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Based on the application, there are number of different nozzle design approaches for a ejector system are available. Out of which, Converging-Diverging (CD) nozzle is widely used nozzle in rocket engine's ejector systems. This project mainly focuses on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of a CD nozzle for the data (mainly pressure and temperature) which is obtained from ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), using ANSYS- FLUENT software. Based on the analysis, the flow rate and other significant parameters are studied and compared with other conventional types of nozzles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an attempt has been made to use the double-acting reciprocating hydraulic pump to get increased water supply. For water supply output a mathematical calculation has been done. Dual side double-acting reciprocating water pump setup using the scotch yoke mechanism consists of two reciprocating pumps in which a plunger is provided for the pumping action. Here a cam plate is used to guide the plunger to move in a reciprocating motion and a specified motor is separately operated to run the cam plate. Due to this motion of the plunger, high pressure is attained inside the pump, and water is pumped out. Here, the reciprocating motion of the plunger is the key function for the operation of the pump and as a result of this repeated action, thrust is developed inside the pump. Due to this thrust, the delivery of the water from the cylinder is carried out. The delivery action takes place by the movement of the plunger as the flow of water is constant. So the water delivered will be at high pressure. With our setup, this happens to both the pumps simultaneously. Hence we achieve double the discharge rate of water with a single input from the motor. This setup can be applied to various applications in agriculture, domestic use, and industrial purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is experimentally testing a combination of thermal conductivity and viscosity characteristics to achieve optimal heat transfer utilizing Silicon Carbide (SiC) Therminol 55 as Nanofluid. Recent experiments have shown that Nano-fluids have outstanding properties that render them efficient in many thermal transmission applications in comparison to basic fluids. SiC-Therminol 55 Nano-fluid is synthesized at varying amounts (0.1 per cent to 0.3 per cent) by the production of SiC Nano-Particles of length (80 nm) in therminol 55. Temperature and viscosity were calculated using kd2 Analyzer and Fenske Viscometer at a temperature range. The experimental effect, demonstrated by the highest thermal conductivity, raises volume concentration and decre ases viscosity. At the end of the process, theoretical models are developed for the analysis of the propensity of the Nanofluid to well-established H-C models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the solar still with a novel stepped cup design has been proposed and constructed to desalinate industrial waste liquids. Leather industrial waste and plastic industrial waste liquids are the two industrial waste liquids taken for desalination. The daily productivity of the stepped cup solar still is compared with that of the single slope solar still. Further, thermal storage materials viz., paraffin wax and red brick are incorporated separately in the single slope and stepped cup solar stills and the variation in the productivity is observed. The daily productivity of the stepped cup solar still is higher compared to that of single slope solar still. The stepped cup solar still incorporated with red brick produces the highest amount of distillate when leather industrial waste liquid is desalinated. The experimental results are then analysed using Taguchi method to find suitable parameters for the highest desalination productivity. The economic analysis is done and the payback period is estimated. The two industrial waste liquids and their distillate are tested in the laboratory to find out their chemical composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminium is a soft, silvery-white material which belongs to the boron group in the periodic table. Aluminium and its alloys are lightweight and are capable of providing solutions to optimize strength-weight ratio in automobiles but it cannot be used for high wear applications. So aluminium alloy is combined with high wear resistant alumina ceramic to make it usable n high wear application such as brakes. Due to passivation aluminium has the ability to resist corrosion. Alumina ceramic is a non-metal with good wear resistance. Aluminium can be coated with ceramic by various processes through adhesives, brazing & thermal plasma spraying, etc. Aluminium can also be joined with alumina ceramic by using an epoxy resin which is used to join metals and non-metals. Once the aluminium is coated with ceramic by epoxy resin, Tribological test and EDX analysis were carried out on the material for studying. Comparable mechanical and tribological properties can be achieved on thematerial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drying of agricultural, food and other products is a valuable process used to increase the usefulness of the product during the non-seasonal periods. The need for agricultural and food products is always increasing because of the increase in population. Hence meeting the need in food requirement is a threat and it can be achieved by increasing the cultivation and also by reducing the wastage of crop, fruits, grains, food products, etc. The wastage of