54 results on '"Sar, Vedat"'
Search Results
2. The Dialectical Dynamic Therapy of Trauma.
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sar, Vedat
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WOUND care , *ADVERSE childhood experiences , *NARCISSISM , *SERIAL publications , *DIALECTICAL behavior therapy , *WOUNDS & injuries , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation , *EMOTIONS - Abstract
An editorial is presented on dynamic therapy of trauma. Topics include symbolic-communicative uprising of an over-sensitive person for something wrong in the environment such as a dysfunctional family or maybe injustice of the universe; and distinctness of the prolonged inner process of trauma needs to be recognized in order for the trauma psychotherapeutically resolved.
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- 2022
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3. A correlation network analysis of dissociative experiences.
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Schimmenti, Adriano and Sar, Vedat
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AMNESIA , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *SOCIAL skills - Abstract
The interrelationships between the symptom domains of dissociation, such as the loss of continuity in subjective experience, the inability to access personal information, and the distortions about the perception of self and the environment, need to be better understood. In the current study, 2274 adults from Italy completed the Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (DES-II), and their responses were examined within a correlation network analysis framework. Fifteen dissociative experiences showed the strongest associations with the other dissociative experiences included in the measure, and they were selected for further analysis. A partial correlation network was calculated to reveal the associations between such experiences, and a community detection analysis was used to explore whether they formed distinct clusters in the network. Subsequently, a Bayesian network was estimated to examine the direction of the associations among the dissociative experiences, and a directed acyclic graph (DAG) was generated to estimate a potentially causal model of their relationships. The community detection analysis revealed three clusters of experiences that were conceptualized in terms of trance, experiential disconnectedness, and segregated behaviors. Dissociative amnesia was a common denominator of all the three clusters. The analysis of the DAG further suggested that dissociation can be conceptualized as a network in which dissociative experiences are layered into groups of symptoms that interact among them. Cognizance of the configuration and interactions among the dissociative domains and their related symptoms may be critical for better understanding the internal logic behind the dissociative processes and for addressing them effectively in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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4. Fear of happiness among college students: The role of gender, childhood psychological trauma, and dissociation.
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Sar, Vedat, Türk, Tuğba, and Öztürk, Erdinç
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CHILD abuse , *PSYCHOLOGY of college students , *STATISTICAL correlation , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *FEAR , *HAPPINESS , *EMOTIONAL trauma , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *REGRESSION analysis , *SEX distribution , *T-test (Statistics) , *MATHEMATICAL variables , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MANN Whitney U Test - Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the fear of happiness among college students and its relationship to gender, childhood psychological trauma, and dissociation. Setting and Design: College students were addressed as study population, and a relational screening method was implemented. Materials and Methods: Among 184 participants, 93 (50.5%) were women. The Fear of Happiness Scale (FHS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) were administered to all participants. Statistical Analysis Used: Mann–Whitney-U and Student's t-tests were implemented for comparison of groups. Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify associations between variables. Results: There were no differences on DES, FHS, and CTQ total scores between genders. DES was associated with CTQ total scores in both genders. Women had higher scores than men on childhood emotional abuse and fear of "cheerfulness ends up with bad faith." Compared to nonmembers, female dissociative taxon members had higher scores on all childhood trauma types except sexual abuse, and on all types of fear of happiness except "good fortune ends up with disaster" which was the only type of fear significantly elevated among male dissociative taxon members. A stepwise regression analysis revealed that depersonalization, childhood emotional neglect, and physical abuse predicted fear of happiness among women which was predicted by absorption among men. Conclusions: There is a relationship between childhood psychological trauma, dissociation, and fear of happiness. Women seem to be more vulnerable in this path of obsessional thinking which affects different realms in male and female genders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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5. Depersonalization and derealization in self-report and clinical interview: The spectrum of borderline personality disorder, dissociative disorders, and healthy controls.
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Sar, Vedat, Alioğlu, Firdevs, and Akyuz, Gamze
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DIAGNOSIS of dissociative disorders , *BORDERLINE personality disorder , *DEPERSONALIZATION , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *FACTOR analysis , *INTERVIEWING , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SELF-evaluation , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Depersonalization (DEP) and derealization (DER) were examined among college students with and without borderline personality disorder (BPD) and/or dissociative disorders (DDs) by self-report and clinician assessment. The Steinberg Depersonalization Questionnaire (SDEPQ), the Steinberg Derealization Questionnaire (SDERQ), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the screening tool of the BPD section of the Structured Clinical Interview forDSM–IV(SCID-BPD) were administered to 1,301 students. Those with BPD (n = 80) according to the SCID-BPD and 111 non-BPD controls were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview forDSM–IVDissociative Disorders by a psychiatrist blind to the diagnosis. Of the participants, 19.7% reported SDEPQ (17.8%) and/or SDERQ (11.0%) scores above cutoff levels and impairment from these experiences. Principal component analysis of 26 items of both scales yielded 4 factors: cognitive-emotional self-detachment, perceptual detachment, bodily self-detachment, and detachment from reality. Participants with concurrent DD and BPD had the highest scores for DEP and DER in the clinical interview and self-report. The total number of BPD criteria was associated with the severity of childhood trauma and dissociation. Both BPD and DD were associated with clinician-assessed and self-reported DER, self-reported DEP, and the cognitive-emotional self-detachment factor. Unlike BPD, DD was associated with clinician-assessed DEP, and BPD was related to the self-reported detachment from reality factor. Although the latter was correlated with the total childhood trauma score, possibly because of dissociative amnesia, clinician-assessed DER was not. Being the closest factor to BPD, the factor of detachment from reality warrants further study. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2017
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6. Separating Fact from Fiction: An Empirical Examination of Six Myths About Dissociative Identity Disorder.
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Brand, Bethany L., Sar, Vedat, Stavropoulos, Pam, Krüger, Christa, Korzekwa, Marilyn, Martínez-Taboas, Alfonso, and Middleton, Warwick
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MULTIPLE personality , *COMMON misconceptions , *OVERDIAGNOSIS , *PSYCHIATRIC diagnosis , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a complex, posttraumatic, developmental disorder for which we now, after four decades of research, have an authoritative research base, but a number of misconceptualizations and myths about the disorder remain, compromising both patient care and research. This article examines the empirical literature pertaining to recurrently expressed beliefs regarding DID: (1) belief that DID is a fad, (2) belief that DID is primarily diagnosed in North America by DID experts who overdiagnose the disorder, (3) belief that DID is rare, (4) belief that DID is an iatrogenic, rather than trauma-based, disorder, (5) belief that DID is the same entity as borderline personality disorder, and (6) belief that DID treatment is harmful to patients. The absence of research to substantiate these beliefs, as well as the existence of a body of research that refutes them, confirms their mythical status. Clinicians who accept these myths as facts are unlikely to carefully assess for dissociation. Accurate diagnoses are critical for appropriate treatment planning. If DID is not targeted in treatment, it does not appear to resolve. Themyths we have highlighted may also impede research about DID. The cost of ignorance about DID is high not only for individual patients but for the whole support system in which they reside. Empirically derived knowledge about DID has replaced outdated myths. Vigorous dissemination of the knowledge base about this complex disorder is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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7. Dissociative Amnesia in Dissociative Disorders and Borderline Personality Disorder: Self-Rating Assessment in a College Population.
