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3. Development of a method for generating SNP interaction-aware polygenic risk scores for radiotherapy toxicity

Author

Lievens, Yolande, van Eijkeren, Marc, Monten, Christel, De Neve, Wilfried, Peeters, Stephanie, Weltens, Caroline, Defraene, Gilles, van Limberghen, Erik, Briers, Erik, Bourgier, Celine, Draghici, Roxana, Bons, Francoise, Blaschke, Thomas, Weiß, Christian, Helmbold, Irmgard, Weißenberger, Christian, Stegmaier, Petra, Claßen, Johannes, Giesche, Ulrich, Sautter-Bihl, Marie-Luise, Neu, Burkhard, Schnabel, Thomas, Ehmann, Michael, Gauter-Fleckenstein, Benjamin, Schäfer, Jörg, Giandini, Tommaso, Franceschini, Marzia, Sangalli, Claudia, Morlino, Sara, Lozza, Laura, De Santis, Maria C., Pietro, Gabriele, Delmastro, Elena, Garibaldi, Elisabetta, Cicchetti, Alessandro, Piqué-Leiva, Bibiana, Molla, Meritxel, Giraldo, Alexandra, Ramos, Monica, Lobato-Busto, Ramon, Torrado Moya, Laura, Dominguez-Rios, Isabel, Fajardo-Paneque, Irene, Calvo-Crespo, Patricia, Carballo, Ana, Peleteiro, Paula, Olivia-Fuentes-Rios, Gomez-Caamano, Antonio, Harrop, Victoria, Payne, Debbie, Keni, Manjusha, Symonds, Paul R., Lavers, Samuel, Wright, Simon, Thiagarajan, Sridhar, Aznar-Garcia, Luis, Kancherla, Kiran, Kent, Christopher, Vasanthan, Subramaniam, Appleton, Donna, Kaushik, Monika, Kenny, Frances, Khout, Hazem, Krupa, Jaroslaw, Lambert, Kelly V., Pilgrim, Simon, Shokuhi, Sheila, Valassiadou, Kalliope, Bioangiu, Ion, Sampson, Kufre, Osman, Ahmed, Faivre-Finn, Corinne, Foweraker, Karen, Pascoe, Abigail, Esler, Claire P., Ward, Tim, Higginson, Daniel S., Green, Sheryl, Franco, Nicola Rares, Massi, Michela Carlotta, Ieva, Francesca, Manzoni, Andrea, Paganoni, Anna Maria, Zunino, Paolo, Veldeman, Liv, Ost, Piet, Fonteyne, Valérie, Talbot, Christopher J., Rattay, Tim, Webb, Adam, Johnson, Kerstie, Lambrecht, Maarten, Haustermans, Karin, De Meerleer, Gert, de Ruysscher, Dirk, Vanneste, Ben, Van Limbergen, Evert, Choudhury, Ananya, Elliott, Rebecca M., Sperk, Elena, Veldwijk, Marlon R., Herskind, Carsten, Avuzzi, Barbara, Noris Chiorda, Barbara, Valdagni, Riccardo, Azria, David, Farcy-Jacquet, Marie-Pierre, Brengues, Muriel, Rosenstein, Barry S., Stock, Richard G., Vega, Ana, Aguado-Barrera, Miguel E., Sosa-Fajardo, Paloma, Dunning, Alison M., Fachal, Laura, Kerns, Sarah L., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Seibold, Petra, West, Catharine M.L., and Rancati, Tiziana

Published
2021
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4. Enhancing fire safety and thermal performance: Wood composites with bio‐based phase change materials and fire retardants for building applications.

Author

Grzybek, Jakub, Nazari, Meysam, Jebrane, Mohamed, Terziev, Nasko, Petutschnigg, Alexander, and Schnabel, Thomas

Subjects
PHASE change materials, FIREPROOFING agents, ENGINEERED wood, FIRE prevention, ENTHALPY, LINSEED oil, FIRE resistant polymers
Abstract

