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109 results on '"Sarkissian, Alain"'

1. Advancing CubeSats Capabilities: Ground-Based Calibration of Uvsq-Sat NG Satellite's NIR Spectrometer and Determination of the Extraterrestrial Solar Spectrum.

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, Dufour, Christophe, Bolsée, David, Van Laeken, Lionel, Clavier, Cannelle, Chandran, Amal, Chang, Loren, Sarkissian, Alain, Galopeau, Patrick, Hauchecorne, Alain, Dahoo, Pierre-Richard, Damé, Luc, Vieau, André-Jean, Bertran, Emmanuel, Gilbert, Pierre, Ferreira, Fréderic, Engler, Jean-Luc, Montaron, Christophe, Mangin, Antoine, and Hembise Fanton d'Andon, Odile

Subjects
SPECTRAL irradiance, SPECTRAL sensitivity, SUN observations, TERRESTRIAL radiation, SPECTROGRAPHS, SOLAR spectra
Abstract

Uvsq-Sat NG is a French 6U CubeSat (10 × 20 × 30 cm) of the International Satellite Program in Research and Education (INSPIRE) designed primarily for observing greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CO2 and CH4, measuring the Earth's radiation budget (ERB), and monitoring solar spectral irradiance (SSI) at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA). It epitomizes an advancement in CubeSat technology, showcasing its enhanced capabilities for comprehensive Earth observation. Scheduled for launch in 2025, the satellite carries a compact and miniaturized near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer capable of performing observations in both nadir and solar directions within the wavelength range of 1100 to 2000 nm, with a spectral resolution of 7 nm and a 0.15° field of view. This study outlines the preflight calibration process of the Uvsq-Sat NG NIR spectrometer (UNIS), with a focus on the spectral response function and the absolute calibration of the instrument. The absolute scale of the UNIS spectrometer was accurately calibrated with a quartz-halogen lamp featuring a coiled-coil tungsten filament, certified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a standard of spectral irradiance. Furthermore, this study details the ground-based measurements of direct SSI through atmospheric NIR windows conducted with the UNIS spectrometer. The measurements were obtained at the Pommier site (45.54°N, 0.83°W) in Charentes–Maritimes (France) on 9 May 2024. The objective of these measurements was to verify the absolute calibration of the UNIS spectrometer conducted in the laboratory and to provide an extraterrestrial solar spectrum using the Langley-plot technique. By extrapolating the data to AirMass Zero (AM0), we obtained high-precision results that show excellent agreement with SOLAR-HRS and TSIS-1 HSRS solar spectra. At 1.6 μm, the SSI was determined to be 238.59 ± 3.39 mW.m−2.nm−1 (k = 2). These results demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the UNIS spectrometer for both SSI observations and GHG measurements, providing a solid foundation for future orbital data collection and analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Assessing Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Capabilities Using SolAtmos End-to-End Simulator: Application to the Uvsq-Sat NG Mission.

Author

Clavier, Cannelle, Meftah, Mustapha, Sarkissian, Alain, Romand, Frédéric, Hembise Fanton d'Andon, Odile, Mangin, Antoine, Bekki, Slimane, Dahoo, Pierre-Richard, Galopeau, Patrick, Lefèvre, Franck, Hauchecorne, Alain, and Keckhut, Philippe

Subjects
GREENHOUSE gases, MONTE Carlo method, CARBON dioxide, MICROSPACECRAFT, SPATIAL resolution, SIGNAL-to-noise ratio, URBAN forestry
Abstract

Monitoring atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) like carbon dioxide and methane in near real time and with good spatial resolution is crucial for enhancing our understanding of the sources and sinks of these gases. A novel approach can be proposed using a constellation of small satellites equipped with miniaturized spectrometers having a spectral resolution of a few nanometers. The objective of this study is to describe expected results that can be obtained with a single satellite named Uvsq-Sat NG. The SolAtmos end-to-end simulator and its three tools (IRIS, OptiSpectra, and GHGRetrieval) were developed to evaluate the performance of the spectrometer of the Uvsq-Sat NG mission, which focuses on measuring the main GHGs. The IRIS tool was implemented to provide Top-Of-Atmosphere (TOA) spectral radiances. Four scenes were analyzed (pine forest, deciduous forest, ocean, snow) combined with different aerosol types (continental, desert, maritime, urban). Simulated radiance spectra were calculated based on the wavelength ranges of the Uvsq-Sat NG, which spans from 1200 to 2000 nm. The OptiSpectra tool was used to determine optimal observational settings for the spectrometer, including Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and integration time. Data derived from IRIS and OptiSpectra served as input for our GHGRetrieval simulation tool, developed to provide greenhouse gas concentrations. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm was applied iteratively to fine-tune gas concentrations and model inputs, aligning observed transmittance functions with simulated ones under given environmental conditions. To estimate gas concentrations (CO2, CH4, O2, H2O) and their uncertainties, the Monte Carlo method was used. Based on this analysis, this study demonstrates that a miniaturized spectrometer onboard Uvsq-Sat NG is capable of observing different scenes by adjusting its integration time according to the wavelength. The expected precision for each measurement is of the order of a few ppm for carbon dioxide and less than 25 ppb for methane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Uvsq-Sat NG, a New CubeSat Pathfinder for Monitoring Earth Outgoing Energy and Greenhouse Gases

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, primary, Clavier, Cannelle, additional, Sarkissian, Alain, additional, Hauchecorne, Alain, additional, Bekki, Slimane, additional, Lefèvre, Franck, additional, Galopeau, Patrick, additional, Dahoo, Pierre-Richard, additional, Pazmino, Andrea, additional, Vieau, André-Jean, additional, Dufour, Christophe, additional, Maso, Pierre, additional, Caignard, Nicolas, additional, Ferreira, Frédéric, additional, Gilbert, Pierre, additional, d’Andon, Odile Hembise Fanton, additional, Mathieu, Sandrine, additional, Mangin, Antoine, additional, Billard, Catherine, additional, and Keckhut, Philippe, additional

Published
2023
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10. The Space Weather and Ultraviolet Solar Variability (SWUSV) Microsatellite Mission