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Sar, Vedat, Alioğlu, Firdevs, Akyuz, Gamze, and Karabulut, Sercan
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DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *AMNESIA , *BORDERLINE personality disorder , *COLLEGE students , *STATISTICAL correlation , *FACTOR analysis , *MEMORY , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SELF-evaluation , *DISEASE prevalence , *RESEARCH methodology evaluation , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PSYCHOLOGICAL factors , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Dissociative amnesia (DA) among subjects with a dissociative disorder and/or borderline personality disorder (BPD) recruited from a nonclinical population was examined. The Steinberg Dissociative Amnesia Questionnaire (SDAQ), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the self-report screening tool of the BPD section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV(SCID-BPD) were administered to 1,301 college students. A total of 80 participants who were diagnosed with BPD according to the clinician-administered SCID-BPD and 111 nonborderline controls were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D) by a psychiatrist blind to diagnosis and scale scores. Internal consistency analyses and test–retest evaluations suggested that the SDAQ is a reliable instrument for the population studied. Of the participants, 20.6% reported an SDAQ score of 20 or above and impairment by DA. Those who had both dissociative disorder and BPD (n = 78) had the highest SDAQ scores. Both disorders had significant effects on the SCID-D total and amnesia scores in the variance analysis. On SDAQ scores, however, only BPD had this effect. There was a significant interaction between the 2 disorders for the SCID-D total but not for the SDAQ or SCID-D amnesia scores. BPD represented the severity of dissociation and childhood trauma in this study group. However, in contrast to the dissociative disorders, BPD was characterized by better awareness of DA in self-report. The discrepancies between self-report and clinical interview associated with BPD and dissociative disorders are discussed in the context of betrayal theory (J. J. Freyd, 1994) of BPD and perceptual theory (D. B. Beere, 2009) of dissociative disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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8. Dissociative Identity Disorder Among Adolescents: Prevalence in a University Psychiatric Outpatient Unit.
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Sar, Vedat, Önder, Canan, Kilincaslan, Ayse, Zoroglu, Süleyman S., and Alyanak, Behiye
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PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology , *CHI-squared test , *CHILD abuse , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *INTERVIEWING , *MOTHERS , *PSYCHOTHERAPY patients , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *REGRESSION analysis , *SELF-evaluation , *FAMILY relations , *DISEASE prevalence , *SEVERITY of illness index , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dissociative identity disorder (DID) and other dissociative disorders among adolescent psychiatric outpatients. A total of 116 consecutive outpatients between 11 and 17 years of age who were admitted to the child and adolescent psychiatry clinic of a university hospital for the 1st time were evaluated using the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale, adolescent version of the Child Symptom Inventory-4, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and McMaster Family Assessment Device. All patients were invited for an interview with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D) administered by 2 senior psychiatrists in a blind fashion. There was excellent interrater reliability between the 2 clinicians on SCID-D diagnoses and scores. Among 73 participants, 33 (45.2%) had a dissociative disorder: 12 (16.4%) had DID, and 21 (28.8%) had dissociative disorder not otherwise specified. There was no difference in gender distribution, childhood trauma, or family dysfunction scores between the dissociative and nondissociative groups. Childhood emotional abuse and family dysfunction correlated with self-reported dissociation. Of the dissociative adolescents, 93.9% had an additional psychiatric disorder. Among them, only separation anxiety disorder was significantly more prevalent than in controls. Although originally designed for adults, the SCID-D is promising for diagnosing dissociative disorders in adolescents, its modest congruence with self-rated dissociation and lack of relationship between diagnosis and childhood trauma and family dysfunction suggest that the prevalence rates obtained with this instrument originally designed for adults must be replicated. The introduction of diagnostic criteria for adolescent DID in revised versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, would refine the assessment of dissociative disorders in this age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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9. Experiences of Possession and Paranormal Phenomena Among Women in the General Population: Are They Related to Traumatic Stress and Dissociation?
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Sar, Vedat, Alioğlu, Firdevs, and Akyüz, Gamze
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CHI-squared test , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *FACTOR analysis , *FISHER exact test , *LATENT structure analysis , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *REGRESSION analysis , *STATISTICAL sampling , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This study sought to determine the prevalence of experiences of possession and paranormal phenomena (PNP) in the general population and their possible relations to each other and to traumatic stress and dissociation. The study was conducted on a representative female sample recruited from a town in central eastern Turkey. The Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule, the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder sections of the Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM–IV Axis-I and Personality Disorders, and the Childhood Abuse and Neglect Questionnaire were administered to 628 women. Of these, 127 (20.2%) women reported at least 1 type of PNP and 13 (2.1%) women reported possession. Women with a dissociative disorder reported all types of possession and PNP (except telepathy) more frequently than those without. Whereas women with a trauma history in childhood and adulthood or PTSD reported possession more frequently than those without, PNP were associated with childhood trauma only. Factor analysis yielded 4 dimensions: possession by and/or contact with nonhuman entities, extrasensory communications, possession by a human entity, and precognition. These factors correlated with number of secondary features of dissociative identity disorder and Schneiderian symptoms. Latent class analysis identified 3 groups. The most traumatized group, with predominantly dissociative and trauma-related disorders, had the highest scores on all factors. Notwithstanding their presence in healthy individuals, possession and PNP were associated with trauma and dissociation in a subgroup of affected participants. Both types of experience seem to be normal human capacities of experiencing that may be involved in response to traumatic stress. Given the small numbers, this study should be considered preliminary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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10. Dissociative Depression Among Women with Fibromyalgia or Rheumatoid Arthritis.
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Kilic, Ozge, Sar, Vedat, Taycan, Okan, Aksoy-Poyraz, Cana, Erol, Turgut C., Tecer, Ozlem, Emul, Murat H., and Ozmen, Mine
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STATISTICAL correlation , *MENTAL depression , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *FIBROMYALGIA , *FISHER exact test , *CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *RHEUMATOID arthritis , *SCALE analysis (Psychology) , *SELF-evaluation , *T-test (Statistics) , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *SEVERITY of illness index , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
The aim of this study was to inquire about the possible relations of childhood trauma, anger, and dissociation to depression among women with fibromyalgia or rheumatoid arthritis. Fifty female patients diagnosed as having fibromyalgia (n= 30) or rheumatoid arthritis (n= 20) participated in the study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ), Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Spielberger State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, and Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule were administered to all participants. Women with a lifetime diagnosis of depressive disorder had higher scores for somatoform and psychoform dissociation than the nondepressive patients. However, childhood trauma scores did not differ between the 2 groups. In regression analysis, current severity of depression (BDI) was predicted by psychoform dissociation (DIS-Q) and lower education, and lifetime diagnosis of major depression was predicted by somatoform dissociation (SDQ). Whereas childhood emotional neglect predicted somatoform dissociation, psychoform dissociation was predicted by childhood sexual abuse. Mental processing of anger seems to be 1 of the dimensions of psychodynamics in trauma-related depressive conditions. In the context of the perceived threat of loss of control due to expressed anger and mental disintegration, somatoform dissociation seems to contribute to overmodulation of emotions in dissociative depression. Among patients suffering from physical illness with possible psychosomatic dimensions, assessment of somatoform dissociation in addition to psychoform dissociation may be helpful to understand diverse psychopathological trajectories emerging in the aftermath of childhood adversities. The recently proposed category of “dissociative depression” (Sar, 2011) seems to be a promising concept for future research on psychosomatic aspects of traumatic stress. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2014
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11. Dissociative Depression Among Women in the Community.
