on the tergites formed by dark marks on the pre- and post- tergites (Fig. 6). Metasoma pale yellow to orange; carinae weakly infuscate, dusky markings present only on ventral intercarinal surfaces of all segments. Telson yellow to orange. Carapace. Anterior margin minutely granular, straight to weakly emarginated. Carapacial anterior median and central median carinae conspicuous, indicated by small granules, superciliary carina moderate, indicated by small to large granules (Fig. 1 C–D). Pedipalps. Orthobothriotaxic Type A, femur with alpha configuration of dorsal trichobothria. Femur. Intercarinal surfaces smooth. Dorsointernal, dorsoexternal and ventroexternal carinae strongly developed, serrate to granular; ventrointernal carina moderate to weak, sparsely granular. Patella. Internal intercarinal surface with large conical granules; dorsal, external and ventral intercarinal surfaces smooth. Dorsointernal carina moderately developed, sparsely serrate; dorsomedial and dorsoexternal carinae moderately to weakly developed, weakly crenulate to smooth; ventroexternal carina moderately developed, granular; ventrointernal carina weakly developed, minutely granular. Chela manus (Fig. 2 C–D). Slender; intercarinal surfaces minutely granular; dorsomarginal carina weak to moderately developed, minutely granular; dorsal secondary carina weakly to moderately developed, granular; digital carina weakly developed, granular; ventroexternal carina weakly to moderately developed, granular; other carinae weakly developed to obsolete. Pedipalp fixed fingers with eight oblique rows of denticles (with one short row at the tip), flanked by 22 / 23 (right/left, ♂), 23 / 24 (right/left, ♀) internal accessory denticles, and 25 / 27 (right/ left, ♂), 26 / 27 (right/left, ♀) external accessory denticles; pedipalp movable finger with eight oblique rows of denticles (with one short row at the tip), flanked by 28 / 27 (right/left, ♂), 26 / 28 (right/left, ♀) internal accessory denticles, and 28 / 28 (right/left, ♂), 28 / 30 (right/left, ♀) external accessory denticles. Pectines. Pectinal basal piece 2.14 wider than long, 2.8 (♀); posterior margin straight (♂, ♀). Pectinal tooth count 20 – 20 (♂), 17 – 17 (♀) (Fig. 3 C–D). Centruroides rodolfoi n. sp. Holotype Paratype Paratype Paratype Paratype Paratype Paratype Paratype Paratype Paratype Mesosoma. Tergites I–IV, pre-tergites smooth to minutely granular, post-tergites granular. Tergite VII granular; median carina moderately developed, granular; submedian carinae moderately developed, granular; lateral carinae moderately developed, granular to slightly serrate. Sternites smooth; VII with submedian carinae weakly developed, slightly granular; lateral carinae moderately developed, granular to slightly serrate. Metasoma. All intercarinal surfaces smooth to shagreened. Segments I–IV, dorsolateral carinae moderately developed, granular; lateral supramedian carinae moderately developed, granular to slightly serrate; lateral inframedian carinae moderately developed, granular on I, weakly developed to faint, smooth on II–IV; ventrolateral carinae moderately developed, granular to slightly serrate; ventrosubmedian carinae moderately developed, granular to crenulate. Segment V length:width ratio, 1.93 (♂), 1.88 (♀); dorsolateral carina weakly developed, sparsely granular; ventrolateral carina moderately developed, granular; ventromedian carina weakly developed to vestigial, slightly granular to serrated (Fig. 4 C–D. G–H). Telson. Vesicle oval; subaculear tooth obsolete, all surfaces smooth (Fig. 4 C–D, G–H). Legs. Very long and slender; telotarsi with ventral surface covered by fine setae. DISTRIBUTION. Centruorides rodolfoi, n. sp. is recorded only from the type locality (Fig. 7). ECOLOGY. This species was collected with the aid of UV light at night, and turning rocks and logs during the day. The dominant vegetation where the species was collected is pine forest. The habitat and the habitus of Centruroides rodolfoi, n. sp. are consistent with the lapidicolous ecomorphotype (Prendini, 2001).

Santibáñez-López, Carlos E., Contreras-Félix, Gerardo A. (2013): Two new species of Centruroides Marx 1890 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico. Zootaxa 3734 (2): 130-140, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3734.2.2