Bilbao I, Lladó L, Cachero A, Campos-Varela I, Colmenero J, Del Hoyo J, Fábrega García E, García-Pajares F, González Diéguez L, González Grande R, Guiberteau Sánchez A, Hernández Oliveros F, Herrero Santos JI, Lorente S, Martín Mateos R, Mesa López MJ, Montero Álvarez JL, Muñoz Codoceo C, Otero Ferreiro A, Otón Nieto E, Rodríguez Soler M, Romero Cristóbal M, Sastre Oliver L, Senosiain Labiano M, Sousa Martín JM, Trapero-Marugán M, Varo E, de la Rosa G, and Rodríguez-Perálvarez M
Spain is worldwide leader in deceased donation rates per million habitants and count on a strong network of twenty-five liver transplant institutions. Although the access to liver transplantation is higher than in other countries, approximately 10% of patients qualifying for liver transplantation in Spain will die in the waiting list or would be excluded due to clinical deterioration. A robust waiting list prioritization system is paramount to grant the sickest patients with the first positions in the waiting list for an earlier access to transplant. In addition, the allocation policy may not create or perpetuate inequities, particularly in a public and universal healthcare system. Hitherto, Spain lacks a unique national allocation system for elective liver transplantation. Most institutions establish their own rules for liver allocation and only two autonomous regions, namely Andalucía and Cataluña, share part of their waiting list within their territory to provide regional priority to patients requiring more urgent transplantation. This heterogeneity is further aggravated by the recently described sex-based disparities for accessing liver transplantation in Spain, and by the expansion of liver transplant indications, mainly for oncological indications, in absence of clear guidance on the optimal prioritization policy. The present document contains the recommendations from the first consensus of waiting list prioritization for liver transplantation issued by the Spanish Society of Liver Transplantation (SETH). The document was supported by all liver transplant institutions in Spain and by the Organización Nacional de Trasplantes (ONT). Its implementation will allow to homogenize practices and to improve equity and outcomes among patients with end-stage liver disease.