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Sar, Vedat, Akyüz, Gamze, Öztürk, Erdinç, and Alioğlu, Firdevs
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CHI-squared test , *CHILD abuse , *MENTAL depression , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *FISHER exact test , *PROBABILITY theory , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICAL sampling , *COMORBIDITY , *EDUCATIONAL attainment , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This study screened the prevalence and correlates of dissociative disorders among depressive women in the general population. The Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule and the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder sections of the Structured Clinical Interview forDSM–IVwere administered to 628 women in 500 homes. The prevalence of current major depressive episode was 10.0%. Of the women, 26 (40.6%) had the lifetime diagnosis of aDSM-IV,dissociative disorder, yielding a prevalence of 4.1% for dissociative depression. This group was younger (mean age = 30.7 years) than the nondissociative depression women (mean age = 39.6 years). There was no difference between the 2 groups on comorbid somatization disorder, PTSD, or borderline personality disorder. Besides suicide attempts, the dissociative group was characterized by secondary features of dissociative identity disorder; Schneiderian symptoms; borderline personality disorder criteria; and extrasensory perceptions, including possession experiences. They reported suicidality, thoughts of guilt and worthlessness, diminished concentration and indecisiveness, and appetite and weight changes more frequently than the nondissociative group. Early cessation of school education and childhood sexual abuse were frequently reported by the dissociative depression group. With its distinct features, the concept of dissociative depression may facilitate understanding of treatment resistance in, development of better psychotherapy strategies for, and new thinking on the neurobiology and pharmacotherapy of depressive disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2013
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12. Stimulus Deprivation and Overstimulation as Dissociogenic Agents in Postmodern Oppressive Societies.
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Sar, Vedat and Ozturk, Erdinc
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DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *DEPRIVATION (Psychology) , *SOCIAL marginality , *SELF-perception , *SENSES , *WOUNDS & injuries , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Societal conditions associated with overstimulation or understimulation may precipitate and maintain oppression among individuals and communities by inducing dissociation. Distortion of reality and the flooding of everyday awareness with irrelevant information by mass media is a type of community-wide overstimulation. Alternatively, stimulus deprivation enables single-minded thinking to be narrowly preoccupied with rigid religious ideas, traditional rituals, and postmodern thought and behavior patterns. Provoked sex is utilized as a soothing tool for those who live in overstimulation and as an opportunity for transient enjoyment and rejuvenation for those who live in stimulus deprivation. Chronic exposure to disproportionate stimuli resurrects the trauma-based developmental detachment between the sociological and psychological selves of the individual at the cost of the latter. The enlarged sociological self of the individual is misused to induce a conforming identity transformation of individuals and entire communities that is a prerequisite to setting and maintaining an oppressive system. Constituting overstimulation itself, the enduring fear of chaos in a world akin to crisis enables deliberate acceptance of oppression to restore a sense of control. In fact, the expectancy of crisis triggers the trauma-related dissociative fears of individual internal chaos, which are misused, in turn, to aggravate fears of external chaos again. By facilitating the denial of internal fears rather than integrating them, psychological theories and practices of the past century have failed in addressing the problem of individual and societal oppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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13. Individual and Societal Oppression: Global Perspectives on Dissociative Disorders.
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Sar, Vedat, Middleton, Warwick, and Dorahy, Martin
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PSYCHOLOGY of adult child abuse victims , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *HUMAN rights , *OPPRESSION , *POWER (Social sciences) , *SERIAL publications , *SOCIAL groups , *WOUNDS & injuries - Abstract
The article discusses dissociative disorder's perceptions. It also states that acknowledgment of the rights of women has been a very recent achievement globally and has required legislation to enforce. It also mentions that dissociative processes are a core component of a number of culture-bound syndromes.
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- 2013
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14. Lifetime PTSD and quality of life among alcohol-dependent men: Impact of childhood emotional abuse and dissociation
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Evren, Cuneyt, Sar, Vedat, Dalbudak, Ercan, Cetin, Rabia, Durkaya, Mine, Evren, Bilge, and Celik, Selime
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POST-traumatic stress disorder , *QUALITY of life , *MENTAL health , *ALCOHOLISM , *PSYCHOLOGICAL abuse , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *ALCOHOL Dependence Scale , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *HEALTH surveys , *ALCOHOL drinking - Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), dissociation and a history of childhood trauma on quality of life (QoL) among men with alcohol dependency. A consecutive series of alcohol-dependent men (N =156) admitted to an inpatient treatment unit were screened using the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. QoL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36-item health survey. Fifty (32.1%) patients had lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. Besides problems related to severity of alcohol use, the lifetime PTSD group was impaired on several physical and mental components of QoL. While the lifetime PTSD group and remaining patients did not differ on reports of childhood trauma and dissociation, in lifetime PTSD group, dissociative patients had higher scores of childhood emotional abuse than those of the non-dissociative patients. In multivariate covariance analysis, both dissociation and lifetime PTSD predicted impairment in physical functioning, general health, vitality, and mental health components of QoL. Among alcohol-dependent men with lifetime PTSD, a history of childhood emotional abuse contributes to impairment of QoL through its relationship with dissociation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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15. Epidemiology of Dissociative Disorders: An Overview.
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Sar, Vedat
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DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *GENERAL practitioners , *EMERGENCY medical services , *MENTAL health services , *DRUG addiction , *SEX work - Abstract
General psychiatric assessment instruments do not cover DSM-IV dissociative disorders.Many large-scale epidemiological studies led to biased results due to this deficit in their methodology. Nevertheless, screening studies using diagnostic tools designed to assess dissociative disorders yielded lifetime prevalence rates around 10% in clinical populations and in the community. Special populations such as psychiatric emergency ward applicants, drug addicts, and women in prostitution demonstrated the highest rates. Data derived from epidemiological studies also support clinical findings about the relationship between childhood adverse experiences and dissociative disorders. Thus, dissociative disorders constitute a hidden and neglected public health problem. Better and early recognition of dissociative disorders would increase awareness about childhood traumata in the community and support prevention of them alongside their clinical consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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16. Childhood Trauma and Psychopathology among Alcohol-Dependent Men: No Interaction with Temperament and Character.
