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The gold-endowed Larder Lake Cadillac deformation zone (LLCDZ) in the Abitibi greenstone belt of the Archean Superior Province generally trends east but swings to the southeast along the Malartic segment in Quebec. Immediately north of the LLCDZ along this segment, deformation of the less than ca. 2687 Ma metasedimentary Cadillac Group began with the formation of isoclinal [F.sub.1] folds, which are overprinted by post-2676 [+ ou -] 2.0 Ma regional [F.sub.2] folds with an axial planar [S.sub.2] cleavage oriented parallel to the trend of the Malartic segment. Auriferous quartz veins strike east-west (085[degrees]) anticlockwise to bedding and [S.sub.2]. They are folded into sigmoidal S-shaped folds due to sinistral shear parallel to bedding. Later dextral shearing segmented the veins and folded the [F.sub.2] folds into Z-shaped [F.sub.3] folds. The veins are similar in structural chronology, fluid isotopic composition (calculated [Please download the PDF to view the formula] value between-9.5[per thousand] and-3.4[per thousand] and [Please download the PDF to view the formula] values of 12[per thousand]), and isotopic re-equilibration temperatures (469 and 498 [degrees]C, quartz-biotite oxygen thermometer) to the veins at the nearby Canadian Malartic deposit to the east. They possess comparable Au-As-Sb association and sericite-arsenopyrite alteration halo, as other Cadillac-Group-hosted veins at the Lapa mine to the west. Collectively, they constitute a vein field that extends across the entire length of the Malartic segment. Contrary to recent interpretations of the Malartic segment as an early accretionary structure that controlled the emplacement of gold deposits, its southeast trend is interpreted as the short limb of a broad Z-shaped flexure that formed during later [F.sub.3] folding of the LLCDZ. Key words: gold deposit, Malartic, Cadillac goup, Larder Lake Cadillac deformation Zone, Abitibi greenstone belt La zone de déformation aurifère de Larder Lake Cadillac (ZDLLC) dans la ceinture de roches vertes de l'Abitibi de la province archéenne du Supérieur s'étend généralement d'ouest en est, mais bifurque vers le sud-est le long de son tronçon de Malartic, au Québec. Immédiatement au nord de la ZDLLC le long de ce tronçon, la déformation du Groupe métasédimentaire de Cadillac, de < 2687 Ma environ, a commencé avec la formation de plis isoclinaux [F.sub.1], sur lesquels se sont surimposés, après 2676 [+ ou -] 2,0 Ma, des plis régionaux [F.sub.2] associés à un clivage de plan axial [S.sub.2] de direction parallèle à l'orientation du tronçon de Malartic. Des filons de quartz aurifères sont orientés est-ouest (085[degrees]), antihoraires par rapport au litage et à [S.sub.2]. Ils sont déformés en des plis sigmoïdaux en S résultant d'un cisaillement senestre parallèle au litage. Un cisaillement dextre subséquent a segmenté les filons et replié les plis [F.sub.2] en des plis [F.sub.3] en Z. Les filons sont semblables sur le plan de la chronologie structurale, de la composition isotopique des fluides (valeur calculée de [Please download the PDF to view the formula] de-9,5 à-3,4 [per thousand] et valeurs de [Please download the PDF to view the formula] de 12 [per thousand]) et des températures de rééquilibration isotopique (469 et 498 [degrees]C, thermomètre basé sur l'oxygène dans le quartz et la biotite) aux filons dans le gisement Canadian Malartic non loin à l'est. Ils présentent une association Au-As-Sb et un halo d'altération à séricite-arsénopyrite semblables à d'autres filons dans le Groupe de Cadillac observés à la mine Lapa à l'ouest. Collectivement, ils constituent un champ filonien qui s'étend sur toute la longueur du tronçon de Malartic. Contrairement à des interprétations récentes du tronçon de Malartic comme étant une structure accrétionnaire précoce ayant contrôlé la mise en place de gisements aurifères, son orientation sud-est nous amène à l'interpréter comme étant le flan court d'une large flexure en Z qui s'est formée durant le plissement [F.sub.3] tardif de la ZDLLC. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés: gisement aurifère, Malartic, Groupe de Cadillac, zone de déformation de Larder Lake Cadillac, ceinture de roches vertes de l'Abitibi, Introduction The Larder Lake Cadillac deformation zone (LLCDZ) is one of two major deformation zones in the southern Abitibi greenstone belt of the Archean Superior Province. It has long been [...]