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, Hauchecorne, Alain, Keckhut, Philippe, Sarkissian, Alain, Marchand, Marion, Irbah, Abdenour, Quémerais, Éric, Bekki, Slimane, Foujols, Thomas, Kretzschmar, Matthieu, Cessateur, Gaël, Shapiro, Alexander, Schmutz, Werner, Kuzin, Sergey, Slemzin, Vladimir, Urnov, Alexander, Bogachev, Sergey, Merayo, José, Brauer, Peter, Tsinganos, Kanaris, Paschalis, Antonis, Mahrous, Ayman, Khaled, Safinaz, Ghitas, Ahmed, Marzouk, Besheir, Zaki, Amal, Hady, Ahmed A., Kariyappa, Rangaiah, and Damé, Luc

Published
2013
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13. INSPIRE-SAT 7, a Second CubeSat to Measure the Earth’s Energy Budget and to Probe the Ionosphere

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, primary, Boust, Fabrice, additional, Keckhut, Philippe, additional, Sarkissian, Alain, additional, Boutéraon, Thomas, additional, Bekki, Slimane, additional, Damé, Luc, additional, Galopeau, Patrick, additional, Hauchecorne, Alain, additional, Dufour, Christophe, additional, Finance, Adrien, additional, Vieau, André-Jean, additional, Bertran, Emmanuel, additional, Gilbert, Pierre, additional, Caignard, Nicolas, additional, Dias, Clément, additional, Engler, Jean-Luc, additional, Lacroix, Patrick, additional, Grossel, Kévin, additional, Rannou, Véronique, additional, Saillant, Stéphane, additional, Avelino, Yannick, additional, Azoulay, Benjamin, additional, Brand, Cyril, additional, Dominguez, Carlos, additional, Haasz, Akos, additional, Paskeviciute, Agne, additional, Segura, Kevin, additional, Maso, Pierre, additional, Ancelin, Sébastien, additional, Mercier, Christophe, additional, Stee, Valentin, additional, Mangin, Antoine, additional, Bolsée, David, additional, and Billard, Catherine, additional

Published
2022
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16. 10 years of Polar Stratospheric Clouds lidar measurements at the French antarctic station Dumont d'Urville

Author

Jumelet, Julien, Tence, Florent, Sarkissian, Alain, Bekki, Slimane, Keckhut, Philippe, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs) play a primary role in polar stratospheric ozone depletion processes. Aside from recent improvements in both spaceborne monitoring as well as investigations on microphysics and modeling, there are still caveats on building a comprehensive picture of the PSC particle population, especially considering the fine optical signatures of some particles. In that regard, groundbased instruments provide fine and long term reference measurements that complement the global spaceborne coverage.Operated at the French antarctic station Dumont d’Urville (DDU) in the frame of the international Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), the Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar provides over the years a solid dataset to feed both process and classification studies, by monitoring cloud and aerosol occurrences in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Located on antarctic shore (66°S - 140°E), the station has a privileged access to polar vortex dynamics. Measurements are weather-dependent with a yearly average of 130 nights of monitoring. Expected PSC formation temperatures are used to evaluate the whole PSC season occurrence statistics.We hereby present a consolidated dataset from 10 years of lidar measurements using the 532nm backscatter ratio, the aerosol depolarisation and local atmospheric conditions to help in building an aerosol/cloud classification. Overall, the DDU PSC pattern is very consistent with expected typical temperature controlled thresholds. Supercooled Ternary Solution (STS) particles are the most observed particle type, closely followed by Nitric Acid Trihydrate (NAT). ICE clouds are more rarely observed. The measurements also feature significant and detailed signatures of various aerosols events having reached the polar antarctic stratosphere, like the Calbuco eruption (2015) or the 2 australian wildfires episodes (2009 and 2019). We aim at refining the identification of those aerosols to include their impact in the scope of the scientific questions studied at DDU.

Published
2021

17. Optical properties of smoke particules from Australian 2019-20 wildfires derived from lidar measurements at the French Antarctic station Dumont d'Urville

Author

Tence, Florent, Jumelet, Julien, Sarkissian, Alain, Bekki, Slimane, Khaykin, Sergey, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Australia experienced an unprecedented fire season from August 2019 to March 2020, now colloquially named as Black Summer. As a warming climate could tend to enhance wildfire seasons, it is critical to study their impact on a large scale : pyrocumunolimbus (pyroCb) events directly inject large quantities of material into the stratosphere, from which aerosols can then be transported due to the general circulation patterns. Stratospheric aerosols have an important impact on the radiative budget of the Earth : directly, through the change in albedo they imply, and indirectly, enhancing nucleation processes.The pyrocumunolimbus events triggered by these wildfires between 2019/12/29 and 2020/01/04 raised the stratospheric aerosol load of the Southern Hemisphere to a rarely observed level and we hereby present the optical signatures and characterization of the smoke-related aerosols detected at the French Antarctic station Dumont d'Urville (66.6°S - 140°E) since their first detection in november 2019 and their presence throughout the 2020 year after long range transport. Combined with satellite measurements from OMI and OMPS, lidar measurements allow us to follow the time evolution of these aerosol layers, their vertical distribution in altitude as well as their optical properties and assessment of the lidar ratio. As the groundbased instrumental coverage remains sparse in the Southern Hemisphere and especially in Antarctica, such events highlight the importance of running monitoring programs at high latitudes.

Published
2021

18. The UVSQ-SAT/INSPIRESat-5 CubeSat Mission: First In-Orbit Measurements of the Earth’s Outgoing Radiation

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, primary, Boutéraon, Thomas, additional, Dufour, Christophe, additional, Hauchecorne, Alain, additional, Keckhut, Philippe, additional, Finance, Adrien, additional, Bekki, Slimane, additional, Abbaki, Sadok, additional, Bertran, Emmanuel, additional, Damé, Luc, additional, Engler, Jean-Luc, additional, Galopeau, Patrick, additional, Gilbert, Pierre, additional, Lapauw, Laurent, additional, Sarkissian, Alain, additional, Vieau, André-Jean, additional, Lacroix, Patrick, additional, Caignard, Nicolas, additional, Arrateig, Xavier, additional, Hembise Fanton d’Andon, Odile, additional, Mangin, Antoine, additional, Carta, Jean-Paul, additional, Boust, Fabrice, additional, Mahé, Michel, additional, and Mercier, Christophe, additional