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Evren, Cuneyt, Sar, Vedat, Dalbudak, Ercan, Durkaya, Mine, Cetin, Rabia, Evren, Bilge, Cakmak, Duran, and Ertem-Vehid, Hayriye
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible interactions between childhood trauma, temperament, character, and psychopathology among alcohol-dependent men. Methods: Participants were 156 alcohol-dependent men consecutively admitted to a dependency treatment unit. The Childhood Abuse and Neglect Questionnaire, the Temperament and Character Inventory, and the Symptom Checklist-Revised were administered to all participants. Results: Childhood abuse and neglect did not have any effect on temperament and character scores in multivariate analysis. Whereas childhood abuse had a significant main effect on all types of clinical psychopathology except depression and psychoticism scores, childhood neglect only had a significant main effect on depression scores. There was no interaction between childhood abuse and neglect on these analyses. Conclusions: Among alcohol-dependent men, childhood abuse and neglect contribute to general psychopathology through distinct clinical consequences, independently of temperamental and characterological features. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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17. Developmental trauma, complex PTSD, and the current proposal of DSM-5.
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Sar, Vedat
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EMOTIONAL trauma , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *CHILD abuse , *BORDERLINE personality disorder , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders - Abstract
This paper evaluates representation of clinical consequences of developmental psychological trauma in the current proposal of DSM-5. Despite intensive efforts by its proponents for two decades, it is not known yet if Complex PTSD will take a place in the final version of DSM-5. Recognition of dissociative character of several symptom dimensions and introduction of items about negative affects such as shame and guilt imply an indirect improvement toward better coverage of the consequences of developmental trauma in the existing category of PTSD. As disorders with highest prevalence of chronic traumatization in early years of life, dissociative disorders and personality disorder of borderline type are maintained as DSM-5 categories; however, recognition of a separate type of trauma-related personality disorder is unlikely. While a preschooler age variant of PTSD is under consideration, the proposed diagnosis of Developmental Trauma Disorder (child version of Complex PTSD) has not secured a place in the DSM-5 yet. We welcome considerations of subsuming Adjustment Disorders, Acute Stress Disorder, PTSD, and Dissociative Disorders under one rubric, i.e., Section of Trauma, Stress, or Event Related Disorders. Given the current conceptualization of DSM-5, this paper proposes Complex PTSD to be a subtype of the DSM-5 PTSD. Composition of a traumarelated disorders section would facilitate integration of knowledge and expertise about interrelated and overlapping consequences of trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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18. Childhood emotional abuse and dissociation in patients with conversion symptoms.
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Sar, Vedat, Islam, Serkan, and Öztürk, Erdinç
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BORDERLINE personality disorder , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *SOMATIZATION disorder , *CHILD abuse , *CONVERSION disorder - Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between reported childhood trauma and dissociation in patients who have a conversion symptom. Method: Thirty-two outpatients with a conversion symptom were evaluated using Dissociative Experiences Scale, Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory, Clinician-Administered Dissociative State Scale, and Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule. Results: A DSM-IV dissociative disorder was diagnosed in 46.9% of the patients. Conversion patients with a dissociative disorder had borderline personality disorder more frequently than those without a dissociative disorder. Among childhood trauma types, emotional abuse was the only significant predictor of dissociation in regression analysis. None of the childhood trauma types predicted borderline personality disorder criteria. Conclusions: Borderline personality disorder, dissociation and reports of childhood emotional abuse refer to a subgroup among patients with conversion symptom. Dissociation seems to be a mediator between childhood trauma and borderline phenomena among these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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19. Social anxiety and dissociation among male patients with alcohol dependency
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Evren, Cuneyt, Sar, Vedat, Dalbudak, Ercan, Oncu, Fatih, and Cakmak, Duran
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PSYCHOLOGY of alcoholism , *SOCIAL anxiety , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *MENTAL depression , *CHILD abuse , *ANXIETY testing - Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social anxiety and dissociation among male patients with alcohol dependency. Participants were 176 male patients consecutively admitted to an alcohol dependency treatment unit. The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised were administered to all participants. The dissociative (N =58, 33.0%) group had significantly higher social anxiety scores than the non-dissociative participants. Patients with a history of suicide attempt or childhood abuse had elevated social anxiety scores compared to those without. In multivariate analysis, dissociative taxon membership predicted both of the two social anxiety subscale scores consisting of fear/anxiety and avoidance in a highly significant level while trait anxiety was a significant covariant for these subscales. Among dissociative symptoms, only depersonalization and amnesia/fugue were predictors of social anxiety. Dissociation and social anxiety are interrelated among alcohol-dependent men. This relationship may have implications for prevention and treatment of alcohol dependency among men with a childhood trauma history in particular. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2009
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20. Somatization as a predictor of suicidal ideation in dissociative disorders.
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Öztürk, Erdinç and Sar, Vedat
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SUICIDAL ideation , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *SOMATIZATION disorder , *BORDERLINE personality disorder , *STRUCTURED Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders , *DIAGNOSIS , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Aim: This study was concerned with correlates of suicidal ideation among patients with chronic complex dissociative disorders. Method: Participants were 40 patients diagnosed as having either dissociative identity disorder or dissociative disorder not otherwise specified according to the DSM-IV. The Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Somatoform Dissociation and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaires, the Spielberger Trait Anger Inventory, the Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, and the Borderline Personality Disorder section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders were administered to all patients. Results: Patients with suicidal ideas ( n = 15) had concurrent somatization disorder more frequently than the remaining patients. Having significantly high scores on both trait and state dissociation measures, their dissociative disorder was more severe than that of the patients with no suicidal ideation. They had elevated scores for childhood emotional abuse, physical abuse and emotional neglect. Concurrent somatization disorder diagnosis was the only predictor of suicidal ideation when childhood trauma scores and borderline personality disorder diagnosis were controlled. Conclusions: Among dissociative patients, there is an association between somatization and suicidal ideation. A trauma-related insecure attachment pattern is considered as a common basis of this symptom cluster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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21. Childhood emotional abuse, dissociation, and suicidality among patients with drug dependency in Turkey.
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Tamar‐Gurol, Defne, Sar, Vedat, Karadag, Figen, Evren, Cuneyt, and Karagoz, Mustafa
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SUICIDAL behavior , *DRUG addiction , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology - Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of dissociative disorders among patients with drug dependency. Methods: The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) was used to screen 104 consecutive patients at an addiction treatment center. Thirty-seven patients who had scores ≥30 were compared with 21 patients who scored <10 on the DES. Both groups were then evaluated using the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule and the Structured Clinical Interview for Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D). The interviewers were blind to the DES scores. Results: Twenty-seven patients (26.0%) had a dissociative disorder according to the SCID-D. Dissociative patients were younger than the non-dissociative group. History of suicide attempt and/or childhood emotional abuse was significant predictors of a dissociative disorder. The majority (59.3%) of dissociative drug users reported that dissociative experiences had existed prior to substance use. More patients in the dissociative disorder than in the non-dissociative group stopped their treatment prematurely. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of drug users have a dissociative disorder, which may also interfere with treatment process. The relatively young age of this subgroup of patients and frequent reports of childhood emotional abuse underline potential preventive benefits of early intervention among adolescents with developmental trauma history and dissociative psychopathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Temperament, character, and dissociation among detoxified male inpatients with alcohol dependency.
