31 results on '"School Inequality"'
Search Results
2. Are schools becoming more unequal? Insights from exploratory data mining of international large-scale assessment, TIMSS 2003-2019.
- Author
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Ali, Farhan, Ow-Yeong, Yook Kit, and Tilley, Jacqueline L.
- Subjects
- *
DATA mining , *ACADEMIC achievement , *DECOMPOSITION method , *GRADE levels - Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine how achievement varied within and between schools at different grade levels, and long-term trends in variation within and across multiple countries. We used science achievement data from five cycles of Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) from 2003 to 2019 involving 10 countries from Asia, Europe, and the United States. Employing exploratory data mining methods of variance decomposition, correlation analysis, and Gaussian mixture modeling of data distributions, we found the following: First, between-school variances generally remained consistent across two decades, suggesting that inequality between schools has not increased over time. Second, between-school variances were relatively small for elementary grade level but increased at secondary grade level, though marginally even for countries with early tracking. Third, higher-achieving schools tended to have more equal student achievement levels than lower-achieving schools, lending within-country support for the "virtuous" efficiency-equality trade-off. We further found that reduced equality within lower-achieving schools was associated with bimodality in achievement distribution. Overall, there is little evidence of inequality across schools changing over time. However, there may be evidence of increased inequalities associated with student subpopulations, particularly within lower-achieving schools, with implications on classroom instruction and school cohesion. • Large-scale assessments (2003 – 2019) used to decompose between-school and within-school achievement inequality. • Schools have not become more unequal as indicated by stable between-school achievement inequality. • Evidence of within-school achievement inequality due to bimodality in achievement distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. School-level inequality measurement based categorical data: a novel approach applied to PISA.
- Author
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Sempé, Lucas
- Subjects
MATHEMATICAL category theory ,ITEM response theory ,GINI coefficient ,DATABASES - Abstract
This paper introduces a new method to measure school-level inequality based on Item Response Theory (IRT) models. Categorical data collected by large-scale assessments poses diverse methodological challenges hinder measuring inequality due to data truncation and asymmetric intervals between categories. I use family possessions data from PISA 2015 to exemplify the process of computing the measurement and develop a set of country-level mixed-effects linear regression models comparing the predictive performance of the novel inequality measure with school-level Gini coefficients. I find school-level inequality is negatively associated with learning outcomes across many non-European countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Segregação Escolar e Desigualdades Educacionais no Início da Escolarização no Brasil.
- Author
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Lisboa Bartholo, Tiago, Campelo Koslinski, Mariane, Macedo de Andrade, Felipe, and Lopes de Castro, Daniel
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PARENTING education ,PRIVATE schools ,URBAN schools ,SCHOOL year ,ELEMENTARY schools ,CLASSROOMS ,CLASSROOM environment - Abstract
Copyright of REICE. Ibero-American Journal on Quality, Effectiveness & Change in Education / REICE. Revista Iberoamericana Sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación is the property of Red Iberoamericana de Investigacion sobre Cambio y Eficacia en Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. OPORTUNIDADES DO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA EM SÃO PAULO.
- Author
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Regina Saltini, Márcia and Mendes Ribeiro, Vanda
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista @mbienteeducação is the property of Nucleo de Publicacoes Institucionais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. 'TRANSFORMAÇÕES POLÍTICAS' E PERSISTÊNCIA DAS DESIGUALDADES DE ACESSO À ESCOLA
- Author
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Antonio Paulino de Sousa, Kátia Cilene Ferreira França, and Paulo Cesar Garré Silva
- Subjects
linguistic stratification ,social inequality ,school inequality ,socio ,cultural transformation ,Political science ,Political institutions and public administration (General) ,JF20-2112 - Abstract
This article uses empirical data provided by public and private school students, analyzed in the light of the theorists Labov, Bourdieu and Bernstein. From the analysis of the subjects preferred by the students and their oral and written discourses, it was shown that the linguistic stratification is correlated with the social and scholastic inequalities, being that the students of the favored classes take advantage of the students of the disadvantaged classes in the access to the school, which has a linguistic code distant from these students and close to those. It concludes that, the school operates a process of naturalization of social inequalities, in this school model, a process of sociocultural transformation is not envisaged.
- Published
- 2018
7. La Ley de Cuotas desde sus beneficiarios: un análisis de los discursos de estudiantes de cuotas sobre la Enseñanza Media Integrada
- Author
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Risso, Sérgio Rangel, Ribeiro, Marcos Abraão, Machado-Costa, Luciana, and Silva , Camila Carneiro dos Santos
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Estudiantes de cuotas ,Instituto Federal Fluminense ,Desigualdad escolar ,Discourse Analysis ,Desigualdade escolar ,School Inequality ,Integrated High School ,Análisis del discurso ,Enseñanza Media Integrada ,Análise do discurso ,Cotistas ,Ensino médio integrado ,Quota Students - Abstract
In this article we analyze the focus groups carried out with quota students enrolled in the integrated high school of Instituto Federal Fluminense Campos Centro campus in 2016, in the courses of Industrial Automation, Buildings, Electrotechnics, Informatics, and Mechanics. As methodological support, we applied the French Discourse Analysis for the possibility of demarcating the implicit elements in the quota students' answers. Through the relationship between neoliberalism, individualism, and meritocracy, moreover the sociology at the individual scale of Lahire (2005), we argue that the discourse of quota students as responsible for “success” and “failure” are decisive to naturalize the deep school inequality among students enrolled in the system of quotas and those from the private school system. This way, the hegemonic neoliberal ideology grounds and legitimizes the (re)production of social hierarchies and inequalities not only of origin but also of destinies. En este artículo analizamos los grupos focales realizados con alumnos matriculados en la enseñanza media integrada del Instituto Federal Fluminense campus Campos Centro, en 2016, en las carreras de Automatización Industrial, Edificaciones, Electrotecnia, Informática y Mecánica. Como soporte metodológico, utilizamos el Análisis del Discurso Francés por la posibilidad de delimitar los elementos implícitos en las respuestas de los titulares de cuotas. A través de la relación entre neoliberalismo, individualismo y meritocracia y la sociología a escala individual de Lahire (2005), argumentamos que los discursos de los estudiantes de cuota como responsables del “éxito” y el “fracaso” son determinantes para naturalizar la profunda desigualdad escolar entre los estudiantes matriculados en el sistema de cuotas y los de la red privada. De esta forma, la ideología neoliberal hegemónica fundamenta y legitima la (re)producción de jerarquías sociales y desigualdades no solo de origen, sino también de destino. Neste artigo analisamos os grupos focais realizados com os alunos cotistas matriculados no ensino médio integrado do Instituto Federal Fluminense Campus Campos Centro, em 2016, nos cursos de Automação Industrial, Edificações, Eletrotécnica, Informática e Mecânica. Como suporte metodológico utilizamos a Análise do Discurso de matriz francesa pela possibilidade de demarcarmos os elementos implícitos nas respostas dos cotistas. Através da relação entre neoliberalismo, individualismo e meritocracia e da sociologia à escala individual de Lahire (2005), sustentamos que os discursos dos cotistas, como responsáveis por “sucesso” e “fracasso”, são decisivos para naturalizar a profunda desigualdade escolar entre os alunos matriculados pelo sistema de cotas e aqueles oriundos da rede privada. Desta forma, a ideologia neoliberal hegemônica fundamenta e legitima a (re)produção das hierarquias e desigualdades sociais não apenas de origem, mas também de destinos.
