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Astrid Widhowaty Santoso,1,&ast; Eri Amalia,2,&ast; Kartika Indah Sari,3 Veni Takarini,4 Irna Sufiawati5,&ast; 1Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 2Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 3Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 4Department of Dental Material Science and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 5Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Irna Sufiawati, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Sekeloa No. 1, Bandung, West Java, 40132, Indonesia, Tel +62-22-2504985, Email irna.sufiawati@unpad.ac.idIntroduction: Oral mucosal wounds present significant clinical challenges due to their susceptibility to infection, inflammation, and delayed healing. The limitation of standard anti-inflammatory drugs (both steroidal and non-steroidal) highlights the urgent need for plant-derived alternative therapies. Granola potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) from Pangalengan, West Java, Indonesia, has shown promise due to its bioactive compounds. However, its potential for wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects, specifically for oral mucosal wounds, remains largely unexplored.Purpose: To evaluate the wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity of Granola potato peel ethanol extract (GPPEE) on the oral mucosa of Wistar rats based on histopathological analysis.Materials and Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were wounded on the palatal mucosa using a 4 mm punch biopsy and subsequently divided into four groups: placebo gel, 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide ointment (TCA), 4% GPPEE gel, and 6% GPPEE gel. The rats were euthanized on days 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14. Histopathological parameters assessed included fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and the presence of inflammatory cells.Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids in the Granola potato peel ethanol extract (GPPEE). Significant differences in the number of inflammatory cells were observed on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 (p< 0.05), with the groups treated with 4% and 6% GPPEE gel initially exhibiting pro-inflammatory effects on day 3, followed by significant anti-inflammatory effects on days 7 and 14. The 6% GPPEE gel treatment demonstrated a notable increase in fibroblasts on days 1, 7, and 14 (p< 0.05), as well as collagen deposition on days 7 and 14 (p< 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in angiogenesis (p> 0.05).Conclusion: The application of 4% and 6% GPPEE gel demonstrated superior wound healing efficacy compared to 0.1% TCA and exhibited comparable anti-inflammatory activity to 0.1% TCA.Keywords: anti-inflammatory, granola, oral ulcer, potato peel extract, Solanum tuberosum, wound healing

The arrival and spread of Christianity along with the Dutch colonialism in Indonesia. This has an impact on the notion that Christianity is a colonial religion for “pribumi” Muslims in Indonesia. This article aims to offers the topic of Onesimus as Philemon’s brother in Paul’s letter to Philemon as a solution to conflict the religiousness between Christianity and Islam. The approach of this article is a postcolonial perspective, where building change from society tends to be positioned on the “two poles” or binary into a society that integrates with each other and rubs off between communities that are local, communal, and global simultaneously.

The world’s move to a global economy has an impact on the high rate of student academic failure. Higher education, as the affected party, is considered crucial in reducing student academic failure. This study aims to construct a prediction (predictive model) that can forecast students’ time to graduation in developing countries such as Indonesia, as well as the essential factors (attributes) that can explain it. This research used a data mining method. The data set used in this study is from an Indonesian university and contains demographic and academic records of 132,734 students. Demographic data (age, gender, marital status, employment, region, and minimum wage) and academic (i.e., grade point average (GPA)) were utilized as predictors of students’ time to graduation. The findings of this study show that (1) the prediction model using the random forest and neural networks algorithms has the highest classification accuracy (CA), and area under the curve (AUC) value in predicting students’ time to graduation (CA: 76% and AUC: 79%) compared to other models such as logistic regression, Naïve Bayes, and k-nearest neighbor; and (2) the most critical variable in predicting students’ time to graduation along with six other important variables is the student’s GPA.