- Author
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Evren, Cuneyt, Sar, Vedat, and Dalbudak, Ercan
- Subjects
- *
PATHOLOGICAL psychology , *TEMPERAMENT , *REHABILITATION of people with alcoholism , *ANXIETY , *SUICIDAL behavior , *PREVENTION of child abuse , *DETOXIFICATION (Substance abuse treatment) , *PUBLIC health , *SOCIAL psychology - Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine possible relationships of pathological dissociation with temperament, character, and concurrent psychopathological features in a consecutive series of male alcohol-dependent patients. Fifty-eight patients with pathological dissociation were compared with 118 nondissociative patients classified by dissociative taxon membership. Beside higher scores on anxiety, depression, and alcoholism scales, a larger proportion of dissociative group reported childhood abuse, suicide attempts, and self-mutilation than did the nondissociative group. They also had higher scores of novelty seeking and harm avoidance, but lower scores of persistence, self-directedness, and cooperativeness. Trait anxiety, depression, and severity of alcoholism predicted dissociative experiences; however, none of the temperament or character measures did. Rather than being a derivative of temperament or character features, dissociative experiences of male alcohol-dependent patients are associated with overall concurrent psychopathology. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64:717–727, 2008. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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23. Dissociation and alexithymia among men with alcoholism.
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Evren, Cuneyt, Sar, Vedat, Evren, Bilge, Semiz, Umit, Dalbudak, Ercan, and Cakmak, Duran
- Subjects
- *
ALCOHOLISM , *ALEXITHYMIA , *ANXIETY , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *PSYCHIATRY education , *NEUROLOGY education - Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between alexithymia and dissociation among men with alcoholism. Methods: Participants were 176 patients consecutively admitted to the inpatient unit of a addiction treatment center. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Symptom Checklist-Revised, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test were administered to all participants. Results: Fifty-three patients were considered as having alexithymia. The alexithymic group had a significantly higher rate of dissociative taxon members (patients with pathological dissociation; 62.3%) according to Bayesian probability. Trait anxiety, overall psychiatric symptom severity, and pathological dissociation predicted alexithymia on covariance analysis. A multivariate analysis of covariance demonstrated that these predictors were related only to difficulty of identifying feelings, whereas trait anxiety was a significant covariant for difficulty of expressing feelings as well. Conclusion: Alexithymic phenomena are interrelated with dissociation and chronic anxiety among men with alcoholism. The relevance of this triad for prevention and treatment of alcoholism deserves interest in further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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24. Frontal and occipital perfusion changes in dissociative identity disorder
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Sar, Vedat, Unal, Seher N., and Ozturk, Erdinc
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *BORDERLINE personality disorder , *OCCIPITAL lobe , *NEUROPHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate if there were any characteristics of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in dissociative identity disorder. Twenty-one drug-free patients with dissociative identity disorder and nine healthy volunteers participated in the study. In addition to a clinical evaluation, dissociative psychopathology was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders, the Dissociative Experiences Scale and the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale. A semi-structured interview for borderline personality disorder, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were also administered to all patients. Normal controls had to be without a history of childhood trauma and without any depressive or dissociative disorder. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with Tc99m-hexamethylpropylenamine (HMPAO) as a tracer. Compared with findings in the control group, the rCBF ratio was decreased among patients with dissociative identity disorder in the orbitofrontal region bilaterally. It was increased in median and superior frontal regions and occipital regions bilaterally. There was no significant correlation between rCBF ratios of the regions of interest and any of the psychopathology scale scores. An explanation for the neurophysiology of dissociative psychopathology has to invoke a comprehensive model of interaction between anterior and posterior brain regions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
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25. Dissociative disorders among alcohol-dependent inpatients
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Evren, Cuneyt, Sar, Vedat, Karadag, Figen, Tamar Gurol, Defne, and Karagoz, Mustafa
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *PEOPLE with alcoholism , *SOMATIZATION disorder , *DEPERSONALIZATION - Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dissociative disorders among inpatients with alcohol dependency. The Dissociative Experiences Scale was used to screen 111 alcohol-dependent patients consecutively admitted to the inpatient unit of a dependency treatment center. Subgroups of 29 patients who scored 30.0 or above and 25 patients who scored below 10.0 were then evaluated with the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule and the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders. The interviewers were blind to the Dissociative Experiences Scale scores. Of the 54 patients evaluated, 10 (9.0% of the original 111) patients had a dissociative disorder. A considerable number of the remaining patients reported a high level of dissociative experiences. Among the dissociative disorder group, nine patients had dissociative disorder not otherwise specified and one patient had depersonalization disorder. Female gender, younger age, history of suicide attempt, childhood emotional and sexual abuse, and neglect were more frequent in the dissociative disorder group than among non-dissociative patients. The dissociative disorder group also had somatization disorder, borderline personality disorder, and lifetime major depression more frequently. For 9 of the 10 dissociative patients, dissociative symptoms started before the onset of alcohol use. Although the probability of having a comorbid dissociative disorder was not higher among alcohol-dependent inpatients than among the general psychiatric inpatients, the dissociative subgroup had distinct features. Many patients without a dissociative disorder diagnosis (predominantly men) provided hints of subtle dissociative psychopathology. Implications of comorbid dissociative disorders and dissociative experiences on prevention and treatment of alcohol dependency and the importance of gender-specific characteristics in this relationship require further study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
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26. Dissociative disorders in the psychiatric emergency ward
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Sar, Vedat, Koyuncu, Ahmet, Ozturk, Erdinc, Yargic, L. Ilhan, Kundakci, Turgut, Yazici, Ahmet, Kuskonmaz, Ekrem, and Aksüt, Didem
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *PSYCHIATRIC emergencies , *BORDERLINE personality disorder - Abstract
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dissociative disorders among emergency psychiatric admissions. Method: Forty-three of the 97 consecutive outpatients admitted to the psychiatric emergency unit of a university hospital were screened using the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES). Seventeen (39.5% of the 43 evaluated) patients with a DES score above 25.0 were then interviewed with the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule and the Structured Clinical Interview for Dissociative Disorders. Results: Fifteen emergency unit patients (34.9% of the 43 evaluated participants) were diagnosed as having a dissociative disorder. Six (14.0%) patients had dissociative identity disorder, 6 (14.0%) had dissociative disorder not otherwise specified, and 3 (7.0%) had dissociative amnesia. The average DES score of dissociative patients was 43.7. A majority of them had comorbid major depression, somatization disorder, and borderline personality disorder. Most of the patients with dissociative disorder reported auditory hallucinations, symptoms associated with psychogenic amnesia, flashback experiences, and childhood abuse and/or neglect. Conclusions: Dissociative disorders constitute one of the diagnostic groups with high relevance in emergency psychiatry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
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27. The "Apparently Normal" Family: A Contemporary Agent of Transgenerational Trauma and Dissociation.