- Published
- 2022
8. MULTIDIMENSIONAL INDICATORS TO EVALUATE SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE: ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS.
- Author
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ALVES, MARIA TERESA GONZAGA and XAVIER, FLAVIA PEREIRA
- Subjects
EDUCATIONAL quality ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) - Abstract
Copyright of Cadernos de Pesquisa is the property of Fundacao Carlos Chagas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Indicadores multidimensionales para evaluación de la infraestructura escolar: la educación básica
- Author
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Alves, Maria Teresa Gonzaga and Xavier, Flavia Pereira
- Subjects
School Infrastructure ,Indicadores Educacionais ,Desigualdades Escolares ,Infrastructure Scolaire ,Elementary School ,Indicateurs de L’éducation ,Education de Base ,Infraestructura Escolar ,School Inequality ,Avaliação de instituições de ensino ,Ensino Fundamental ,Infraestrutura Escolar ,Educación Básica ,Educational Indicators ,Inégalités Scolaires ,Indicadores Educacionales - Abstract
This article provides a set of indicators to evaluate the infrastructure of public elementary schools which provide primary and lower secondary education in Brazil. It assumes that infrastructure is a complex construct, which justifies its evaluation on multiple dimensions. It uses data of The School Census on basic education and the National Assessment System for Basic Education, from 2013 to 2015. The results show that the infrastructure improved during this period, but the patterns of inequality known in the literature remained. Rural, small, municipal schools in the North and Northeast regions have lower means for all indicators. There are positive associations between indicators of infrastructure and socioeconomic level and the Index of Development of Basic Education. Presentamos un conjunto de indicadores para evaluar la infraestructura de las escuelas públicas brasileñas de educación básica. Partimos del supuesto de que la infraestructura es un constructo complejo, lo que justifica su evaluación por múltiples dimensiones. Utilizamos los datos del Censo Escolar da Educação Básica [Censo de la Educación Básica] y del Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb [Sistema de Evaluación de la Educación Básica]), de 2013 y 2015. Los resultados muestran que la infraestructura mejoró en el periodo, pero los estándares de desigualdades mencionados en la literatura se repiten. Las escuelas rurales, pequeñas, municipales, del Norte y Noreste presentan promedios más bajos para todos los indicadores. También verificamos asociaciones positivas entre los indicadores de infraestructura con el nivel socioeconómico y el Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb [Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica]). Cet article présente une série d’indicateurs pour évaluer l’infrastructure des établissements scolaires publics brésiliens. Nous partons de l’hypothèse que l’infrastructure est une construction complexe, ce qui justifie une évaluation multidimensionnelle. Nous avons utilisé les données du Censo Escolar da Educação Básica [Rencensement de l’Éducation de Base] et du Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb [Système d’ Évaluation de l’Éducation de Base]), de 2013 et de 2015. Les résultats ont montré que l’infrastructure s’est améliorée au cours de cette période, bien que les degrés d´inégalité recensés par la littérature persistente Les petites écoles des communes rurales des régions Nord et Nord-Est enregistrent des moyennes plus basses pour tous les indicateurs. Nous avons également vérifié qu’il existait des associations positives entre les indicateurs d’infrastructure, le niveau socio-économique et l’Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb [Indice de Développement de l’Éducation de Base]). Apresentamos um conjunto de indicadores para avaliar a infraestrutura das escolas públicas de ensino fundamental brasileiras. Partimos do pressuposto de que a infraestrutura é um construto complexo, o que justifica a sua avaliação por múltiplas dimensões. Utilizamos os dados do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica e do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb), de 2013 e 2015. Os resultados apontam para melhora da infraestrutura no período, mas os padrões de desigualdade conhecidos da literatura se repetem. As escolas rurais, pequenas, municipais, do Norte e Nordeste têm médias mais baixas em todos os indicadores. Também verificamos associação de mesmo sentido dos indicadores de infraestrutura com o nível socioeconômico e o Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb).
- Published
- 2021
10. School Choices across Many Options.
- Author
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Goyette, Kimberly
- Subjects
EQUALITY ,SCHOOL choice ,EDUCATION ,SCHOOL districts ,METROPOLITAN areas - Abstract
This research contributes to discussions about social inequality in school choices in two ways. First, educational choices include the multitude of options families may consider including choosing a home in a particular area and home-schooling, and not at a single point in time, but over children's education careers. Second, this research explores school choices across school district boundaries to include school choices in suburban and rural districts, as well as urban districts. I use unique data from a representative sample of 390 families with school-aged children living in Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia Metropolitan area to explore the options that families consider for their children's schooling. The data paint a picture of two groups: one, white, suburban, and middle-income, that primarily selects schools through residences and another, non-white, lower-income, and urban, that relies more on non-neighborhood school options. The differences in the types of options these two groups consider suggests that the expanded school choice policies of urban school districts will have little influence on overall school inequality because the option to choose neighborhood public schools through residences remains prevalent among advantaged suburban whites. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
11. The Rich Richer and the Poor Poorer: Intersectional Claims
- Author
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Walsh, Camille, author
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The evolution and forms of education privatisation within francophone countries
- Author
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Marie-France Lange, Centre population et développement (CEPED - UMR_D 196), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Frank Adamson, Sylvain Aubry, Mireille de Koning, and Delphine Dorsi
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Privatisation ,Côte d'Ivoire ,Chad ,Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC - Congo Kinshasa) ,Burundi ,Educational inequalities ,Francophone countries ,Mali ,Republic of Congo (Congo - Brazaville) ,Education ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Political science ,Burkina Faso ,Madagascar ,Benin ,Union of Comoros ,Cameroon ,Gabon ,Niger ,French ,Haiti ,Senegal ,language.human_language ,Central African Republic ,Togo ,Africa subsahariana ,language ,Guinea ,School inequality - Abstract
International audience; This chapter provides a brief overview of the current educational landscape in Haiti and most of the francophone (French-speaking) countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with the purpose of highlighting how their social, political and economic contexts relate to the right to education and the growth of private education. Specifically, it examines countries mainly using the French language as the primary means of instruction in primary and secondary education, including 17 countries in French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa and Haiti, for a total of 18 countries. It focuses on trends in the growth of private actors and the various forms of private education most prevalent in primary and secondary education, as well as those factors that stimulate this growth of private actors.The privatisation of education is first observed in the cities, where populations have the financial means to pay school fees, but also occurs in rural areas through private, non-profit schools (community schools). The main challenges to the growth of private education arise in terms of the right to education and the reproduction of educational inequalities. The right to education is called into question by the absence of public schools, accessible to all, both from a physical and financial point of view, or by the excessive cost of private schools. In terms of consequences on educational inequalities these are related to inequalities of access, the transmission of knowledge and, ultimately, academic success. The privatisation of education has a significant influence on an individual’s educational path and is determined by the quality of education according to the type of school: school hierarchy increases due to the fact that the provision of private education is based on family financial solvency. Private schools thus target different audiences: the very privileged social classes benefit from quality private international or national institutions, the middle classes attend less successful schools with more affordable prices, and the most disadvantaged social classes only have access to schools that do not enable knowledge transfer or the passing of exams. The privatisation of education can also increase gender inequalities in terms of schooling, with parents making choices in favour of boys if school fees are too high. The rapid growth of the private sector has been accompanied by a lack of awareness of the phenomenon. States are often unable to identify all private schools. Furthermore, ex post control remains inadequate. Governments have not monitored this rapid growth of private education well and the means of regulation are either non-existent or ineffective.
