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16. Use of 300 mm magnetic Czochralski wafers for the fabrication of IGBTs

Author

Schulze, H. J., primary, Ofner, H., additional, Niedernostheide, F.-J., additional, Laven, J. G, additional, Felsl, H. P., additional, Voss, S., additional, Schwagmann, A., additional, Jelinek, M., additional, Ganagona, N., additional, Susiti, A., additional, Wubben, T., additional, Schustereder, W., additional, Breymesser, A., additional, Stadtmuller, M., additional, Schulz, A., additional, Kurz, T., additional, and Lukermann, F., additional

Published
2016
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17. Overview of ASDEX upgrade results

Author

Zohm H., Adamek J., Angioni C., Antar G., Atanasiu C. V., Balden M., Becker W., Behler K., Behringer K., Bergmann A., Bertoncelli T., Bilato R., Bobkov V., Boom J., Bottino A., Brambilla M., Braun F., Bruedgam M., Buhler A., Chankin A., Classen I., Conway G. D., Coster D. P., de Marne P., D'Inca R., Drube R., Dux R., Eich T., Engelhardt K., Esposito B., Fahrbach H-U., Fattorini L., Fink J., Fischer R., Flaws A., Foley M., Forest C., Fuchs J. C., Gal K., Munoz M. Garcia, Adamov M. Gemisic, Giannone L., Goerler T., Gori S., da Graca S., Granucci G., Greuner H., Gruber O., Gude A., Guenter S., Haas G., Hahn D., Harhausen J., Hauff T., Heinemann B., Herrmann A., Hicks N., Hobirk J., Hoelzl M., Holtum D., Hopf C., Horton L., Huart M., Igochine V., Janzer M., Jenko F., Kallenbach A., Kalvin S., Kardaun O., Kaufmann M., Kick M., Kirk A., Klingshirn H-J., Koscis G., Kollotzek H., Konz C., Krieger K., Kurki-Suonio, Kurzan B., Lackner K., Lang P. T., Langer B., Lauber P., Laux M., Leuterer F., Likonen J., Liu L., Lohs A., Lunt T., Lyssoivan A., Maggi C. F., Manini A., Mank K., Manso M-E., Mantsinen M., Maraschek M., Martin P., Mayer M., McCarthy P., McCormick K., Meister H., Meo F., Merkel P., Merkel R., Mertens V., Merz F., Meyer H., Mlynek A., Monaco F., Mueller H-W., Muenich M., Murmann H., Neu G., Neu R., Neuhauser J., Nold B., Noterdaeme J-M., Pautasso G., Pereverzev G., Poli E., Potzel, Pueschel M., Puetterich T., Pugno R., Raupp G., Reich M., Reiter B., Ribeiro T., Riedl R., Rohde V., Roth J., Rott M., Ryter F., Sandmann W., Santos J., Sassenberg, Sauter P., Scarabosio A., Schall G., Schilling H-B., Schirmer J., Schmid A., Schmid K., Schneider W., Schramm G., Schrittwieser R., Schustereder W., Schweinzer J., Schweizer S., Scott B., Seidel U., Sempf M., Serra F., Sertoli M., Siccinio M., Sigalov A., Silva A., Sips C. C., Speth E., Staebler A., Stadler R., Steuer K-H., Stober J., Streibl B., Strumberger E., Suttrop W., Tardini G., Tichmann C., Treutterer W., Troester C., Urso L., Vainonen-Ahlgren E., Varela P., Vermare L., Volpe F., Wagner D., Wigger C., Wischmeier M., Wolfrum E., Wuersching E., Yadikin D., Yu Q., Zasche D., Zehetbauer T., and Zilker M.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Nuclear engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, ASDEX Upgrade, ITER, 0103 physical sciences, tokamak physics, 010306 general physics, DEMO, nuclear fusion
Abstract

