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1. Impact of recent criteria changes for the deferral criteria specific to men who have sex with men in France.

Author

Sauvage, Claire, Laperche, S., Corominas, V., Stefic, K., Le Cam, S., Pouchol, É., Morel, P., Tiberghien, P., and Lot, F.

Subjects
*HEPATITIS C virus, *MEN who have sex with men, *HEPATITIS B virus, *HIV, *BLOOD donors
Abstract

Background and Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusion In 2016, France allowed men who have sex with men (MSM) to donate blood if they had not had sex with men in the previous 12 months. In April 2020, this restriction was relaxed to 4 months due to the lack of negative impact observed on blood safety. This study assesses the impact of reducing this deferral period on epidemiological surveillance indicators.This study compares infection surveillance indicators between two 30‐month periods before (P1) and after (P2) this second deferral change.Overall, 79 donations tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (49 in P1 and 30 in P2), 322 for hepatitis C virus (HCV) (185 and 137), 622 for hepatitis B virus (HBV) (355 and 267) and 1684 for syphilis (799 and 885). Positive donation rates decreased between P1 and P2, except for syphilis: HIV (0.07/10,000 donations vs. 0.04; p > 0.5), HCV (0.25 vs. 0.20; p < 0.05), HBV (0.49 vs. 0.39; p < 0.01) and syphilis (1.10 vs. 1.29; p < 0.001). For all three viruses, residual risks of transmission by transfusion did not increase: HIV (1/7,800,000 donations vs. 1/10,500,000), HCV (1/25,200,000 vs. 1/47,300,000) and HBV (1/6,400,000 vs. 1/6,000,000).Reducing the deferral period for MSM in April 2020 did not negatively impact residual risks, which remained very low, or the rate of positive donations, except for syphilis, which requires careful monitoring. To ensure equal access to blood donation, MSM have been allowed to donate blood under the same conditions as other donors since March 2022 (i.e., no more than one sexual partner in the last 4 months). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus incidence in blood donors from 2000 to 2020 in France: Trends and lessons from haemovigilance surveillance

Author

Laperche, Syria, primary, Sauvage, Claire, additional, Gallian, Pierre, additional, Jbilou, Saadia, additional, Pouchol, Elodie, additional, Py, Jean Yves, additional, Chabli, Lila, additional, Richard, Pascale, additional, Morel, Pascal, additional, Lot, Florence, additional, and Tiberghien, Pierre, additional

Published
2023
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8. Evolving deferral criteria for blood donation in France: Plasma donation by men who have sex with men

Author

Tiberghien, Pierre, primary, Lecam, Sophie, additional, Huet, Julie, additional, Malard, Lucile, additional, Tavenard, Tristan, additional, Pillonel, Josiane, additional, Sauvage, Claire, additional, Bocquet, Thibaut, additional, Bliem, Cathy, additional, Morel, Pascal, additional, Richard, Pascale, additional, and Laperche, Syria, additional

Published
2023
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11. L-05 VIH et don de sang : actualités

Author

Laperche, Syria, primary, Gallian, Pierre, additional, Sauvage, Claire, additional, Le Cam, Sophie, additional, Morel, Pascal, additional, Richard, Pascale, additional, and Pillonel, Josiane, additional

Published
2022
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16. Early assessment of diffusion and possible expansion of SARS-CoV-2 Lineage 20I/501Y.V1 (B.1.1.7, variant of concern 202012/01) in France, January to March 2021