The swamp buffalo is a valuable genetic resource and an important source of animal protein in Indonesia. Unfortunately, their population is decreasing due to problems attributed to conventional farming systems. The objective of the study was to examine the sustainability of swamp buffalo farming and identify the attributes that influence its sustainability. Data were collected through a focus group discussion involving experts and business actors in swamp buffalo farming and a survey on buffalo farmers. The study examined 52 attributes within 6 dimensions: ecological, economic, social, technological, institutional, and welfare dimensions. The data were analysed using multidimensional scaling through the Rapid Appraisal for Swamp Buffalo technique. The results of the study demonstrate that swamp buffalo farming in Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU), Hulu Sungai Selatan (HSS), and Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST) districts in South Kalimantan province has sustainability indices of 51.70, 53.13, and 48.87%, respectively. This study identified 12 leverage attributes that are very influential to the sustainability of swamp buffalo farming, i.e., climatic conditions, land suitability, marketing, income from swamp buffalo farming, mutual assistance, education level, processing technology, reproduction technology, the role of local government, capital institutions, programs from central government, and farmers’ welfare. Swamp buffalo farming in HSU and HSS is moderately sustainable, while in HST, it is less sustainable, suggesting improvement in the key factors influencing the sustainability of swamp buffalo farming. This study offers valuable insights for the government in formulating policies and programs for developing swamp buffalo farming and conserving swamp buffalo germplasm.

The present study investigated biodiesel production from the transesterification of palm oil with methanol using calcined biomass durian peel (BDP) as a heterogeneous catalyst assisted by microwave irradiation. Characterization of the calcined BDP showed that K2O is the main compound with a concentration of 86.15 wt%. The effect of three independent variables of catalyst weight (3–12 wt%), reaction time (1–10 min), and power of microwave (180–900 W) was used to determine the optimum condition on biodiesel production using the response surface method-based on the Box–Behnken design experiment. The optimum biodiesel conversion of 97.3% was achieved under experimental parameters of catalyst concentration of 12 wt%, reaction time of 9 min, and microwave power of 180 W. The catalyst concentration and reaction time have significant effects on biodiesel conversion.

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization announced the COVID-19 outbreak as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Despite the fact that orthopaedic departments are not considered first-line department in the war against pandemic, the pandemic has had a big effect on orthopaedic services. A few studies have found the pandemic effect on the orthopaedics field, but none have found the effect of a one- year pandemic, especially in Indonesia. This study aimed to know the effect of one-year COVID-19 on trauma of lower extremity at Orthopaedic Service in Prof Soeharso Top Referral Orthopaedic Hospital, Indonesia MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study. The study compared the population group during one year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia to the same period one year before. This study was conducted in Prof. Dr. R. Soeharso Orthopaedic Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia from March 2019-February 2021. The subjects were patients of lower extremity trauma both surgical procedure and outpatient visit. Patients recorded on other orthopaedic service support installations like radiology, laboratory, or physiotherapy were excluded. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction (54.9%) in total trauma of lower extremities patients in Prof Dr R Soeharso Orthopaedic Hospital, Surakarta, from 2146 (pre-COVID- 19) to 968 (during COVID-19) in the March 2019-February 2021 period. There was also a significant reduction (90.9%) in total cases outpatient visit in pre-COVID-19 compared to during COVID-19 (p

The continuous use of fuel reduces oil reserves which causes the availability of petroleum in Indonesia tend to decrease. To overcome the problem of oil supplies, renewable energy is needed as an alternative fuel, one of which is bio-gasoline as a substitute for gasoline. Bio-gasoline can be made from Crude Palm Oil offgrade via catalytic cracking that has the advantage of simple tools and shorter processes cracking. Heterogeneous catalyst CaO/α-Fe2O3 made of alkaline calcium oxide which can reduce the acidity of biogasoline and α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles acidic which can trigger the breakdown of the hydrocarbon chain. This study aims to synthesize bio-gasoline from CPO offgrade through catalytic cracking reactions using CaO/α-Fe2O3 heterogeneous catalyst. The results showed that bio-gasoline has been successfully produced by the cracking method with a yield of 46.18%. Based on GC-MS analysis of the product it is suspected to contain mixed compounds from the biogasoline such as heptane, octane, decane, nonane, and undecane. Physico-chemical characteristics of the biogasoline product for fraction III (F3) include density, viscosity, acid number, iodine number, and refractive index respectively of 0.73 g/mL; 2.76 cSt; 15.639 mg KOH/g sample; 2.29 g Iod/100g sample; and 1.465. The Biogasoline characterization is close to the Gasoline quality standard No. 0177.K/10/DJM.T/2018.

