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Your search keyword '"Sawatzki, Kaitlin"' showing total 19 results
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19 results on '"Sawatzki, Kaitlin"'

1. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Outbreak in New England Seals, United States

Author

Puryear, Wendy, Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Hill, Nichola, Foss, Alexa, Stone, Jonathon J., Doughty, Lynda, Walk, Dominique, Gilbert, Katie, Murray, Maureen, Cox, Elena, Patel, Priya, Mertz, Zak, Ellis, Stephanie, Taylor, Jennifer, Fauquier, Deborah, Smith, Ainsley, DiGiovanni, Robert A., Jr., van de Guchte, Adriana, Gonzalez- Reiche, Ana Silvia, Khalil, Zain, van Bakel, Harm, Torchetti, Mia K., Lantz, Kristina, Lenoch, Julianna B., and Runstadler, Jonathan

Subjects
New England -- Health aspects, Avian influenza -- Risk factors, Epidemics -- Risk factors -- United States, Harbor seal -- Diseases, Disease transmission -- Risk factors, Health
Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses are of concern because of their pandemic potential, socioeconomic impact during agricultural outbreaks, and risks to wildlife conservation. Since October 2020, HPAI A(H5N1) virus, [...]

Published
2023
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2. Longitudinal analysis of pinnipeds in the northwest Atlantic provides insights on endemic circulation of phocine distemper virus

Author

Puryear, Wendy, Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Bogomolni, Andrea, Hill, Nichola, Foss, Alexa, Stokholm, Iben, Olsen, Morten Tange, Nielsen, Ole, Waltzek, Thomas, Goldstein, Tracey, Subramaniam, Kuttichantran, Rodrigues, Thais Carneiro Santos, Belaganahalli, Manjunatha, Doughty, Lynda, Becker, Lisa, Stokes, Ashley, Niemeyer, Misty, Tuttle, Allison, Romano, Tracy, Linhares, Mainity Batista, Fauquier, Deborah, and Runstadler, Jonathan

Published
2021

6. Acute-phase innate immune responses in SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08+ Indian rhesus macaques may contribute to the establishment of elite control.

Author

Rosen, Brandon C., Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Ricciardi, Michael J., Smith, Elise, Golez, Inah, Mauter, Jack T., Pedreño-López, Núria, Yrizarry-Medina, Aaron, Weisgrau, Kim L., Vosler, Logan J., Voigt, Thomas B., Louw, Johan J., Tisoncik-Go, Jennifer, Whitmore, Leanne S., Panayiotou, Christakis, Ghosh, Noor, Furlott, Jessica R., Parks, Christopher L., Desrosiers, Ronald C., and Lifson, Jeffrey D.

Subjects
AIDS, CYTOTOXIC T cells, SIMIAN immunodeficiency virus, HIV, PATTERN perception receptors
Abstract

Introduction: Spontaneous control of chronic-phase HIV/SIV viremia is often associated with the expression of specific MHC class I allotypes. HIV/SIV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restricted by these MHC class I allotypes appear to be critical for viremic control. Establishment of the elite controller (EC) phenotype is predictable in SIVmac239-infected Indian rhesus macaques (RMs), with approximately 50% of Mamu-B*08 + RMs and 20% of Mamu-B*17 + RMs becoming ECs. Despite extensive characterization of EC-associated CTLs in HIV/SIV-infected individuals, the precise mechanistic basis of elite control remains unknown. Because EC and non-EC viral load trajectories begin diverging by day 14 post-infection, we hypothesized that hyperacute innate immune responses may contribute to viremic control. Methods: To gain insight into the immunological factors involved in the determination of EC status, we vaccinated 16 Mamu-B*08 + RMs with Vif and Nef to elicit EC-associated CTLs, then subjected these 16 vaccinees and an additional 16 unvaccinated Mamu-B*08 + controls to repeated intrarectal SIVmac239 challenges. We then performed whole-blood transcriptomic analysis of all 32 SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08 + RMs and eight SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08 – RMs during the first 14 days of infection. Results: Vaccination did not provide protection against acquisition, but peak and setpoint viremia were significantly lower in vaccinees relative to controls. We did not identify any meaningful correlations between vaccine-induced CTL parameters and SIVmac239 acquisition rate or chronic-phase viral loads. Ultimately, 13 of 16 vaccinees (81%) and 7 of 16 controls (44%) became ECs (viremia ≤ 10,000 vRNA copies/mL plasma for ≥ 4 weeks). We identified subsets of immunomodulatory genes differentially expressed (DE) between RM groupings based on vaccination status, EC status, and MHC class I genotype. These DE genes function in multiple innate immune processes, including the complement system, cytokine/chemokine signaling, pattern recognition receptors, and interferon-mediated responses. Discussion: A striking difference in the kinetics of differential gene expression among our RM groups suggests that Mamu-B*08 -associated elite control is characterized by a robust, rapid innate immune response that quickly resolves. These findings indicate that, despite the association between MHC class I genotype and elite control, innate immune factors in hyperacute SIV infection preceding CTL response development may facilitate the establishment of the EC phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak among Malayan Tigers and Humans, Tennessee, USA, 2020