Author

Gaymard, Alexandre, Bosetti, Paolo, Feri, Adeline, Destras, Gregory, Enouf, Vincent, Andronico, Alessio, Burrel, Sonia, Behillil, Sylvie, Sauvage, Claire, Bal, Antonin, Morfin, Florence, Van Der Werf, Sylvie, Josset, Laurence, Blanquart, François, Coignard, Bruno, Cauchemez, Simon, Lina, Bruno, Gault, Elyanne, Moreau, Frédérique, Brichler, Ségolène, Delagrèverie, Héloïse, Descamps, Diane, Charpentier, Charlotte, Rozenberg, Flore, L'Honneur, Anne-Sophie, Veyer, David, Bélec, Laurent, Fourati, Slim, Rodriguez, Christophe, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Fourgeaud, Jacques, Abid, Hanène, Roque-Afonso, Anne-Marie, Fenaux, Honorine, Jary, Aude, Marot, Stéphane, Salmona, Maud, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Morand-Joubert, Laurence, Schnuriger, Aurélie, Juillet, Stéphanie Marque, Bargain, Pauline, Poggi, Cécile, Chollet, Lionel, Guillaume, Clémence, Guinard, Jérôme, Vallet, Sophie, Pilorgé, Léa, Schvoerer, Evelyne, Hartard, Cédric, Castelain, Sandrine, François, Catherine, Ducancelle, Alexandra, Lefeuvre, Caroline, Lepiller, Quentin, Marty-Quinternet, Solène, Bellecave, Pantxika, Tumiotto, Camille, Dina, Julia, Le Gouil, Meriadeg, Henquell, Cécile, Mirand, Audrey, Césaire, Raymond, de Rougemont, Alexis, Auvray, Christelle, Larrat, Sylvie, Némoz, Benjamin, Tinez, Claire, Guigon, Aurélie, Hantz, Sébastien, Rogez, Sylvie, Dos Santos, Georges, Perez, Pascale, Jost, Christelle, Montes, Brigitte, Foulongne, Vincent, Imbert, Berthe-Marie, Bressollette, Céline, Giordanengo, Valérie, Gonfrier, Géraldine, Garcia, Magali, Lévêque, Nicolas, Brodard, Véronique, Moret, Hélène, Thibault, Vincent, Maillard, Anne, Jaffar-Bandjee, Marie-Christine, Gueudin, Marie, Plantier, Jean-Christophe, Pozzetto, Bruno, Pillet, Sylvie, Fafi-Kremer, Samira, Solis, Morgane, Izopet, Jacques, Trémeaux, Pauline, Stefic, Karl, Handala, Lynda, Billaud, Geneviève, Frobert, Emilie, Mérens, Audrey, Bigaillon, Christine, Desroches, Marine, Thepenier, Cédric, Janvier, Frédéric, Otto, Marie-Pierre, Roquebert, Bénédicte, Haïm-Boukobza, Stéphanie, Centre National de Référence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires (dont la Grippe) [Lyon] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Institut des Agents Infectieux [Lyon] (IAI), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Virpath-Grippe, de l'émergence au contrôle -- Virpath-Influenza, from emergence to control (Virpath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction des maladies infectieuses - Infectious Diseases Division [Saint-Maurice], Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294 (AGIR ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Amiens], CHU Amiens-Picardie, ANRS - Maladies infectieuses émergentes (ANRS - MIE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), We acknowledge financial support from Santé publique France (the French national public health agency), the French Ministry of health (Grant COVIDseq), the Consortium for the surveillance and research on emerging pathogens via microbial genomics (EMERGEN) coordinated by Santé publique France and ANRS Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes, the Investissement d’Avenir programme, the Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases programme (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and in-novation programme under grants 101003589 (RECOVER). This work has been supported by the laboratories belonging to the ColVHB network*., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 101003589, H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020,RECOVER(2020), Centre National de Référence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires (dont la Grippe) [Lyon] (CNR), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research - RECOVER - - H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-20202020-02-14 - 2022-02-13 - 101003589 - VALID, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)

Subjects
Author's Correction, Paris, medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Lineage (genetic), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Epidemiology, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), viral infections, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Context (language use), Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, medicine, Humans, MESH: COVID-19, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030304 developmental biology, COVID, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, SARS-CoV-2, MESH: Paris, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: France, 20I/501Y.V1, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, surveillance, France, mutation, Rapid Communication, Demography
Abstract

International audience; The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variant 20I/501Y.V1 (VOC-202012/1 or GR/501Y.V1) is concerning given its increased transmissibility. We reanalysed 11,916 PCR-positive tests (41% of all positive tests) performed on 7-8 January 2021 in France. The prevalence of 20I/501Y.V1 was 3.3% among positive tests nationwide and 6.9% in the Paris region. Analysing the recent rise in the prevalence of 20I/501Y.V1, we estimate that, in the French context, 20I/501Y.V1 is 52-69% more transmissible than the previously circulating lineages, depending on modelling assumptions.