This work explores the elaboration of wood particle‐based composites incorporating bio‐based phase change materials, with epoxidized linseed oil or clay as a binder. Fire performance evaluation of the novel composites includes an assessment to determine the impact of the addition of boric acid as a fire retardant, as well as the incorporation of recycled paper fibres containing boric acid, and the application of trimethoxymethylsilane coating. The study employs thermogravimetric analysis and cone calorimetry under uniform external irradiance, with a T‐history method to analyse thermal behaviour. Results indicated that fire retardants do not compromise the energy functionality of bio‐based phase change material composites, exhibiting a latent heat of approximately 50 J/g. The density ranges from 750 to 875 kg/m3. The use of clay as a binder improves fire performance, leading to a 60% decrease in total heat release and 52% of the composite mass remaining after analysis. Although enhancing fire performance presents challenges, incorporating wood particles in clay demonstrates a promising potential approach for safe use in building applications, contributing to energy efficiency in indoor heating and cooling. The findings contribute valuable insights into these materials for creating safer and more efficient building solutions, particularly in terms of thermal regulation and fire safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Bio-based phase change material for enhanced building energy efficiency: A study of beech and thermally modified beech wood for wall structures

Author

Grzybek, Jakub, Nazari, Meysam, Jebrane, Mohamed, Terziev, Nasko, Tippner, Jan, Petutschnigg, Alexander, Schnabel, Thomas, Grzybek, Jakub, Nazari, Meysam, Jebrane, Mohamed, Terziev, Nasko, Tippner, Jan, Petutschnigg, Alexander, and Schnabel, Thomas

Abstract

This study investigated the impregnation of beech and thermally modified beech (TMB) with a ternary mixture of capric acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid as a bio-based phase change material (BPCM). Finite element method (FEM) was used to complement the experimental analysis by providing new insights into computational methods for simulating the behavior of BPCMs in untreated and TMB. The analyzed specimens namely beech and TMB were impregnated with BPCM; the TMB achieved 54% weight percentage gain (WPG) while untreated beech got 37%. Accordingly, a greater increase in the latent heat was obtained for TMB up to 90 J/g, while for untreated beech with BPCM up to 75 J/g. Impregnated specimens absorbed less moisture at relative humidity of air above 50%, likely caused by the high uptake and hydrophobic nature of the BPCM. The study highlights the research gap in performing mathematical simulations on wood samples with BPCM using material thermal properties derived from differential scanning calorimetry or T-History analysis. It shows that the direct use of these values for simulations leads to unacceptable outputs that result in high errors. The root mean square error for untreated and TMB samples impregnated with BPCM was in the range from 1.06 to 3.1 while that for untreated samples was in the range from 0.57 to 0.87, indicating that the main challenge in simulating and characterizing the samples is due to the interaction of the phase change material with the wood structure.

Published
2024

6. Counting people from above: Airborne video based crowd analysis

Author

Perko, Roland, Schnabel, Thomas, Fritz, Gerald, Almer, Alexander, and Paletta, Lucas

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Crowd monitoring and analysis in mass events are highly important technologies to support the security of attending persons. Proposed methods based on terrestrial or airborne image/video data often fail in achieving sufficiently accurate results to guarantee a robust service. We present a novel framework for estimating human count, density and motion from video data based on custom tailored object detection techniques, a regression based density estimate and a total variation based optical flow extraction. From the gathered features we present a detailed accuracy analysis versus ground truth measurements. In addition, all information is projected into world coordinates to enable a direct integration with existing geo-information systems. The resulting human counts demonstrate a mean error of 4% to 9% and thus represent a most efficient measure that can be robustly applied in security critical services., Comment: Part of the OAGM/AAPR 2013 proceedings (arXiv:1304.1876)

Published
2013

8. REQUITE: A prospective multicentre cohort study of patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast, lung or prostate cancer