Silica is the most abundant compound on the Earth’s surface. The content of silica can be found in agricultural waste ash and mineral rocks. Extracting silica from natural sources is advantageous due to its economic feasibility and easily obtained. Silica has a wide range of applications, such as in fertilizers, adsorbents, organic reaction catalysis, biofuels/alternative energy production, and as an antimicrobial agent. One type of rock that contains the highest amount of silica is Pyrophyllite. Recent research trends have focused on various methods and sources for silica extraction, yet extracting silica from mineral rocks presents its own challenges. Pyrophyllite rock contains a high amount of silica, but its extraction is quite difficult due to the presence of crystalline silicate mineral phases. This study aims to compare the silica extraction process on Pyrophyllite rocks from Malang using the sol-gel method versus the alkali fusion method.

Lake Batur, designated as one of the National Priority Lakes in Indonesia, has experienced significant eutrophication in recent years. Waste generated from various anthropogenic activities, including agriculture, domestic, tourism, and floating net fishery (FNF), have collectively contributed to the decline in water quality and the eutrophication status of the lake. Our study aimed to evaluate the current eutrophication status of Lake Batur by analyzing the spatial and temporal variations in nutrient parameters, water transparency and phytoplankton biomass. Then we assessed strategies in controlling eutrophication in the lake using the Driving forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework. Currently, Lake Batur has reached mesotrophic to hypereutrophic levels. We identified that the main driving forces behind these concerning conditions were the significant increase of agricultural and FNF activities, particularly since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main environmental pressures showed that agriculture waste was the most dominant nutrient source to the lake (93.05 % of N and 89.96 % of P loads). The state analysis indicated that high nutrient concentrations and subsequent algal growth led to oxygen depletion, resulting in mass mortality of fish, loss of amenity and tourism value, and reduced availability of clean water. Short-term and long-term strategies for effectively managing eutrophication in Lake Batur has been proposed in this study. However, the best scenario will be chosen by considering both eutrophication issue and social implications.

This study aims to investigate the effect of cow’s rumen and rice straw ratio on hydrolysis as well as sulfuric acid concentration, temperature, and time were also examined. The fermentation was also carried out, with the main focus on the effect of the yeast concentration. The more straw in the material, the higher the glucose. In the rumen and straw ratio of 40:60 and 80:20%, 0.3 M sulfuric acid, 90 oC, and 60 minutes, the glucose was 10.60 and 5.87 g/L. Hydrolysis at 90 was better than 80 oC. In the rumen and straw mixture of 40:60%, 0.6 M sulfuric acid, and 75 minutes, the glucose was 18.47 and 15.11 g/L. The catalyst concentration of 0.6 was also better than 0.3 M, in which the glucose could reach 17.32 and 8.46 g/L at a rumen and straw ratio of 0:100, 90 oC, and 45 minutes. Glucose in the hydrolysate could be fermented well. The higher the yeast concentration, the higher the ethanol content, respectively 1.22, 1.35, and 1.52% in 72 hours at yeast concentrations of 9, 15, and 20 g/L. Ethanol rose sharply within 24 hours and after 72 hours it continued to rise even though it started to slow down at 60 hours.