Author

Grome, Heather N., Meyer, Becky, Read, Erin, Buchanan, Martha, Cushing, Andrew, Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Levinson, Kara J., Thomas, Linda S., Perry, Zachary, Uehara, Anna, Tao, Ying, Queen, Krista, Tong, Suxiang, Ghai, Ria, Fill, Mary- Margaret, Jones, Timothy F., Schaffner, William, and Dunn, John

Subjects
Tigers -- Health aspects, Epidemics -- Risk factors -- United States, Zoo animals -- Health aspects, Disease transmission -- Risk factors, Human-animal relationships -- Health aspects, Zoo keepers -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

In October 2020, the Tennessee Department of Health (Nashville, Tennessee, USA) was notified of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in 3 Malayan tigers (Panthera tigris jacksoni) at [...]

Published
2022
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8. Diversion of HIV-1 vaccine–induced immunity by gp41-microbiota cross-reactive antibodies

Author

Williams, Wilton B., Liao, Hua-Xin, Moody, M. Anthony, Kepler, Thomas B., Alam, S. Munir, Gao, Feng, Wiehe, Kevin, Trama, Ashley M., Jones, Kathryn, Zhang, Ruijun, Song, Hongshuo, Marshall, Dawn J., Whitesides, John F., Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Hua, Axin, Liu, Pinghuang, Tay, Matthew Z., Seaton, Kelly E., Shen, Xiaoying, Foulger, Andrew, Lloyd, Krissey E., Parks, Robert, Pollara, Justin, Ferrari, Guido, Yu, Jae-Sung, Vandergrift, Nathan, Montefiori, David C., Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E., Hammer, Scott, Karuna, Shelly, Gilbert, Peter, Grove, Doug, Grunenberg, Nicole, McElrath, M. Juliana, Mascola, John R., Koup, Richard A., Corey, Lawrence, Nabel, Gary J., Morgan, Cecilia, Churchyard, Gavin, Maenza, Janine, Keefer, Michael, Graham, Barney S., Baden, Lindsey R., Tomaras, Georgia D., and Haynes, Barton F.

Published
2015

10. Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in New England Seals

Author

Puryear, Wendy, primary, Sawatzki, Kaitlin, additional, Hill, Nichola, additional, Foss, Alexa, additional, Stone, Jonathon J., additional, Doughty, Lynda, additional, Walk, Dominique, additional, Gilbert, Katie, additional, Murray, Maureen, additional, Cox, Elena, additional, Patel, Priya, additional, Mertz, Zak, additional, Ellis, Stephanie, additional, Taylor, Jennifer, additional, Fauquier, Deborah, additional, Smith, Ainsley, additional, DiGiovanni, Robert A., additional, van de Guchte, Adriana, additional, Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana Silvia, additional, Khalil, Zain, additional, van Bakel, Harm, additional, Torchetti, Mia K., additional, Lenoch, Julianna B., additional, Lantz, Kristina, additional, and Runstadler, Jonathan, additional

Published
2022
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12. HIV-1 VACCINES: Diversion of HIV-1 vaccine-induced immunity by gp41-microbiota cross-reactive antibodies

Author

Williams, Wilton B., Liao, Hua-Xin, Moody, Anthony M., Kepler, Thomas B., Alam, Munir S., Gao, Feng, Wiehe, Kevin, Trama, Ashley M., Jones, Kathryn, Zhang, Ruijun, Song, Hongshuo, Marshall, Dawn J., Whitesides, John F., Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Hua, Axin, Liu, Pinghuang, Tay, Matthew Z., Seaton, Kelly E., Shen, Xiaoying, Foulger, Andrew, Lloyd, Krissey E., Parks, Robert, Pollara, Justin, Ferrari, Guido, Yu, Jae-Sung, Vandergrift, Nathan, Montefiori, David C., Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E., Hammer, Scott, Karuna, Shelly, Gilbert, Peter, Grove, Doug, Grunenberg, Nicole, McElrath, Juliana M., Mascola, John R., Koup, Richard A., Corey, Lawrence, Nabel, Gary J., Morgan, Cecilia, Churchyard, Gavin, Maenza, Janine, Keefer, Michael, Graham, Barney S., Baden, Lindsey R., Tomaras, Georgia D., and Haynes, Barton F.

