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In India, Agriculture is playing important role in growth of the economy. It is a non technical sector but today we can also apply technology that improve the agriculture growth .We fulfill the requirement of agriculture and fast implementation using Artificial Intelligence. The agriculturalist usually follows a way that called crop transformation successive to produce to good result. Using of technology, we increase the growth and achieving good result in precision agriculture. We have designed a model that achieves for soil parameter. Analyze the quality of soil using machine learning algorithm we can predict the quality of soil using various parameters. Regularly testing of soil is very tedious task. So requirement of automate the process, we are using Machine leaning approach to analyze the soil dataset and visualize of various parameter that would help to take decisions. Using machine learning algorithm, we have Design a model that is monitoring the physical component of soil in a proper way for different area of Kanpur. In our model, we collect the soil data sample from different area of the Kanpur that use for machine learning algorithm to analyze the physical properties. In physical property,we analyze the pH and humidity data of soil using machine learning algorithm .here we use 30%testing data and 70% training data for analysis in random forest algorithm. This algorithm is find the model accuracy and error values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relatedness among mates affects reproductive performance in insects. Previous studies indicate that laboratory rearing of a closed population leads to a decline in fitness owing to inbreeding depression. Although females possess the ability to discriminate against unsuitable males, it is not clear whether they have the ability to bias paternity against related males. We investigated whether the zig-zag ladybird beetle (Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius, 1781)) (Coleoptera Coccinellidae) has evolved mechanisms to avoid inbreeding. We performed mating disruption experiments among two lines of inbred and outbred individuals and assessed whether mating behaviour (including mating duration and mate guarding) and reproductive performance were affected. Results indicate that females delay the onset of copula when paired with inbred individuals. Decreased fecundity and percent egg viability following mating with inbred mate is indicative of cost of inbreeding. As trends of spermatophore transfer are similar in inbred and outbred pairs, we assume that females modify their reproductive performance when mated with inbred males. Thus, our study reveals that mating with relatives is likely avoided by females, thus preventing inbreeding depression. Key words: fecundity, zig-zag ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus, percent egg viability, precopulatory, postcopulatory. La parente des partenaires a une incidence sur la performance de reproduction chez les insectes. Des etudes ont deja indique que la reproduction en laboratoire d'une population fermee mene a une baisse d'aptitude decoulant de la depression de consanguinite. Si les femelles ont la capacite de discriminer les males non convenables, il n'est pas bien etabli si elles ont la capacite de favoriser pour la paternite les males qui ne leur sont pas apparentes. Nous avons verifie si la coccinelle a zigzag (Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius, 1781)) (coleopteres coccinellides) a developpe des mecanismes pour eviter la consanguinite. Nous avons effectue des manipulations d'accouplement perturbe entre deux lignees d'individus consanguins et exogames et evalue l'incidence sur le comportement d'accouplement (dont la duree de l'accouplement et la surveillance du partenaire) et la performance de reproduction. Les resultats indiquent que les femelles retardent le debut de la copulation quand elles sont jumelees a des individus consanguins. La reduction de la fecondite et du pourcentage d'reufs viables apres l'accouplement avec un partenaire consanguin est un indicateur du cout de la consanguinite. Comme les tendances de transfert de spermatophores sont semblables chez les paires consanguines et exogames, nous presumons que les femelles modifient leur performance de reproduction quand elles s'accouplent avec des males consanguins. L'etude revele donc que l'accouplement avec des individus apparentes est probablement evite par les femelles, prevenant ainsi la depression de consanguinite. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: fecondite, coccinelle a zigzag, Menochilus sexmaculatus, pourcentage d'reufs viables, precopulatoire, postcopulatoire., Introduction Many insects mate with either single or multiple males. Multiple matings have numerous benefits such as enhanced fecundity and egg viability (Srivastava and Omkar 2005), nuptial gifts or parental [...]