ASDEX Upgrade was operated with a fully W-covered wall in 2007 and 2008. Stationary H-modes at the ITER target values and improved H-modes with H up to 1.2 were run without any boronization. The boundary conditions set by the full W wall (high enough ELM frequency, high enough central heating and low enough power density arriving at the target plates) require significant scenario development, but will apply to ITER as well. D retention has been reduced and stationary operation with saturated wall conditions has been found. Concerning confinement, impurity ion transport across the pedestal is neoclassical, explaining the strong inward pinch of high-Z impurities in between ELMs. In improved H-mode, the width of the temperature pedestal increases with heating power, consistent with a β1/2pol,ped scaling. In the area of MHD instabilities, disruption mitigation experiments using massive Ne injection reach volume averaged values of the total electron density close to those required for runaway suppression in ITER. ECRH at the q = 2 surface was successfully applied to delay density limit disruptions. The characterization of fast particle losses due to MHD has shown the importance of different loss mechanisms for NTMs, TAEs and also beta-induced Alfven eigenmodes (BAEs). Specific studies addressing the first ITER operational phase show that O1 ECRH at the HFS assists reliable low-voltage breakdown. During ramp-up, additional heating can be used to vary li to fit within the ITER range. Confinement and power threshold in He are more favourable than in H, suggesting that He operation could allow us to assess H-mode operation in the non-nuclear phase of ITER operation.

Published
2009
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18. Hydrocarbon Characteristics in Fusion Edge Plasmas from Electron- Molecule and Ion- Surface Collision Experiments

Author

Kendl, A., Becker, K., Denifl, S., Echt, O., Endstrasser, N., Feil, S., Farizon, B., Feketeova, L., Grill, V., Herman, Z., Märk, T.D., Matejcik, Stefan, Matt-Leubner, S., Probst, M., Scheier, P., Schustereder, W., Sulzer, P., Winkler, M., Zappa, F., Rasul, B., Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Girod, Dominique

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Physics::Plasma Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The compatibility of reactor grade plasmas with plasma facing materials at the first wall is one of the present challenges in fusion research. In order to understand and elucidate the role of radiative and collisional processes in the edge plasma region, it is essential to have available detailed and quantitative knowledge on the corresponding elementary reactions proceeding in the volume before and at the wall. Surface processes involving hydrocarbons and their ions, which are probable vacuum contaminants in plasma devices, and the role of hydrocarbon chemistry and transport in divertor plasmas are some of the key components in modelling predictions for ITER based on atomic and molecular data. Improved data sets for hydrocarbons and detailed and accurate knowledge of the cross sections of the relevant plasma chemical volume and wall processes are needed. In this context we have carried out: electron (proton and helium) impact excitation/ionization reactions with possible plasma edge atoms, molecules and ions; determination of relevant differential, partial and total crosssections and reaction rate coefficients for electron-molecule and ion-surface collisions; investigation of the temperature dependence of ionization energies and ionization cross sections and electron attachment cross sections; and calculations of inelastic interactions between electrons and atoms, molecules and molecular ions. The reported work supports the provision of essential data commonly needed for diagnostics and modelling across the fusion programme.

Published
2008

19. Plasma wall interaction and its implication in an all tungsten divertor tokamak. Invited Paper

Author

Neu, R., Balden, M., Bobkov, V., Dux, R., Gruber, O., Herrmann, A., Kallenbach, A., Kaufmann, M., Maggi, C. F., Maier, H., Müller, H. W., Pütterich, T., Pugno, R., Rohde, V., Sips, A. C. C., Stober, J., Suttrop, W., Angioni, C., Atanasiu, C. V., Becker, W., Behler, K., Behringer, K., Bergmann, A., Bertoncelli, T., Bilato, R., Bottino, A., Brambilla, M., Braun, F., Buhler, A., Chankin, A., Conway, G., Coster, D. P., de Marne, P., Dietrich, S., Dimova, K., Drube, R., Eich, T., Engelhardt, K., Fahrbach, H.-U., Fantz, U., Fattorini, L., Fink, J., Fischer, R., Flaws, A., Franzen, P., Fuchs, J. C., Gal, K., Garcia Munoz, M., Gemisic-Adamov, M., Giannone, L., Gori, S., da Graca, S., Greuner, H., Gude, A., Günter, S., Haas, G., Harhausen, J., Heinemann, B., Hicks, N., Hobirk, J., Holtum, D., Hopf, C., Horton, L., Huart, M., Igochine, V., Kalvin, S., Kardaun, O., Kick, M., Kocsis, G., Kollotzek, H., Konz, C., Krieger, K., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurzan, B., Lackner, K., Lang, P. T., Lauber, P., Laux, M., Likonen, J., Liu, L., Lohs, A., Mank, K., Manini, A., Manso, M.-E., Maraschek, M., Martin, P., Martin, Y., Mayer, M., McCarthy, P., McCormick, K., Meister, H., Meo, F., Merkel, P., Merkel, R., Mertens, V., Merz, F., Meyer, H., Mlynek, M., Monaco, F., Murmann, H., Neu, G., Neuhauser, J., Nold, B., Noterdaeme, J.-M., Pautasso, G., Pereverzev, G., Poli, E., Pueschel, M., Raupp, G., Reich, M., Reiter, B., Ribeiro, T., Riedl, R., Roth, J., Rott, M., Ryter, F., Sandmann, W., Santos, J., Sassenberg, K., Scarabosio, A., Schall, G., Schirmer, J., Schmid, A., Schneider, W., Schramm, G., Schrittwieser, R., Schustereder, W., Schweinzer, J., Schweizer, S., Scott, B., Seidel, U., Serra, F., Sertoli, M., Sigalov, A., Silva, A., Speth, E., Stäbler, A., Steuer, K.-H., Strumberger, E., Tardini, G., Tichmann, C., Treutterer, W., Tröster, C., Urso, L., Vainonen-Ahlgren, E., Varela, P., Vermare, L., Wagner, D., Wischmeier, M., Wolfrum, E., Würsching, E., Yadikin, D., Yu, Q., Zasche, D., Zehetbauer, T., Zilker, M., and Zohm, H.

