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[Display omitted] • Carbon capture technologies are overviewed focusing on development and potential. • The significance of geological storage and seepage monitoring was reviewed. • Pathway of Carbon utilization in different application fields was investigated. • Cost estimation of CCUS facilities is discussed based on the CO 2 capacity. • Major improvements, optimization, and efficiency on larger-scale were explored. Concerns are growing regarding the impact of human-caused CO 2 emissions on global warming, which is directly linked to climate change. To achieve carbon neutrality, we must prioritize the development of technologies that capture, store, and use CO 2. This review provides an updated overview of the technologies for carbon capture, storage, and utilization (CCUS). It focuses on technology readiness, cost analysis, and large-scale facility demonstrations. A deep insight has been conducted into the state-of-the-art of pre-, oxy-fuel, post-, and chemical looping combustion technologies. Geological storage and dynamic models as well as seepage investigations for storing captured carbon are detailed. Furthermore, we explained how waste CO 2 can be utilized in industrial processes and discussed the current development stages of these technologies. We also analyzed the stages of various carbon capture technologies based on their technology readiness levels. While reutilizing emitted CO 2 can contribute to a circular economy, some technologies may not be economically profitable. The potential challenges and obstacles associated with implementing CCUS facilities on a larger scale are addressed. The review confirms that the cost of CO 2 utilization is higher than the capture cost. For the first time, we elucidated the environmental impact of CCUS, and the risks and safety associated with the transportation and storage of CO 2. Machine learning algorithms are crucial in CCUS research, but they require appropriate selection and combination for optimal results. This review is a valuable reference point for recent advances in carbon capture and will help understand the CCUS process and future needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impact of heavy metal (HM) pollution and its understanding on environment as well as human beings has grown a lot during the last few decades. The goal of this study is to create a scientometric study on heavy metal contamination, in the period 1989 to 2020, in order to provide futuristic goals for the new researchers on wastewater treatment. For this, a search was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases, related to heavy metal pollution. Totally, 37,154 records were collected during the study period from 1989 to 2020. The findings revealed that China, the United States, and India has most referenced papers across a wide range of trans disciplinary issues such as toxicity, technology, and pollution. As a result, this study concludes that more research on various treatment methods is required in order to obtain high-quality water for consumption and routine activities, with the incorporation of various treatment tasks poses various challenges for the upcoming future studies. [Display omitted] • A bibliometric study is performed an heavy metal pollution between 1989 and 2020. • 37,154 records were critically analyzed to extract the bibliographic maps. • China, USA and India are the leading countries in heavy metal pollution research. • Advanced oxidation, coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, and membrane filtering technologies were focussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fossil fuel burning is the exclusive of key causes for greenhouse fume Carbon dioxide (CO 2). Magnesium nanocomposites synthesized in combination with graphene were characterized and their performance in adsorbing CO 2 is validated. The novelty of this work is the use of magnesium oxide decked MG to capture CO 2. The magnesium nanocomposites decked with multilayer graphene (MG) were prepared using a simple combustion process. BET surface area of 1480 m2g-1 makes it desirable for adsorbing CO 2 molecules. FTIR analysis after adsorption of CO 2 shows peak mid position at 3470.45 cm−1, 1300-1000 cm−1, 1603 cm−1, and 1114.30 cm−1 corresponding to the functional groups R-C-O, R–OH, R–COOH, -alkyne, Si–O–Si, and R–C–O–H shifted, signifying that chemisorption has taken place. The effect of many experimental parameters like adsorbent mass, period, and concentration of CO 2 was optimized during the experiments. A maximum of 92.2% of CO 2 was adsorbed at a concentration of 5 × 10– 4 M at the optimum contact of 70 min. During the experiment, the saturation point was attained at 70 min. Experiment results were best fitting to Langmuir adsorption isotherm; the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of MG was 7.067 × 10−3 mol/g/min. The kinetics of CO 2 on MG was labeled by Pseudo-second-order and R2 value nearly 0.988. [Display omitted] • Magnesium nanocomposites were synthesized in combination with graphene. • The synthesized multilayer graphene nanocomposite was utilized for CO 2 adsorption. • A maximum of 92.2% of CO 2 was adsorbed at the optimum contact of 70 min. • The maximum adsorption capacity of MG was 7.067 × 10−3 mol/g/min. • The kinetics of CO 2 sorption follows Pseudo-second-order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MXene, identified as a high performance material with superior properties, has gained significant importance in the field of applications including energy storage, photo catalysis, sensing of components and environmental pollution control. This review article is a comprehensive study on scientometric review on the research studies involving MXene and its derivatives for various applications. The aim of this study is to identify the areas of priority focused during the study period (2012–2020) and evaluate the impact of the studies in terms of different parameters. Using the suitable key words, a total of 3332 documents are identified and screened with respect to yearly count of literature, type of literature, language of publication, authors, Web of science (WoS) categories, most cited literature, author contribution, name of the affiliated institution, country of author affiliation, journals and key words. In addition, collaboration behavior and citation network are reviewed using the mapping tool. The total local citation score (TLCS) and total global citation score (TGCS) are evaluated. Based on the review data, the developments in the field of MXene applications are presented with more focus on sensing applications and photocatalysis. The top two contributing countries in the chosen field of MXene research are China and USA. Based on the number of documents published, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces and Journal of Materials Chemistry "A" are identified as the best two journals. [Display omitted] • Scientific analysis of MXene and its derivatives are performed for the period 2012–2020. • 3332 bibliographic records from the Web of Science are critically analyzed. • Most cited literature, authors, countries are identified. • Clustering of collaborating authors and institutions is explained. • Recent applications of MXene and future scope were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbohydrates are a class of macromolecules that has significant potential across several domains, including the organisation of genetic material, provision of structural support, and facilitation of defence mechanisms against invasion. Their molecular diversity enables a vast array of essential functions, such as energy storage, immunological signalling, and the modification of food texture and consistency. Due to their rheological characteristics, solubility, sweetness, hygroscopicity, ability to prevent crystallization, flavour encapsulation, and coating capabilities, carbohydrates are useful in food products. Carbohydrates hold potential for the future of therapeutic development due to their important role in sustained drug release, drug targeting, immune antigens, and adjuvants. Bio-based packaging provides an emerging phase of materials that offer biodegradability and biocompatibility, serving as a substitute for traditional non-biodegradable polymers used as coatings on paper. Blending polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) with carbohydrate biopolymers, such as starch, cellulose, polylactic acid, etc., reduces the undesirable qualities of PHA, such as crystallinity and brittleness, and enhances the PHA's properties in addition to minimizing manufacturing costs. Carbohydrate-based biopolymeric nanoparticles are a viable and cost-effective way to boost agricultural yields, which is crucial for the increasing global population. The use of biopolymeric nanoparticles derived from carbohydrates is a potential and economically viable approach to enhance the quality and quantity of agricultural harvests, which is of utmost importance given the developing global population. The carbohydrate biopolymers may play in plant protection against pathogenic fungi by inhibiting spore germination and mycelial growth, may act as effective elicitors inducing the plant immune system to cope with pathogens. Furthermore, they can be utilised as carriers in controlled-release formulations of agrochemicals or other active ingredients, offering an alternative approach to conventional fungicides. It is expected that this review provides an extensive summary of the application of carbohydrates in the realms of food, pharmaceuticals, and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollution of heavy metals is one of the risky contaminations that should be managed for all intents and purposes of general well-being concerns. The bioaccumulation of these heavy metals inside our bodies and pecking orders will influence our people in the future. Bioremediation is a bio-mechanism where residing organic entities use and reuse the squanders that are reused to one more form. This could be accomplished by taking advantage of the property of explicit biomolecules or biomass that is equipped for restricting by concentrating the necessary heavy metal particles. The microorganisms can't obliterate the metal yet can change it into a less harmful substance. In this unique circumstance, this review talks about the sources, poisonousness, impacts, and bioremediation strategies of five heavy metals: lead, mercury, arsenic, chromium, and manganese. The concentrations here are the ordinary strategies for bioremediation such as biosorption methods, the use of microbes, green growth, and organisms, etc. This review demonstrates the toxicity of heavy metal contamination degradation by biotransformation through bacterioremediation and biodegradation through mycoremediation. [Display omitted] • Human exposure to heavy metal, bioaccumulation and bioremediation is discussed. • Origin, sources and toxicity of various heavy metals are discussed. • Genes and their function of heavy metals is presented. • Bio-stimulation and bio-enhancement towards remediation of heavy metals degeneration is investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biosynthesized nanoparticles have sparked a lot of interest as rapidly growing classes of materials for different applications. Plants are considered to be one of the most suitable sources for Green synthesis (GS) as they follow the environment-friendly route of biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). This article focuses on the excavation of Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) NP from different parts of plants belonging to a distinct classification of taxonomic groups. During the process of biological synthesis of titanium NPs from plants, the extract derived from plant sources such as from root, stem, leaves, seeds, flowers, and latex possesses phytocompounds that tend to serve as both capping as well as reducing agents. TiO 2 NP is one of the most commonly used engineered nanomaterials in nanotechnology-based consumer products. This article will provide an overview of the GS and characterization of TiO 2 NPs from plant extracts of different taxonomic groups. Lastly, this review summarizes the current applications of TiO 2 NPs. [Display omitted] • The titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesized from different plant sources were reviewed. • Different characterization techniques used to study physical and chemical properties were discussed. • Biological, Photocatalytic and Environmental applications of titanium dioxide nanoparticles are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work investigates the conditional influence on Vigna radiate seed germination in vitro and in vivo using the green chemistry approach for the manufacture of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) from seed extract of Trachyspermum ammi (T. ammi). Ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the TiO 2 NPs produced. The crystalline nature of TiO 2 NP was revealed by XRD data, and TEM investigation revealed an irregularity in TiO 2 NP shape with a size of 17.5 nm. UV absorbance at 315 nm for the TiO 2 NPs was observed using Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer. The antioxidant potential of the synthesized nanoparticle was discovered to be good. In case of seed germination studies, six concentrations (25, 50 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg mL− 1) of TiO 2 NPs were examined along with the control on Vigna radiata seeds. Germination parameters such as seed vigor index (SVI), germination percentage (GP), germination value (GV) root length (RL) and shoot length (SL) of the Vigna radiata seedlings were observed and results revealed that the green synthesized TiO 2 NPs were significantly improved. The results indicated that the TiO 2 NP affected the plant growth more specifically at lower concentration (50 μg mL−1) of TiO 2 NPs. Overall, the findings of this present study stipulated that the green TiO 2 NP production can enhance the growth of Vigna radiate under in vitro and in vivo conditions. [Display omitted] • Green synthesis of titanium nanoparticle using aqueous Trachyspermum ammi (Ajwain) seed extracts. • Synthesized colloidal titanium was confirmed spectrophotometrically at 312 nm. • X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystalline nature of the TiO 2 NPs. • DPPH assay results showed that the TiO 2 NPs had good antioxidant activity. • Plant growth of Vigna radiate was enhanced using biogenic titanium nanoparticle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient BiVO 4 nanocatalyst with Erbium (Er) and Yttrium (Y) doping was synthesized via a facile microwave irradiation route and the obtained materials were further characterized through various techniques such as p-XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, UV–Vis DRS, PL, LSV, and EISanalysis. The obtained results revealed that the rare metals induce the stabilization of the monoclinic-tetragonal crystalline structure with a distinct morphology. The yttrium doped BiVO 4 (Y–BiVO 4) monoclinic-tetragonal exhibited anefficient photoelectrochemical water splitting and photocatalytic performanceare compared to bare BiVO 4. TheY-BiVO 4 indicated increased results of photocurrent of 0.43 mA/cm2and bare BiVO 4 0.24 mA/cm2. Also, the Y-doped BiVO 4 nanocatalyst showed the maximum photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MB, MO, and RhB. A maximum degradation of 93%, 85%, and 91% was achieved for MB, MO, and RhB respectively, within 180 min under the visible light illumination. The photocatalytic decomposition of acetaldehyde also was performed. The improved photoelectrochemical water splitting and photocatalytic activity are due to the narrowing the bandgap, leading to extending the photoabsorption capability and reducing the recombination rate of photoexcited electron-hole pairs through the formation inner energy state of the rare earth metals. The current study disclosed that the synthesis of nanomaterials with crystal modification could be a prospectivecontender forhydrogen energy production as well as to the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.To the best of our knowledge, both photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical studies were never been reported before for this type of material. [Display omitted] • BiVO 4 nanocatalystdoped with Erbium (Er) and Yttrium (Y) was synthesized. • Nanocatalysts were characterized by p-XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, UV–Vis DRS, PL, LSV, and EIS. • Raman analysis confirms the successful incorporation of rare metals into the BiVO 4 structure. • Y–BiVO 4 exhibited efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting and photocatalytic performance. • Maximum degradation of 93%, 85%, and 91% was achieved for MB, MO, and RhB respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MXene, comprised of two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitride, has emerged as a novel material suitable for environmental remediation of toxic compounds. Due to their inherent and superior physical and chemical properties, MXene is employed in separation techniques like photocatalysis, adsorption, and membrane separation. MXene is equipped with a highly hydrophilic surface, ion exchange property, and robust surface functional groups. In this review paper, a comprehensive discussion on the structural patterns, preparation, properties of MXene and its application for the removal of toxic pollutants like Radionuclide, Uranium, Thorium, and dyes is presented. The mechanism of removal of the pollutants by MXene is extensively reviewed. Synthesis of MXene based membranes, their properties, and application for water purification and properties were also discussed. This review will be highly helpful to understand critically the methods of synthesis and use of MXene material for priority environmental pollutants removal. In addition, the challenges behind the synthesis and use of MXene for decontamination of pollutants were reviewed and reported. • The structural patterns of MXene and its different formula are reviewed. • The synthesis of 2D MXenes by primary techniques (Top-down and Bottom-up) was briefly reviewed. • Mechanical, Electronic, Optical, Oxidative stability, Magnetic nature and Hydrogen storage properties of MXene are reviewed. • This review emphasis the environmental application of toxic pollutant removal on MXene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]