Published
2021
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22. UVSQ-SAT, a small nanosatellite to observe the Sun and the Earth - Imagine a new way for measuring Earth's energy imbalance

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, Damé, Luc, Keckhut, Philippe, Hauchecorne, Alain, Bekki, Slimane, Sarkissian, Alain, Carta, Jean-Paul, Dave, R., Bertran, Emmanuel, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Carta-Rouxel, Nanovation SARL, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.IM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; UVSQ-SAT (UV & IR Sensors at high Quantum efficiency onboard a small SATellite) is a small nanosatellite (10 cm × 10 cm × 11.35 cm, 1.4 kg, 1.6 W), which is scheduled to be launched in December 2020 on a low Earth orbit with an altitude between 500 and 600 km. The objectives of this in-orbit demonstration CubeSat range from science to education and outreach. The first scientific goal is to measure the incoming solar radiations (total solar irradiance) and the outgoing terrestrial radiations (top of atmosphere outgoing longwave radiations and shortwave radiations) using twelve miniaturized thermopiles sensors. The second scientific goal is to monitor the solar spectral irradiance at 215 nm (Herzberg solar continuum) using four photodiodes based on intrinsic advantages of pulsed laser deposition of ZnO nanostructures with MgZnO alloy. The third objective is to space-qualified a medical device for astronauts. All UVSQ-SAT instruments can acquire the technical maturity for the future large missions (constellation that insure global measurement cover) by flying in a CubeSat. The UVSQ-SAT mission is intended to demonstrate the ability to build a low-cost satellite with a high accuracy measurement in order to have constant flow of data from space by using miniaturized instruments (volume, mass, power, telemetry).

Published
2019

24. UVSQ-SAT, a Pathfinder CubeSat Mission for Observing Essential Climate Variables

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, primary, Damé, Luc, additional, Keckhut, Philippe, additional, Bekki, Slimane, additional, Sarkissian, Alain, additional, Hauchecorne, Alain, additional, Bertran, Emmanuel, additional, Carta, Jean-Paul, additional, Rogers, David, additional, Abbaki, Sadok, additional, Dufour, Christophe, additional, Gilbert, Pierre, additional, Lapauw, Laurent, additional, Vieau, André-Jean, additional, Arrateig, Xavier, additional, Muscat, Nicolas, additional, Bove, Philippe, additional, Sandana, Éric, additional, Teherani, Ferechteh, additional, Li, Tong, additional, Pradel, Gilbert, additional, Mahé, Michel, additional, Mercier, Christophe, additional, Paskeviciute, Agne, additional, Segura, Kevin, additional, Berciano Alba, Alicia, additional, Aboulila, Ahmed, additional, Chang, Loren, additional, Chandran, Amal, additional, Dahoo, Pierre-Richard, additional, and Bui, Alain, additional

Published
2019
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25. Year-round measurements of ozone at 66 deg S with a visible spectrometer

Author

Roscoe, Howard K, Oldham, Derek J, Squires, James A. C, Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Goutail, Florence, and Sarkissian, Alain

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

In March 1990, a zenith-sky UV-visible spectrometer of the design 'Systeme Automatique d'Obervation Zenithal' (SAOZ) was installed at Faraday in Antarctica (66.3 deg S, 64.3 deg W). SAOZ records spectra between 290 and 600 nm during daylight. Its analysis program fits laboratory spectra of constituents, at various wavelengths, to the differential of the ratio of the observed spectrum and a reference spectrum. The least-squares fitting procedure minimizes the sum-of-squares of residuals. Ozone is deduced from absorption in its visible bands between 500 and 560 nm. The fortunate colocation of this SAOZ with the well-calibrated Dobson at Faraday has allowed us to examine the calibration of the zero of the SAOZ, difficult at visible wavelengths because of the small depth of absorption. Here we describe recent improvements and limitations to this calibration, and discuss SAOZ measurements of ozone during winter in this important location at the edge of the Antarctic vortex.

Published
1994

26. Total Column Water Vapor Trends from 15 Years of MODIS/NIR above the Arctic

Author

Alraddawi, Dunya, Sarkissian, Alain, Keckhut, Philippe, Bock, Olivier, Claud, Chantal, Irbah, Abdanour, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAboratoire de REcherche en Géodésie [Paris] (LAREG), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Water vapor is defined as a major climate indicator at many occasions, highly variable spatially and temporarily, water vapor has the most important natural GHG effect, through his high infra-red absorption capacity, and temperature changes sensitivity, water vapor affects the Earth radiative budget and energy transfer, evolved at many atmospheric dynamics including the cloud formation and the aerosols composition. As a consequence to the accelerated transition towards the new climate especially above the arctic, and to investigate the feedback to the arctic amplification and the global warming, we study the water vapor variability and trends on a relatively long term above the arctic region, using the Total Column Water Vapor retrieval from MODIS/NIR spectro-radiometer on board of TERRA satellite. These 15 Years monthly daytime satellite data were compared to GPS integrated water vapor over four selected NDACC polar stations: Sodankyla-Finland, Ny-Alesund –Svalbard, Thule-Greenland, Scoresbysund-Greenland. GPS data are calculated with the temperature and pressure profile of the nearest coastal ERA-Interim station. These data were filtered for nearly coincident time to satellite over pass in order to exclude the timing effects. Errors, relative biases and RMSE at both monthly and seasonally scales will be presented and discussed. Then the MODIS 15 years linear trends and anomalies above the whole Arctic will be shown with a special focus on sea ice extent decline feed-back and hydrologic cycle connections with respect to heat waves. Results show wetter trends on the Mackenzie and mid-Siberia at September, unlike the European arctic summer which is getting drier, while Svalbard is getting wetter almost all the year. Conclusion and perspectives are also presented.

