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384 results on '"Schönenberger, Jürg"'

5. Opposing effects of plant traits on diversification

Author

Anderson, Bruce, Pannell, John, Billiard, Sylvain, Burgarella, Concetta, de Boer, Hugo, Dufay, Mathilde, Helmstetter, Andrew J., Méndez, Marcos, Otto, Sarah P., Roze, Denis, Sauquet, Hervé, Schoen, Daniel, Schönenberger, Jürg, Vallejo-Marin, Mario, Zenil-Ferguson, Rosana, Käfer, Jos, and Glémin, Sylvain

Published
2023
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10. The ancestral flower of angiosperms and its early diversification.

Author

Sauquet, Hervé, von Balthazar, Maria, Magallón, Susana, Doyle, James A, Endress, Peter K, Bailes, Emily J, Barroso de Morais, Erica, Bull-Hereñu, Kester, Carrive, Laetitia, Chartier, Marion, Chomicki, Guillaume, Coiro, Mario, Cornette, Raphaël, El Ottra, Juliana HL, Epicoco, Cyril, Foster, Charles SP, Jabbour, Florian, Haevermans, Agathe, Haevermans, Thomas, Hernández, Rebeca, Little, Stefan A, Löfstrand, Stefan, Luna, Javier A, Massoni, Julien, Nadot, Sophie, Pamperl, Susanne, Prieu, Charlotte, Reyes, Elisabeth, Dos Santos, Patrícia, Schoonderwoerd, Kristel M, Sontag, Susanne, Soulebeau, Anaëlle, Staedler, Yannick, Tschan, Georg F, Wing-Sze Leung, Amy, and Schönenberger, Jürg

Subjects
Flowers, Phylogeny, Phenotype, Biological Evolution, Magnoliopsida
Abstract

Recent advances in molecular phylogenetics and a series of important palaeobotanical discoveries have revolutionized our understanding of angiosperm diversification. Yet, the origin and early evolution of their most characteristic feature, the flower, remains poorly understood. In particular, the structure of the ancestral flower of all living angiosperms is still uncertain. Here we report model-based reconstructions for ancestral flowers at the deepest nodes in the phylogeny of angiosperms, using the largest data set of floral traits ever assembled. We reconstruct the ancestral angiosperm flower as bisexual and radially symmetric, with more than two whorls of three separate perianth organs each (undifferentiated tepals), more than two whorls of three separate stamens each, and more than five spirally arranged separate carpels. Although uncertainty remains for some of the characters, our reconstruction allows us to propose a new plausible scenario for the early diversification of flowers, leading to new testable hypotheses for future research on angiosperms.

Published
2017

11. High floral disparity without pollinator shifts in buzz‐bee‐pollinated Melastomataceae.

Author

Kopper, Constantin, Schönenberger, Jürg, and Dellinger, Agnes S.

Subjects
*POLLINATORS, *MELASTOMATACEAE, *POLLINATION, *MACHINE learning, *FUNCTIONAL groups
Abstract

Summary: Shifts among functional pollinator groups are commonly regarded as sources of floral morphological diversity (disparity) through the formation of distinct pollination syndromes. While pollination syndromes may be used for predicting pollinators, their predictive accuracy remains debated, and they are rarely used to test whether floral disparity is indeed associated with pollinator shifts.We apply classification models trained and validated on 44 functional floral traits across 252 species with empirical pollinator observations and then use the validated models to predict pollinators for 159 species lacking observations. In addition, we employ multivariate statistics and phylogenetic comparative analyses to test whether pollinator shifts are the main source of floral disparity in Melastomataceae.We find strong support for four well‐differentiated pollination syndromes ('buzz‐bee', 'nectar‐foraging vertebrate', 'food‐body‐foraging vertebrate', 'generalist'). While pollinator shifts add significantly to floral disparity, we find that the most species‐rich 'buzz‐bee' pollination syndrome is most disparate, indicating that high floral disparity may evolve without pollinator shifts. Also, relatively species‐poor clades and geographic areas contributed substantially to total disparity.Finally, our results show that machine‐learning approaches are a powerful tool for evaluating the predictive accuracy of the pollination syndrome concept as well as for predicting pollinators where observations are missing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora

Author

Falster, Daniel, Gallagher, Rachael, Wenk, Elizabeth H., Wright, Ian J., Indiarto, Dony, Andrew, Samuel C., Baxter, Caitlan, Lawson, James, Allen, Stuart, Fuchs, Anne, Monro, Anna, Kar, Fonti, Adams, Mark A., Ahrens, Collin W., Alfonzetti, Matthew, Angevin, Tara, Apgaua, Deborah M. G., Arndt, Stefan, Atkin, Owen K., Atkinson, Joe, Auld, Tony, Baker, Andrew, von Balthazar, Maria, Bean, Anthony, Blackman, Chris J., Bloomfield, Keith, Bowman, David M. J. S., Bragg, Jason, Brodribb, Timothy J., Buckton, Genevieve, Burrows, Geoff, Caldwell, Elizabeth, Camac, James, Carpenter, Raymond, Catford, Jane A., Cawthray, Gregory R., Cernusak, Lucas A., Chandler, Gregory, Chapman, Alex R., Cheal, David, Cheesman, Alexander W., Chen, Si-Chong, Choat, Brendan, Clinton, Brook, Clode, Peta L., Coleman, Helen, Cornwell, William K., Cosgrove, Meredith, Crisp, Michael, Cross, Erika, Crous, Kristine Y., Cunningham, Saul, Curran, Timothy, Curtis, Ellen, Daws, Matthew I., DeGabriel, Jane L., Denton, Matthew D., Dong, Ning, Du, Pengzhen, Duan, Honglang, Duncan, David H., Duncan, Richard P., Duretto, Marco, Dwyer, John M., Edwards, Cheryl, Esperon-Rodriguez, Manuel, Evans, John R., Everingham, Susan E., Farrell, Claire, Firn, Jennifer, Fonseca, Carlos Roberto, French, Ben J., Frood, Doug, Funk, Jennifer L., Geange, Sonya R., Ghannoum, Oula, Gleason, Sean M., Gosper, Carl R., Gray, Emma, Groom, Philip K., Grootemaat, Saskia, Gross, Caroline, Guerin, Greg, Guja, Lydia, Hahs, Amy K., Harrison, Matthew Tom, Hayes, Patrick E., Henery, Martin, Hochuli, Dieter, Howell, Jocelyn, Huang, Guomin, Hughes, Lesley, Huisman, John, Ilic, Jugoslav, Jagdish, Ashika, Jin, Daniel, Jordan, Gregory, Jurado, Enrique, Kanowski, John, Kasel, Sabine, Kellermann, Jürgen, Kenny, Belinda, Kohout, Michele, Kooyman, Robert M., Kotowska, Martyna M., Lai, Hao Ran, Laliberté, Etienne, Lambers, Hans, Lamont, Byron B., Lanfear, Robert, van Langevelde, Frank, Laughlin, Daniel C., Laugier-Kitchener, Bree-Anne, Laurance, Susan, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Leigh, Andrea, Leishman, Michelle R., Lenz, Tanja, Lepschi, Brendan, Lewis, James D., Lim, Felix, Liu, Udayangani, Lord, Janice, Lusk, Christopher H., Macinnis-Ng, Cate, McPherson, Hannah, Magallón, Susana, Manea, Anthony, López-Martinez, Andrea, Mayfield, Margaret, McCarthy, James K., Meers, Trevor, van der Merwe, Marlien, Metcalfe, Daniel J., Milberg, Per, Mokany, Karel, Moles, Angela T., Moore, Ben D., Moore, Nicholas, Morgan, John W., Morris, William, Muir, Annette, Munroe, Samantha, Nicholson, Áine, Nicolle, Dean, Nicotra, Adrienne B., Niinemets, Ülo, North, Tom, O’Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, O’Sullivan, Odhran S., Oberle, Brad, Onoda, Yusuke, Ooi, Mark K. J., Osborne, Colin P., Paczkowska, Grazyna, Pekin, Burak, Guilherme Pereira, Caio, Pickering, Catherine, Pickup, Melinda, Pollock, Laura J., Poot, Pieter, Powell, Jeff R., Power, Sally A., Prentice, Iain Colin, Prior, Lynda, Prober, Suzanne M., Read, Jennifer, Reynolds, Victoria, Richards, Anna E., Richardson, Ben, Roderick, Michael L., Rosell, Julieta A., Rossetto, Maurizio, Rye, Barbara, Rymer, Paul D., Sams, Michael A., Sanson, Gordon, Sauquet, Hervé, Schmidt, Susanne, Schönenberger, Jürg, Schulze, Ernst-Detlef, Sendall, Kerrie, Sinclair, Steve, Smith, Benjamin, Smith, Renee, Soper, Fiona, Sparrow, Ben, Standish, Rachel J., Staples, Timothy L., Stephens, Ruby, Szota, Christopher, Taseski, Guy, Tasker, Elizabeth, Thomas, Freya, Tissue, David T., Tjoelker, Mark G., Tng, David Yue Phin, de Tombeur, Félix, Tomlinson, Kyle, Turner, Neil C., Veneklaas, Erik J., Venn, Susanna, Vesk, Peter, Vlasveld, Carolyn, Vorontsova, Maria S., Warren, Charles A., Warwick, Nigel, Weerasinghe, Lasantha K., Wells, Jessie, Westoby, Mark, White, Matthew, Williams, Nicholas S. G., Wills, Jarrah, Wilson, Peter G., Yates, Colin, Zanne, Amy E., Zemunik, Graham, and Ziemińska, Kasia

Published
2021
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16. Angiosperm flowers reached their highest morphological diversity early in their evolutionary history.

