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5 results on '"Sara Alsaleh"'

1. Behind the Sadness of Teen Girls: A Retrospective Survey Analysis Amidst the COVID-19 Crisis of 2021

Author

Onur Baser, Sara Alsaleh, Yixuan Zeng, and Isabel Baser

Subjects
depression, adolescent girls, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, family structure, parenting style, negative school experience, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

(1) Background: Adolescent girls have increasingly faced mental health challenges. We examined prevalence trends and associated risk factors for depression among adolescent girls. (2) Methods: Data for girls aged 12 to 17 years (N = 4346) from the 2021 cross-sectional National Survey on Drug Use and Health were analyzed. Factors associated with depression were examined using multiple regression analysis. (3) Results: Rates of severe depression were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in older girls (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.63, 1.61), those who did not have authoritative parents (AOR: 3.40), and those with negative school experiences (AOR: 4.03). Black and Asian/Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islanders were less likely to report severe depression than white girls. As previously reported, non-white girls were significantly less likely to receive treatment for depression (p < 0.05). Parents’ characteristics and school experiences had no effect on the likelihood of receiving mental health treatment. (4) Conclusions: Depression has become increasingly common among American adolescent girls, who are now three times as likely as adolescent boys to have had recent experiences with depression. Our results show that family structure, parenting style, and negative school experiences significantly contribute to the rate of depression and that treatment disparities exist with regard to race and ethnicity. The results of our research could be valuable for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and educators in developing specific preventative initiatives and support networks that effectively address these unique challenges.

Published
2024
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2. Cardiovascular events among patients with prostate cancer treated with abiraterone and enzalutamide

Author

Onur Baser, Gabriela Samayoa, Archana Dwivedi, Sara AlSaleh, Burhan Cigdem, and Erdi Kizilkaya

Subjects
prostate cancer, abiraterone, enzalutamide, cardiovascular adverse events, androgen deprivation therapy, hormone therapy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Background and purpose: There is growing concern about the adverse metabolic and cardiovascular effects of abiraterone acetate (AA) and enzalutamide (ENZ), two standard hormonal therapies for prostate cancer. We analysed the risk of cardiovascular adverse events among patients treated with AA and ENZ. Patients and methods: We used Kythera Medicare data from January 2019 to June 2023 to identify patients with at least one pharmacy claim for AA or ENZ. The index date was the first prescription claim date. Patients were required to have 1 year of data pre- and post-index date. New users excluded those with prior AA or ENZ claims and pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities. Demographic and clinical variables, including age, socioeconomic status (SES), comorbidity score, prostate-specific comorbidities, and healthcare costs, were analysed . Propensity score matching was employed for risk adjustment. Results: Of the 8,929 and 8,624 patients in the AA and ENZ cohorts, respectively, 7,647 were matched after adjusting for age, sociodemographic, and clinical factors. Between the matched cohorts (15.54% vs. 14.83%, p

Published
2024
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3. Factors Associated with the Prevalence and Treatment of Depression in Adolescent Males in the US during the Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Onur Baser, Yixuan Zeng, Sara Alsaleh, and Isabel Baser

Subjects
COVID-19, adolescent males, depression, treatment, risk factors, sex-specific differences, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Background: Much of the research on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has overlooked the experiences of adolescent boys. Objective: To examine the prevalence of depression, treatment trends, and associated risk factors among adolescent boys, controlling for the pandemic year. Methods: Data for boys aged 12 to 17 years (n = 4518) in the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were analyzed. Time trends and factors associated with depression were examined using a multiple regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of 12-month major depressive episodes (TMDEs) was 11.6% during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the boys with TMDEs, 37.8% received treatment overall, and 19.0% received prescription medication. Higher rates of TMDEs were estimated in boys who were older (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.66, p < 0.001), lived in single-mother households (AOR: 1.47, p < 0.001), did not have authoritative parents (AOR: 1.78, p < 0.001), and had negative school experiences (AOR: 2.45, p < 0.001). Although Black boys were less likely to report depression than white boys (AOR: 0.70, p < 0.05), nonwhite boys who had depression were significantly less likely to receive treatment. Boys living in a household without a mother were also less likely to receive treatment (AOR: 0.49, p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study reveals the unique developmental, social, and psychological factors that influence depression among adolescent boys. During the pandemic, more than one out of ten adolescent boys had a major depressive episode, and four of ten of them received treatment; half of these treatments were prescription medication. Recognizing these factors may allow for more targeted and effective interventions to improve mental health outcomes for this demographic.

Published
2023
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4. Safety and Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma to Treat Severe COVID-19: Protocol for the Saudi Collaborative Multicenter Phase II Study

Author

Abdul Salam, Arwa A. Nabhan Abdelhameed, Hazzaa Alzahrani, Hind Shatry, Abdul Rehman Z. Zaidi, Afra Dayel, Mohammed Albalawi, Abdulrahman Raizah, Nour AlMozain, Ahmed Alaskar, Syed Ziauddin A. Zaidi, Hind Alhumaidan, Rania Nagib Mohammed Abdallah, Ghazala Radwi, Sara Alsaleh, Ghada Elgohary, Ahmed Al Bahrani, Khalid Batarfi, Ahmed AlSagheir, Jawaher Mubarak Alotaibi, Rehab Al-Ansari, Nawal AlShehry, Mona Alfaraj, Alia Alfaraedi, Osamah Khojah, and Hani Alhashmi