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- 2021
- Full Text
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13. Indicateurs multidimensionnels pour l’évaluation de l’infrastructure scolaire à l’éducation de base
- Author
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Flavia Pereira Xavier and Maria Teresa Gonzaga Alves
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Secondary education ,Index (economics) ,Inequality ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Indicadores Educacionais ,Desigualdades Escolares ,Basic Education ,HM401-1281 ,Education ,Gender Studies ,Basic education ,050602 political science & public administration ,Regional science ,Sociology (General) ,Educación Básica ,Educational Indicators ,Socioeconomic status ,Inégalités Scolaires ,media_common ,School Infrastructure ,LC8-6691 ,Indicateurs De L’éducation ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Infrastructure Scolaire ,Census ,Special aspects of education ,0506 political science ,Ensino ,Infraestructura Escolar ,Geography ,School Inequality ,Education De Base ,Infraestrutura Escolar ,Construct (philosophy) ,0503 education ,Indicadores Educacionales - Abstract
RESUMO Apresentamos um conjunto de indicadores para avaliar a infraestrutura das escolas públicas de ensino fundamental brasileiras. Partimos do pressuposto de que a infraestrutura é um construto complexo, o que justifica a sua avaliação por múltiplas dimensões. Utilizamos os dados do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica e do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb), de 2013 e 2015. Os resultados apontam para melhora da infraestrutura no período, mas os padrões de desigualdade conhecidos da literatura se repetem. As escolas rurais, pequenas, municipais, do Norte e Nordeste têm médias mais baixas em todos os indicadores. Também verificamos associação de mesmo sentido dos indicadores de infraestrutura com o nível socioeconômico e o Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb). RÉSUMÉ Cet article présente une série d’indicateurs pour évaluer l’infrastructure des établissements scolaires publics brésiliens. Nous partons de l’hypothèse que l’infrastructure est une construction complexe, ce qui justifie une évaluation multidimensionnelle. Nous avons utilisé les données du Censo Escolar da Educação Básica Rencensement de l’Éducation de Base et du Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb Système d’ Évaluation de l’Éducation de Base), de 2013 et de 2015. Les résultats ont montré que l’infrastructure s’est améliorée au cours de cette période, bien que les degrés d´inégalité recensés par la littérature persistent Les petites écoles des communes rurales des régions Nord et Nord-Est enregistrent des moyennes plus basses pour tous les indicateurs. Nous avons également vérifié qu’il existait des associations positives entre les indicateurs d’infrastructure, le niveau socio-économique et l’Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb Indice de Développement de l’Éducation de Base). RESUMEN Presentamos un conjunto de indicadores para evaluar la infraestructura de las escuelas públicas brasileñas de educación básica. Partimos del supuesto de que la infraestructura es un constructo complejo, lo que justifica su evaluación por múltiples dimensiones. Utilizamos los datos del Censo Escolar da Educação Básica [Censo de la Educación Básica] y del Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb [Sistema de Evaluación de la Educación Básica]), de 2013 y 2015. Los resultados muestran que la infraestructura mejoró en el periodo, pero los estándares de desigualdades mencionados en la literatura se repiten. Las escuelas rurales, pequeñas, municipales, del Norte y Noreste presentan promedios más bajos para todos los indicadores. También verificamos asociaciones positivas entre los indicadores de infraestructura con el nivel socioeconómico y el Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb [Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica]). ABSTRACT This article provides a set of indicators to evaluate the infrastructure of public elementary schools which provide primary and lower secondary education in Brazil. It assumes that infrastructure is a complex construct, which justifies its evaluation on multiple dimensions. It uses data of The School Census on basic education and the National Assessment System for Basic Education, from 2013 to 2015. The results show that the infrastructure improved during this period, but the patterns of inequality known in the literature remained. Rural, small, municipal schools in the North and Northeast regions have lower means for all indicators. There are positive associations between indicators of infrastructure and socioeconomic level and the Index of Development of Basic Education.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. School Segregation and Education Inequalities at the Start of Schooling in Brazil
- Author
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Lisboa Bartholo, Tiago, Koslinski, Mariane Campelo, de Andrade, Felipe Macedo, de Castro Lopes, Daniel, Lisboa Bartholo, Tiago, Koslinski, Mariane Campelo, de Andrade, Felipe Macedo, and de Castro Lopes, Daniel
- Abstract
The paper describes patterns of school segregation at the start of the formal schooling in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and estimates the compositional effect (school mix-effect) on children's learning in the first two years at school. This is an important phenomenon to analyze the process of distributing educational opportunities in public and private schools. The concept of school segregation used in this paper refers to the unequal distribution of students who share specific characteristics within a group of public schools. The study uses the Segregation Index for two characteristics of disadvantaged: 1) color/race; 2) parents' education. The effect of social composition was estimated with data from a longitudinal study and analyzed separately the compositional effect for the first and second years at school. Preliminary results suggest that the patterns of school segregation observed in preschool are similar to those described in the first year of elementary school. There is, therefore, no major impact on segregation patterns in the transition between teaching stages. The models for estimating the effect of the compositional effect on student learning suggest that there is an effect, with more consistent results for the measurement of language., O artigo descreve padrões de segregação escolar no início do processo formal de escolarização na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e estima o efeito da segregação escolar (efeito par ou efeito mistura/compositional effect) no aprendizado das crianças nos dois primeiros anos na escola. Este é um fenômeno importante para analisar o processo de distribuição de oportunidades educacionais nas redes públicas e privadas de ensino. O conceito de segregação escolar utilizado neste artigo se refere à distribuição desigual de alunos que partilham de uma característica específica em um agrupamento de escolas. O estudo utiliza o Índice de Segregação (Segregation Index) e considera duas características dos alunos: 1) cor/raça; 2) escolaridade dos pais. O efeito da composição social foi estimado com dados de um estudo longitudinal e analisa separadamente o aprendizado no primeiro e segundo ano na escola. Os resultados preliminares sugerem que os padrões de segregação escolar observados na pré-escola são semelhantes aos descritos no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental. Não há, portanto, grande impacto nos padrões de segregação na transição entre as etapas de ensino. Os modelos para estimar o efeito da composição social das escolas (compositional effect) no aprendizado dos alunos sugerem que há efeito, com resultados mais consistentes para a medida de linguagem.