Published
2015
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13. Supplementary material (figures and tables) from Emergence and radiation of distemper viruses in terrestrial and marine mammals

Author

Stokholm, Iben, Puryear, Wendy, Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm, Terkelsen, Thilde, Becher, Paul, Siebert, Ursula, and Olsen, Morten Tange

Subjects
GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Abstract

This file includes supplementary figures and tables supporting the analyses and figures of the article. References for summary tables are listed in the end.

Published
2021
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15. Supplementary Figure 3 from Emergence and radiation of distemper viruses in terrestrial and marine mammals

Author

Stokholm, Iben, Puryear, Wendy, Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm, Terkelsen, Thilde, Becher, Paul, Siebert, Ursula, and Olsen, Morten Tange

Abstract

Plot illustrating the time estimates and HPD intervals generated in BEAST2 (Bouckaert et al., 2014) based on 12 analyses conducted with different combinations of substitution, clock and evolution models. The different model combinations are given by the following abbreviations: RC = relaxed clock, SC = strict clock, cbs = Coalescence Bayesian Skyline, ccp = Coalescent Constant Population and cep = Coalescence Exponential Population. The triangle and circles indicate the mean divergence estimates calculated as the time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA). Three estimates are illustrated; the tMRCA between CDV and PDV (red) and the tMRCA of the modern sequences of each virus (PDV = green and CDV = blue). The triangle represents the analysis chosen based on the marginal likelihood score while the circles indicate the rest of the analyses.

Published
2021
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16. Supplementary material from Longitudinal analysis of pinnipeds in the Northwest Atlantic provides insights on endemic circulation of Phocine distemper virus

Author

Puryear, Wendy, Sawatzki, Kaitlin, Bogomolni, Andrea, Hill, Nichola, Foss, Alexa, Stokholm, Iben, Olsen, Morten Tange, Nielsen, Ole, Waltzek, Thomas, Goldstein, Tracey, Subramaniam, Kuttichantran, Rodrigues, Thais Carneiro Santos, Belaganahalli, Manjunatha, Doughty, Lynda, Becker, Lisa, Stokes, Ashley, Niemeyer, Misty, Tuttle, Allison, Romano, Tracy, Linhares, Mainity Batista, Fauquier, Deborah, and Runstadler, Jonathan

Abstract

Supplementary methods, tables and figures

Published
2021
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19. Examination of the immunoglobulin repertoire before and after Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed immunization

Author

Sawatzki, Kaitlin Michele Robbins

Subjects
Immunology, Antibody, B cell, Plasmablast, Sequencing, Vaccine
Abstract

Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) immunization protects against anthrax disease by eliciting a neutralizing antibody response. However, antigen-specific antibody concentrations are not observed in high quantities until three immunizations have been administered over six months. Even then, humoral responses to AVA do not provide long-term immunity without an annual booster. We followed six healthy volunteers over the five-dose, 18-month AVA schedule to characterize the genetics of the immunoglobulin repertoire during the vaccination series. Two tiers of data were collected: 1) Immunoglobulin variable region genes (IgVRG) from bulk sorted naïve, memory and plasmablast (PB) B cells and 2) single cell sorted and sequenced IgVRG from plasmablasts. Samples were collected prior to and one and two weeks following each immunization. Our initial analyses indicated that technical error, the variation introduced by biological sampling and standard sample preparation, resulted in skewed output, and we developed a model to better estimate quantitative values from Ig-seq. We also utilized unique molecular identifiers to correct for nucleotide errors and PCR over-amplification. Our analysis of IgVRG following AVA administration reveals that the population of peripheral PBs following primary immunization is not distinguishable from the pre-immune peripheral PB repertoire. These PBs have more somatic mutations than expected for newly activated and differentiated naïve B cells, and are unlikely to be vaccine-elicited. In contrast, PBs observed following the 2nd dose have low mutation frequencies that increase upon subsequent vaccination. These clones are more persistent than clones first observed following any other immunization, but still make up a very small proportion of the overall repertoire. At no time is the clonal repertoire consistently dominated by a few clones, and the total and plasmablast repertoires are highly transient, even after the elicitation of vaccine-specific antibodies. AVA immunization thus results in a polyclonal B cell response which is not dominated by one or a few highly specific, strongly-elicited clones. We conclude that primary immunization by AVA is not sufficiently immunogenic to elicit vaccine-responsive, class-switched PBs to the periphery, nor is complete AVA immunization able to sustain proliferation of individual clones, providing insight into why AVA may require regular boosts.

Published
2017

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