Published
2016

31. The International Planetary Data Alliance (IPDA): Overview of the Activities

Author

Sarkissian, Alain, Gopala Krishna, Barla, Crichton, D. J., Beebe, R., Yamamoto, Y., Arviset, Christophe, Di Capria, Maria Teresa, Mickaelian, A. M., STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Albuquerque], The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), V.A. Ambartsumian Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO), Areg Mickaelian, Andy Lawrence, and Tigran Magakian, and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; An overview of activities of the IPDA is presented in the frame of the recently growing number of successful space experiments dedicated to planetary observation, with a significantly growing number of people involved in such activity and with significantly growing numbers of web services willing to share data and services in our research domain, but also, in close by domains such as astronomy, heliophysics and atmospheric sciences for the Earth. An overview of a number of space agencies and organizations is given. In total, IPDA consists of 13 national organizations: NASA (USA), CNES (France), ESA (Europe), STFC (UK), JAXA (Japan), ASI (Italy), ISRO (India), DLR (Germany), RKA (Russia), RCSA (China), FMI (Finland), ArSA (Armenia) and United Arab Emirates. Some projects of 2015 in frame of the IPDA activities are described.

Published
2015

32. Arctic aerosol and cloud measurements performed during IAOOS 2014

Author

Mariage, Vincent, Pelon, Jacques, Blouzon, Frédéric, Geyskens, Nicolas, Amarouche, Nadir, Drezen, Christine, Calzas, Michel, Victori, Stéphane, Garracio, Magali, Desautez, Alain, Pascal, Nicolas, Foujols, Thomas, Sarkissian, Alain, Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Sennéchael, Nathalie, Provost, Christine, TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Société Cimel Electronique, Division technique INSU/SDU (DTI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), interaction Clouds Aerosols Radiations - ICARE/AERIS Data and Services Center - UMS 2877 (ICARE), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, Austral, Boréal et Carbone (ABC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636))

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Better understanding of atmosphere-ice-ocean interactions and in particular of the role of aerosols and clouds in this Earth system is of prime importance in the Arctic. In the frame of the French IAOOS Equipex project, a new observational network is planned to be developed for ocean-ice-atmosphere climate survey over the Arctic, starting in 2015, to complement satellite observations. Eye-safe lidar measurements will allow us to profile aerosols and clouds for the atmospheric part, with the objective to perform regular measurements and characterize the vertical structure and optical properties. Radiation and meteorological parameters will be measured at the surface. A first buoy has been prototyped and deployed in April 2014 at the Barneo site set by the Russian teams at the North Pole. Measurements with the first autonomous backscatter lidar ever deployed in the arctic have been taken from April to end of November 2014 before the buoy was lost. Four profiles a day have been performed allowing a good sampling of cloud variability. Observations have shown that the occurrence of low level clouds was higher than 90% during summer. The project is presented, instrument performance is described and first results are discussed.

Published
2015

33. IAOOS (Ice - Atmosphere - Arctic Ocean Observing System, 2011-2019)

Author

Provost, Christine, Pelon, Jacques, Sennéchael, Nathalie, Calzas, Michel, Blouzon, Frédéric, Desautez, Alain, Descloitres, J., Gascard, Jean-Claude, Villacieros Robineau, Nicolas, Mariage, Vincent, Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Foujols, Thomas, Drezen, Christine, Guillot, Antoine, Geyskens, Nicolas, Amarouche, Nadir, Sarkissian, Alain, Pascal, Nicolas, Garracio, Magali, Mahé, P.D., Sayadi, Jihane, Correia, Jean-Jacques, Genau, Pascal, Wegmüller, Nicolas, Maria, Jean-Luc, Austral, Boréal et Carbone (ABC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division technique INSU/SDU (DTI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), interaction Clouds Aerosols Radiations - ICARE/AERIS Data and Services Center - UMS 2877 (ICARE), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme d'Intégration et de Tests (PIT), Observatoire de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (OVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU/SPU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

6th International Workshop on Sea-Ice Modelling and Data Assimilation, 2014 September 15-16, Toulouse, France; International audience; The key to documenting and understanding change in the Arctic is continuous monitoring. The high cost of Arctic operations thus makes observationsby satellite or with long-endurance, refurbishable, autonomous platforms a cost effective solution to continuously observe on-going changes in nearreal-time. IAOOS (Ice Atmosphere Ocean Observing System, http://www.iaoos-equipex.upmc.fr, http://iaoos.ipev.fr/) is a nine-year France-fundedproject (2011-2019), developed by LOCEAN and LATMOS, which objective is to provide and maintain an integrated observing system over the ArcticOcean that collects synoptic and near real time information related to the state of the atmosphere, the snow, the sea-ice and the ocean.

Published
2015

34. SUMO: Solar Ultraviolet Monitor and Ozone nanosatellite

Author

Damé, Luc, Meftah, Mustapha, Irbah, Abdanour, Hauchecorne, Alain, Keckhut, Philippe, Sarkissian, Alain, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Rogers, David, Bove, Philippe, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Dewitte, Steven, HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, Nanovation SARL, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] - Royal Meteorological Institute (IRM), Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] (IRM), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.SR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; SUMO is an innovative proof-of-concept nanosatellite aiming to measure on the same platform the different components of the Earth radiation budget (ERB), the solar energy input and the energy reemitted at the top of the Earth atmosphere, with a particular focus on the far UV (FUV) part of the spectrum and on the ozone layer. The FUV is the only wavelength band with energy absorbed in the high atmosphere (stratosphere), in the ozone (Herzberg continuum, 200–220 nm) and oxygen bands, and its high variability is most probably at the origin of a climate influence (UV affects stratospheric dynamics and temperatures, altering interplanetary waves and weather patterns both poleward and downward to the lower stratosphere and tropopause). A simultaneous observation of incoming FUV and ozone production would bring an invaluable information on this process of solar-climate forcing. Space instruments have already measured the different components of the ERB but this is the first time that all instruments will operate on the same platform. This characteristic by itself guarantees original scientific results. SUMO is a 3.6 kg, 3W, 10x10x30 cm3 nanosatellite ("3U"), with a "1U" payload of

Published
2014

35. Massiv search in spectroscopic archives: The virtual observatory, from atmospheric water vapour to the carbon on asteroids

Author

Sarkissian, Alain, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Claude Boutron(boutron@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr), and Sarkissian, Alain

Subjects
asteroids, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, ozone polaire, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, polar ozone, astéroïdes, étoiles carbonées, atmospheric water vapor, observatoire virtuel, carbon stars, virtual observatory, vapeur d'eau atmosphérique
Abstract

