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The aim of the National Cancer Registry (NCR) in Luxembourg is to collect data about cancer and the quality of cancer treatment. To obtain high quality data that can be compared with other registries or countries, the NCR follows international coding standards and rules, such as the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O). These standards are extensive and complex, which complicates the data collection process. The operators, i.e. the people in charge of this process, are often confronted with situations where data is missing or contradictory, preventing the application of the provided guidelines. To assist in their effort, the coding experts of the NCR answer coding questions asked by operators. This assistance.is time consuming for experts. To help reduce this burden on experts and to facilitate the operators’ task, this project aims at implementing a coding assistant that would answer coding questions. From a scientific point of view, this thesis tackles the problem of extracting the information from a set of data sources under a given set of rules and guidelines. Case-based reasoning has been chosen as the method for solving this problem given its similarity with the reasoning process of the coding experts. The method designed to solve this problem relies on arguments provided by coding experts in the context of previously solved problems. This document presents how these arguments are used to identify similar problems and to explain the computed solution to both operators and coding experts. A preliminary evaluation has assessed the designed method and has highlighted key areas to improve. While this work focused on cancer registries and medical coding, this method could be generalized to other domains., Le but du Registre National du Cancer (RNC) du Luxembourg est de collecter des données sur le cancer et la qualité des traitements au Luxembourg. Afin d’obtenir des données de haute qualité et comparables avec celles d’autres registres ou pays, le RNC suit les règles et standards internationaux de codification comme la Classification International des Maladies pour l’Oncologie (COM-O). Ces standards sont complexes et considérables, compliquant fortement le processus de collecte des données. Les encodeurs en charge de la collecte des données sont souvent confrontés à des situations dans lesquelles des données sont manquantes ou contradictoires, les empêchant d’appliquer les règles fournies. Pour les aider dans leur tâche, les exports de codification du RNC répondent aux questions de codage des encodeurs. Cependant, ces réponses requièrent beaucoup de temps des experts. Le but de ce projet est de réduire le temps d’expert nécessaire et de faciliter le travail des encodeurs. D’un point de vue scientifique, cette thèse s’intéresse au problème de synthèse d’informations à partir d’un ensemble de données provenant de différentes sources avec des contraintes et recommandations à respecter. Le raisonnement à partir de cas est utilisé pour résoudre ce problème car cette méthodologie ressemble à cette employée par les experts. La méthode de résolution conçue utilise des arguments fournis par les experts de codification dans le cadre de questions posées précédemment par les encodeurs. Ce document décrit comment ces arguments servent à identifier des questions similaires et à expliquer la réponse aux encodeurs et aux experts. Une évaluation préliminaire a été réalisée pour évaluer la performance de la méthode et identifier des pistes d’améliorations. Dans un premier temps, le travail produit porte sur les registres du cancers et la codification médicale, cependant l’approche est généralisable à d’autres domaines.

In this paper, the frequency response functions of rubber o-rings are investigated. A growing trend is the application of electric motors in vehicle powertrains. Electric motors exhibit a different kind of structural dynamic excitation, compared to conventional internal combustion engines. Especially the excitation frequency is multiple times higher, as in combustion engines. This increased excitation frequency is a novel requirement on materials and their modelling in simulations. For this case, a novel fixture is introduced, which constrains the rubber o-ring components in their designated conditions and which allows to perform a Transfer-Path-Analysis up to a frequency of 6.5 kHz. The evaluation of the results shows a high coherence throughout the considered frequency range, while using a high-frequency miniature shaker. The structural resonances are clearly visible and the signal noise is low. This proves the suitability of the presented fixture, in combination with the high-frequency miniature shaker. The results presented and the fixture itself serve as a basis for further work and developments.

The 960-1215 MHz frequency range in the L-band is allocated worldwide on a primary basis to the aeronautical radio navigation service (ARNS). At the World Radio Conference 2007, the frequency range 960-1164 MHz within the L-band was additionally allocated to the aeronautical mobile (route) service (AM(R)S) on a co-primary basis to allow future communication systems to share large parts of the L-band with the existing radio navigation services. The L-band digital aeronautical communications system (LDACS) will operate its air-ground (A/G) and air-to-air (A2A) data links under AM(R)S allocation in the L-band ensuring spectrum sharing without mutual harmful interference. In this paper, we propose a frequency planning methodology for the LDACS A2A data link yielding no harmful interference towards the legacy systems operating in the L-band. We also assess the feasibility of the LDACS A2A frequency planning in the north-east coast of North America, the North Atlantic Corridor, and western Europe. Our results indicate that LDACS A2A can operate in the 960-1164 MHz frequency range without affecting the proper operation of the legacy systems. Whilst the available spectrum is maximized in oceanic airspace and reduced in continental airspace, LDACS A2A can employ numerous frequency channels in most locations. The lower part of the L-band presents the most promising results, as LDACS A2A can operate there in any considered location. In fact, the lowest frequencies can be used anywhere in the considered region, which might allow LDACS A2A to have a globally available frequency channel for its operation.