- Published
- 2020
15. Escolarização em camadas populares : a percepção dos egressos sobre a escola
- Author
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Paludo, Elias Festa and Neves, Clarissa Eckert Baeta
- Subjects
Escola ,Sociology of school ,Egressos ,Ensino fundamental ,Sociology of education ,Sociologia da educação ,School success ,School inequality ,Schooling - Abstract
O presente trabalho, busca investigar como egressos do ensino básico compreenderam e vivenciaram a experiência escolar. Voltada à investigação da escolarização em camadas populares, esta dissertação versa sobre as experiencias narradas por jovens oriundos de uma comunidade com raízes quilombolas, socialmente vulnerável, de baixa renda e baixo grau de escolaridade das famílias, que concluíram o ensino médio numa escola gerida pela rede Católica de Solidariedade, localizada na própria comunidade, com projeto pedagógico baseado na promoção dos Direitos Humanos. A problemática da pesquisa trata de como esses jovens, imersos nesse contexto social, compreenderam e vivenciaram um novo processo escolar – voltado para a promoção da cultura local, valorização da aprendizagem, recuperação da estrutura física e da cultura escolar, planejamento escolar e profissional -, instaurado em 2012, e como a escola pôde influenciar nas disposições individuais. As narrativas dos egressos foram colhidas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, que foram analisadas à luz do debate teórico de Pierre Bourdieu e Bernard Lahire, sobre como a escola reage às condições externas e, como as disposições individuais influenciam no sucesso escolar. As experiências individuais foram colhidas e analisadas por três blocos: 1) os aspectos institucionais da escola; 2) a escola enquanto espaço de socialização e; 3) as projeções individuais de futuro. Além disso, o levantamento documental sobre a comunidade, os questionários sobre o perfil dos entrevistados e entrevistas com educadores, propiciaram cotejar as narrativas com o espaço social, dimensões sincrônicas e diacrônicas, a fim de entender como a experiência escolar reforçou o capital cultural ou criou novas disposições. O resultado das análises desse material apontou que, considerando o gargalo da evasão escolar, o fato de a escola ter aproximado e mantido seus educandos até a conclusão, já indica superar a reprodução das desigualdades. A escola também criou disposições ao ensino superior, mesmo que sem um planejamento detalhado dos egressos. The present work seeks to investigate how graduates of basic education understood and lived the school experience. Aiming at the investigation of schooling in the popular classes, this dissertation deals with the experiences narrated by young people from a community with quilombola roots, socially vulnerable, low income and low educational level of families, who completed high school in a school manage by the Catholic network, located in the community, with a pedagogical project based on the promotion of Human Rights. The research problematic deals with how these young people, immersed in this social context, understood and experienced a new school process - focused on the promotion of local culture, valorization of learning, recovery of physical structure and school culture, school and professional planning -, introduced in 2012, and how the school could influence individual arrangements. The graduates’ narratives were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed in light of the theoretical debate of Pierre Bourdieu and Bernard Lahire, about how the school reacts to external conditions and how individual dispositions influence school success. Individual experiences were collected and analyzed by three blocks: 1) the institutional aspects of the school; 2) the school as a space for socialization and; 3) the individual projections of the future. In addition, the documentary survey about the community, the interviewees’ profile questionnaires and interviews with educators provided a comparison of the narratives with the social space, synchronic and diachronic dimensions, in order to understand how the school experience reinforced cultural capital or created new provisions. The result of the analysis of this material indicated that, considering the school dropout bottleneck, the fact that the school has approached and kept its students until the conclusion, already indicates to overcome the reproduction of inequalities. The school has also made provisions for higher education, even without detailed planning of graduates.
- Published
- 2019
16. Composition and organization of school clientele in Brazilian municipal schools: what the headmasters say
- Author
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Ângela Maria Martins and Sandra Maria Zákia Lian Souza
- Subjects
Composição de turmas ,School management ,060106 history of social sciences ,05 social sciences ,School clientele ,050301 education ,Gestão escolar ,06 humanities and the arts ,Theory and practice of education ,Contextual questionnaires ,Desigualdade escolar ,Clientela escolar ,Class composition ,0601 history and archaeology ,0503 education ,School inequality ,LB5-3640 ,Questionários contextuais - Abstract
RESUMO Com base na análise das respostas dos diretores de escolas municipais do país ao questionário contextual da Prova Brasil 2015, buscou-se conhecer critérios assumidos para a composição da clientela, nos estabelecimentos escolares, e sua organização por turmas, e refletiu-se sobre eventuais implicações das práticas adotadas para a democratização da educação. Trata-se de estudo exploratório das manifestações dos diretores, as quais foram tratadas por meio da quantificação da frequência das alternativas assinaladas no questionário, seguido da interpretação de seus conteúdos, com base em aportes de literatura correlata. O estudo traz pistas que indicam tendência à adoção, pelas escolas, de processos inclusivos de acolhimento e de alocação dos alunos, que expressam práticas democratizantes de gestão escolar. Registra, no entanto, limitações enfrentadas na análise das informações decorrentes de imprecisões presentes na formulação das questões. ABSTRACT Based on the analysis of municipal schools headmasters’ answers to the contextual questionnaire Prova Brasil 2015, we sought to know which criteria have been assumed for the composition of the clientele in schools and their organization by groups, as well as to discuss possible implications of practices adopted for the democratization of education. It is an exploratory study of the headmasters’ manifestations, which were treated by quantifying the frequency of the alternatives indicated in the questionnaire, followed by the interpretation of their content, based on the contributions from related literature. The study presents clues that indicate a trend towards the adoption, by the schools, of inclusive processes of reception and student allocation, expressing democratizing practices in school management. However, it also registers limitations faced in the analysis of the information, resulting from inaccuracies in the formulation of the questions.