Author

Lievens, Yolande, van Eijkeren, Marc, Vandecasteele, Katrien, Elhamin, Elhaseen, Ost, Piet, Fonteyne, Valérie, Swimberghe, Martijn, Deseyne, Pieter, De Neve, Wilfried, Duprez, Fréderic, Mareel, Marcus, Monten, Chris, Van Greveling, Annick, Vercauteren, Tom, Paelinck, Leen, Defraene, Gilles, Aerts, Rita, Arredouani, Soumia, Lambrecht, Maarten, Vanneste, Ben, Draghici, Roxana, Giordano, Frank, Herskind, Carsten, Veldwijk, Marlon, Helmbold, Irmgard, Giesche, Ulrich, Stegmaier, Petra, Weiß, Christian, Blaschke, Thomas, Neu, Burkhard, Lozza, Laura, Avuzzi, Barbara, Morlino, Sara, Sangalli, Claudia, Franceschini, Marzia, Rodriguez-Lage, Belina, Fernández-Tajes, Juan, Fuentes-Rios, Olivia, Domínguez-Rios, Isabel, Fajardo-Paneque, Irene, Sosa-Fajardo, Paloma, Torrado-Moya, Laura, Ramos-Albiac, Mónica, Giraldo, Alexandra, Altabas, Manolo, Piqué-Leiva, Bibiana, García-Relancio, David, Seoane-Ramallo, Alejandro, Lavers, Samuel, Wright, Simon, Dobbelaere, Hannah, Appleton, Donna, Kaushik, Monika, Kenny, Frances, Khout, Hazem, Krupa, Jaroslaw, Lambert, Kelly V., Pilgrim, Simon, Shokuhi, Sheila, Valassiadou, Kalliope, Aznar-Garcia, Luis, Boiangui, Ion, Kancherla, Kiran, Kent, Christopher, Sampson, Kufre, Osman, Ahmed, Sridhar, Thiagarajan, Vasanthan, Subramaniam, Faivre-Finn, Corinne, Harrop, Victoria, Keni, Manjusha, Foweraker, Karen, Pascoe, Abigail, Esler, Claire, Stock, Richard, Green, Sheryl, Golchin, Ava, Li, William, Seibold, Petra, Webb, Adam, Aguado-Barrera, Miguel E., Azria, David, Bourgier, Celine, Brengues, Muriel, Briers, Erik, Bultijnck, Renée, Calvo-Crespo, Patricia, Carballo, Ana, Choudhury, Ananya, Cicchetti, Alessandro, Claßen, Johannes, Delmastro, Elena, Dunning, Alison M., Elliott, Rebecca M., Fachal, Laura, Farcy-Jacquet, Marie-Pierre, Gabriele, Pietro, Garibaldi, Elisabetta, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Gutiérrez-Enríquez, Sara, Higginson, Daniel S., Johnson, Kerstie, Lobato-Busto, Ramón, Mollà, Meritxell, Müller, Anusha, Payne, Debbie, Peleteiro, Paula, Post, Giselle, Rancati, Tiziana, Rattay, Tim, Reyes, Victoria, Rosenstein, Barry S., De Ruysscher, Dirk, De Santis, Maria Carmen, Schäfer, Jörg, Schnabel, Thomas, Sperk, Elena, Symonds, R. Paul, Stobart, Hilary, Taboada-Valladares, Begoña, Talbot, Christopher J., Valdagni, Riccardo, Vega, Ana, Veldeman, Liv, Ward, Tim, Weißenberger, Christian, West, Catharine M.L., and Chang-Claude, Jenny

Published
2019
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14. Douglas fir bark: composition, extracts utilization and enzymatic treatment for enrichment of bioactive constituents.

Author

Sommerauer, Lukas, Konkler, Matthew, Presley, Gerald, Schnabel, Thomas, Petutschnigg, Alexander, and Hinterstoisser, Barbara

Subjects
DOUGLAS fir, TERPENES, INDUSTRIAL wastes, BETA-glucosidase, PHENOLS, EXTRACTS
Abstract

Bark residues from Douglas fir are an abundant resource that is currently used primarily in low-value energy recovery or is landfilled. Bark extractives are rich in diverse compounds like terpenes, fatty acids, phenols, and sugars with potential uses in a variety of high value applications. The study explores the potential of enzymatic hydrolysis to improve phenolic compounds from Douglas fir bark. It also assesses differences in chemical composition among rhytidome, phloem, and comingled bark fractions from an industrial waste pile. Phloem fractions exhibit higher yields of extractives, rhytidome fractions have elevated lignin levels, while the comingled fraction lies between the two except in ash content which was higher than in the separated fractions. Fungal decay tests with Gloeophyllum trabeum and Coniophora puteana on extract treated wood suggest potential for growth inhibition in extracts, about 58–31 % and 30–7% mass loss (in average) respectively, but due to high mass loss at low concentrations an enzymatic modification approach seems crucial for enhanced inhibition. Growth responses in whole-cell fermentation approach display variability depending on the participating microorganisms. Enzymatic hydrolysis with beta-glucosidase improved the antioxidant properties of bark extracts and holds promise for altering the chemical composition and enhancing bioactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Mind the Gap! Automated Anomaly Detection for Potentially Unbounded Cardinality-Based Feature Models