Published
2021

20. The evolving blood donor deferral policy for men who have sex with men: impact on the risk of HIV transmission by transfusion in France

Author

Pillonel, Josiane, primary, Pelat, Camille, additional, Tiberghien, Pierre, additional, Sauvage, Claire, additional, Danic, Bruno, additional, Martinaud, Christophe, additional, Barin, Francis, additional, Sainte‐Marie, Isabelle, additional, Coignard, Bruno, additional, Gross, Sylvie, additional, Laperche, Syria, additional, and Lot, Florence, additional

Published
2020
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21. Screening for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection by Use of a Fourth-Generation Antigen/Antibody Assay and Dried Blood Spots: In-Depth Analysis of Sensitivity and Performance Assessment in a Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Stefic, Karl, primary, Guinard, Jerome, additional, Peytavin, Gilles, additional, Saboni, Leïla, additional, Sommen, Cécile, additional, Sauvage, Claire, additional, Lot, Florence, additional, Laperche, Syria, additional, Velter, Annie, additional, and Barin, Francis, additional

Published
2019
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22. Évolution des critères d’ajournement au don du sang pour les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes (HSH) en France : impact sur le risque résiduel VIH

Author

Pillonel, Josiane, primary, Pelat, Camille, additional, Sauvage, Claire, additional, Danic, Bruno, additional, Martinaud, Christophe, additional, Barin, Francis, additional, Sainte-Marie, Isabelle, additional, Coignard, Bruno, additional, Gross, Sylvie, additional, Tiberghien, Pierre, additional, Laperche, Syria, additional, and Lot, Florence, additional

Published
2019
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23. Étude Complidon : motifs du non-respect des critères de sélection des donneurs de sang en France

Author

Sauvage, Claire, primary, Charpentier, François, additional, Pelat, Camille, additional, Pouget, Thomas, additional, Spinardi, Roxane, additional, Laperche, Syria, additional, Woimant, Geneviève, additional, Gross, Sylvie, additional, Coignard, Bruno, additional, Danic, Bruno, additional, Lot, Florence, additional, and Pillonel, Josiane, additional

Published
2019
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26. Noncompliance with blood donor selection criteria - Complidon 2017, France.

Author

Sauvage, Claire, Spinardi, Roxane, Pelat, Camille, Pouget, Thomas, Danic, Bruno, Woimant, Geneviève, Lot, Florence, Gross, Sylvie, Laperche, Syria, Pillonel, Josiane, and Steering Committee

Subjects
*BLOOD donors, *MEDICAL personnel, *NONCOMPLIANCE, *BLOOD products, *COMPUTER surveys, *RESEARCH, *RESEARCH methodology, *EVALUATION research, *MEDICAL cooperation, *COMPARATIVE studies, *RESEARCH funding
Abstract

Background: Blood donor selection, consisting of a pre-donation questionnaire and interview, excludes potential donors who may be at risk of transfusion-transmissible infections. Assessing the reasons for noncompliance with blood donor selection criteria is important to maintain a high level of viral safety of blood products.Study Design and Methods: An anonymous French online survey of a sample of blood donors (Complidon) was conducted from September to December 2017. Data were poststratified to be representative of all donors who donated blood between July 2016 and December 2017.Results: Of 420,190 solicited donors, 108,386 completed the survey (26%). Overall, noncompliance was estimated at 5.6%. The least respected criteria regarded sex with more than one partner during the previous 4 months for donors (1.9%) and for donors' partners (1%), travel-related criteria (1.2%) and sex between men during the previous 12 months (0.73% of men). Reasons for noncompliance differed according to criteria. Donors who were non-compliant to sexuality-based criteria mainly said they did not want to be excluded or that the questions were too personal. Conversely, donors who were exclusively non-compliant to criteria other than sexuality-based criteria more often mentioned their non-compliance during the pre-donation interview but were nevertheless authorized to donate blood.Conclusion: Despite noncompliance to blood donor criteria being relatively low in France, it still represents a threat to blood safety. Accordingly, improved communication is important to ensure that donors fully understand each selection criterion and to emphasize to health professionals the importance of listening carefully without judging during pre-donation interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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27. Prévalence de l’antigène HBs dans deux populations exposées : les usagers de drogues (ANRS-Coquelicot 2011-2013) et les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes (Prevagay 2009) à Paris, France

Author

Sauvage, Claire, Xavier, Pascal, Weill-Barillet, L, Molinier, M, Pillonel, Josiane, Léon, Lucie, Barin, Francis, Chevaliez, Stephane, Jauffret-Roustide, Marie, Velter, Annie, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), CERMES3 - Centre de recherche Médecine, sciences, santé, santé mentale, société (CERMES3 - UMR 8211 / U988 / UM 7), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Morphogénèse et antigénicité du VIH et du virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH - U1259 Inserm - CHRU Tours ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), and ORANGE, Colette