- Published
- 2018
17. School in contemporary Italy: structural features and current policies
- Author
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Ballarino, Gabriele, author
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Indicadores multidimensionais para avaliação da infraestrutura escolar: o ensino fundamental
- Author
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Gonzaga Alves, Maria Teresa, Xavier, Flavia Pereira, Gonzaga Alves, Maria Teresa, and Xavier, Flavia Pereira
- Abstract
Cet article présente une série d’indicateurs pour évaluer l’infrastructure des établissements scolaires publics brésiliens. Nous partons de l’hypothèse que l’infrastructure est une construction complexe, ce qui justifie une évaluation multidimensionnelle. Nous avons utilisé les données du Censo Escolar da Educação Básica [Rencensement de l’Éducation de Base] et du Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb [Système d’ Évaluation de l’Éducation de Base]), de 2013 et de 2015. Les résultats ont montré que l’infrastructure s’est améliorée au cours de cette période, bien que les degrés d´inégalité recensés par la littérature persistente Les petites écoles des communes rurales des régions Nord et Nord-Est enregistrent des moyennes plus basses pour tous les indicateurs. Nous avons également vérifié qu’il existait des associations positives entre les indicateurs d’infrastructure, le niveau socio-économique et l’Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb [Indice de Développement de l’Éducation de Base])., This article provides a set of indicators to evaluate the infrastructure of public elementary schools which provide primary and lower secondary education in Brazil. It assumes that infrastructure is a complex construct, which justifies its evaluation on multiple dimensions. It uses data of The School Census on basic education and the National Assessment System for Basic Education, from 2013 to 2015. The results show that the infrastructure improved during this period, but the patterns of inequality known in the literature remained. Rural, small, municipal schools in the North and Northeast regions have lower means for all indicators. There are positive associations between indicators of infrastructure and socioeconomic level and the Index of Development of Basic Education., Apresentamos um conjunto de indicadores para avaliar a infraestrutura das escolas públicas de ensino fundamental brasileiras. Partimos do pressuposto de que a infraestrutura é um construto complexo, o que justifica a sua avaliação por múltiplas dimensões. Utilizamos os dados do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica e do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb), de 2013 e 2015. Os resultados apontam para melhora da infraestrutura no período, mas os padrões de desigualdade conhecidos da literatura se repetem. As escolas rurais, pequenas, municipais, do Norte e Nordeste têm médias mais baixas em todos os indicadores. Também verificamos associação de mesmo sentido dos indicadores de infraestrutura com o nível socioeconômico e o Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb)., Presentamos un conjunto de indicadores para evaluar la infraestructura de las escuelas públicas brasileñas de educación básica. Partimos del supuesto de que la infraestructura es un constructo complejo, lo que justifica su evaluación por múltiples dimensiones. Utilizamos los datos del Censo Escolar da Educação Básica [Censo de la Educación Básica] y del Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb [Sistema de Evaluación de la Educación Básica]), de 2013 y 2015. Los resultados muestran que la infraestructura mejoró en el periodo, pero los estándares de desigualdades mencionados en la literatura se repiten. Las escuelas rurales, pequeñas, municipales, del Norte y Noreste presentan promedios más bajos para todos los indicadores. También verificamos asociaciones positivas entre los indicadores de infraestructura con el nivel socioeconómico y el Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb [Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica]).
- Published
- 2018
19. DISCRIMINACIÓN SOCIAL Y DESIGUALDAD ESCOLAR EN LA HISTORIA POLÍTICA DE LA EDUCACIÓN BRASILEÑA (1822-2016): ALGUNAS NOTAS
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Veiga, Cynthia Greive
- Subjects
desigualdad educativa ,discrimination sociale ,social discrimination ,discriminación social ,schooling ,inégalité scolaire ,school inequality ,escolarización ,scolarisation ,escolarização ,desigualdade escolar ,discriminação social - Abstract
Resumo Este artigo problematiza, numa longa duração histórica, a discriminação social e desigualdade escolar presente na história política da educação brasileira. O principal objetivo é demonstrar os movimentos cíclicos das conquistas educacionais associados aos golpes políticos de sua subtração, de modo a melhor subsidiar os debates educacionais atuais, no contexto de imposição de governo por golpe parlamentar e recrudescimento do conservadorismo político-social. O estudo, ainda que sucinto, foi realizado por meio da investigação de diferentes fontes documentais, tais como legislação, relatórios e ofícios de governo, jornais e censos estatísticos, acrescido do diálogo com historiadores e historiadores da educação. Abstract This paper discusses the ever present in the long political history of Brazilian education social discrimination and inequality at school. The main objective is to demonstrate the cyclic movements of educational achievements and suppression of rights, seeking to provide better grounds for the current educational debates in relation to the governmental imposition through parliamentary coup and growing social political conservatism. However brief, this study was conducted by investigation of various documental sources, such as legislations, reports, government official communications, newspaper articles, statistical census, as well as dialogue with historians and education historians. Resumen Este artículo problematiza, en un largo período histórico, la discriminación social y la desigualdad escolar presentes en la historia política de la educación brasileña. El objetivo principal es demostrar los movimientos cíclicos de las conquistas educativas asociadas a los golpes políticos de su sustracción, con el fin de subsidiar mejor los debates educacionales actuales en el contexto de imposición de un gobierno por golpe parlamentario y el recrudecimiento del conservadurismo político y social. El estudio, aunque escueto, se llevó a cabo por medio de la investigación de diferentes fuentes documentales, como la legislación, informes y oficios de gobierno, periódicos y censos estadísticos, además del diálogo con historiadores e historiadores de la educación. Résumé Cet article problématise, sur une longue durée historique, la discrimination sociale et l’inégalité scolaire présente dans l’histoire politique de l’éducation brésilienne. Le principal objectif est celui de démontrer les mouvements cycliques des acquis éducationnels associés aux coups politiques de leur soustraction, de manière à mieux étayer les débats éducationnels actuels, dans le contexte de l’imposition d’un gouvernement par le biais d’un coup parlementaire et la recrudescence du conservatisme politico-social. L’étude, quoique succincte, a été réalisée par l’investigation de documents issus de différentes sources, tels la législation, des rapports et des circulaires dressés par des gouvernements, des journaux et des recensements statistiques, outre le dialogue avec des historiens et des historiens de l’éducation.
- Published
- 2017
20. Discriminação social e desigualdade escolar na história política da educação brasileira (1822-2016): Alguns apontamentos
- Author
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Veiga (Brasil), Cynthia Greive and Veiga (Brasil), Cynthia Greive
- Abstract
This paper discusses the ever present in the long political history of Brazilian education social discrimination and inequality at school. The main objective is to demonstrate the cyclic movements of educational achievements and suppression of rights, seeking to provide better grounds for the current educational debates in relation to the governmental imposition through parliamentary coup and growing social political conservatism. However brief, this study was conducted by investigation of various documental sources, such as legislations, reports, government official communications, newspaper articles, statistical census, as well as dialogue with historians and education historians., Cet article problématise, sur une longue durée historique, la discrimination sociale et l’inégalité scolaire présente dans l’histoire politique de l’éducation brésilienne. Le principal objectif est celui de démontrer les mouvements cycliques des acquis éducationnels associés aux coups politiques de leur soustraction, de manière à mieux étayer les débats éducationnels actuels, dans le contexte de l’imposition d’un gouvernement par le biais d’un coup parlementaire et la recrudescence du conservatisme politico-social. L’étude, quoique succincte, a été réalisée par l’investigation de documents issus de différentes sources, tels la législation, des rapports et des circulaires dressés par des gouvernements, des journaux et des recensements statistiques, outre le dialogue avec des historiens et des historiens de l’éducation., Este artigo problematiza, numa longa duração histórica, a discriminação social e desigualdade escolar presente na história política da educação brasileira. O principal objetivo é demonstrar os movimentos cíclicos das conquistas educacionais associados aos golpes políticos de sua subtração, de modo a melhor subsidiar os debates educacionais atuais, no contexto de imposição de governo por golpe parlamentar e recrudescimento do conservadorismo político-social. O estudo, ainda que sucinto, foi realizado por meio da investigação de diferentes fontes documentais, tais como legislação, relatórios e ofícios de governo, jornais e censos estatísticos, acrescido do diálogo com historiadores e historiadores da educação., Este artículo problematiza, en un largo período histórico, la discriminación social y la desigualdad escolar presentes en la historia política de la educación brasileña. El objetivo principal es demostrar los movimientos cíclicos de las conquistas educativas asociadas a los golpes políticos de su sustracción, con el fin de subsidiar mejor los debates educacionales actuales en el contexto de imposición de un gobierno por golpe parlamentario y el recrudecimiento del conservadurismo político y social. El estudio, aunque escueto, se llevó a cabo por medio de la investigación de diferentes fuentes documentales, como la legislación, informes y oficios de gobierno, periódicos y censos estadísticos, además del diálogo con historiadores e historiadores de la educación.
