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Copyright of General Practitioner / Praktický Lékař is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

402 subjects with diabetes mellitus have been vaccinated of the total of 34,000 vaccinees immunized during the study period of 9 and half months. Altogether 229 diabetic patients (56.97%) have been vaccinated'against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and 74 (18.4%) against viral hepatitis (41 types A+B, 30 type A, 3 type B). The average age in four most commonly administered vaccines (FSME IMMUN 0.5 ML, Twinrix Adult, Typhim Vi, and Havrix 1440) was 65, 52, 56, and 54 years, respectively. Live attenuated vaccines have been given to 6 patients with diabetes (1.49%)--- 5 travellers to endemic countries received the yellow fever vaccine Stamaril (1 female, 4 male) and one male patient varicella vaccine Varilrix. Among the least common vaccines in diabetic patients were those against invasive pneumococcal and meningococcal infections. Not a single unexpected side effect has been observed following the vaccination procedure in any diabetic patient. Based on the results of this retrospective study we can conclude that vaccination in diabetic patients is free of any ri-k- provided that there are no other contraindications, e.g. allergy to vaccine components or severe acute febrile illness. In the case of unstable glycaemia and significantly impaired immune system due to diabetes mellitus, vaccination with live attenuated vaccines should be carefully considered and measured against the risks of exposure to each and every specific infectious agent. There is no reason to be afraid of vaccination in diabetic patients provided that general contraindications are respected. On the contrary, this risk group can benefit from vaccination more remarkably since it may have some life-saving potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Germline genetic variation contributes to lung cancer (LC) susceptibility. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have implicated susceptibility loci involved in smoking behaviors and DNA repair genes, but further work is required to identify susceptibility variants., Methods: To identify LC susceptibility loci, a family history-based genome-wide association by proxy (GWAx) of LC (48 843 European proxy LC patients, 195 387 controls) was combined with a previous LC GWAS (29 266 patients, 56 450 controls) by meta-analysis. Colocalization was used to explore candidate genes and overlap with existing traits at discovered susceptibility loci. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were tested within an independent validation cohort (1 666 LC patients vs 6 664 controls) using variants selected from the LC susceptibility loci and a novel selection approach using published GWAS summary statistics. Finally, the effects of the LC PRS on somatic mutational burden were explored in patients whose tumor resections have been profiled by exome (n = 685) and genome sequencing (n = 61). Statistical tests were 2-sided., Results: The GWAx-GWAS meta-analysis identified 8 novel LC loci. Colocalization implicated DNA repair genes (CHEK1), metabolic genes (CYP1A1), and smoking propensity genes (CHRNA4 and CHRNB2). PRS analysis demonstrated that these variants, as well as subgenome-wide significant variants related to expression quantitative trait loci and/or smoking propensity, assisted in LC genetic risk prediction (odds ratio = 1.37, 95% confidence interval = 1.29 to 1.45; P < .001). Patients with higher genetic PRS loads of smoking-related variants tended to have higher mutation burdens in their lung tumors., Conclusions: This study has expanded the number of LC susceptibility loci and provided insights into the molecular mechanisms by which these susceptibility variants contribute to LC development., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Transcatheter renal denervation (RDN) has been markedly applied and developed in clinical practice in past five years and not only for patients with resistant hypertension. The issue that more than 50% patients with so-called resistant hypertension are in fact patients without adherence to this type of mediation has not been resolved in RDN trials till now. The study Symplicity HTN-3 showed no differences in blood pressure change between the patients with RDN and group of patients after false procedure who continued in their drug therapy. Future of RDN is more than questionable and there is a need to return to animal studies that will verify the real effectiveness of RDN, subsequently, will redefine population of patients indicated for RDN and confirm the applicability of newly developed techniques.

The general relationship between cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) and alcohol drinking is established. Nevertheless, it is uncertain whether different types of alcoholic beverages (wine, beer and liquor) carry different UADT cancer risks. Our study included 2,001 UADT cancer cases and 2,125 controls from 14 centres in 10 European countries. All cases were histologically or cytologically confirmed squamous cell carcinomas. Controls were frequency matched by sex, age and centre. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 %CI) adjusted for age, sex, centre, education level, vegetable and fruit intake, tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, where appropriate. Risk of beverage-specific alcohol consumption were calculated among 'pure drinker' who consumed one beverage type exclusively, among 'predominant drinkers' who consumed one beverage type to more than 66 % and among 'mixed drinkers' who consumed more than one beverage type to similar proportions. Compared to never drinkers and adjusted for cumulative alcohol consumption, the OR and 95 %CI for wine, beer and liquor drinking, respectively, were 1.24 (0.86, 1.78), 1.54 (1.05, 2.27) and 0.94 (0.53, 1.64) among 'pure drinkers' (p value for heterogeneity across beverage types = 0.306), 1.05 (0.76,1.47), 1.25 (0.87,1.79) and 1.43 (0.95, 2.16) among 'predominant drinkers' (p value = 0.456), and 1.09 (0.79, 1.50), 1.20 (0.88, 1.63) and 1.12 (0.82, 1.53) among 'mixed drinkers' (p value = 0.889). Risk of UADT cancer increased with increasing consumption of all three alcohol beverage types. Our findings underscore the strong and comparable carcinogenic effect of ethanol in wine, beer and liquor on organs of the UADT.