It is at the intersection of research areas that are now most likely to participate in a major discovery. The fields themselves are very well covered and it is true that it can specialize as the marginal aspects elude us. Here is a motivation that comes out of motives such as the current scientific understanding of polar ozone depletion, changes in our climate, or looking for a life outside our planet. Yet it is also a motivation that can be simultaneously on several hot topics of the moment. Thus, my work past, present and likely future of the atmospheres and climates of Earth and planetary science in particular illustrate the general theme of my research. Spectroscopy and radiative modelisation were my tools so far marked the limits of this research., C'est à l'intersection des domaines de recherches qu'il y a aujourd'hui le plus de chance de participer à une découverte majeure. Les domaines eux-même sont très bien couverts et c'est vrai qu'il faut parfois tant se spécialiser que les aspects marginaux nous échappent. Voila une motivation qui sort des motivations scientifiques actuelles telles que la compréhension de la destruction de l'ozone polaire, l'évolution de notre climat, ou la recherche d'une vie en dehors de notre planète. C'est pourtant également une motivation qui permet d'être simultanément sur plusieurs sujets brûlants du moment. Ainsi, mon travail passé, actuel et probablement futur sur les atmosphères et les climats de la Terre en particulier et en planétologie en général montrent bien le fil conducteur de mes recherches. La spectroscopie et la mod ́elisation radiative étaient mes outils qui jusqu'à présent marquaient les limites de ces recherches.

Published
2011

36. Accuracy assessment of water vapour measurements from in-situ and remote sensing techniques during the DEMEVAP 2011 campaign

Author

Bock, Olivier, Bosser, Pierre, David, Leslie, Thom, Christian, Pelon, Jacques, Hoareau, Christophe, Keckhut, Philippe, Sarkissian, Alain, Pazmino, Andrea, Goutail, Florence, Legain, Dominique, Tzanos, Diane, Bourcy, Thomas, Poujol, Guillaume, Tournois, Guy, LAboratoire de REcherche en Géodésie [Paris] (LAREG), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Laboratoire d'Opto-électronique et de Micro-Informatique (LOEMI), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), STRATO - LATMOS, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo-France [Paris], Météo France, Direction des Systèmes d'Observation [Toulouse] (DSO), Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille Provence (OAMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Météo-France

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology
Abstract

International audience; The Development of Methodologies for Water Vapour Measurement (DEMEVAP) project aims at assessing and improving humidity sounding techniques and establishing a reference system based on the combination of Raman lidars, ground-based sensors and GPS. Such a system may be used for climate monitoring, radiosonde bias detection and correction, satellite measurement calibration/validation, and mm-level geodetic positioning with Global Navigation Satellite Systems. A field experiment was conducted in September-October 2011 at Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP). Two Raman lidars (IGN mobile lidar and OHP NDACC lidar), a stellar spectrometer (SOPHIE), a differential absorption spectrometer (SAOZ), a sun photometer (AERONET), 5 GPS receivers and 4 types of radiosondes (Vaisala RS92, MODEM M2K2-DC and M10, and Meteolabor Snow-White) participated in the campaign. A total of 26 balloons with multiple radiosondes were flown during 16 clear nights. This paper presents preliminary findings from the analysis of all these datasets. Several classical Raman lidar calibration methods are evaluated which use either Vaisala RS92 measurements, point capacitive humidity measurements, or GPS integrated water vapour (IWV) measurements. A novel method proposed by Bosser et al. (2010) is also tested. It consists in calibrating the lidar measurements during the GPS data processing. The methods achieve a repeatability of 4-5 %. Changes in calibration factor of IGN Raman lidar are evidenced which are attributed to frequent optical re-alignments. When modelling and correcting the changes as a linear function of time, the precision of the calibration factors improves to 2-3 %. However, the variations in the calibration factor, and hence the absolute accuracy, between methods and types of reference data remain at the level of 7 %. The intercomparison of radiosonde measurements shows good agreement between RS92 and Snow-White measurements up to 12 km. An overall dry bias is found in the measurements from both MODEM radiosondes. Investigation of situations with low RH values (< 10 %RH) in the lower and middle troposphere reveals, on occasion, a lower RH detection limit in the Snow-White measurements compared to RS92 due to a saturation of the Peltier device. However, on other occasions, a dry bias is found in RS92, instead. On average, both RS92 and Snow-White measurements show a slight moist bias at night-time compared to GPS IWV, while the MODEM measurements show a large dry bias. The IWV measurements from SOPHIE (night-time) and SAOZ (daytime) spectrometers, AERONET photometer (daytime) and calibrated Raman lidar (night-time) showed excellent agreement with the GPS IWV measurements.

Published
2014

37. Ground-based measurements of the solar diameter during the rising phase of solar cycle 24

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, Corbard, T., Irbah, Abdanour, Ikhlef, R., Morand, F., Renaud, Cédric, Hauchecorne, Alain, Assus, P., Borgnino, J., Chauvineau, B., Crepel, Mickael, Dalaudier, Francis, Damé, Luc, Djafer, Djelloul, Fodil, M., Lesueur, Patrick, Poiet, Germain, Rouzé, M., Sarkissian, Alain, Ziad, A., Laclare, F., STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), HELIOS - LATMOS, Unité de Recherche Appliquée en Energies Renouvelables (URAER), Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique [Algérie] (MESRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Physics::Space Physics, Solar activity, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrometry, Solar diameter, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR]
Abstract