Published
2007

27. Plasma wall interaction and its implication in an all tungsted divertor tokamak

Author

Neu, R., Balden, M., Bobkov, V., Dux, R., Gruber, O., Herrmann, A., Kallenbach, A., Kaufmann, M., Maggi, C.F., Maier, H., Müller, H.W., Pütterich, T., Pugno, R., Rohde, V., Sips, A.C.C., Stober, J., Suttrop, W., Angioni, C., Atanasiu, C.V., Becker, W., Behler, K., Behringer, K., Bergmann, A., Bertoncelli, T., Bilato, R., Bottino, A., Brambilla, M., Braun, F., Buhler, A., Chankin, A., Conway, G., Coster, D.P., Marne, P. de, Dietrich, S., Dimova, K., Drube, R., Eich, T., Engelhardt, K., Fahrbach, H.-U., Fantz, U., Fattorini, L., Fink, J., Fischer, R., Flaws, A., Franzen, P., Fuchs, J.C., Gal, K., Munoz, M.G, Gemisic-Adamov, M., Giannone, L., Gori, S., Graca, S. da, Greuner, H., Gude, A., Günter, S., Haas, G., Harhausen, J., Heinemann, B., Hicks, N., Hobirk, J., Holtum, D., Hopf, C., Horton, L., Huart, M., Igochine, V., Kalvin, S., Kardaun, O., Kick, M., Kocsis, G., Kollotzek, H., Konz, C., Krieger, K., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurzan, B., Lackner, K., Lang, P.T.;Lauber, Laux, M., Likonen, J., Liu, L., Lohs, A., Mank, K., Manini, A., Manso, M.-E., Maraschek, M., Martin, P., Martin, Y., Mayer, M., McCarthy, P., McCormick, K., Meister, H., Meo, Fernando, Merkel, P., Merkel, R., Mertens, V., Merz, F., Meyer, H., Mlynek, M., Monaco, F., Murmann1, H., Neu, G., Neuhauser, J., Nold, B., Noterdaeme, J.-M., Pautasso, G., Pereverzev, G., Poli, E., Püschel1, M., Raupp, G., Reich, M., Reiter, B., Ribeiro, T., Riedl, R., Roth, J., Rott, M., Ryter, F., Sandmann, W., Santos, J., Sassenberg, K., Scarabosio, A., Schall, G., Schirmer, J., Schmid, A., Schneider, W., Schramm, G., Schrittwieser, R., Schustereder, W., Schweinzer, J., Schweizer, S., Scott, B., Seidel, U., Serra, F., Sertoli, M., Sigalov, A., Silva, A., Speth, E., Stäbler, A., Steuer, K.-H., Strumberger, E., Tardini, G., Tichmann, C., Treutterer, W., Tröster, C., Urso, L., Vainonen-Ahlgren, E., Varela, P., Vermare, L., Wagner, D., Wischmeier, M., Wolfrum, E., Würsching, E., Yadikin, D., Yu, Q., Zasche, D., Zehetbauer, T., Zilker, M., Zohm, H., Neu, R., Balden, M., Bobkov, V., Dux, R., Gruber, O., Herrmann, A., Kallenbach, A., Kaufmann, M., Maggi, C.F., Maier, H., Müller, H.W., Pütterich, T., Pugno, R., Rohde, V., Sips, A.C.C., Stober, J., Suttrop, W., Angioni, C., Atanasiu, C.V., Becker, W., Behler, K., Behringer, K., Bergmann, A., Bertoncelli, T., Bilato, R., Bottino, A., Brambilla, M., Braun, F., Buhler, A., Chankin, A., Conway, G., Coster, D.P., Marne, P. de, Dietrich, S., Dimova, K., Drube, R., Eich, T., Engelhardt, K., Fahrbach, H.