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4. Proteomic Expression Profiling of Breast Cancer

Author

Neubauer, Hans, Fehm, Tanja, Schütz, Christina, Speer, Runa, Solomayer, Erich, Schrattenholz, André, Cahill, Michael A., Kurek, Raffael, Schlag, P. M., editor, Senn, H. -J., editor, Kleihues, P., editor, Stiefel, F., editor, Groner, B., editor, Wallgren, A., editor, Rentchnik, P., editor, and Dietel, Manfred, editor

Published
2007
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6. Folter und Körperwissen – Notizen aus der laufenden Forschung

Author

Inhetveen, Katharina, Breger, Max, Bultmann, Daniel, and Schütz, Christina

Subjects
Wissenssoziologie, 300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie, Othering, Torture, politische Gewalt, Violence, Körper, FOS: Sociology, Knowledge, Sociology, CIA, Body, Folter, Gewalt
Abstract

Das komparative Forschungsprojekt „Folter und Körperwissen“ untersucht die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Foltertechniken (als vollzogene Praktiken und als verfestigte Handlungsentwürfe) und Körperwissen (als Wissen über den Körper und als inkorporiertes Wissen). Dabei verbindet das Projekt körper-, gewalt- und wissenssoziologische Perspektiven. Empirisch liegt der Fokus auf drei Folterkomplexen: Folter durch US-Instanzen im Kalten Krieg und insbesondere dem sogenannten „Krieg gegen den Terror“, durch die Diktaturen in Argentinien und Chile sowie durch die Roten Khmer in Kambodscha. Das Working Paper stellt neben der Konzeptualisierung, den Fragestellungen und Zielen des Projektes im zweiten Teil einige Diskussionspunkte aus der laufenden Projektarbeit vor. Theoretische gewaltsoziologische Fragen, die sich bei der Analyse von Folter als einer sozialen Interaktion ergeben, werden dabei unter dem Eindruck der Empirie beleuchtet: Die Spannungsverhältnisse zwischen Reziprozitätsannahmen und Othering sowie zwischen Selbstzweck und Instrumentalität von Foltergewalt und schließlich der asymmetrische Charakter von Foltersituationen und die Relevanz des oder der Dritten., The comparative research project “Torture and Body Knowledge” analyzes how torture techniques (as enacted practices and as systematized blueprints for action) and body knowledge (as knowledge about the body and as incorporated knowledge) interact with each other. Thereby, the project combines perspectives from the sociology of the body, the sociology of violence, and the sociology of knowledge. Empirically, the project focusses on three torture complexes, namely torture by US agencies during the Cold War and the so-called ‘War on Terror’, by Argentinean and Chilean dictatorships in Latin America, and by the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia. In addition to the project’s conceptualization, its research questions and aims, the contribution introduces to several points of discussion from the ongoing research. Based on the empirical findings from the three project areas, the team discusses questions pertaining the sociology of violence, which emerge from the analysis of torture as social interaction. These include the tension between assumptions of reciprocity versus othering, and between the violence of torture as an end in itself versus as a means to an end, as well as the asymmetric character of torture situations and the relevance of the “third”.

Published
2020
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9. SANS study of mixed cholesteric cellulose nanocrystal – gold nanorod suspensions

Author

Van Rie, Jonas, primary, González-Rubio, Guillermo, additional, Kumar, Sugam, additional, Schütz, Christina, additional, Kohlbrecher, Joachim, additional, Vanroelen, Michèle, additional, Van Gerven, Tom, additional, Deschaume, Olivier, additional, Bartic, Carmen, additional, Liz-Marzán, Luis M., additional, Salazar-Alvarez, German, additional, and Thielemans, Wim, additional

Published
2020
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16. Functionalization and patterning of nanocellulose films by surface-bound nanoparticles of hydrolyzable tannins and multivalent metal ions

Author

Limaye, Mukta V., primary, Schütz, Christina, additional, Kriechbaum, Konstantin, additional, Wohlert, Jakob, additional, Bacsik, Zoltán, additional, Wohlert, Malin, additional, Xia, Wei, additional, Pléa, Mama, additional, Dembele, Cheick, additional, Salazar-Alvarez, German, additional, and Bergström, Lennart, additional

Published
2019
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17. A CaCO₃/nanocellulose-based bioinspired nacre-like material