International audience; For the past thirty years, modern ground-based time-series of the solar radius have shown different apparent variations according to different instruments. The origins of these variations may result from the observer, the instrument, the atmosphere, or the Sun. Solar radius measurements have been made for a very long time and in different ways. Yet we see inconsistencies in the measurements. Numerous studies of solar radius variation appear in the literature, but with conflicting results. These measurement differences are certainly related to instrumental effects or atmospheric effects. Use of different methods (determination of the solar radius), instruments, and effects of Earth's atmosphere could explain the lack of consistency on the past measurements. A survey of the solar radius has been initiated in 1975 by Francis Laclare, at the Calern site of the Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA). Several efforts are currently made from space missions to obtain accurate solar astrometric measurements, for example, to probe the long-term variations of solar radius, their link with solar irradiance variations, and their influence on the Earth climate. Aims. The Picard program includes a ground-based observatory consisting of different instruments based at the Calern site (OCA, France). This set of instruments has been named "Picard Sol" and consists of a Ritchey-Chrétien telescope providing full-disk images of the Sun in five narrow-wavelength bandpasses (centered on 393.37, 535.7, 607.1, 782.2, and 1025.0 nm), a Sun-photometer that measures the properties of atmospheric aerosol, a pyranometer for estimating a global sky-quality index, a wide-field camera that detects the location of clouds, and a generalized daytime seeing monitor allowing us to measure the spatio-temporal parameters of the local turbulence. Picard Sol is meant to perpetuate valuable historical series of the solar radius and to initiate new time-series, in particular during solar cycle 24. Methods. We defined the solar radius by the inflection-point position of the solar-limb profiles taken at different angular positions of the image. Our results were corrected for the effects of refraction and turbulence by numerical methods. Results. From a dataset of more than 20 000 observations carried out between 2011 and 2013, we find a solar radius of 959.78 ± 0.19 arcsec (696 113 ± 138 km) at 535.7 nm after making all necessary corrections. For the other wavelengths in the solar continuum, we derive very similar results. The solar radius observed with the Solar Diameter Imager and Surface Mapper II during the period 2011-2013 shows variations shorter than 50 milli-arcsec that are out of phase with solar activity.

Published
2014

38. SERB, a nano-satellite dedicated to the Earth-Sun relationship

Author

Meftah, Mustapha, additional, Bamas, Étienne, additional, Cambournac, Pierre, additional, Cherabier, Philippe, additional, Demarets, Romain, additional, Denis, Gaspard, additional, Dion, Axel, additional, Duroselle, Raphaël, additional, Duveiller, Florence, additional, Eichner, Laetitia, additional, Lozeve, Dimitri, additional, Mestdagh, Guillaume, additional, Ogier, Antoine, additional, Oliverio, Romane, additional, Receveur, Thibault, additional, Souchet, Camille, additional, Gilbert, Pierre, additional, Poiet, Germain, additional, Hauchecorne, Alain, additional, Keckhut, Philippe, additional, and Sarkissian, Alain, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
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39. Mars clouds simulation for the optical depth sensor (ODS)

Author

Toledo, Daniel, Rannou, Pascal, Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Sarkissian, Alain, Foujols, Thomas, Groupe de spectrométrie moléculaire et atmosphérique (GSMA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.EP] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Physics::Space Physics, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

A small and sophisticated optical depth sensor (ODS) has been selected in the payload of the atmospheric package DREAMS onboard the MARS 2016 mission. ODS was built to carry out the opacity due to the Martian dust and to characterize the high altitude clouds at twilight on Mars. Dust and clouds are primary elements for studying the interactions of solar radiation with the Mars atmosphere and surface and their influence on the radiation balance. In addition, dust lifted by storms are the unique condensation nuclei available at the Mars atmosphere. Therefore a capability of modeling the dust and clouds is vital for understanding of meteorology and climate on Mars. For the clouds detection, the index colour (CI) is used, defined as the ratio between the scattered light at red and blue wavelengths. If a cloud is present during twilight, then a peak must be observed in the CI. The opacity due to the Martian dust can be detected by comparing the sunlight scattered at zenith and direct sunlight. In order to retrieve the dust and cloud properties, a radiative transfer three- dimensional model in spherical geometry must be used. In this presentation, we will show the principle of the instrument, we will describe the procedure which is used in order to retrieve the dust and cloud physical properties and we will finally present some results of field campaigns made in terrestrial environment.

Published
2013

40. Remote sensing of water vapour from the synergy of Raman lidar, GPS and in-situ observations during the DEMEVAP 2011 campaign

Author

Bock, Olivier, David, Leslie, Bosser, Pierre, Thom, Christian, Pelon, Jacques, Keckhut, Philippe, Sarkissian, Alain, Bourcy, Thomas, Tzanos, Diane, Tournois, Guy, LAboratoire de REcherche en Géodésie [Paris] (LAREG), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Laboratoire d'Opto-électronique et de Micro-Informatique (LOEMI), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, Météo-France [Paris], Météo France, Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille Provence (OAMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Météo-France, and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

The DEMEVAP (DEvelopment of MEthods for remote sensing of water VAPor) project aims at developing improved reference humidity sounding methods based on the combined used of scanning Raman lidars, groundbased sensors and GPS. The goal is to achieve absolute accuracy better than 3% on the column integrated water vapour (IWV). An intensive observing period was conducted in September-October 2011 at Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP), France, with the aim of intercomparing several different techniques and instruments. It involved two Raman lidars, four radiosonde measurement systems, five GPS stations, a stellar spectrometer, and several ground-based capacitive and dew-point sensors. Observations were collected over 17 nights during which 26 balloons were released which carried a total of 79 radiosondes. Most of the balloons carried 3 or 4 different sonde types simultaneously (Vaisala RS92, MODEM M2K2-DC and M10, and Meteolabor Snow-White). The comparison of IWV measurements from the four radiosonde types to GPS reveals biases of -11% to +7%. Comparison of water vapour profiles from the radiosondes to the IGN scanning Raman lidar profiles reveals mostly dry and wet biases in the radiosondes data in dry layers in the middle and upper troposphere. Several Raman lidar calibration methods are evaluated which adjust the lidar measurements either on ground-based capacitive or dew-point sensors measurements, on radiosonde data or on GPS PWV data. Another method adjusts the lidar calibration constant as an extra parameter during GPS processing. All these methods show a good degree of consistency and yield a repeatability of 2 to 5% during the first 3-week period of the experiment. A drift in the calibration constant is observed throughout the full time of the experiment which is partly explained by a temperature-dependent bias in the lidar measurements induced by the progressive cooling of the atmosphere. Modelling and correcting this effect or modifying the Raman lidar detection system should allow achieving a 3% level of accuracy into the long term and make the Raman lidar technique suitable to detect biases or to calibrate data from other techniques (e.g., radiosondes, visible spectrometers and microwave radiometers).