- Published
- 2017
21. ¿La composición social importa en las escuelas de educación básica?
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Xavier, Flavia Pereira and Alves, Maria Teresa Gonzaga
- Subjects
Efecto de las escuelas ,Educación básica ,Efeitos das escolas ,School effects ,Avaliação da Educação ,Proficiency levels ,Elementary education ,Ensino Fundamental ,Níveis de proficiência ,School inequality ,Desigualdades escolares ,Niveles de competência - Abstract
This article analyzes the effect of Brazilian public elementary schools on students’ learning considering the socio-economic context and students’ gender and racial composition. Students were allocated at three levels of proficiency: insufficient, basic and adequate. Those at the insufficient level are considered excluded since their right to education is not met. The data used was from the 2007, 2009 and 2011 Prova Brasil. The main results indicate that the effects of the schools to remove students from exclusion and promote them to adequate levels of learning are associated with the social composition of these schools in terms of race and gender, regardless of the average socioeconomic status of the school. Such composition, also affects the chances of individual students being removed from exclusion and promoted to the adequate level. El artículo analiza el efecto de las escuelas públicas brasileñas de educación básica para el aprendizaje de sus alumnos, considerando el contexto socioeconómico y la composición del alumnado por género y raza. Los alumnos se distribuyeron en tres niveles de competencia: insuficiente, básico y adecuado. Se consideran excluidos los que están en el nivel insuficiente, una vez que su derecho a la educación no es atendido. Se utilizaron datos de 2007, 2009 y 2011 de la Prova Brasil. Los principales resultados indican que los efectos de las escuelas para retirar los alumnos de la exclusión y promoverlos al nivel adecuado de aprendizaje están asociados a las características de composición social de dichas escuelas en lo que concierne a raza y género, independientemente del nivel socioeconómico promedio de la escuela. Tal composición también afecta las oportunidades individuales de que los alumnos sean retirados de la exclusión y promovidos al nivel de adecuación. O artigo analisa o efeito das escolas públicas brasileiras de ensino fundamental para o aprendizado de seus alunos, considerando o contexto socioeconômico e a composição do alunado por gênero e raça. Os alunos foram distribuídos em três níveis de proficiência: insuficiente, básico e adequado. Os que estão no nível insuficiente são considerados excluídos, uma vez que o seu direito à educação não é atendido. Utilizaram-se os dados de 2007, 2009 e 2011 da Prova Brasil. Os principais resultados indicam que os efeitos das escolas para a retirada dos alunos da exclusão e para sua promoção ao nível adequado de aprendizagem estão associados às características de composição social dessas escolas em termos de raça e gênero, independentemente do nível socioeconômico médio da escola. Tal composição também afeta as chances individuais de os alunos serem retirados da exclusão e promovidos ao nível de adequação.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. A Perspectiva teórica de Bourdieu: contribuições sobre a condicionalidade de educação do Programa Bolsa Família
- Author
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Oliveira, Roberta Rezende and Brandão, André Augusto Pereira
- Subjects
Programa Bolsa Família ,Condicionalidade ,Espaço Social ,desigualdade escolar ,Educação ,Ciências Sociais ,Conditionality ,Social Space ,School Inequality - Abstract
This article aims to discuss the conditionality on the education as part of the design of Bolsa Família income transfer program. It is concluded that the strategy of conditioning the income transfer to the participation of children and adolescents in school life, in order to raise the accumulation of "human capital" in this population segment, tends to bump the limits set by elements of economic and cultural order, which converge to the maintenance of unequal features that characterize the structure of social space in the Brazilian reality. O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir a condicionalidade relativa à educação que faz parte do desenho do Programa de transferência de renda Bolsa Família. Conclui-se que a estratégia de condicionar a transferência de renda à participação de crianças e adolescentes na vida escolar, com o intuito de elevar o acumulo de “capital humano” neste seguimento da população, tende a esbarrar nos limites postos por elementos de ordem econômica e relativos ao capital cultural, que convergem para a manutenção das características desiguais que caracterizam a estruturação do espaço social na realidade brasileira.
- Published
- 2014
23. Pathways to higher education for first and second generation immigrants in France, Switzerland and Canada: how educational tracks and aspirations matter
- Author
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Murdoch , Jake, Guégnard , Christine, Imdorf , Christian, Koomen , M., Meyer , T., Kamanzi , Pierre Canisius, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education (IREDU), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre d'études et de recherches sur les qualifications (CEREQ), ministère de l'Emploi, cohésion sociale et logement-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), TREE-Insitut for Sociology, TREE-Institut for Sociology, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche sur la science et la technologie, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education ( IREDU ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre d'études et de recherches sur les qualifications ( CEREQ ), ministère de l'Emploi, cohésion sociale et logement-Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Université de Bâle, Université de Montréal, and Theurel, Bertille
- Subjects
Professional career ,reduction of educational inequalities ,Canada ,pathways to higher education ,Professional Education ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,tertiary education ,International Comparison ,[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,Immigration ,Comparison ,Educational career ,Professional Training ,native youth ,School Inequality ,Educational Policy ,France ,Student ,Access to Higher Education ,Switzerland ,Immigrant ,educational opportunities ,educational policies - Abstract
Despite their different histories as countries of immigration, Switzerland, France and Canada all have a sizeable immigrant population, some of which do experience obstacles in their educational and professional careers. However, both access rates of immigrant students as well as institutional routes to higher education vary remarkably between the three countries. On the one hand, France and Switzerland offer both academic and vocational routes to higher education, whereas academic routes prevail in Canada. On the other hand, immigrant students are underrepresented in Swiss and French higher education, while they generally seem to be much more successful in Canada. In this paper we wish to clarify not only if, but also how - through which institutional settings - higher education is accessed by students from vulnerable immigrant groups. We are primarily interested in the possible reinforcement or reduction of educational inequalities arising from country-specific educational policies designed to increase the enrolment in tertiary education, particularly the flow from upper-secondary vocational educational tracks to higher tertiary ones. Indeed, do vocational routes leading to higher education enhance the educational opportunities of the immigrant youths?