Author

López‐Martínez, Andrea M., Magallón, Susana, von Balthazar, Maria, Schönenberger, Jürg, Sauquet, Hervé, and Chartier, Marion

Subjects
ANGIOSPERMS, FLOWERS
Abstract

Summary: Flowers are the complex and highly diverse reproductive structures of angiosperms. Because of their role in sexual reproduction, the evolution of flowers is tightly linked to angiosperm speciation and diversification. Accordingly, the quantification of floral morphological diversity (disparity) among angiosperm subgroups and through time may give important insights into the evolutionary history of angiosperms as a whole.Based on a comprehensive dataset focusing on 30 characters describing floral structure across angiosperms, we used 1201 extant and 121 fossil flowers to measure floral disparity and explore patterns of floral evolution through time and across lineages.We found that angiosperms reached their highest floral disparity in the Early Cretaceous. However, decreasing disparity toward the present likely has not precluded the innovation of other complex traits at other morphological levels, which likely played a key role in the outstanding angiosperm species richness.Angiosperms occupy specific regions of the theoretical morphospace, indicating that only a portion of the possible floral trait combinations is observed in nature. The ANA grade, the magnoliids, and the early‐eudicot grade occupy large areas of the morphospace (higher disparity), whereas nested groups occupy narrower regions (lower disparity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. Trait‐dependent diversification in angiosperms: Patterns, models and data

Author

Helmstetter, Andrew J., primary, Zenil‐Ferguson, Rosana, additional, Sauquet, Hervé, additional, Otto, Sarah P., additional, Méndez, Marcos, additional, Vallejo‐Marin, Mario, additional, Schönenberger, Jürg, additional, Burgarella, Concetta, additional, Anderson, Bruce, additional, de Boer, Hugo, additional, Glémin, Sylvain, additional, and Käfer, Jos, additional

Published
2023
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41. Three‐dimensional X‐ray‐computed tomography of 3300‐ to 6000‐year‐old Citrullus seeds from Libya and Egypt compared to extant seeds throws doubts on species assignments

Author

Wolcott, Katherine A., Chomicki, Guillaume, Staedler, Yannick M., Wasylikowa, Krystyna, Nesbitt, Mark, Schönenberger, Jürg, and Renner, Susanne S.

Subjects
Citrullus, Environmental sciences, seed shape, watermelons, QK1-989, micro-CT scanning, colocynth, Egyptian tombs, Botany, GE1-350, micro‐CT scanning
Abstract

Societal Impact Statement The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus subsp. vulgaris) is among the world's most important fruit crops. We here use C‐14 dating and morphometric analysis to test whether ancient seeds can be identified to species level, which would help document food expansion, innovation, and diversity in Northeastern Africa. We dated a Libyan seed to 6182–6001 calibrated years BP, making it the oldest Citrullus seed known. Morphometric analysis could not reliably assign ancient seeds to particular species, but several seeds showed breakage patterns characteristic of modern watermelon seeds cracked by human teeth. Our study contributes to the understanding of the early history of watermelon use by humans, who may have mostly snacked on the seeds, and cautions against the use of morphology alone to identify Citrullus archaeological samples.

Published
2021

42. A flat petal as ancestral state for Ranunculaceae

Author

Delpeuch, Pauline, Jabbour, Florian, Damerval, Catherine, Schönenberger, Jürg, Pamperl, Susanne, Rome, Maxime, and Nadot, Sophie

Subjects
ancestral state reconstruction, elaborate petals, Plant Science, petal development, floral morphology, Ranunculaceae
Abstract

Ranunculaceae comprise ca. 2,500 species (ca. 55 genera) that display a broad range of floral diversity, particularly at the level of the perianth. Petals, when present, are often referred to as “elaborate” because they have a complex morphology. In addition, the petals usually produce and store nectar, which gives them a crucial functional role in the interaction with pollinators. Its morphological diversity and species richness make this family a particularly suitable model group for studying the evolution of complex morphologies. Our aims are (1) to reconstruct the ancestral form of the petal and evolutionary stages at the scale of Ranunculaceae, (2) to test the hypothesis that there are morphogenetic regions on the petal that are common to all species and that interspecific morphological diversity may be due to differences in the relative proportions of these regions during development. We scored and analyzed traits (descriptors) that characterize in detail the complexity of mature petal morphology in 32 genera. Furthermore, we described petal development using high resolution X-Ray computed tomography (HRX-CT) in six species with contrasting petal forms (Ficaria verna, Helleborus orientalis, Staphisagria picta, Aconitum napellus, Nigella damascena, Aquilegia vulgaris). Ancestral state reconstruction was performed using a robust and dated phylogeny of the family, allowing us to produce new hypotheses for petal evolution in Ranunculaceae. Our results suggest a flat ancestral petal with a short claw for the entire family and for the ancestors of all tribes except Adonideae. The elaborate petals that are present in different lineages have evolved independently, and similar morphologies are the result of convergent evolution.

Published
2022

48. Trait-dependent diversification in angiosperms: patterns, models and data

Author

Helmstetter, Andrew J., primary, Zenil-Ferguson, Rosana, additional, Sauquet, Hervé, additional, Otto, Sarah P., additional, Méndez, Marcos, additional, Vallejo-Marin, Mario, additional, Schönenberger, Jürg, additional, Burgarella, Concetta, additional, Anderson, Bruce, additional, de Boer, Hugo, additional, Glémin, Sylvain, additional, and Käfer, Jos, additional

Published
2022
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