Nina T Castillo-Carandang,1 Robert D Buenaventura,2 Yook-Chin Chia,3 Dung Do Van,4 Cheng Lee,5 Ngoc Long Duong,6 Chee H Ng,7 Yolanda R Robles,8 Anwar Santoso,9 Helen S Sigua,10 Apichard Sukonthasarn,11 Roger Tan,12 Eka Viora,13 Hazli Zakaria,14 Grace E Brizuela,15 Priyan Ratnasingham,16 Mathew Thomas,17 Anurita Majumdar16 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; and Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; 2Department of Psychiatry, Manila Theological College - College of Medicine, Manila, Philippines; 3Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; 4The University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 5National Addictions Management Service, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; 6Department of Research, Education and Technology, Vietnam National Heart Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam; 7Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia; 8College of Pharmacy, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; 9Department of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Centre - Harapan Kita Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 10University of the Philippines Open University, Laguna, Philippines; 11Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; 12Roger Kidney Clinic, Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore; 13Indonesia Psychiatrist Association, Jakarta, Indonesia; 14Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 15Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Upjohn, Manila, Philippines; 16Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Upjohn, Singapore; 17Corporate Affairs, Pfizer Upjohn, SingaporeCorrespondence: Nina T Castillo-Carandang Tel +632-8-5254098Email ntcastillocarandang@up.edu.phIntroduction: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states. Progress has been slow despite the World Health Organization action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs in the region. This paper presents recommendations focused on practical strategies for optimizing NCD management in the ASEAN region.Methods: A multidisciplinary group of experts from six ASEAN member states convened for two face-to-face meetings to discuss barriers and possible recommendations for optimizing NCD management, focused on cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders, in the region. Multiple approaches, ie, analysis of insights from the meetings and a review of existing literature on NCD programs in the ASEAN region were followed. The proposed recommendations were also based on selected successful interventions in ASEAN member states, thus providing actionable strategies.Results: The gaps identified in NCD management for cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders in the ASEAN region were classified into gaps relating to policies and to clinical and public health practice. The proposed solutions addressing policy gaps include fostering multisectoral public–private partnerships, employing “whole-of-government” and “whole-of-society” approaches and promoting “health-in-all policies approach” to manage issues with financing, accessibility, efficiency and quality of health services. Whereas proposed solutions to bridge clinical and public health practice gaps entail strengthening primary care services, building the capacity of trained healthcare workers and employing collaborative care for holistic management of patients.Conclusion: The scale of premature and preventable deaths from NCDs in the ASEAN region remains a serious public health concern and requires a “whole-of-system approach”. The interventions proposed in this paper build on regional collaborations and knowledge sharing to help develop a concerted and targeted response to NCDs.Keywords: cardiovascular disease, mental health, prevention strategies, public health

Dyana Sarvasti,1 Isabella Lalenoh,2 Emanoel Oepangat,2 Budhi Setianto Purwowiyoto,3 Anwar Santoso,3 Rochmad Romdoni4 1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Widya Mandala Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Department of Cardiology, Siloam Hospital TB Simatupang, Jakarta, Indonesia; 3Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia; 4Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University - Dr. Soetomo District General Hospital, Surabaya, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Dyana SarvastiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Widya Mandala Catholic University Jl, Raya Kalisari Selatan No. 1 Tower A, Lt. 6, Pakuwon City, Surabaya 60112, IndonesiaTel +628563000696Email dyana_sarvasti@yahoo.comPurpose: Our study aimed at determining and comparing the mechanism of cardiovascular protection variables in moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) after coronary stenting.Participants and Methods: This experimental study used the same subject and cross-over design, involving eleven stable CHD patients after coronary stenting. These were randomly divided into two groups; MICT for 29 minutes at 50– 60% heart rate reserve and HIIT with 4x4 minute intervals at 60– 80% heart rate reserve, each followed by three minutes of active recovery at 40– 50% heart rate reserve. These were conducted three times a week for two weeks. The participants’ levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) activity assayed, and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) were examined before and after treatments were completed.Results: The HIIT significantly increased the levels of noradrenaline and eNOS compared with MICT (p< 0.05). Also, HIIT was better in maintaining EC-SOD activity and FMD compared with MICT (p< 0.05). Through the noradrenalin pathway, HIIT had a direct and significant effect on eNOS and FMD (p< 0.05) but MICT, through the noradrenaline pathways, had a direct and significant effect on eNOS (p< 0.05), and through the EC-SOD activity pathways had a direct and significant effect on FMD (p< 0.05). MICT reduced EC-SOD activity and also decreased the FMD value.Conclusion: HIIT is superior to MICT in increasing cardiovascular protection by increasing the concentrations of noradrenalin and eNOS, maintaining EC-SOD activity, and FMD in stable CHD patients after coronary stenting.Keywords: coronary heart disease, high-intensity interval training, catecholamine, eNOS, SOD, FMD