- Published
- 2014
24. La nomination des couleurs, des bruits et des odeurs par les élèves d'une classe de CE1. Etude des ressources mobilisées en situation d'action et en situation métadiscursive
- Author
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Pagnier, Thierry, SYLED - Systèmes Linguistiques, Énonciation et Discursivité - EA 2290 (SYLED), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Université Paris 3 Sorbonne Nouvelle, and Sonia Branca
- Subjects
Oral ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Syntax & semantics ,Sociolinguistique ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,corpus ,Lexique Grammaire ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,inégalités sociales et scolaires ,School Inequality ,sociolinguistic ,dénomination ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,Lexical Acquisition - Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to identify the linguistic strategies used by the primary school pupils to talk about colors, sounds and smells through oral conversations and in “school-situations”. We adopt a context-dependent point of view, capable of handling heterogeneous situations, cultural determination and dynamic discourses. This approach emphasizes the social stakes of the opposition between ordinary French language and “school-language”. Two surveys have been taken and lead on two corpora. The first corpus consists of ten hours recordings of rather informal interactions, which do not posit language as a focus-on subject. Pupils were performing tasks based on samples of colors, smells and sounds. We added this first corpus with scholar exercises face to face the investigator. This second corpus consists of classroom tasks aiming at highlighting the difficulties that pupils may encounter in naming these sensations. We have obtained relatively homogeneous series allowing contrast the discourse performance of pupils. Globally, the study points out a gap between the small number of words used by pupils in repeated syntactic structures and the richness of lexical resources of “school-language”; it also shows a series of differences between the denominative strategies used by children and those preferred by adults. Finally, we stressed the didactic interest to study phraseology as an interface between language, discourse and culture.; L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de produire un inventaire des ressources langagières que des élèves de cours élémentaire mobilisent pour parler des couleurs, des bruits et des odeurs dans un oral qui se rapproche de l’oral conversationnel et dans des situations de type scolaire. Nous retraçons d’abord les débats qui ont eu lieu à propos des sensations entre les universalistes et les tenants d’une prise en compte des situations hétérogènes, ce qui justifie notre choix de ce domaine. Puis nous dégageons les enjeux sociaux de l’opposition entre langue scolaire et français ordinaire, ce qui nous a conduit à construire deux situations d’enquête. Nous avons procédé à 10h d’enregistrements réalisés en triades en présence des référents [échantillons d’odeurs, de couleurs et de bruits]. Le cadre était relativement informel, et les tâches n’impliquaient pas que le langage soit l’objet d’une attention particulière. Nous avons complété le premier corpus en procédant à des exercices de type scolaire en face à face avec l’enquêteur. Dans les deux cas, le protocole de recueil a permis d’aboutir à des séries relativement homogènes permettant des comparaisons entre les performances des élèves. Globalement, nos analyses permettent d’apprécier l’écart entre la petite quantité de mots actualisés dans des structures syntaxiques répétitives et les ressources de la langue « seconde » de l’école ; elles montrent aussi une série de décalages intéressants avec les axes de nominations privilégiés par les adultes. Enfin, nous avons souligné l’intérêt didactique qu’il y aurait à travailler sur la phraséologie comme interface entre langue, discours et culture.
- Published
- 2009
25. Sociologie de l'école (3ème édition)
- Author
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Duru-Bellat, Marie, Van Zanten, Agnès, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education ( IREDU ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Observatoire sociologique du changement ( OSC ), Sciences Po-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Theurel, Bertille, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education (IREDU), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Observatoire sociologique du changement (OSC), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) (OSC)
- Subjects
Reproduction sociale ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Education policy ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,Enseignant ,Sociologie de l'éducation ,Politique scolaire ,Educational experience ,Sociology ,Offre de formation ,Insertion des jeunes ,Schooling ,Programme scolaire ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Family School relationship ,Sociology of education ,Teacher ,School mix ,Educational system : France ,Decentralization ,Diplôme ,Ecole ,Inégalité scolaire ,[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,School business relationship ,[ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Système éducatif ,Pratique pédagogique ,Projet professionnel ,Outcomes of education ,Pratique éducative ,Teaching practice ,Sociologie ,Curriculum ,France ,Politique locale ,School inequality ,Social reproduction ,System of education - Abstract
06002; Cette troisième édition, totalement refondue, d'un manuel devenu " la " référence sur le monde de l'école, des élèves et des enseignants, explore le domaine de manière systématique et objective, et sous des aspects divers : place de l'école dans la société (politiques scolaires, inégalités de carrière, enjeux de la réussite scolaire, évolution des analyses théoriques), mais aussi acteurs et pratiques (profession enseignante, programmes, pratiques éducatives des familles, métiers d'élève). Outre la mise à jour de toutes les données et une actualisation générale de son contenu, l'ouvrage propose de nombreux éléments inédits sur les effets des politiques éducatives, la construction et les effets de la ségrégation scolaire, ou encore les changements introduits par le renouvellement des enseignants. Il est ainsi rendu compte de la profusion et de la diversité des recherches conduites ces dernières années dans ce champ qui demeure l'un des plus riches de la sociologie, en prise directe avec l'actualité la plus contemporaine et les préoccupations des familles comme des enseignants et des élèves eux-mêmes.
- Published
- 2006
26. L'échec scolaire : rouages sociaux, politiques possibles
- Author
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Duru-Bellat , Marie, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education ( IREDU ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Theurel, Bertille, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education (IREDU), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)
- Subjects
Politique de l'éducation ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Education policy ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,Social inequality ,Inégalité scolaire ,[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Inégalité sociale ,Echec scolaire ,School failure ,Carrière scolaire ,School career ,School inequality - Abstract
03060
- Published
- 2003
27. Inégalités sociales à l'école et idéologie méritocratique
- Author
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Marie Duru-Bellat, Theurel, Bertille, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education ( IREDU ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education (IREDU), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)
- Subjects
School ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social inequality ,Meritocracy ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,General Engineering ,Inégalité scolaire ,Ecole ,[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Equal opportunity ,Inégalité sociale ,Political science ,Méritocratie ,School environment ,Ideology ,Humanities ,School inequality ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,media_common - Abstract
L'auteur s'attache ici a decrire dans un premier temps l'accumulation progressive des inegalites sociales de reussite, amplifiees ensuite par des inegalites de choix et de strategies scolaires, avant d'aborder dans une seconde partie la question du role de l'ecole, en soulignant en particulier ce qui se joue au niveau des etablissements. Elle se propose de revenir dans la conclusion sur la question de la participation de l'ecole a l'ideologie meritocratique.
