1. Collateral damage from oral ciprofloxacin versus nitrofurantoin in outpatients with urinary tract infections: a culture-free analysis of gut microbiota
- Author
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Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Saturn Wp, Wp Study Groups, Andrew J. Stewardson, Patrice Francois, Vladimir Lazarevic, Jacques Schrenzel, Cécile Delemont, Nadia Gaïa, B Martinez de Tejada, Stéphan Juergen Harbarth, Coenen, Samuel, and SATURN WP1 and WP3 Study Groups
- Subjects
Male ,Gut flora ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Feces ,Ciprofloxacin ,Antibiotics ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Outpatients ,Prospective Studies ,ddc:616 ,0303 health sciences ,ddc:618 ,biology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,3. Good health ,Infectious Diseases ,Nitrofurantoin ,Urinary Tract Infections ,Dialister ,Female ,Roseburia ,microbiomics ,medicine.drug ,Adult ,DNA, Bacterial ,ecologic damage ,Microbiology (medical) ,Firmicutes ,DNA, Ribosomal ,Microbiology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,microbiota ,medicine ,Humans ,Alistipes ,030304 developmental biology ,Bacteria ,030306 microbiology ,Ruminococcus ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Human medicine ,urinary tract infection - Abstract
Recent treatment guidelines for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) discourage fluoroquinolone prescription because of collateral damage to commensal microbiota, but the ecologic impact of alternative agents has not been evaluated by culture-free techniques. We prospectively collected faecal samples at three time points from ambulatory patients with UTIs treated with ciprofloxacin or nitrofurantoin, patients not requiring antibiotics and household contacts of ciprofloxacin-treated patients. We described changes in gut microbiota using a culture-independent approach based on pyrosequencing of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. All groups were similar at baseline. Ciprofloxacin had a significant global impact on the gut microbiota whereas nitrofurantoin did not. The end of ciprofloxacin treatment correlated with a reduced proportion of Bifidobacterium (Actinobacteria), Alistipes (Bacteroidetes) and four genera from the phylum Firmicutes (Faecalibacterium, Oscillospira, Ruminococcus and Dialister) and an increased relative abundance of Bacteroides (Bacteroidetes) and the Firmicutes genera Blautia, Eubacterium and Roseburia. Substantial recovery had occurred 4 weeks later. Nitrofurantoin treatment correlated with a reduced relative proportion of the genus Clostridium and an increased proportion of the genus Faecalibacterium. This study supports use of nitrofurantoin over fluoroquinolones for treatment of uncomplicated UTIs to minimize perturbation of intestinal microbiota.
- Published
- 2015
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