Subjects
Men who have sex with men, Drug users, Prevalence, AgHBs, Usagers de drogues, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, HBs Ag, Hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes, Prévalence, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

The French Institute for Public Health Surveillance set up two communities based surveys which provide both Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The first one, the ANRS-Coquelicot survey, studied in 2011-2013 drug users (DUs) who attend specialized structures in health care and risk reduction. The second survey, Prevagay, concerned men who have sex with men (MSM) who attended Paris gay venues in 2009. Persons recruited for both surveys were invited to collect a fingerprick whole blood sample on filter paper, and to respond to a behavioral questionnaire. This questionnaire was anonymous and administered by interviewers for DUs, and self-completed for MSM. Blood samples were screened for the presence of HBs Ag using the Monolisa HBs Ag ULTRA (Biorad®) assay. Among the 647 DUs and the 876 MSM investigated in Paris and included in the analysis, 15 DUs and 12 MSM were diagnosed HBs Ag-positive, representing HBs Ag seroprevalence of 2.1% (IC95% [1.0-4.2]) and 1.4%,respectively. In these two specific populations, different in terms of socio-demographic profiles, and both at risk of HBV transmission, due to their drug use practices or their sexual behaviors, HBs Ag seroprevalence was closeto the one observed in the general population., L’Institut de veille sanitaire a mené deux études de séroprévalence de l’antigène HBs (AgHBs) en populations spécifiques. La première, l’enquête ANRS-Coquelicot, a étudié en 2011-2013 les usagers de drogue (UD) fréquentant les structures de prise en charge et de réduction des risques. La seconde, Prevagay, concernait les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes (HSH) fréquentant les lieux de convivialité gay parisiens en 2009. Les personnes recrutées pour ces deux études déposaient sur un papier buvard un échantillon de sang par auto-prélèvement capillaire au bout du doigt, puis répondaient à un questionnaire comportemental. Ce questionnaire était anonyme et passé en face-à face avec des enquêteurs pour les UD, et auto-administré pour les HSH. La recherche de l’AgHBs a été réalisée en laboratoire, à l’aide de la trousse Elisa Monolisa HBsAg ULTRA (Biorad®). Parmi les 647 hommes UD et les 876 HSH enquêtés à Paris et retenus pour l’analyse, 15 UD et 12 HSH étaient porteurs de l’AgHBs, soit des séroprévalences respectives de 2,1% (IC95% [1,0-4,2]) et 1,4%. Ces deux populations spécifiques, différentes en termes de profils sociodémographiques, toutes deux exposées aux risques de transmission du VHB de par leurs pratiques d’usage de drogues ou leurs pratiques sexuelles, avaient des séroprévalences de l’AgHBs proches de celle de la population générale.

Published
2015

29. Soil Construction: A Step for Ecological Reclamation of Derelict Lands.

Author

Sér&#x00E9, Geoffroy, Schwartz, Christophe, Ouvrard, Stephanie, Sauvage, Claire, Renat, Jean-Christophe, and Morel, Jean Louis

Subjects
WASTE lands, LAND use, RECLAMATION of land, MASS budget (Geophysics), GEOLOGICAL research
Abstract