- Published
- 2003
28. Les inégalités sociales à l'école : des analyses sociologiques aux interrogations politiques
- Author
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Duru-Bellat , Marie, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education ( IREDU ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education (IREDU), Université de Bourgogne (UB), and Theurel, Bertille
- Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Educational policy ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,Social inequality ,Politique éducative ,Inégalité scolaire ,[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Inégalité sociale ,Sociological analysis ,Analyse sociologique ,School inequality ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
03067; National audience
- Published
- 2003
29. Les inégalités sociales à l'école : Genèse et mythes
- Author
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Duru-Bellat , Marie, Theurel, Bertille, Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education ( IREDU ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education (IREDU), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)
- Subjects
School ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Sociology of education ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,Social inequality ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,Inégalité scolaire ,Ecole ,[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Sociologie de l'éducation ,Inégalité sociale ,Training ,Enseignement ,School inequality - Abstract
02057; Les inégalités sociales à l'école sont un sujet récurrent dans les débats, dans les politiques éducatives, tout en étant perçues en France avec un certain fatalisme : tout est joué avant 6 ans, l'école est impuissante face aux déterminismes familiaux, la réussite scolaire est biaisée par les inégalités sociales... Pour autant les diplômes ne sont guère contestés et la méritocratie ou l'élitisme républicain constitue une idéologie respectée et consensuelle. Ce livre démonte les rouages des inégalités sociales face à l'école et en son sein, rectifie quelques idées reçues, s'interroge sur certains mythes. En dégageant les processus qui engendrent et reproduisent les inégalités sociales à l'école, il ouvre quelques voies pour éviter la reproduction de ces inégalités sociales en redonnant toute sa place à l'institution scolaire.
- Published
- 2002
30. The Origins, Early Developments, and Present-Day Impact of the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps on the American Public Schools
- Author
-
Long, Nathan Andrew
- Subjects
- Education, Social Foundations of Education, Educational policy, Educational history, military, military-industrial complex, military education, military academy, Junior ROTC, ROTC, Reserves, Reserve Officers' Training Corps, school inequality
- Abstract
The Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (Junior ROTC) has been a part of the American educational system for nearly ninety years. Formed under the 1916 National Defense Act, its primary function was and is to train high school youth military techniques and history, citizenship and discipline. The organization has recently seen its stature elevated and its reach widened once Congress lifted caps on its expansion in 2001. The Junior ROTC’s proliferation has led to criticism from peace activists who denounce military training and tactics in schools and political leaders who claim the benefits are suspect. Conversely, the program has earned the praises of varied school and government officials. What becomes clear is that little consensus on the program has been reached. It is my contention that Junior ROTC’s current popularity within the American educational system is multifaceted and cannot be simplistically embraced or summarily discounted by disparate analyses. One must understand the organization’s historical roots to comprehend its current manifestation. Thus, three related questions have guided my research. First, what, if any, prerequisites existed relevant to Junior ROTC? Second, how does recruitment correspond to the purpose of Junior ROTC’s inception and consequent growth? Third, has the program focused on the recruitment of working class and racial minorities over its ninety-year history? First, two dialectically related historical constructs – preparedness ideology and economic imperialism-expansionism – serve as prerequisites to Junior ROTC’s inception and consequent growth. The antecedent relationships of military philosophy, education, training and drilling are explored in relation to these constructs. Second, the historical record points to a program designed primarily to recruit high school aged youth. Primary data in various forms aptly illustrate the point. Third, the combination of historical and recent demographic data confirm Junior ROTC’s recruitment focus on working class and disadvantaged youth, primarily in urban centers, which provides the military a ready reserve of labor. Junior ROTC while an attractive program to ‘reach’ at-risk high school students is a quick-fix approach to the numerous structural and social barriers placed in front of our youth. Thus, attention is devoted in the last chapter to potential alternatives.
- Published
- 2003
31. Desigualdade escolar e vulnerabilidade social no território
- Author
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Claudia Lemos Vóvio and Vanda Mendes Ribeiro
- Subjects
Social vulnerability ,Política educacional ,Vulnerabilidade social ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Território ,Theory and practice of education ,050108 psychoanalysis ,Desigualdade escolar ,Educational policy ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Territory ,School inequality ,0503 education ,LB5-3640 - Abstract
RESUMO Este texto discute resultados de pesquisas sobre a influência da vulnerabilidade social nos territórios das grandes cidades na produção da desigualdade escolar, realizadas em duas metrópoles brasileiras. Tais pesquisas têm recorrido à literatura da Cepal, da Sociologia da educação francesa e norte-americana na busca de referências para lidar com um fenômeno recentemente transformado em problema de pesquisa. As pesquisas evidenciam que a vulnerabilidade social do território interfere nas oportunidades educacionais. Detectaram mecanismos capazes de produzir vínculos entre vulnerabilidade social do território e produção da desigualdade escolar, tais como relações de interdependência competitiva entre escolas, falta de investimento do Estado na Educação Infantil, representações sociais desfavoráveis às populações residentes nessas áreas das cidades e falta de equipamentos públicos nos territórios vulneráveis. Os estudos mostraram que os contornos das políticas educacionais podem fomentar a desigualdade escolar em territórios vulneráveis: professores, com mais experiência e formação, migram para escolas de territórios menos vulneráveis devido à legislação dos concursos de remoção; alunos com menor capital sociocultural, cujos pais ignoram o tipo de capital social valorizado pela escola, que desconhecem seus direitos e que residem em territórios estigmatizados, como favelas, podem ser preteridos em momentos de matrícula, dificultando seu acesso à escola. Em atos de expulsão de alunos, esses estigmas podem contribuir para a decisão, uma vez que escolas parecem buscar alunos mais adaptados a um ambiente escolar menos conturbado. ABSTRACT The aim of the following study is to discuss the results of studies about the influence of social vulnerability on school inequality in big cities, carried out in two Brazilian metropolises. Those studies have resorted to ECLAC literature, as well as French and American Sociology of Education literature, in order to find references to approach a phenomenon that has recently become a research problem. According to the herein investigated studies, the territory’s social vulnerability affects educational opportunities. They have found mechanisms able to produce links between the territory’s social vulnerability and school inequality, such as relations of competitive interdependence between schools, the lack of state investment in early childhood education, social representations unfavorable to people living in these areas, and the lack of public facilities in vulnerable territories. The studies have shown that educational policy contours may foster school inequality in vulnerable territories. More experienced and better trained teachers migrate to schools located in less vulnerable territories due to the transference program legislation. Students with less socio-cultural capital, whose parents are less aware of the type of social capital valued by the school, who are unaware of their rights, and live in the most stigmatized territories such as slums, may be passed over at school enrollment times, which may hinder their access to education. In the case of students expelled from schools, this stigma may contribute to the decision-making process, since schools seem to prefer students who are better adapted to less-troubled school environments.
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