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Ozturk, Erdinc and Sar, Vedat
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *PATIENTS , *TRAUMATISM , *PERSONALITY disorders , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology - Abstract
Fifty first-degree relatives of 24 Turkish dissociative patients and 50 Turkish non-clinical controls were screened for childhood traumas, dissociative experiences/disorders, and borderline personality disorder/criteria. The Dissociative Experiences Scale, the borderline personality disorder section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and a structured history form were admistered to all participants. Family members had dissociative experiences, borderline personality disorder criteria (subtreshold scores included), and childhood traumas more frequently than the normal control group. Family members with a Dissociative Experiences Scale score 25 and above (N = 3) were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders. None of the family members were diagnosed as having a dissociative disorder and/or borderline personality disorder on a clinical level. Our findings suggest that these apparently normal families of dissociative patients need to be evaluated for trauma-related family dynamics overall and for hidden subclinical psychopathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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28. Reported childhood trauma, attempted suicide and self-mutilative behavior among women in the general population
- Author
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Akyuz, Gamze, Sar, Vedat, Kugu, Nesim, and Doğan, Orhan
- Subjects
- *
WOMEN'S mental health , *SUICIDAL behavior , *SEX crimes - Abstract
Abstract: This study attempted to determine the prevalence of childhood trauma among women in the general population as assessed in a representative sample from a city in central Turkey. The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) was administered to 628 women in 500 homes. They were also asked for childhood abuse and/or neglect. DES was administered to 251 probands. Mean age of the probands was 34.8± 11.5 years (range 18–65). Sixteen women (2.5%) reported sexual abuse, 56 women (8.9%) physical abuse, and 56 women (8.9%) emotional abuse in childhood. The most frequently reported childhood trauma was neglect (n= 213, 33.9%). The prevalence of suicide attempts was 4.5% (n= 28). Fourteen probands (2.2%) reported self-mutilative behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
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29. What Is Trauma and Dissociation?
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Sar, Vedat and Ozturk, Erdinc
- Subjects
- *
EMOTIONAL trauma , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *ADAPTABILITY (Personality) , *SELF-perception , *AWARENESS , *ATTENTION , *DEPERSONALIZATION - Abstract
Although the official term of posttraumatic stress disorder implies the opposite, trauma is not identical with the noxious event itself. An adequate definition of trauma would require the inclusion of both the objective and subjective components of a traumatic experience. Moreover, trauma is not limited solely to the traumatic situation, but is better defined as a socio-psychological process which can be completed in the course of time, if at all. The superposition of multiple trauma processes throughout a person's life span can make this task even more complex. We propose that what turns an experience to be traumatic is not only the interruption of information processing, but the activation of a maladaptive process, i.e., trauma is a threatening experience which turns an adaptive process to a maladaptive one. The six concepts of traumatic double-bind, traumatic turning point, completion expectancy, traumatic time perception, traumatic obsessions, and traumatic whirlpool are presented to better clarify this maladaptive process. Traumatic experiences and the consequently altered self-perceptions contribute to the impairment of the mutuality between internal world and external reality of the affected person. This is accompanied by a renewed perception of the self in context of a different reality accompanied by an alteration in vigilance, awareness, control, and sense of concentration. Depersonalization is the core clinical element of this resulting condition which is called dissociation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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30. Childhood trauma, dissociation, and psychiatric comorbidity in patients with conversion disorder.
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Sar, Vedat, Akyüz, Gamze, Kundakçi, Turgut, Kiziltan, Emre, and Dogan, Orhan
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate dissociative disorder and overall psychiatric comorbidity in patients with conversion disorder.Method: Thirty-eight consecutive patients previously diagnosed with conversion disorder were evaluated in two follow-up interviews. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, the Dissociation Questionnaire, the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were administered during the first follow-up interview. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders was conducted in a separate evaluation.Results: At least one psychiatric diagnosis was found in 89.5% of the patients during the follow-up evaluation. Undifferentiated somatoform disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, dysthymic disorder, simple phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depression, and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified were the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. A dissociative disorder was seen in 47.4% of the patients. These patients had dysthymic disorder, major depression, somatization disorder, and borderline personality disorder more frequently than the remaining subjects. They also reported childhood emotional and sexual abuse, physical neglect, self-mutilative behavior, and suicide attempts more frequently.Conclusions: Comorbid dissociative disorder should alert clinicians for a more chronic and severe psychopathology among patients with conversion disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2004
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31. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the adolescent dissociative experiences scale.
- Author
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ZOROGLU, SULEYMAN SALIH, SAR, VEDAT, TUZUN, UMRAN, TUTKUN, HAMDI, and SAVAS, HALUK ASUMAN
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *ADOLESCENT psychology - Abstract
Abstract The Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale (A-DES) is designed to measure dissociation in adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the reliability, validity, and psychometric characteristics of the Turkish version of the A-DES. The Turkish version of the A-DES was administered to 20 patients with a dissociative disorder, 24 patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 31 patients with anxiety disorder, 31 patients with mood disorder, 24 patients with attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and 201 non-clinical participants. The internal consistency and the test–retest correlation of the A-DES were excellent. The mean total score of A-DES was 6.2 in dissociative disorder, 3.9 in PTSD, 2.1 in anxiety disorder, 2.4 in mood disorder, 2.5 in ADHD groups and 2.4 in non-clinical participants. There was a statistically significant difference between dissociative patients and other diagnostic groups on the A-DES total score. The good psychometric characteristics of the A-DES among Turkish participants support its cross-cultural validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
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32. The Turkish version of the Masculine Gender Role Stress Questionnaire: Dimensions of fears and their correlates in young adults.
- Author
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Bakir, Cicek Nur, Kilciksiz, Can Misel, Kacar, Anil Safak, and Sar, Vedat
- Subjects
- *
GENDER role , *FEAR , *STATISTICAL sampling , *LGBTQ+ people , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SOCIAL role , *STRUCTURAL equation modeling , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *STATISTICAL reliability , *PSYCHOLOGY of college students , *FACTOR analysis , *SHAME , *EVALUATION ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Objective: Studying Gender Role Stress (GRS) is important to understanding how gender norms and related fears impact individuals' well-being, relationships, and societal dynamics, including gender equality. This study investigated the validity, reliability, and utility of the Masculine Gender Role Stress (MGRS) questionnaire among young adults in Turkiye to obtain a standardized instrument suitable for future research. Method: Participants were recruited from students at three colleges in Istanbul through a convenient online sampling method. All participants completed the MGRS, Experiences of Shame, and Childhood Trauma Questionnaires. Due to gender-specific formulations in several items of the MGRS scale, participants identifying as female were excluded. The final sample comprised 110 male-identified participants and 26 individuals who identified as gender-queer or chose not to declare their gender. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses statistically rejected the MGRS questionnaire's original five-factor structure as shown by Comparative Fit Index. However, an exploratory factor analysis of the current data yielded the most interpretable fivefactor solution, representing fears of subordination, sexual inadequacy, performance failure, emotional expressiveness, and vulnerability. The MGRS questionnaire exhibited significant correlations between shame and childhood trauma scores. The revised version demonstrated excellent internal structure and test-retest consistency. Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that the Turkish version of the MGRS questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing gender role stress in young adults. This tool is expected to be useful in clinical and community research studies on the correlates of gender role stress in Turkiye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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33. Frequency of dissociative disorders among psychiatric inpatients in a Turkish University clinic.