Author

Farhadi-Khouzani, Masoud, Schütz, Christina, Durak, Grażyna M., Fornell Beringues, Jordina, Sort Viñas, Jordi, Salazar-Alvarez, Germán, Bergström, Lennart, and Gebauer, Denis

Abstract

Nacre continues to be an inspiration for the fabrication of strong and tough materials from renewable and earth-abundant raw materials. Herein, we showed how a nacre-like hybrid material based on nanocellulose (NC) and CaCO₃ can be prepared via the sequential infiltration of polymer-stabilised CaCO₃ liquid precursors into layers of pre-deposited NC films. Layer-by-layer assembly of the NC films followed by controlled spreading and infiltration with liquid CaCO₃ precursors generated a lamellar material with an architecture and iridescent appearance similar to those of nacre. The wettability of the NC films towards the liquid CaCO₃ precursors was controlled by hydroxyl and carboxyl functionalization of the NC fibrils and the addition of magnesium ions. The combination of a high stiffness and plasticity of the nacre-like NC/CaCO₃ hybrid materials show that excellent mechanical properties can be obtained employing a fibrillar organic constituent that is relatively hard. The fabrication of a nacre-like hybrid material via an aqueous route of assembly and infiltration processing demonstrates how a sustainable composite material with outstanding properties can be produced using the most abundant biopolymer and biomineral on earth.

Published
2017

26. Macroscopic control of helix orientation in films dried from cholesteric liquid crystalline cellulose nanocrystal suspensions

Author

Park, Ji Hyun, Noh, Junghyun, Schütz, Christina, Salazar-Alvarez, German, Scalia, Giusy, Bergström, Lennart, and Lagerwall, Jan

Subjects
Physique [G04] [Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre], Liquid crystals, Cellulose nanocrystals, Physics [G04] [Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences], Jamming
Abstract

The intrinsic ability of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to self-organize into films and bulk materials with helical order in a cholesteric liquid crystal is scientifically intriguing and potentially important for the production of renewable multifunctional materials with attractive optical properties. A major obstacle, however, has been the lack of control of helix direction, which results in a defect-rich, mosaic-like domain structure. Herein, a method for guiding the helix during film formation is introduced, which yields dramatically improved uniformity, as confirmed by using polarizing optical and scanning electron microscopy. By raising the CNC concentration in the initial suspension to the fully liquid crystalline range, a vertical helix orientation is promoted, as directed by the macroscopic phase boundaries. Further control of the helix orientation is achieved by subjecting the suspension to a circular shear flow during drying.

Published
2014

28. Rod Packing in Chiral Nematic Cellulose Nanocrystal Dispersions Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and Laser Diffraction

Author

Schütz, Christina, primary, Agthe, Michael, additional, Fall, Andreas B., additional, Gordeyeva, Korneliya, additional, Guccini, Valentina, additional, Salajková, Michaela, additional, Plivelic, Tomás S., additional, Lagerwall, Jan P. F., additional, Salazar-Alvarez, German, additional, and Bergström, Lennart, additional

Published
2015
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30. A CaCO3/nanocellulose-based bioinspired nacre-like material.

Author

Farhadi-Khouzani, Masoud, Schütz, Christina, Durak, Grażyna M., Fornell, Jordina, Sort, Jordi, Salazar-Alvarez, Germán, Bergström, Lennart, and Gebauer, Denis

Abstract

Nacre continues to be an inspiration for the fabrication of strong and tough materials from renewable and earth-abundant raw materials. Herein, we showed how a nacre-like hybrid material based on nanocellulose (NC) and CaCO3 can be prepared via the sequential infiltration of polymer-stabilised CaCO3 liquid precursors into layers of pre-deposited NC films. Layer-by-layer assembly of the NC films followed by controlled spreading and infiltration with liquid CaCO3 precursors generated a lamellar material with an architecture and iridescent appearance similar to those of nacre. The wettability of the NC films towards the liquid CaCO3 precursors was controlled by hydroxyl and carboxyl functionalization of the NC fibrils and the addition of magnesium ions. The combination of a high stiffness and plasticity of the nacre-like NC/CaCO3 hybrid materials show that excellent mechanical properties can be obtained employing a fibrillar organic constituent that is relatively hard. The fabrication of a nacre-like hybrid material via an aqueous route of assembly and infiltration processing demonstrates how a sustainable composite material with outstanding properties can be produced using the most abundant biopolymer and biomineral on earth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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31. Influence of the Particle Concentration and Marangoni Flow on the Formation of Cellulose Nanocrystal Films.