products can be avoided by using preservation processes like conventional and hybrid drying technologies. Also optimizing these technologies is very much important to improve the quality of dried products in a lesser time and at lower costs. In this review, various types of drying methods, the technological improvements in this field and the research work performed using solar and other drying processes are presented. The review papers presented related to these research works is summarized. The modelling methods used to analyse and optimize the process parameters are presented. Thin layer modelling equations developed are tabulated and the analysis of drying kinetics and the effectiveness of these models for various products with different drying methods are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is about the vortex ring production and its visualization using laser-based techniques. The tracer used is produced from a smoke emitting incense material via burning. The flow field is illuminated by using a pointer laser to produce a light sheet for image recording. A digital camera is used to capture the images and the captured images are post-processed for further analysis. The flow field show the evolution of plume, ejection of vortex ring and finally the evolution of free vortex ring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significant feature of removal of moisture from food products is to prevent the growth of microorganisms and Bacteria. Drying is a process of removing the excess humidity from the vegetable. Solar or air drying are not feasible methods due to increase in relative humidity in specified regions. The portable method is the use of Dehydrator for the removal of water content from the food. In this present experimental investigation, the product to be dried was brought down to room temperature. In drying process the vegetable was dehumidified by the isothermal process. Specific sensors were used in the system to control the temperature for the vegetables and optimum temperature was provided to dry the product without burning the vegetable. Motors were used to move the device from one place to another and move the fruit to the heating element. The main advantage of the process is that it has lower power consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sheet metal cutting machine is the heart of small scale sheet metal industries. Basically the sheet metal cutting machine is hand operated one for medium and small scale industries. The objective is to design and development of automatic sheet metal cutting machine to reduce the manpower and cost. Automation in sheet metal cutting machine has been incorporated with the help of solenoid valve, control timing unit, proximity sensor and microcontroller. The pneumatic double acting cylinder is also incorporated in the sheet metal cutting machine, which helps to cut the sheet metal precisely. The piston is connected to the cutting tool which in its motion. It is used to cut the small size sheet metal. The machine is portable and can be transported anywhere easily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper primarily focuses on improving the efficiency of a helical spiral shaped turbine. The efficiency of the system proposed encompassed with helical spiral shaped turbine, is improved by heating the air that passes through the capsule containing the turbine. Further, the capsule is shaped like a nozzle in order to increase the pressure of the inlet air. By increasing the turbine inlet temperature, the overall efficiency of the turbine/system can be improved by a large margin. This heated air not only has improved efficiency benefits but also can have a greater benefit on the revenue of the manufacturers. The system proposed uses the ocean thermal, solar to preheat the inlet air. This is done to exploit the available energy from the ocean and solar to maximize the output. A new float which is part of the system has been designed in order to pressurize the air coming out from the solar collector using wave energy. This particular float has a dead weight that helps to provide more down force even during low waves. At the time of erratic wave conditions, the dead weight is forced to position itself to the mean position using an electro-magnet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. This research work deals with thermal barrier coating (TBC) on superelastic alloys. It is applied in gas turbine components such as blade, vanes, and integral wheels. The purpose of the coating focused on thermal insulation and oxidation resistance. In this experiment, IN738 is subjected to a coating process which is a widely used nickel-based superalloy. IN738 consists of chromium, carbon, cobalt, aluminum, titanium, and traces of molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, etc. Carbon, zirconium is in limited trace to improve the cast ability process. IN738 resulted in the finest mechanical properties after it is heat-treated. Thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, and specific heat of IN738 depend on the temperature effect. In this work, the comparison of two different substrates is made by conducting a hot corrosion test, microhardness test, microstructural study and erosion behavior. Two specimens are prepared IN738 with thermal barrier coating (TBC) and IN738 with thermal coating and based glass-ceramic bond coat as a topcoat with 25% CeO2 doped in it. The specimen with topcoat shows better results than the other regarding corrosion test, mechanical test, and microstructural study [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]