Heutige Produktions- und Konsummuster folgen weitgehend einer linearen Logik: abbauen, herstellen, konsumieren, entsorgen. Nur neun Prozent der Weltwirtschaft sind laut Circular Gap Report 2020 kreislaufgef��hrt. Doch dieses Wirtschaftsprinzip tr��gt zu einer massiven ��berschreitung der ���Planetaren Grenzen��� und damit zu einer Destabilisierung der ��kosysteme und Lebensgrundlage der Menschen bei, wie etwa des Klimasystems und der Artenvielfalt. Demzufolge wird derzeit viel ��ber einen Paradigmenwechsel in der Logik industrieller Wertsch��pfung diskutiert ��� weg von einem ressourcenintensiven hin zu einem ressourcenproduktiven, weitgehend kreislaufgef��hrten Modell. F��r das Industrie- und Exportland Deutschland ergeben sich weitreichende Chancen, schlie��lich bedeutet dieser Wechsel nicht weniger als eine Neuinterpretation des Modells ���Made in Germany���. Die Europ��ische Union und zahlreiche Mitgliedsl��nder haben bereits strategische Pl��ne f��r einen ��bergang zu einer ressourcenschonenden Wirtschaftsweise nach den Prinzipien der Circular Economy entwickelt. Auch au��erhalb von Europa folgen L��nder dieser Leitidee, beispielsweise China, Japan oder Kanada. F��r Deutschland fehlt solch ein Plan derzeit. Die Circular Economy Initiative Deutschland (CEID) hat zum Ziel, als Multi-Stakeholder-Prozess mit mehr als f��nfzig Institutionen aus Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Zivilgesellschaft die Grundlage f��r einen solchen Plan zu legen. In interdisziplin��ren und branchen��bergreifenden Arbeitsgruppen er��rtern rund 130 Expertinnen und Experten, wie zirkul��re Wirtschaftssysteme erm��glicht und umgesetzt werden k��nnen. Dazu untersuchen sie m��gliche Anwendungsfelder und diskutieren, welche Rahmenbedingungen zu einer erfolgreichen Umsetzung f��hren k��nnten. Die Circular Economy Initiative Deutschland definiert Ziele f��r diesen Ver��nderungsprozess und fokussiert folgende Themen: - Zirkul��re Gesch��ftsmodelle und digitale Technologien als Innovationstreiber - Neue Wertsch��pfungsnetzwerke f��r Batterien und Verpackung - Rahmenbedingungen f��r eine zirkul��re Transformation und Bemessung der volkswirtschaftlichen Circular-Economy-Potenziale Zwischen Oktober 2019 und Mai 2020 hat die Arbeitsgruppe Traktionsbatterien der Circular Economy Initiative Deutschland einen Fahrplan ausgearbeitet, um eine Circular Economy f��r Traktionsbatterien ��� also Batterien, die batterieelektrische Fahrzeuge antreiben ��� zu erreichen. Der vorliegende Bericht ���Ressourcenschonende Batteriekreisl��ufe ��� mit Circular Economy die Elektromobilit��t antreiben��� ist das zentrale Ergebnis der Arbeit der Arbeitsgruppe. Er umfasst die Diskussion ��ber Potenziale, H��rden und m��gliche Zielkonflikte einer Circular Economy f��r Traktionsbatterien, die Skizzierung eines Zielbilds, die Entwicklung von Projektpl��nen dreier Pilotprojekte zur Beschleunigung des Transformationsprozesses und die Ableitung von Handlungsempfehlungen f��r die zentralen Akteure. Damit unterst��tzen die Mitglieder die Initiierung und langfristige Verankerung der Circular Economy in Deutschland und dar��ber hinaus. Die 21 Mitglieder der Arbeitsgruppe sind Vertreterinnen und Vertreter aus f��hrenden akademischen Institutionen, deutschen Unternehmen und Vereinigungen mit ausgewiesenen Expertisen zu Traktionsbatterien. Damit konnte die Arbeitsgruppe ihr Ziel erreichen, eine m��glichst gesamtheitliche Betrachtung des Themas zu gew��hrleisten., Most current patterns of production and consumption follow a linear ���extract, produce, consume, dispose��� model. According to the Circular Gap Report 2020, the global economy is just 9% circular. This economic model is contributing to a massive transgression of ���planetary boundaries��� and the destabilisation of ecosystems and factors essential to human life such as the climate system and biodiversity. As a result, there is currently much discussion of a paradigm shift in the industrial value creation model, away from a resource-intensive system and towards a resource-productive, predominantly circular model. This shift offers significant opportunities for an industrialized, exporting nation like Germany ��� ultimately, it entails nothing less than a recasting of the ���Made in Germany��� model. The European Union and several of its member states have already developed strategic plans for the transition to a resource-efficient economic system based on circular economy principles. Non-European countries such as China, Japan and Canada are also following the same fundamental approach. However, Germany has yet to formulate a plan of its own. The Circular Economy Initiative Deutschland (CEID) is a multi-stakeholder initiative involving over fifty institutions from science, industry and civil society that aims to lay the foundations of a plan for Germany. In its interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral working groups, some 130 experts consider how to enable and implement circular economic models, exploring potential fields of application and discussing the conditions that could facilitate successful implementation. The Circular Economy Initiative Deutschland is developing targets for the transition, with a focus on the following themes: - Circular business models and digital technologies as drivers for innovation - New value networks for batteries and packaging - Framework conditions for a circular transformation and assessment of circularity���s economic potential Between October 2019 and May 2020, the Circular Economy Initiative Deutschland���s Traction Batteries working group devised a roadmap for the establishment of a circular economy for traction batteries (the batteries that drive battery electric vehicles). The report ���Resource-Efficient Battery Life Cycles ��� Driving Electric Mobility with the Circular Economy��� represents the main outcome of the working group���s deliberations. It discusses the opportunities, obstacles and potential conflicts of a circular economy for traction batteries, outlines a vision, presents plans for three pilot projects to accelerate the transformation and formulates recommendations for the main actors. Through this report, the working group���s members hope to support the initiation and long-term consolidation of a circular economy in Germany and beyond. The working group���s 21 members are representatives of leading academic institutions, German businesses and organisations known for their expertise in the field of traction batteries. This composition allowed the group to achieve its goal of addressing the topic as holistically as possible.