Author

Weckesser, Markus, Lochau, Malte, Schnabel, Thomas, Richerzhagen, Björn, Schürr, Andy, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Stevens, Perdita, editor, and Wąsowski, Andrzej, editor

Published
2016
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21. Comparative investigation of chemical and structural properties of charred fir wood samples by Raman and FTIR spectroscopy as well as X-ray-micro-CT technology

Author

Ebner, David Hans, Tortora, Mariagrazia, Bedolla, Diana E., Saccomano, Giulia, Vaccari, Lisa, Barbu, Marius-Catalin, Grzybek, Jakub, Schnabel, Thomas, Ebner, David Hans, Tortora, Mariagrazia, Bedolla, Diana E., Saccomano, Giulia, Vaccari, Lisa, Barbu, Marius-Catalin, Grzybek, Jakub, and Schnabel, Thomas

Abstract

Wood surface charring is a treatment method commonly employed to enhance weather protection and aesthetic appearance of building exteriors. This study aims to investigate the differences between two wood surface charring processes: the traditional Japanese method known as Yakisugi and an alternative charring technique industrially manufactured with a gas burner. The objective of the study was to assess whether a thicker layer after Yakisugi treatment has any advantages over a thinner layer after the alternative process. Vibrational spectroscopy techniques including UV resonance Raman (UVRR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, were utilized in conjunction with X-ray-micro-CT analysis. The findings revealed that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy detected the degradation of carbohydrates and changes in lignin within the charred surface, although both processes exhibited similar vibrational contributions. In contrast, UVRR spectroscopy provided insights into the carbonized layers, revealing spectral differences indicating variations in temperature during the charring processes. X-ray micro-CT analysis visually highlighted significant differences in the coal layers, suggesting distinct combustion profiles. Remarkably, the macrostructure of wood treated with Yakisugi remained intact despite a thicker charred layer compared to the alternative charring techniques. However, further investigations are required to assess the weather stability of the alternative charring method for a comprehensive understanding., info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Published
2023

25. Airborne Based High Performance Crowd Monitoring for Security Applications

Author

Perko, Roland, Schnabel, Thomas, Fritz, Gerald, Almer, Alexander, Paletta, Lucas, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Kämäräinen, Joni-Kristian, editor, and Koskela, Markus, editor

Published
2013
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26. »Der totale Kriegseinsatz ist hier schon längst zum Teufel«

Author

Schnabel, Thomas

Subjects
943 Geschichte Deutschlands
Abstract

Das Deutsche Reich kapitulierte am 8. Mai 1945 erst, als fast ganz Deutschland durch alliierte Truppen besetzt worden war und Adolf Hitler sich zuvor durch Selbstmord der Verantwortung entzogen hatte. Allerdings war der totale Kriegseinsatz der meisten Deutschen schon seit Monaten längst zum Teufel, wie der Freiburger Oberbürgermeister Kerber in einer internen Besprechung Anfang 1945 ausführte. Am Beispiel Freiburgs lässt sich nach der Zerstörung weiter Teile der Innenstadt durch den britischen Luftangrif vom 27. November 1944 zeigen, wie es dem NS-System immer weniger gelang, die Menschen von der eigenen Politik zu überzeugen. Zwar kam es zu keinem aktiven Widerstand und einige wenige glaubten immer noch an die angekündigten Wunderwaffen, aber die meisten Menschen versuchten nur noch, das eigene Leben zu retten. Durch die gute archivalische Überlieferung lässt sich zeigen, wie die Stadtverwaltung immer weniger in der Lage war, ein geordnetes Leben aufrecht zu erhalten und die Menschen zu schützen und zu versorgen. Immerhin blieben der Stadt sinnlose Kämpfe beim Einmarsch der Franzosen weitgehend erspart.

Published
2023
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29. Hybrid chemical bath deposition-CdS/sputter-Zn(O,S) alternative buffer for Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 based solar cells.