The test blueprint is important in test development, where it guides the test item writer in creating test items according to the desired objectives and specifications or characteristics (so-called a priori item characteristics), such as the level of item difficulty in the category and the distribution of items based on their difficulty level. Given that the difficulty level of the test items (easy, medium, or hard) created is influenced by the perceptions, knowledge, and experience of the item writer, item analysis based on empirical data using a specific measurement framework needs to be conducted, in addition to evaluation based on expert judgment, to ensure that the test items and the test itself have appropriate characteristics. The present study investigated the extent to which the a priori characteristics (i.e., item difficulty) of the items of the Business English test taken by 4,836 Universitas Terbuka (UT) students aligned with their characteristics when estimated under classical test theory (CTT) and four-parameter logistic (4-PL) IRT models based on empirical data. In light of the two measurement models used, CTT and 4-PL, we extended this study to exploring the comparability of the two models based on the yielded item difficulty and discrimination estimates and the relationship between pseudo-guessing and carelessness parameters. Our study suggested insufficient support for asserting that the characteristics of the items used in the Business English test align with the characteristics expected by the test developers. The exploration of the comparability of the CTT and 4-PL models demonstrated that while the two models were comparable in terms of the item difficulty estimates yielded, they were not comparable for the item discrimination estimates. Our study also did not find a linear association of the pseudo-guessing and carelessness parameters estimated under the 4-PL model. Further findings of our study and their implications, especially on test development practices, are discussed.

Lecturers' academic careers as professional workers have a different process from other workers. Understanding career insights is important for lecturers in carrying out their profession. this research aims to test the moderating effect of managerial support on the influence of career motivation and self-concept on career insight. this research uses quantitative methods, data collection uses instruments with a 1-5 Likert scale. Respondents were 499 lecturers in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data analysis technique uses SEM PLS. The research results show that career motivation and self concept have a positive effect on lecturers' career insight. meanwhile, managerial support does not have a significant moderating effect on the influence of career motivation and self concept on career insight. this research recommends the need for efforts to increase the role of managerial support in increasing lecturers' career insight. this is an opportunity for further research with different theoretical and methodological aspects.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced a rapid shift from traditional teaching to online settings. This study explores the technological tools employed by university EFL-speaking teachers during this transition, investigating their continued relevance post-pandemic. With a focus on the experiences of seven university EFL-speaking teachers, this study probes the challenges they encountered, their attitudes toward the challenges, and the technological tools they favored to sustain effective instruction. The participants, chosen using purposive sampling and engaged in online interviews, provided rich insights that were thematically analyzed using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The findings revealed that the teachers' perceptions of Perceived Ease of Use (PEoU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), and the challenges they encountered were pivotal in shaping their attitudes towards the employed technological tools. Several challenges emerged, including students' limited participation, assessing and providing feedback, accessing resources, and the teachers' technology familiarity. Among these complexities, Google Meet and e-learning platforms became preferred tools. The teachers' rationale for these choices encompassed bridging the gaps created by the virtual environment, fostering meaningful tasks, and promoting communication efficiency. Their strategic alignment reflected the teachers' intent to address the challenges encountered during online teaching, and to continue these practices in the post-pandemic.

Transitions in learning implementation have occurred at various levels of education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Learning that previously took place in conventional, face-to-face formats has been adjusted to fully online learning. Not all educational institutions are equally prepared for a pandemic, necessitating the study of student learning experiences and the strategies they employ in online classes during the pandemic. This study focuses on the positive and negative contributions of Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) features in student learning experiences and strategies during the pandemic. This study used a survey method consisting of closed- and open-ended questions. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and qualitative data analysis was employed to obtain several themes. Approximately 1,400 students from 23 higher education institutions across several provinces in Indonesia participated in this research. The results show both positive and negative contributions of VLE features. Among the VLE features that positively contribute to learning during the pandemic are video materials and downloadable documents. More than half of the respondents claimed there were no negative features of the VLE. Findings also revealed the most frequently reported negative aspect is poor internet performance. In addition, seven themes related to student learning strategies emerged including: considering the availability of infrastructure, monitoring the class schedule and calendar (or announcements), collaborating with peers, participating in the university's learning management system, applying notetaking strategies and other specific strategies, searching for additional learning resources, and no specific strategy applied while learning during the pandemic.