Author

Gençer, Alican, Schütz, Christina, and Wim Thielemans

Subjects
*CELLULOSE nanocrystals, *PARTICLE concentration (Atmospheric chemistry), *MARANGONI effect, *MOLECULAR self-assembly, *OPTICAL diffraction
Abstract

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), ribbonlike crystalline nanoparticles, are a biobased material that can be a great alternative to obtaining films with tunable optical properties. Iridescent and light-diffracting films can be readily obtained via the drying of a suspension of these cellulose nanocrystals. The characteristics of the particle deposition process together with the self-assembly in the precluding suspension has a direct effect on the optical properties of the obtained films. Particle deposition onto a substrate is affected by the flow dynamics inside sessile droplets and usually yields a ring-shaped deposition pattern commonly referred to as the coffee-ring effect. We set out to measure and describe the drying kinetics under different conditions. We found that the Marangoni flow inside the droplet was too small to counteract the capillary flow that deposits CNCs at the edges, resulting in the coffee-ring effect, irrespective of the atmospheric humidity. By varying the amount of ethanol in the atmosphere, we were able to find a balance between (1) colloidal stability in the droplet, which is reduced by ethanol diffusion into the droplet, and (2) increasing Marangoni flow relative to capillary flow inside the droplet by changing the droplet surface tension. We could thus make iridescent films with a uniform thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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32. Proteomic Expression Profiling of Breast Cancer

Author

Neubauer, Hans, primary, Fehm, Tanja, additional, Schütz, Christina, additional, Speer, Runa, additional, Solomayer, Erich, additional, Schrattenholz, André, additional, Cahill, Michael A., additional, and Kurek, Raffael, additional

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38. Proteomic Expression Profiling of Breast Cancer.

Author

Schlag, P. M., Senn, H. -J., Kleihues, P., Stiefel, F., Groner, B., Wallgren, A., Rentchnik, P., Dietel, Manfred, Neubauer, Hans, Fehm, Tanja, Schütz, Christina, Speer, Runa, Solomayer, Erich, Schrattenholz, André, Cahill, Michael A., and Kurek, Raffael

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers observed in women in industrialized Western countries. The development of novel diagnostic methods and the application of modern systemic therapies have significantly optimized early detection and therapy of breast cancer. However, many patients are currently overtreated. Traditionally, tumours have been categorized on the basis of histopathological criteria. However, staining pattern and intensity of cancer cells are not sufficient to reflect the molecular events driving tumour development and progression. Therefore, new genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic techniques are applied to clinical samples aiming to identify new targets for a therapy tailored for an individual patient. After an introduction to common genomic and transcriptomic profiling technologies and their relevance for clinical use, we will focus on analytical and preanalytical applications for the identification of new therapeutic targets by protein profiling, with a special emphasis on two-dimensional gel-technologies (2D-PAGE), particularly as they apply to the study of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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40. Hard and Transparent Films Formed by Nanocellulose--TiO2 Nanoparticle Hybrids.

Author

Schütz, Christina, Sort, Jordi, Bacsik, Zoltán, Oliynyk, Vitaliy, Pellicer, Eva, Fall, Andreas, Wågberg, Lars, Berglund, Lars, Bergström, Lennart, and Salazar-Alvarez, German

Subjects
*CELLULOSE, *NANOPARTICLES, *SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, *NANOINDENTATION tests, *ELECTRON microscopy, *INFRARED spectroscopy
Abstract

The formation of hybrids of nanofibrillated cellulose and titania nanoparticles in aqueous media has been studied. Their transparency and mechanical behavior have been assessed by spectrophotometry and nanoindentation. The results show that limiting the titania nanoparticle concentration below 16 vol% yields homogeneous hybrids with a very high Young's modulus and hardness, of up to 44 GPa and 3.4 GPa, respectively, and an optical transmittance above 80%. Electron microscopy shows that higher nanoparticle contents result in agglomeration and an inhomogeneous hybrid nanostructure with a concomitant reduction of hardness and optical transmittance. Infrared spectroscopy suggests that the nanostructure of the hybrids is controlled by electrostatic adsorption of the titania nanoparticles on the negatively charged nanocellulose surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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