Author

Kogler, Willi, Schnabel, Thomas, Ahlswede, Erik, Taskesen, Teoman, Gütay, Levent, Hauschild, Dirk, Weinhardt, Lothar, Heske, Clemens, Seeger, Jasmin, Hetterich, Michael, and Powalla, Michael

Subjects
*COPPER-zinc alloys, *SOLAR cells, *SILICON solar cells, *X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, *SPUTTER deposition, *BUFFER layers, *OPEN-circuit voltage
Abstract

To replace the conventionally used CdS buffers in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) based thin-film solar cells, sputtered Zn(O,S) buffer layers have been investigated. Zn(O,S) layers with three different [O]/([O] + [S]) ratios (0.4, 0.7, and 0.8)—and a combination of Zn(O,S) and CdS ("hybrid buffer layer") were studied. In comparison to the CdS reference, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the Zn(O,S)-buffered devices increases in the short- and long-wavelength regions of the spectrum. However, the average EQE ranges below that of the CdS reference, and the devices show a low open-circuit voltage (VOC). By adding a very thin CdS layer (5 nm) between the absorber and the Zn(O,S) buffer, the VOC loss is completely avoided. Using thicker intermediate CdS layers result in a further device improvement, with VOC values above those of the CdS reference. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements suggest that the thin CdS layer prevents damage to the absorber surface during the sputter deposition of the Zn(O,S) buffer. With the hybrid buffer configuration, a record VOC deficit, i.e., a minimum difference between bandgap energy Eg (divided by the elementary charge q) and VOC (Eg/q – VOC) of 519 mV could be obtained, i.e., the lowest value reported for kesterite solar cells to date. Thus, the hybrid buffer configuration is a promising approach to overcome one of the main bottlenecks of kesterite-based solar cells, while simultaneously also reducing the amount of cadmium needed in the device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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32. A Tourism Information System for Rural Areas Based on a Multi Platform Concept

Author

Almer, Alexander, Schnabel, Thomas, Stelzl, Harald, Stieg, Jörg, Luley, Patrick, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Carswell, James D., editor, and Tezuka, Taro, editor

Published
2006
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35. SIMULATION-BASED PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF IMPREGNATED WOOD WITH PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT TIMBER STRUCTURES.

Author

GRZYBEK, Jakub, MEFFERT, Philipp, PETUTSCHNIGG, Alexander, and SCHNABEL, Thomas

Subjects
HEAT storage, PHASE change materials, WOOD, ENERGY consumption, CONSTRUCTION materials
Abstract

Organic phase change materials (PCMs) offer a promising approach to improving the energy efficiency and sustainability of buildings. Impregnating wood with PCMs presents the opportunity for its application in building construction to reduce energy consumption for heating and cooling of indoor spaces. In this study, the process of solid wood impregnation with PCMs was conducted, along with the characterisation of their thermal properties. To define an optimal melting point and quantity to be incorporated into test cubes exposed outdoors for long term in Kuchl (Austria), a digital model was used to simulate beech and spruce that were impregnated with PCMs featuring two differing melting points. The results show that incorporating PCM into walls and floor can potentially reduce summer overheating by up to 48%. This effect is achieved using a building design that includes wood impregnated with PCM with a lower melting point of around 21℃. However, the building design and use of the employed PCMs do not reduce energy consumption for heating during winter. The results show that the performance is strongly dependent on the melting point of the PCM and its quantity in the building. These findings contribute to improving the design of the experimental test cube with impregnated wood and highlight the challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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46. Analysis of the deformation of wood during the drying process: an experimental approach

Author

Huber, Hermann, Wimmer, Thomas, Schnabel, Thomas, and Petutschnigg, Alexander

Subjects
Lumber -- Drying, Business, Forest products industry
Abstract

ABSTRACT Deformations in samples can tell us more about internal stress in wood due to the drying process. This study deals with an approach to model and simulate the realistic [...]

Published
2015

47. Electron beam irradiation of wood: an experimental parameter study

Author

Huber, Hermann and Schnabel, Thomas

Subjects
Larch -- Analysis, Softwood -- Analysis, Ionizing radiation -- Analysis, Polymers -- Properties, Business, Forest products industry
Abstract

ABSTRACT Surface modification by electron beam irradiation is one of the most advanced industrial and scientific techniques for improving surface properties of a polymer. This modification process may beneficially influence [...]

Published
2015

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