Published
2013

41. Total columns of H2O measured from the ground and from space at Observatoire de Haute-Provence in France (44° N)

Author

Alkasm, Sulaf, Sarkissian, Alain, Keckhut, Philippe, Pazmino, Andrea, Goutail, Florence, Pinharanda, Manuel, Noël, S., STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Fernerkundung [Bremen] (IFE), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen-Universität Bremen, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Institut des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

In this work, we compare vertical column density of water vapour measured at Observatoire de Haute-Provence, Southern France (5° 42' E, +43° 55' N). Data were obtained by three satellite sensors, GOME, GOME 2 and SCIAMACHY, and by two ground-based spectrometers, Elodie and SAOZ. These five instruments are able to measure total column density of water vapour in the visible and have different principles of observation. All these instruments reproduce the total column water vapour with good accuracy. The mean difference between the satellite measurements, ground-based measurements, and between both types, are quantified. The diurnal cycle of water vapour above the station and its variability with latitude have been investigated. The differences between these data sets are due sometimes to the differences in the time of the measurements, or to the differences in the geometry of observations, or also due to both effects. The effect of land and sea and the effect of the season on the total column water vapour has been analysed. The global agreement between our data sets range from 10% in summer to 25% in winter, improved significantly when observations are closer in time and location.

Published
2013

42. Comparison of H2O total column measurements during the DEMEVAP 2011 campaign

Author

Sarkissian, Alain, Alkasm, Sulaf, Bock, Olivier, Keckhut, Philippe, Pazmino, Andrea, Goutail, Florence, Bekki, Slimane, Noel, Stephan, Cardon, Catherine, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAboratoire de REcherche en Géodésie [Paris] (LAREG), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), and Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

Atmospheric water vapour has a very important effect on the climate and the weather. Instruments developed last decades are providing total columns with a very good accuracy, usually of the order of less than 10% of relative value, but inter comparison between results has not been fully explored because of the diversity of the origin of the instruments (from astronomy to meteorology) and therefore, because of the diversity of scientific teams: tropospheric water vapour experts at "Meteo France", measurements of stratospheric minor constituents like ozone by UV visible spectrometry, astronomers, etc.... At Observatoire de Haute Provence, many instruments are able to measure atmospheric water vapour, total columns and/or vertical profiles as well as rain and clouds. A dedicated campaign DEMEVAP (DEvelopment of MEthods for remote sensing of water VAPor) has been organized at Observatoire de Haute Provence, South of France, in Octobre 2011 to compare and validate results of measurements. Ground based observations were compared to satellite observations and to meteorological analysis integrated amounts. Data from Sophie, the very high resolution spectrometer on the astronomical telescope of 1.96 cm; Schiamachy, GPS and SAOZ instruments as well as NCEP and ECMWF analysis are compared. This paper presents the instruments, followed by results as the agreement between instruments, discussion as the sources of differences, and the conclusion.

Published
2013

43. Data series of total columns of H2O measured from the ground and from space at Observatoire de Haute-Provence in France (44° N)

Author

Alkasm, Sulaf, Sarkissian, Alain, Keckhut, Philippe, Pazmino, Andrea, Goutail, Florence, Noel, Stephan, Cardon, Catherine, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAboratoire de REcherche en Géodésie [Paris] (LAREG), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), and Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

Water vapour is an atmospheric constituent having a determinant effect on the climate and on the weather. It presents the two third of the greenhouse gases, and is mostly located in the troposphere. It is the key element of the hydrological cycle, conditioned by exchanges between its three phases in the atmosphere, the ocean and the continents, and also directed by the transport of energy between the surface and the atmosphere, by evaporation and condensation. However, because of its large temporal and spatial variability, the measure of this component is a demanding task. For this reason, many different techniques have been developed to estimate water vapour in the atmosphere. Also, the accuracy of the measurements changes from one instrument to another as the mode of observation, the period of observation, the condition of measurement, and the retrieval method are different between them. Note that these instruments were not specialised initially to water vapour measurements and the extraction of H2O was not the principle objective. This paper compares measurements of total vertical column density (VCD) of water vapour, i.e. the amount of water vapour in a vertical atmospheric column, obtained above Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), south of France (5°42'E, +43°55'N) from five different instruments. This work compares results from two ground based and three satellite instruments: the SAOZ (système d'analyse par observation zénithale) an automated UV-VIS spectrometer; Elodie, a cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph and its 1.92 m telescope; SCIAMACHY, a scanning imaging absorption spectrometer for atmospheric cartography; GOME, a nadir scanning ultraviolet and visible spectrometer for global monitoring of atmospheric ozone; and GOME2, a second generation of GOME.

Published
2013

44. Accuracy of Water Vapor Observations from in-situ and Remote Sensing Techniques: First Results from the DEMEVAP 2011 Campaign

Author

Bock, Olivier, Pipis, K., Bosser, P., Thom, C., Pelon, Jacques, Keckhut, Philippe, Hoareau, Christophe, Sarkissian, Alain, Bourcy, T., Poujol, G., Tzanos, D., Tournois, G., LAboratoire de REcherche en Géodésie [Paris] (LAREG), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Laboratoire d'Opto-électronique et de Micro-Informatique (LOEMI), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, Direction des Systèmes d'Observation [Toulouse] (DSO), Météo-France, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille Provence (OAMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Météo France, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology
Abstract

International audience; The accuracy of water vapour observations from four different operational radiosonde types (Vaisala RS92, MODEM M2K2-DC and M10, and Meteolabor Snow- White) flows simultaneously on the same ballon are intercompared and compared to GPS and Raman lidar measurements during the DEMEVAP 2011 experiment. The RS92 and Snow-White sondes show a slight moist bias at night-time compared to GPS, while the MODEM sondes show a dry bias. The IGNLATMOS Raman lidar water vapour measurements are well consistent with RS92. Raman lidar calibration factors determined from RS92 and capacitive humidity sensors achieve stabilities of 2% and 3-5% respectively. They detect a change in the lidar calibration during the experiment which is not explained yet.