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Tutkun, Hamdi, Sar, Vedat, Yargiç, L. Ilhan, Özpulat, Tuba, Yanik, Medaim, and Kiziltan, Emre
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATION (Psychology) , *PSYCHOTHERAPY patients - Abstract
Focuses on a study which determines the rate of dissociative disorders in psychiatric patients in Turkey. Reference to the use of the Dissociative Experiences Scale; In-depth look at the design of the study; Discussion and conclusion of the study.
- Published
- 1998
34. Structured interview data on 35 cases of dissociative identity disorder in Turkey.
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Sar, Vedat and Yargic, Ilhan
- Subjects
- *
MULTIPLE personality , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders - Abstract
Studies the clinical features of dissociative identity disorder in a group of Turkish patients, as assessed through a structured interview. Proportionality of patients; Mean age group; Childhood trauma reported by patients; Mean Dissociative Experiences Scale score; Averages of symptom types.
- Published
- 1996
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35. The scientific status of childhood dissociative identity disorder: a review of published research.
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Sar, Vedat, Middleton, Warwick, and Dorahy, Martin J
- Published
- 2012
36. Introduction.
- Author
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Rhoades Jr., George F. and Sar, Vedat
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PREFACES & forewords , *EMOTIONAL trauma - Abstract
An introduction to the book "Trauma and Dissociation in a Cross-Cultural Perspective: Not Just a North American Phenomenon," edited by George F. Rhoades Jr. and Vedat Sar is presented.
- Published
- 2005
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37. Sociocognitive and posttraumatic models of dissociation are not opposed.
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Sar, Vedat, Krüger, Christa, Martínez-Taboas, Alfonso, Middleton, Warwick, and Dorahy, Martin
- Published
- 2013
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38. The Scientific Status of Childhood Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Review of Published Research.
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Sar, Vedat, Middleton, Warwick, and Dorahy, Martin J.
- Subjects
- *
LETTERS to the editor , *MULTIPLE personality in children - Abstract
No abstract available Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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39. Schizophrenia, Innovations in Diagnosis and Treatment.
- Author
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Sar, Vedat
- Subjects
- *
DIAGNOSIS of schizophrenia , *NONFICTION - Abstract
The article reviews the book "Schizophrenia, Innovations in Diagnosis and Treatment," by Colin A. Ross.
- Published
- 2006
40. Re: The Persistence of Folly: A Critical Examination of Dissociative Identity Disorder. What Are Dr Piper and Dr Merskey Trying to Do?
- Author
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Sar, Vedat
- Subjects
- *
LETTERS to the editor , *PERSONALITY disorders - Abstract
The article presents a letter to the editor in response to an article about childhood abuse in child and adolescent cases of multiple personality disorder.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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41. Economic impact of crisis intervention in emergency psychiatry: a naturalistic study
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Damsa, Cristian, Hummel, Christopher, Sar, Vedat, Di Clemente, Thierry, Maris, Susanne, Lazignac, Coralie, Massarczyk, Odile, and Pull, Charles
- Subjects
- *
COMMUNITY mental health services , *PSYCHOTHERAPY , *HOSPITAL care , *PSYCHIATRY - Abstract
Abstract: Objective. – This is a naturalistic study comparing the outcomes of all emergency psychiatric interventions in the Hospital Center of Luxemburg during two periods of six months each, before and after the introduction of a crisis intervention program. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical and economic impact of crisis intervention on psychiatric emergency admissions. Methods. – All subjects admitted to the emergency psychiatric unit during the two study periods were considered for participation. Data were collected retrospectively and comparisons were made between patients before (September 1, 2001 to February 28, 2002) and after (September 1, 2002 to February 28, 2003) crisis intervention programs were established. Results. – A comparison between the two patient groups demonstrated a significant decrease in the rate of voluntary hospitalizations after crisis intervention, and a significant increase in the number of patients with subsequent outpatient consultations. The cost increase due to ambulatory follow-ups was widely compensated for by the cost decrease due to hospitalization avoidance. Conclusions. – These preliminary findings suggest that crisis intervention leads to a shift from hospitalization to outpatient psychotherapeutic management in emergency psychiatric services, which has a significant economic impact. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Suicide attempt and self-mutilation among Turkish high school students in relation with abuse, neglect and dissociation.
- Author
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Zoroglu, Suleyman Salih, Tuzun, Umran, Sar, Vedat, Tutkun, Hamdi, Savaçs, Haluk Asuman, Ozturk, Mucahit, Alyanak, Behiye, and Kora, Meltem Erocal
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATIVE disorders in children , *CHILD abuse , *UNILATERAL neglect , *SELF-mutilation , *TEENAGERS - Abstract
Abstract A questionnaire consisting of items about abuse, neglect, self-mutilation and suicide attempt and the Turkish Version of the Dissociative Experiences Scale were given to 862 high school students. The rates of suicide attempt and self-mutilative behaviors were 10.1% and 21.4%, respectively. Abused or neglected groups (34.3%) had 7.6-fold higher suicide attempts and 2.7-fold higher self-mutilation behaviours. The logistic regression model showed that each type of trauma and dissociation contributed to suicide attempts and self-mutilation, but dissociation was the most powerful. Suicidal and self-destructive adolescents should precisely be evaluated for abuse, neglect and dissociation in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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43. The effects of individual biological rhythm differences on sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and dissociative experiences.