Background: The biologics derived from human amniotic membranes (AMs) demonstrate potential pain-inhibitory effects in clinical settings. However, the molecular basis underlying this therapeutic effect remains elusive. HC-HA/PTX3 is a unique water-soluble regenerative matrix that is purified from human AMs. We examined whether HC-HA/PTX3 can modulate the gene networks and transcriptional signatures in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons transmitting peripheral sensory inputs to the spinal cord. Methods: We conducted bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of mouse DRG neurons after treating them with HC-HA/PTX3 (15 µg/mL) for 10 min and 24 h in culture. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the limma package, and Gene Ontology (GO) and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analyses were conducted to identify the networks of pain-related genes. Western blotting and in vitro calcium imaging were used to examine the protein levels and signaling of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) in DRG neurons. Results: Compared to the vehicle-treated group, 24 h treatment with HC-HA/PTX3 induced 2047 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were centered on the ATPase activity, receptor–ligand activity, and extracellular matrix pathways. Importantly, PPI analysis revealed that over 50 of these DEGs are closely related to pain and analgesia. Notably, HC-HA/PTX3 increased the expression and signaling pathway of POMC, which may affect opioid analgesia. Conclusions: HC-HA/PTX3 induced profound changes in the gene expression in DRG neurons, centered around various neurochemical mechanisms associated with pain modulation. Our findings suggest that HC-HA/PTX3 may be an important biological active component in human AMs that partly underlies its pain inhibitory effect, presenting a new strategy for pain treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a worldwide prevalence of 1-2%. In low-resource environments, in particular, early identification and diagnosis is a significant challenge. Therefore, there is a great demand for 'language-free, culturally fair' low-cost screening tools for ASD that do not require highly trained professionals. Electroencephalography (EEG) has seen growing interest as an investigational tool for biomarker development in ASD and neurodevelopmental disorders. One of the key challenges is the identification of appropriate multivariate, next-generation analytical methodologies that can characterise the complex, nonlinear dynamics of neural networks in the brain, mindful of technical and demographic confounders that may influence biomarker findings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the robustness of recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) as a potential biomarker for ASD using a systematic methodological exploration of a range of potential technical and demographic confounders.MethodsRQA feature extraction was performed on continuous 5-second segments of resting state EEG (rsEEG) data and linear and nonlinear classifiers were tested. Data analysis progressed from a full sample of 16 ASD and 46 typically developing (TD) individuals (age 0-18 years, 4802 EEG segments), to a subsample of 16 ASD and 19 TD children (age 0-6 years, 1874 segments), to an age-matched sample of 7 ASD and 7 TD children (age 2-6 years, 666 segments) to prevent sample bias and to avoid misinterpretation of the classification results attributable to technical and demographic confounders. A clinical scenario of diagnosing an unseen subject was simulated using a leave-one-subject-out classification approach.ResultsIn the age-matched sample, leave-one-subject-out classification with a nonlinear support vector machine classifier showed 92.9% accuracy, 100% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity in differentiating ASD from TD. Age, sex, intellectual ability and the number of training and test segments per group were identified as possible demographic and technical confounders. Consistent repeatability, i.e. the correct identification of all segments per subject, was found to be a challenge.ConclusionsRQA of rsEEG was an accurate classifier of ASD in an age-matched sample, suggesting the potential of this approach for global screening in ASD. However, this study also showed experimentally how a range of technical challenges and demographic confounders can skew results, and highlights the importance of probing for these in future studies. We recommend validation of this methodology in a large and well-matched sample of infants and children, preferably in a low- and middle-income setting.

PURPOSE: To assess the extent of inferior fornix shortening in conjunctivochalasis (CCh) and to evaluate whether fornix deepening reconstruction can restore the fornix tear reservoir in patients with CCh. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective review of five patients (3 unilateral and 2 bilateral eyes, total 7 eyes) with CCh who underwent fornix deepening reconstruction with conjunctival recession and amniotic membrane transplantation. Postsurgical outcome measures included changes in fornix depth with correlation to basal tear volumes, symptoms, corneal staining, and conjunctival inflammation. RESULTS: For the three patients with unilateral surgery, both the fornix depth (8.3 ± 1.5 mm) and wetting length (9.3 ± 8.5 mm) of the operative eyes were less than the fellow eyes (10.3 ± 1.5 mm and 10.3 ± 8.5 mm, respectively). At 5.3 ± 2.7 months (range 1.7-8.7) postoperatively, the fornix depth increased significantly by 2.0 ± 1.1 mm (P = 0.02). Deepening of the fornix depth was accompanied by overwhelming symptomatic relief (91.5%) that could be subdivided into complete relief (87.5%) and partial relief (4%) of symptoms, with blurred vision being the most notably relieved symptom (P = 0.03). Furthermore, superficial punctate keratitis and conjunctival inflammation were significantly improved at follow-up (P = 0.008 and 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Deepening of the fornix to restore the tear reservoir is an important surgical objective that may change the tear hydrodynamic state to provide a stable tear film and improve outcomes in CCh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]