Subjects
safety, medicine.medical_specialty, Randomization, coronaviruses, infectious disease, efficacy, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, MEDLINE, R858-859.7, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, immunology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Protocol, antibodies, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, treatment, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, General Medicine, Interim analysis, Patient recruitment, Sample size determination, convalescent plasma, Cohort, Emergency medicine, Propensity score matching, business, feasibility
Abstract

Background The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to cause significant morbidity and mortality. The development of an effective vaccine will take several months to become available, and its affordability is unpredictable. Transfusion of convalescent plasma (CP) may provide passive immunity. Based on initial data from China, a group of hematologists, infectious disease specialists, and intensivists drafted this protocol in March 2020. Objective The aim of this study is to test the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of CP in treating patients with COVID-19 across Saudi Arabia. Methods Eligible patients with COVID-19 will be recruited for CP infusion according to the inclusion criteria. As COVID-19 has proven to be a moving target as far as its management is concerned, we will use current definitions according to the Ministry of Health (MOH) guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. All CP recipients will receive supportive management including all available recommended therapies according to the available MOH guidelines. Eligible CP donors will be patients with COVID-19 who have fully recovered from their disease according to MOH recovery criteria as detailed in the inclusion criteria. CP donors have to qualify as blood donors according to MOH regulations except for the history of COVID-19 in the recent past. We will also test the CP donors for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by a rapid test, and aliquots will be archived for future antibody titration. Due to the perceived benefit of CP, randomization was not considered. However, we will compare the outcome of the cohort treated with CP with those who did not receive CP due to a lack of consent or lack of availability. In this national collaborative study, there is a likelihood of not finding exactly matched control group patients. Hence, we plan to perform a propensity score matching of the CP recipients with the comparator group patients for the major characteristics. We plan to collect demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of both groups and compare the outcomes. A total sample size of 575 patients, 115 CP recipients and 460 matched controls (1:4 ratio), will be sufficient to detect a clinically important hospital stay and 30-day mortality difference between the two groups with 80% power and a 5% level of significance. Results At present, patient recruitment is still ongoing, and the interim analysis of the first 40 patients will be shared soon. Conclusions In this paper, we present a protocol for a national collaborative multicenter phase II study in Saudi Arabia for assessing the feasibility, safety, and potential efficacy of CP in treating patients with severe COVID-19. We plan to publish an interim report of the first 40 CP recipients and their matched comparators soon. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04347681; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04347681 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/23543

Published
2020

5. Safety and Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma to Treat Severe COVID-19: Protocol for the Saudi Collaborative Multicenter Phase II Study (Preprint)

Author

Mohammed Albalawi, Syed Ziauddin Ahmed Zaidi, Nawal AlShehry, Ahmed AlAskar, Abdul Rehman Zia Zaidi, Rania Nagib Mohammed Abdallah, Abdul Salam, Ahmed AlSagheir, Nour AlMozain, Ghada Elgohary, Khalid Batarfi, Alia Alfaraedi, Osamah Khojah, Rehab Al-Ansari, Mona Alfaraj, Afra Dayel, Ahmed Al Bahrani, Arwa Nabhan Abdelhameed, Hind Alhumaidan, Jawaher M Al-Otaibi, Ghazala Radwi, Abdulrahman Raizah, Hind Shatry, Sara Alsaleh, Hazzaa AlZahrani, and Hani Al-Hashmi

Abstract

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to cause significant morbidity and mortality. The development of an effective vaccine will take several months to become available, and its affordability is unpredictable. Transfusion of convalescent plasma (CP) may provide passive immunity. Based on initial data from China, a group of hematologists, infectious disease specialists, and intensivists drafted this protocol in March 2020. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to test the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of CP in treating patients with COVID-19 across Saudi Arabia. METHODS Eligible patients with COVID-19 will be recruited for CP infusion according to the inclusion criteria. As COVID-19 has proven to be a moving target as far as its management is concerned, we will use current definitions according to the Ministry of Health (MOH) guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. All CP recipients will receive supportive management including all available recommended therapies according to the available MOH guidelines. Eligible CP donors will be patients with COVID-19 who have fully recovered from their disease according to MOH recovery criteria as detailed in the inclusion criteria. CP donors have to qualify as blood donors according to MOH regulations except for the history of COVID-19 in the recent past. We will also test the CP donors for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by a rapid test, and aliquots will be archived for future antibody titration. Due to the perceived benefit of CP, randomization was not considered. However, we will compare the outcome of the cohort treated with CP with those who did not receive CP due to a lack of consent or lack of availability. In this national collaborative study, there is a likelihood of not finding exactly matched control group patients. Hence, we plan to perform a propensity score matching of the CP recipients with the comparator group patients for the major characteristics. We plan to collect demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of both groups and compare the outcomes. A total sample size of 575 patients, 115 CP recipients and 460 matched controls (1:4 ratio), will be sufficient to detect a clinically important hospital stay and 30-day mortality difference between the two groups with 80% power and a 5% level of significance. RESULTS At present, patient recruitment is still ongoing, and the interim analysis of the first 40 patients will be shared soon. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we present a protocol for a national collaborative multicenter phase II study in Saudi Arabia for assessing the feasibility, safety, and potential efficacy of CP in treating patients with severe COVID-19. We plan to publish an interim report of the first 40 CP recipients and their matched comparators soon. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04347681; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04347681 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/23543

Published
2020
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