For more than a decade, the Financial Technology (FinTech) industry has been growing, and it has reshaped how payments were made and brought new financial service products to the market. FinTech has created innovative disruptions to traditional, long-established financial institutions (e.g., banks and investment firms) in financial services markets. The worldwide blooming of FinTech has caused universities around the globe to teach their students (particularly those in the IT and finance disciplines) about practical and contemporary knowledge on FinTech. This paper discusses our recent survey study to investigate the status quo of offering FinTech education and training by Australian universities. Our study involved two rounds of online data collection (one in November 2021 and the other one in June 2022) from 41 sample universities in Australia. Among our various findings, we observed that, although Australian universities are increasingly aware of the importance of and the demand for FinTech studies, FinTech has still not yet become a mainstream study discipline. This observation indicates that, in Australia, FinTech studies have generally gone through the inception stage and entered the growth stage.

Regulation of public roadside parking levies with knowledge management can help local governments to increase their productivity, performance, and income so that progress and alignment are created under the Local Government Medium-Term Development Plan. The vision and policy direction taken by the local government aims to increase people's welfare based on religious and cultural values. One implementation of knowledge management is the use of an electronic parking system. E-parking or electronic parking is a condition where parking management is carried out systematically using a parking information system. E-parking systems that can be implemented on the public roadside can also increase efficiency in parking transactions. This research was conducted at several public roadside parking points in Ponorogo, Indonesia. The methods is qualitative which interviews and research team had discussion with the parking attendants and representatives of the Department of Transportation and the Agency for Revenue, Financial Management and Regional Assets of Ponorogo regarding implementing the E-parking system. This system consists of electronic records with Android-based applications synchronized on website-based applications and using handheld-pos. The results showed that this system could improve the weaknesses of conventional systems and increase the productivity of parking service managers as a form of service to customers.

INTRODUCTION: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip due to methicillin-resistant bacteria is difficult to treat and remain a challenge for arthroplasty surgeon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review was done to the patients who received two-stage revisions with an antibiotic loaded cement-spacer for PJI of the hip between January 2010 to May 2015. We found 65 patients (65 hips) with positive culture findings. Eight patients were lost to follow-up and excluded from the study. Among the rest of the 57 patients, methicillin-resistant infection (MR Group) was found in 28 cases. We also evaluate the 29 other cases that caused by the other pathogen as control group. We compared all of the relevant medical records and the treatment outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS: The mean of follow-up period was 33.7 months in the methicillin-resistant group and 28.4 months in the control group (p = 0.27). The causal pathogens in the methicillinresistant group were: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 10 cases, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) in 16 cases and Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) in two cases. The reimplantation rate was 92.8% and 89.6% in the methicillin-resistant and control group, respectively (p= 0.66). The rates of recurrent infection after reimplantation were 23.1% (6/26) in the methicillin-resistant group and 7.6% (2/26) in the control group (p= 0.12). The overall infection control rate was 71.4% (20/28) and 89.6% (26/29) in the methicillin-resistant and control group, respectively (p = 0.08). Both groups showed comparable baseline data on mean age, BMI, gender distribution, preoperative ESR/CRP/WBC and comorbidities. CONCLUSION: Two-stage revision procedure resulted in low infection control rate and high infection recurrency rate for the treatment of methicillin-resistant periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip. Development of the treatment strategy is needed to improve the outcome of methicillinresistant periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip.

Hip geometry abnormalities found in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) could promote premature hip joint degeneration which needs treatment. We report the case of a 45-year old male with right hip arthrosis who underwent two-incision minimally invasive (MIS-2) total hip arthroplasty (THA), with satisfactory outcome. This technique could be an alternative approach for performing THA in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses.