Goal, Scope and Background. Efficient and environmentally friendly technologies for soil reclamation require efforts to develop innovative processes. Alternative technologies to drastic techniques (containment, total removal of soil) are receiving increasing interest. They are based either on the use of ameliorants (e.g. lime, fertilizer, organic mulch) and more recently on the spreading of organic wastes (e.g. compost, sewage sludge). This paper presents a new process of soil construction using wastes and industrial by-products which are formulated and stacked in layers to build a new soil profile over in situ degraded substrates. Work was conducted to assess the feasibility of the ecological reclamation, focusing on the major functions of constructed Technosols. Materials and Methods. Two large lysimetric plots (10 × 10 m) were built on a former coking plant, and two strategies of constructed soil profiles were compared: i) a control soil using thermally treated industrial soil available in situ, and ii) a constructed soil with a combination of thermally treated industrial soil mixed with exogenous materials such as green waste compost and paper mill sludge. Rainfall was measured periodically, drainage effluent was collected, and aliquots were sampled per plot. Plants were collected in 8 replicates for each plot. Results. Water balance data showed that about 10% of the rain water percolated through the constructed soil profiles. Drainage effluent contained a low concentration of contaminants, below the French water drinking standards. Plants grew with- Out any deficiency symptoms on both plots. Apart from the sowed plants, indigenous species developed on the constructed Technosols. Discussion. The experimental set-up was representative of the real conditions for the implementation of such reclamation technologies. In spite of the significant concentrations of trace elements in the parent materials, the fluxes in the drainage effluent were very low because of the high pH. Significantly higher biomass values were recorded on the constructed soil than on the control, as well as a better development of indigenous plants. Conclusions. The constructed soils are examples of Technosols as they are made exclusively of technogenic parent materials. Our results showed that they can behave like natural soils (water cycle, trace elements filtration, biomass production). The process of soil construction is not only an efficient way to reclaim derelict lands, but also a safe alternative for the recycling of wastes and by-products with a minimum use of unpolluted and fertile agricultural soil. Recommendations. The restoration of soil functions, thanks to the soil construction process, must be considered as a primary step for the ecological reclamation of derelict lands. In this way, the pedo-engineering approach should be considered as an essential part of the global ecological engineering for the reclamation of derelict lands. Perspectives. Two major outlooks appear: i) testing a larger variety of wastes and by-products as parent materials for different constructed soils, ii) generalize the results on constructed soils to the characterization of Technosols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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30. Syphilis testing in blood donors, France, 2007 to 2022.

Author

Laperche S, Sauvage C, Le Cam S, Lot F, Malard L, Gallian P, Pouchol E, Richard P, Morel P, Grange P, Tiberghien P, Benhaddou N, and Dupin N

Subjects
Humans, Male, France epidemiology, Female, Adult, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Middle Aged, Treponema pallidum immunology, Treponema pallidum isolation & purification, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Young Adult, Homosexuality, Male statistics & numerical data, Blood Donors statistics & numerical data, Syphilis epidemiology, Syphilis diagnosis, Syphilis blood, Syphilis Serodiagnosis methods
Abstract

BackgroundSyphilis in blood donors (BD) has increased in many countries.AimWe aimed to describe trends in syphilis seroposivity in BD in France, to identify risk factors and assess if a non-treponemic test (NTT) could define BD having recovered from syphilis for more than 1 year.MethodsThe analysis covered the period 2007 to 2022 and 45,875,939 donations. Of the 474 BD syphilis-positive in 2022, 429 underwent additional investigations with an NTT. History of syphilis was obtained at the post-donation interview or based on serology results for repeat donors.ResultsUntil 2021, positivity rates remained stable (mean: 1.18/10,000 donations, range: 1.01-1.38). An increased rate was observed in 2022 (1.74/10,000; p = 0.02). Over the whole study period, prevalence was 2.2 times higher in male than in female BD (4.1 times higher in 2022). The proportion of males with an identified risk factor who have sex with men increased from 16.7% in 2007 to 64.9% in 2022. Based on NTT, 79 (18%) of the donors who were seropositive in 2022 were classified as having been infected in the previous year. History of syphilis was available for 30 of them. All had an infection within the previous 3 years. Among seven donors with a syphilis < 12 months before testing, one had an NTT titre ≥ 8, three a titre between 1 and 4, three were negative.ConclusionSyphilis seropositivity increased considerably in BDs in 2022, mostly in males, notably MSM. Available data did not allow appropriate evaluation of the NTT to distinguish recent from past infection.

Published
2024
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31. Early assessment of diffusion and possible expansion of SARS-CoV-2 Lineage 20I/501Y.V1 (B.1.1.7, variant of concern 202012/01) in France, January to March 2021.

Author

Gaymard A, Bosetti P, Feri A, Destras G, Enouf V, Andronico A, Burrel S, Behillil S, Sauvage C, Bal A, Morfin F, Van Der Werf S, Josset L, Blanquart F, Coignard B, Cauchemez S, and Lina B

Subjects
France epidemiology, Humans, Paris, COVID-19 epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variant 20I/501Y.V1 (VOC-202012/1 or GR/501Y.V1) is concerning given its increased transmissibility. We reanalysed 11,916 PCR-positive tests (41% of all positive tests) performed on 7-8 January 2021 in France. The prevalence of 20I/501Y.V1 was 3.3% among positive tests nationwide and 6.9% in the Paris region. Analysing the recent rise in the prevalence of 20I/501Y.V1, we estimate that, in the French context, 20I/501Y.V1 is 52-69% more transmissible than the previously circulating lineages, depending on modelling assumptions.

Published
2021
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