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Nowadays, the fault diagnosis in modern internal combustion engines is becoming increasingly important. The constant development of engines, particularly in terms of fuel efficiency, and more stringent regulations of exhaust emissions, are leading to more complex systems. This enormous increase in complexity restricts the efficiency of conventional diagnosis systems, such as the limit checking of sensors. This thesis deals with the development of a fuel diagnosis system for a heavy duty diesel engine using advanced signal model- and process model-based methods. The diagnosis system has been developed for serial operation, which results in various limitations. One of these limitations is the lack of integration of additional sensors to monitor intermediate states. Furthermore, the low pressure pump, as well as the rail pressure control operate in closed loop control to ensure best possible results for the controlled variable. However, closed loop controls compensate for minor faults. In this thesis, physical models for various components in the fuel system have been developed which form the basis for model-based development. These models are used for developing algorithms to monitor the low pressure and high pressure pump, fuel filters, various leakages and the rail flow valve. Additionally, the model-based parameters generated additional information to help characterize the faults during the fault diagnosis. For signal model-based development, the frequency components of the periodic rail pressure and exhaust pressure signals were analyzed in high resolution. With this it is possible to extract algorithms to monitor injector flow and compression losses in internal combustion cylinders. This signal model-based methods provide additional information not only during fault detection but also during fault diagnosis, which allows the exact location of the observed fault to be determined. Residuals have been created using the developed algorithms, which represent a deviation of

Within the scope of this technical report, the feasibility of indocyanine green (ICG) as a fluorescent agent for postmortem angiography of the heart is tested. The study included 4 deceased persons with no respective medical history of heart diseases. The basic patterns of findings in ICG fluorescence angiography associated with healthy hearts are presented. The method can easily be integrated into a workflow without restricting the macroscopic or histologic diagnostics. This paper represents the fundamental technical and analytical basis for upcoming studies concerning the possibilities and limitations of fluorescence angiography in the diagnosis of heart pathology.

Bacteriophages, the viruses infecting bacteria, hold great potential for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and other applications due to their unparalleled diversity and recent breakthroughs in their genetic engineering. However, fundamental knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying phage-host interactions is mostly confined to a few traditional model systems and did not keep pace with the recent massive expansion of the field. The true potential of molecular biology encoded by these viruses has therefore remained largely untapped, and phages for therapy or other applications are often still selected empirically. We therefore sought to promote a systematic exploration of phage-host interactions by composing a well-assorted library of 68 newly isolated phages infecting the model organism Escherichia coli that we share with the community as the BASEL (BActeriophage SElection for your Laboratory) collection. This collection is largely representative of natural E. coli phage diversity and was intensively characterized phenotypically and genomically alongside 10 well-studied traditional model phages. We experimentally determined essential host receptors of all phages, quantified their sensitivity to 11 defense systems across different layers of bacterial immunity, and matched these results to the phages' host range across a panel of pathogenic enterobacterial strains. Clear patterns in the distribution of phage phenotypes and genomic features highlighted systematic differences in the potency of different immunity systems and suggested the molecular basis of receptor specificity in several phage groups. Our results also indicate strong trade-offs between fitness traits like broad host recognition and resistance to bacterial immunity that might drive the divergent adaptation of different phage groups to specific ecological niches. We envision that the BASEL collection will inspire future work exploring the biology of bacteriophages and their

Mit der Einführung des Bundesteilhabegesetzes wird es neben den Werkstätten für Menschen mit Behinderung für sogenannte „andere Anbieter“ ermöglicht in der Sozialen Landwirtschaft Arbeitsplätze für Menschen mit Behinderung auf ihrem Betrieb anzubieten. Dadurch entsteht der Bedarf nach einer Qualitätssicherung. Während die Bedeutung und das Ausüben von Inklusion mehr und mehr verfeinert wird, gibt es nach wie vor Problemstellungen, welche Aufmerksamkeit benötigen. Die offizielle Zuständigkeit junge Menschen mit Benachteiligung und individuellen Beeinträchtigungen im Übergang von der Schule in den Beruf zu unterstützen und zu begleiten ist bisher nicht geregelt. Das Case-Management Konzept, welches im Rahmen des EU-Projekts PROFARM entwickelt und erprobt wurde, bietet an dieser Stelle eine individuelle und professionelle Entwicklungsbegleitung, um junge Menschen mit individuellen Beeinträchtigungen auf ihrem persönlichen sowie beruflichen Weg nach der Schule zu unterstützen.