Mostafa Alshamiri,1 Mahmood Mohammed Ali Ghanaim,2 Philip Barter,3 Kuan-Cheng Chang,4 Jian-Jun Li,5 Bien J Matawaran,6 Anwar Santoso,7 Sameh Shaheen,8 Ketut Suastika,9 Nuntakorn Thongtang,10 Ahmad KM Yusof11 1Cardiac Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Emergency Department, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; 3School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 4Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 5Center for Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Diseases, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical School, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines; 7Department of Cardiology – Vascular Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Centre, Harapan Kita Hospital, Depok, Indonesia; 8Department of Cardiology, Ain Shams University School of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt; 9Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia; 10Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 11Department of Cardiology, Institut Jantung Negara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a growing burden across the world. In Asia and the Middle East, in particular, CVD is among the most prevalent and debilitating diseases. Dyslipidemia is an important factor in the development of atherosclerosis and associated cardiovascular events, and so effective management strategies are critical to reducing overall cardiovascular risk. Multiple dyslipidemia guidelines have been developed by international bodies such as the European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association, which all have similarities in practice recommendations for the optimal management of dyslipidemia. However, they differ in certain aspects including pharmacological treatment, lifestyle modification and the target levels used for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The evidence behind these guidelines is generally based on data from Western populations, and their applicability to people in Asia and the Middle East is largely untested. As a result, practitioners within Asia and the Middle East continue to rely on international evidence despite population differences in lipid phenotypes and CVD risk factors. An expert panel was convened to review the international guidelines commonly used in Asia and the Middle East and determine their applicability to clinical practice in the region, with specific recommendations, or considerations, provided where current guideline recommendations differ from local practice. Herein, we describe the heterogeneous approaches and application of current guidelines used to manage dyslipidemia in Asia and the Middle East. We provide consensus management recommendations to cover different patient scenarios, including primary prevention, elderly, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, documented CVD, acute coronary syndromes and family history of ischemic heart disease. Moreover, we advocate for countries within the Asian and Middle East regions to continue to develop guidelines that are appropriate for the local population. Keywords: Asia, dyslipidemia, guidelines, Middle East, cardiovascular disease

Synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptors are genetically encoded, modular synthetic receptors that enable mammalian cells to detect environmental signals and respond by activating user-prescribed transcriptional programs. Although some materials have been modified to present synNotch ligands with coarse spatial control, applications in tissue engineering generally require extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived scaffolds and/or finer spatial positioning of multiple ligands. Thus, we develop here a suite of materials that activate synNotch receptors for generalizable engineering of material-to-cell signaling. We genetically and chemically fuse functional synNotch ligands to ECM proteins and ECM-derived materials. We also generate tissues with microscale precision over four distinct reporter phenotypes by culturing cells with two orthogonal synNotch programs on surfaces microcontact-printed with two synNotch ligands. Finally, we showcase applications in tissue engineering by co-transdifferentiating fibroblasts into skeletal muscle or endothelial cell precursors in user-defined micropatterns. These technologies provide avenues for spatially controlling cellular phenotypes in mammalian tissues.

Although many studies on early childhood have been conducted, there is still a need for further research on numeracy and vocabulary skills, particularly in Indonesia. This research aims to confirm the correlation between numeracy and vocabulary skills in preschool children and to disentangle the effects of environmental factors on both numeracy and vocabulary skills. This research was conducted at Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) in the Jatinangor district and followed the principle of simple random sampling. Children were given numeracy and vocabulary tests, parents were asked to fill out a questionnaire about sociodemographic aspects and the learning environment in their homes, and teachers were asked to fill out a questionnaire about preschool activities concerning numeracy and vocabulary. Data were analyzed using a structural equation model with numeracy and vocabulary as outcome variables. Covariates such as age, gender and social status were also included in the model. The results of this study show that numeracy is closely linked to vocabulary skills and that only a specific preschool activity can explain the variance of numeracy. On the other hand, both home numeracy activities and a specific preschool literacy activity are significant predictors of vocabulary skills.

The turbulent environment pushes public administration to its limits, resulting in revolutionary changes. When the pandemic hit the world in early 2020, public administration was faced not only with complex problems, but also tumultuous challenges marked by the emergence of unpredictable events. In the new hybrid world, public administration has evolved into a distinct model that enables organizations to use new and emerging technologies. By redefining the characteristics of speed, ethics, and fusion, this article aims to contribute to the discussion of how a hybrid approach to public administration may contribute to ongoing debates.