- Author
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Selvi, Yavuz, Kandeger, Ali, Boysan, Murat, Akbaba, Nursel, Sayin, Ayca A., Tekinarslan, Emine, Koc, Basak O., Uygur, Omer F., and Sar, Vedat
- Subjects
- *
BIOLOGICAL rhythms , *DROWSINESS , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *CHRONOBIOLOGY , *PSYCHOLOGY ,SLEEP & psychology - Abstract
Individuals who differ markedly by sleep chronotype, i.e., morning-type or evening-type also differ on a number of psychological, behavioral, and biological variables. Among several other psychological functions, dissociation may also lead to disruption and alteration of consciousness, which may facilitate dream-like experiences. Our study was aimed at an inquiry into the effects of individual biological rhythm differences on sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in conjunction with dissociative experiences. Participants were 372 undergraduate college students, completed a package of psychological instruments, including the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire, Dissociative Experiences Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Using logistic regression models, direct relations of pathological dissociation with sleepiness, sleep quality and circadian preferences were investigated. Poor sleep quality and sleepiness significantly contributed to the variance of dissociative symptomatology. Although there was no substantial linear association between circadian preferences and pathological dissociation, having evening-type preferences of sleep was indirectly associated with higher dissociation mediated by poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness seems to be significant antecedents of pathological dissociation. Sleep chronotype preferences underlie this relational pattern that chronobiological characteristics seem to influence indirectly on dissociative tendency via sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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44. Growing not dwindling: international research on the worldwide phenomenon of dissociative disorders.
- Author
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Martínez-Taboas, Alfonso, Dorahy, Martin, Sar, Vedat, Middleton, Warwick, and Krüger, Christa
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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45. Childhood trauma and treatment outcome in bipolar disorder.
- Author
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Cakir, Sibel, Tasdelen Durak, Rumeysa, Ozyildirim, Ilker, Ince, Ezgi, and Sar, Vedat
- Subjects
- *
MENTAL health , *WOUNDS & injuries , *CHILD abuse & psychology , *BIPOLAR disorder , *THERAPEUTICS , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *LONGITUDINAL method , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *COMORBIDITY , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *CHILDREN - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential influence of childhood trauma on clinical presentation, psychiatric comorbidity, and long-term treatment outcome of bipolar disorder. A total of 135 consecutive patients with bipolar disorder type I were recruited from an ongoing prospective follow-up project. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV Axis I Disorders were administered to all participants. Response to long-term treatment was determined from the records of life charts of the prospective follow-up project. There were no significant differences in childhood trauma scores between groups with good and poor responses to long-term lithium treatment. Poor responders to long-term anticonvulsant treatment, however, had elevated emotional and physical abuse scores. Lifetime diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was associated with poor response to lithium treatment and antidepressant use but not with response to treatment with anticonvulsants. Total childhood trauma scores were related to the total number of lifetime comorbid psychiatric disorders, antidepressant use, and the presence of psychotic features. There were significant correlations between all types of childhood abuse and the total number of lifetime comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. Whereas physical neglect was related to the mean severity of the mood episodes and psychotic features, emotional neglect was related to suicide attempts. A history of childhood trauma or PTSD may be a poor prognostic factor in the long-term treatment of bipolar disorder. Whereas abusive experiences in childhood seem to lead to nosological fragmentation (comorbidity), childhood neglect tends to contribute to the severity of the mood episodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse.
- Author
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Middleton, Warwick, Stavropoulos, Pam, Dorahy, Martin J, Krüger, Christa, Lewis-Fernández, Roberto, Martínez-Taboas, Alfonso, Sar, Vedat, and Brand, Bethany
- Subjects
- *
CHILD sexual abuse & psychology , *COURTS , *CHILD sexual abuse , *CHILDREN'S rights , *CRIME , *RELIGION , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders in children - Abstract
The authors comment on the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses of Child Sexual Abuse. They discuss institutional aspects of child sexual abuse and the opportunity provided by the commission. The authors also describe how the commission can be conceptualized as representing a sort of proxy investigation at two other levels.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Institutional abuse and societal silence: An emerging global problem.
- Author
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Middleton, Warwick, Stavropoulos, Pam, Dorahy, Martin J, Krüger, Christa, Lewis-Fernández, Roberto, Martínez-Taboas, Alfonso, Sar, Vedat, and Brand, Bethany
- Subjects
- *
CELEBRITIES , *CHILD sexual abuse , *MENTAL illness , *VICTIMS , *SOCIAL attitudes , *CHILDREN - Abstract
The authors comment on the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. They state the prevalence of childhood sexual and/or physical abuse. The also cite the phenomena of individuals, or groups of individuals, associated with institutions using their roles to further their sexual abuse of children.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Erratum: Dissociative disorders in DSM-5.
- Author
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Spiegel, David, Loewenstein, Richard J., Lewis‐Fernández, Roberto, Sar, Vedat, Simeon, Daphne, Vermetten, Eric, Cardeña, Etzel, and Dell, Paul F.
- Subjects
- *
DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *PSYCHIATRIC diagnosis , *MENTAL depression , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology , *MENTAL health - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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49. Dissociative disorders in DSM-5.
- Author
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Spiegel, David, Loewenstein, Richard J., Lewis‐Fernández, Roberto, Sar, Vedat, Simeon, Daphne, Vermetten, Eric, Cardeña, Etzel, and Dell, Paul F.
- Subjects
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DIAGNOSIS of dissociative disorders , *MENTAL illness , *PHENOMENOLOGY , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *NEUROBIOLOGY , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology - Abstract
Background: We present recommendations for revision of the diagnostic criteria for the Dissociative Disorders (DDs) for DSM-5. The periodic revision of the DSM provides an opportunity to revisit the assumptions underlying specific diagnoses and the empirical support, or lack of it, for the defining diagnostic criteria. Methods: This paper reviews clinical, phenomenological, epidemiological, cultural, and neurobiological data related to the DDs in order to generate an up-to-date, evidence-based set of DD diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for DSM-5. First, we review the definitions of dissociation and the differences between the definitions of dissociation and conceptualization of DDs in the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10, respectively. Also, we review more general conceptual issues in defining dissociation and dissociative disorders. Based on this review, we propose a revised definition of dissociation for DSM-5 and discuss the implications of this definition for understanding dissociative symptoms and disorders. Results: We make the following recommendations for DSM-5: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Dissociative disorders in DSM-5.
- Author
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Spiegel, David, Loewenstein, Richard J., Lewis-Fernández, Roberto, Sar, Vedat, Simeon, Daphne, Vermetten, Eric, Cardeña, Etzel, and Dell, Paul F.
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DIAGNOSIS of dissociative disorders , *PSYCHODIAGNOSTICS , *PHENOMENOLOGICAL psychology , *PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology , *NEUROBIOLOGY , *SYMPTOMS , *DISSOCIATION (Psychology) - Abstract
Background: We present recommendations for revision of the diagnostic criteria for the Dissociative Disorders (DDs) for DSM-5. The periodic revision of the DSM provides an opportunity to revisit the assumptions underlying specific diagnoses and the empirical support, or lack of it, for the defining diagnostic criteria. Methods: This paper reviews clinical, phenomenological, epidemiological, cultural, and neurobiological data related to the DDs in order to generate an up-to-date, evidence-based set of DD diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for DSM-5. First, we review the definitions of dissociation and the differences between the definitions of dissociation and conceptualization of DDs in the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10, respectively. Also, we review more general conceptual issues in defining dissociation and dissociative disorders. Based on this review, we propose a revised definition of dissociation for DSM-5 and discuss the implications of this definition for understanding dissociative symptoms and disorders. Results: We make the following recommendations for DSM-5: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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