Published
2012

45. The Virtual Observatory in planetology, two scientific use cases: Asteroids and exoplanets

Author

Sarkissian, Alain, Arzoumanian, Emmanuel, Mickaelian, Areg, Berthier, Jerome, Thuillot, William, Vachier, Frédéric, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), V.A. Ambartsumian Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), A.M. Mickaelian, O.Yu. Malkov, N.N. Samus, Cardon, Catherine, A.M. Mickaelian, O.Yu. Malkov, N.N. Samus, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
asteroids, [SDU.ASTR.IM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], exoplanets, Virtual Observatories, [PHYS.ASTR.IM] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; Searching with a "naked eye" in a planetary data archive takes a considerable time. This work must be done in an automatic way. However, the planetary data archive is subject to a constant change (new elements, new version of analysis, new parameters). Furthermore, there are several archives for a same object, thus, obtaining reliable information requires a sequential search of several different archives. Workflows developed in the frame of the virtual observatories (VO), can use all collections of integrated astronomical data archives and software tools that utilize computer networks to create an environment in which research can be conducted. Several countries have initiated national virtual observatory programs that combine existing databases from ground-based and orbiting observatories and make them easily accessible to researchers. As a result, data from all the world's major observatories will be available to all users and to the public. This is significant not only because of the immense volume of astronomical data but also because the data on stars and galaxies has been compiled from observations in a variety of wavelengths - optical, radio, infrared, gamma ray, X-ray and more. In a virtual observatory environment, all of this data is integrated so that it can be synthesized and used in a given study. In this paper, we show how to develop a workflow using a selection of the virtual observatory tools in the case of two hot topics: asteroids and exopanets (51 Peg b).

Published
2011

46. Comparison between long term H2O ground-based and satellite measurements at NDACC station Observatoire de Haute-Provence in France

Author

Alkasm, Sulaf, Sarkissian, Alain, Keckhut, Philippe, Pazmino, Andrea, Goutail, Florence, Pinharanda, Manuel, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Published
2011

47. VO-Paris Data Centre (VO-PDC)

Author

Le Petit, F., Aboudarham, J., Thuillot, W., Le Sidaner, Pierre, Alimi, J.-M., Désert, J.-M., Barache, C., Berthier, J., Boisson, C., Bouquillon, S., Combes, F., Delahaye, F., Deleflie, F., Di Matteo, P., Domisse, L., Dubernet, M.-L., Erard, S., Gambis, D., Guibert, J., Haigron, R., Hennebelle, P., Jégouzo, I., Henry, F., Heydari-Malayeri, M., Languignon, D., Lambert, S., Mamon, G., Normand, J., Martin, J.-M., Moreau, N., Pérault, M., Rasera, Y., Roueff, E., Roy, F., Royer, F., Sahal-Bréchot, S., Sarkissian, Alain, Sartoretti, P., Schneider, Jodi, Tajhamady, F., Zolotukhin, I., Zwolf, C.-M., Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; VO-Paris Data Centre (VO-PDC) is a new data centre that gathers ten laboratories in Paris area (GEPI, IAP, IMCCE, LATMOS, LERMA, LESIA, LPMAA, LUTH, SYRTE, USN). It is specialized in the development of Virtual Observatory services. The objective of this federation is to build a sustainable infrastructure to offer high quality diffusion services to the community. It gives also the opportunity to promote exchanges and to share expertise on the development of VO services between scientists and computer engineers. VO-PDC is a multidisciplinary data center. Its main axes are atomic and molecular physics, VO-Theory, planetology and solar physics. It also develops several services concerning the diffusion of traditional astronomical data, catalogues, as well as geodesy services.

Published
2011

48. Search for HDO in the astronomical spectroscopic archives of the Observatoire de Haute-Provence

Author

Sarkissian, Alain, Martic, Milena, Alkasm, Sulaf, Hoareau, Christophe, Keckhut, Philippe, Hauchecorne, Alain, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; Astronomical spectroscopic archives of Observatoire de Haute Provence is a database of high-resolution spectra of astronomical objects (spectral domain: 385 nm to 680 nm; sampling 0.005 nm; resolution: 0.0065 nm) obtained with the Elodie spectrograph on a 193-cm diameter telescope at Observatoire de Haute Provence (5 ° 42' E, +43° 55' N, altitude 681 m). Note that Sophie spectrograph replaced the Elodie Spectrograph in July 2005 and the Sophie archive is also open to the community. More than 20 000 spectra of stars and other astrophysical objects are available in these archives accessible using an online web service or php protocol. This database is updated regularly, when spectra with restricted access are opened to the community, or after updating the pipeline of the processing. Our spectral analysis to retrieve H2O is composed of cyclic procedures, varying spectral resolution of water vapor cross-section, spectral shift of water vapor cross-section and the total column of water vapor molecules per surface area in line-of-sight for each individual spectra. Seasonal variability of water vapor as well as a preliminary study of its trend above the observatory is possible because of the high quality of the available data. Astronomy can provide valuable past and present observations useful for atmospheric science, and this should be explored further. We are exploring here the possibility to retrieve HDO using similaire technique and extending it to differential methods. Results of our study will be presented here.

Published
2010

49. Water vapor total column measurements using astronomical spectroscopic archives at Observatoire de haute-Provence

Author

Alkasm, Sulaf, Sarkissian, Alain, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; Water vapor total column measurements at Observatoire de Haute Provence (5° E, +43° 55' N), south of France, were obtained using observations of astronomical objects made between July 1994 and December 2004 on the 193-cm telescope with the high-resolution spectrometer Elodie. Spectra of stars, nebulae, and other astronomical objects were taken regularly during 10 years. More than 18 000 spectra from 400 nm to 680 nm are available on-line in the Elodie Archive. This archive, usually explored by astronomers, contains information to study the atmosphere of the Earth. Water vapor absorption lines appear in the visible in delimited bands that astronomers often avoid for their spectral analysis. We used the Elodie Archive with two objectives: firstly, to retrieve seasonal variability and long-term trend of atmospheric water vapor, and secondly, to remove signatures in spectra for further astronomical or geophysical use. We will present recent progresses in our spectral analysis and the effect on retrieved water vapor amount. Retrieval of other atmospheric parameters like atmospheric temperature and refractive index will be discussed.

Published
2010

50. Recovery of asteroids in the Digitized First Byurakan survey

Author

Berthier, Jerôme, Sarkissian, Alain, Mickaelian, Areg M., Thuillot, William, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Not Available

Published
2009

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