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The synthesis of conjugated mesoporous polymers at room temperature has always been challenging. Herein, for the first time, we have been successfully synthesized a conjugated mesoporous fluorescence polymer named TM–HB through the Schiff-base condensation of tris(4-aminophenyl)methane (TM) and 5-hydroxy-benzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde (HB) at room temperature. FT-IR, XPS and 13C CP/MAS NMR analysis in the solid state confirmed imine formation, and PXRD analysis proved its amorphous structure. It was found that TM–HB had mesopores with elevated thermal resistivity. TM–HB can qualitatively and quantitatively detect Ga3+ ions in acetonitrile via "turn-on" fluorescence change with high selectivity and sensitivity, accompanied with a significant fluorescence color change. Furthermore, selective changes in UV-vis absorbance spectra and solution color further confirmed that TM–HB can selectively interact with Ga3+ ions over other metal ions. The fluorescence intensity of TM–HB at 335 nm showed a linearity up to 320 μM with the lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 0.46 μM and a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.99122). The practicability of TM–HB in real life applications was proven by its good recovery in different water samples. DFT calculations helped elucidate complex formation while synergistic chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) explained the complexation mechanism. The synthesis of TM–HB at room temperature opens new pathways for temperature-sensitive organic moieties and may encourage researchers all over the world to recognize its potential applicability in protecting and safeguarding humanity and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cataract surgery has become one of the most common surgeries in the world with one in every four surgeries performed being a cataract extraction and the numbers are expected to increase by 16 percent in the USA alone by 2024 as compared to the current statistics. The aim of the study is to analyze the visual outcomes of intraocular lens implants for various visual ranges. Methods: This non-comparative interventional study was conducted at the Ophthalmology department of Al Ehsan Eye Hospital from Jan to Dec 2021. It included patients who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification with an intraocular lens implant and analysis of the visual outcomes for uncorrected distance (UDVA), uncorrected intermediate distance (UIVA), and uncorrected near distance (UNVA). Results: Independent sample t-test was applied to observe the mean values of recorded far vision on the 1stday, 1 week, and 1 month after the trifocal intraocular lens implantation. It showed a significant difference with a p-value of 0.00 on 1st day, 1 week, and 1 month after was 0.3±0.1, 0.17±0.09, and 0.14±0.08 respectively. Mean improvement in near vision after 1 month was N6 with S.D 1.03 and in intermediate vision was N8±1.4 respectively. Conclusion: Trifocal Intraocular lens implantation offers an improved vision for near, intermediate, and distant visual ranges without the need for correction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To find out the efficacy of oral Alprazolam and Mefenamic acid in relieving pain during pan retinal photocoagulation in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Al-Ehsan Eye Hospital, Lahore, from January 2018 to December 2018. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups; groups A received one tablet of Xanax (Alprazolam 0.5 mg) and 2 tablets of Ponston Forte (Mefenamic acid 500 mg) an hour before PRP. In group B no pain relieving medicines were prescribed. Proparacaine hydrochloride 0.5% eye drops were instilled in the eye to achieve corneal anesthesia before the procedure in both the groups. Pain was scored, 15 minutes after PRP, using standard verbal rating scale and results were analyzed. Paired sample t-test was used to measure the mean difference in pain between the two groups. A p value of less than 0.01% was considered significant. Results: Five hundred and sixty patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) requiring Pan Retinal Photocoagulation (PRP) were enrolled. There were 272 males and 288 females. Mean age of patients was 64.0 ± 6.8 years. Mean pain score for group A was 4.0 ± 0.6 and for group B was 2.1 ± 0.3. Difference in pain score felt by each group was -1.93 ± 0.7 with significant p value of ˂ 0.01%. Conclusion: Oral administration of Alprazolam and Mefenamic acid one hour before PRP in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy was effective in reducing pain and in attaining patient cooperation during the procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To study the effect of soft contact lens wear on tear film breakup time (TFBUT). Study Design: Descriptive Observational study. Place and Duration of Study: College of Ophthalmology and Allied Vision Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore from January to March 2016. Material and Methods: Students of King Edward Medical University Lahore wearing soft contact lens for more than 3 months with no known ocular pathology were selected by non-probability convenient sampling technique. Subjects with history of using any eye drops, history of oral drugs, which could cause dry eye and individuals any ocular disease, were excluded from the study. Tear film BUT was tested by using Fluorescein sodium dye and examinig under cobalt blue filter of slit lamp. SPSS version 20 is used to analyze the data. Results: There were 30 participants with mean age of 24.5 ± 5 years. All were females. Sixty percent were wearing corrective lenses, and 40% were wearing cosmetic lenses. Out of 30 patients wearing contact lenses, only 6.67% had marginal tear film BUT and none of the patients has shown dry eyes. Individuals using contact lenses for 9 – 12 years had decreased BUT as compared to subjects using lenses for 3 – 6 months. 33.33% of extended lens wearers had reduced BUT as compared to disposable and daily wearers of contact lenses. Discomfort with contact lenses was observed in only 4 patients. Conclusion: As the duration of contact lens wear increases, the tear film break-up time decreases. Individuals using extended wear contact lenses are more prone to develop decreased TFBUT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]