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Several reports have proposed that the viral load of torque teno virus (TTV) in plasma is a biomarker of immune function in solid organ transplantation (SOT) and in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Additionally, for the latter one, TTV-DNA quantification in saliva has also been suggested. to investigate the correlation between the TTV viral load and immune function in paired saliva and plasma samples in patients on kidney transplantation. TTV-DNA viral load was quantified in paired samples of saliva and plasma from 71 patients before and a short-time after renal-transplantation by real-time PCR. The data obtained from 213 paired samples showed a slight consistency in the comparison between saliva and plasma, with prevalence of TTV-DNA being 58%, 52% and 60% in saliva samples and 60%, 73% and 90% in plasma samples before and at 15–20 and 45–60 days after transplantation, respectively. Additionally, a high TTV viral load was observed in plasma at 15–20 and 45–60 days after transplantation compared to that observed in saliva at the same time. Overall, monitoring TTV-DNA in saliva samples could be an additional fast non-invasive option to assess the immune functionality in SOT populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Several reports have proposed that the viral load of torque teno virus (TTV) in plasma is a biomarker of immune function in solid organ transplantation (SOT) and in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Additionally, for the latter one, TTVDNA quantification in saliva has also been suggested. Aim: to investigate the correlation between the TTV viral load and immune function in paired saliva and plasma samples in patients on kidney transplantation. Materials and Methods: TTV-DNA viral load was quantified in paired samples of saliva and plasma from 71 patients before and a short-time after renal-transplantation by real-time PCR. Results: The data obtained from 213 paired samples showed a slight consistency in the comparison between saliva and plasma, with prevalence of TTV-DNA being 58%, 52% and 60% in saliva samples and 60%, 73% and 90% in plasma samples before and at 15-20 and 45-60 days after transplantation, respectively. Additionally, a high TTV viral load was observed in plasma at 15-20 and 45-60 days after transplantation compared to that observed in saliva at the same time. Conclusions: Overall, monitoring TTV-DNA in saliva samples could be an additional fast noninvasive option to assess the immune functionality in SOT populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the oral shedding of herpesviruses in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and correlate it with oral mucositis (OM). Methods: Saliva samples were collected before the HSCT and on day D + 8. Multiplex Polymerse Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to detect herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐1 and HSV‐2, Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Variella‐zoster virus (VZV), and human herpesvirus (HHV)‐6, HHV‐7, and HHV‐8. OM was assessed according to WHO criteria. Results: Thirty one patients were enrolled, in which 20 of 31 (64.5%) were males; median age was 50 (21–70) years; 16 of 31 (51.6%) underwent allo‐HSCT; and 15 of 31 (48.4%) underwent auto‐HSCT. On D + 8, OM grades III and IV were observed in 8 of 31 (25.8%) patients. In the first salivary collection, EBV was found in 24 of 31 (77.4%), followed by HHV‐6 (7/31, 22.6%) and HHV‐7 (8/31 25.8%). In the second collection, EBV was found in 24 of 27(89%), followed by HSV‐1 (8/27, 30%) and CMV, HHV‐6, and HHV‐7 (5/27, 18.5%, each one). On D + 8, OM grades II and IV were associated with the presence of HSV‐1. HSV‐1 was also associated with worsening degrees of OM on D + 15. Conclusion: The presence of HSV‐1 and CMV in oral samples was more frequent on day D + 8 after HSCT. HSV‐1 detection was associated with severity and worsening of OM. HSV‐1 and CMV seem to be associated with oral dysbiosis due to HSCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the role of human saliva as a COVID-19 virus diagnostic tool in paediatric patients, and it mentions saliva analysis in the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the Brazilian city of Araraquara, São Paulo. Total RNA extraction is assessed, along with symptoms such as sore throat, cough, and fever in children. According to the article, saliva collection is a less invasive strategy for COVID-19 virus surveillance.

Aims: To assess and compare radiographically the alveolar bone after tooth extractions in individuals with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis (CKFh), those submitted to kidney transplantation (KT), and those without kidney disease (CG) by using fractal analysis (FA) and pixel intensity (PI)., Methods and Results: Periapical radiographs of 48 CKFh individuals (87 extracted teeth), 12 KT individuals (26 extracted teeth and 29 control individuals [76 extracted teeth] were analyzed at 7 and 60 days after tooth extraction. Fractal dimension (FD) and PI were assessed to evaluate the alveolar trabecular bone structural complexity and mineral content. The difference in FD values between the 7th and 60th postoperative days in KT individuals (0.03 ± 0.08) was significantly lower compared to those of CKFh individuals (0.09 ± 0.10) and controls (0.15 ± 0.06). As for the difference in PI values, KT (4.55 ± 10.24) and CKFh groups (9.88 ± 15.90) showed significantly lower values compared to those of the control group (17.93 ± 11.86) in the same period. These results indicate a lower gain in the trabecular bone complexity and bone density in the alveolus of KT individuals compared to the other groups., Conclusions: Overall mineral content and thickness of the bone in the plane of the x-ray beam were lower in KT and CKFh individuals compared to controls, reflecting the need for careful consideration in recommending rehabilitation with dental implants for these patients. Particular attention should be given to the potential challenges in oral rehabilitation of KT patients., (© 2024 Special Care Dentistry Association and Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

This study aimed to investigate the presence of BRAF V600E mutation in mandibular ameloblastoma by comparing the results of molecular detection and immunohistochemical analysis. A 128 cases of mandibular ameloblastoma and 30 cases of dentigerous cyst (control group) were selected for analysis. Detection of BRAF V600E mutation was performed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction techniques. Clinico-pathologic data were collected in order to investigate possible associations with the mutation. Of the 128 cases submitted to IHC, 81.2% (108 cases) showed positivity for anti-BRAF V600E antibody, whereas 24 were negative (18.8%). Molecular analysis of the BRAF V600E mutation by polymerase chain reaction was possible in 116 cases due to DNA quality. Of these cases, 96 were positive (82.8%) and 20 negative (17.2%). All cases of dentigerous cyst were negative for BRAF V600E mutation in both techniques. Considering the sequencing as a gold standard method, the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed sensitivity of 0.99 and specificity of 1 (area under the curve=0.995, standard error=0.006; P<0.001; 95% confidence interval=0.983 to 1). We also tested the agreement between the techniques by using the Cohen's κ coefficient, with κ being 0.97 (P<0.001). IHC is a reliable test for identifying the BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas, presenting advantages such as being more frequently used in surgical pathology laboratories and requiring fewer critical steps for paraffin-embedded tissue compared with molecular biology techniques., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)