-U., Fantz, U., Fattorini, L., Fink, J., Fischer, R., Flaws, A., Franzen, P., Fuchs, J.C., Gal, K., Munoz, M.G, Gemisic-Adamov, M., Giannone, L., Gori, S., Graca, S. da, Greuner, H., Gude, A., Günter, S., Haas, G., Harhausen, J., Heinemann, B., Hicks, N., Hobirk, J., Holtum, D., Hopf, C., Horton, L., Huart, M., Igochine, V., Kalvin, S., Kardaun, O., Kick, M., Kocsis, G., Kollotzek, H., Konz, C., Krieger, K., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurzan, B., Lackner, K., Lang, P.T.;Lauber, Laux, M., Likonen, J., Liu, L., Lohs, A., Mank, K., Manini, A., Manso, M.-E., Maraschek, M., Martin, P., Martin, Y., Mayer, M., McCarthy, P., McCormick, K., Meister, H., Meo, Fernando, Merkel, P., Merkel, R., Mertens, V., Merz, F., Meyer, H., Mlynek, M., Monaco, F., Murmann1, H., Neu, G., Neuhauser, J., Nold, B., Noterdaeme, J.-M., Pautasso, G., Pereverzev, G., Poli, E., Püschel1, M., Raupp, G., Reich, M., Reiter, B., Ribeiro, T., Riedl, R., Roth, J., Rott, M., Ryter, F., Sandmann, W., Santos, J., Sassenberg, K., Scarabosio, A., Schall, G., Schirmer, J., Schmid, A., Schneider, W., Schramm, G., Schrittwieser, R., Schustereder, W., Schweinzer, J., Schweizer, S., Scott, B., Seidel, U., Serra, F., Sertoli, M., Sigalov, A., Silva, A., Speth, E., Stäbler, A., Steuer, K.-H., Strumberger, E., Tardini, G., Tichmann, C., Treutterer, W., Tröster, C., Urso, L., Vainonen-Ahlgren, E., Varela, P., Vermare, L., Wagner, D., Wischmeier, M., Wolfrum, E., Würsching, E., Yadikin, D., Yu, Q., Zasche, D., Zehetbauer, T., Zilker, M., and Zohm, H.

Published
2007

31. Plasma wall interaction and its implication in an all tungsten divertor tokamak

Author

Neu, R, primary, Balden, M, additional, Bobkov, V, additional, Dux, R, additional, Gruber, O, additional, Herrmann, A, additional, Kallenbach, A, additional, Kaufmann, M, additional, Maggi, C F, additional, Maier, H, additional, Müller, H W, additional, Pütterich, T, additional, Pugno, R, additional, Rohde, V, additional, Sips, A C C, additional, Stober, J, additional, Suttrop, W, additional, Angioni, C, additional, Atanasiu, C V, additional, Becker, W, additional, Behler, K, additional, Behringer, K, additional, Bergmann, A, additional, Bertoncelli, T, additional, Bilato, R, additional, Bottino, A, additional, Brambilla, M, additional, Braun, F, additional, Buhler, A, additional, Chankin, A, additional, Conway, G, additional, Coster, D P, additional, de Marné, P, additional, Dietrich, S, additional, Dimova, K, additional, Drube, R, additional, Eich, T, additional, Engelhardt, K, additional, Fahrbach, H-U, additional, Fantz, U, additional, Fattorini, L, additional, Fink, J, additional, Fischer, R, additional, Flaws, A, additional, Franzen, P, additional, Fuchs, J C, additional, Gál, K, additional, García Muñoz, M, additional, Gemisic-Adamov, M, additional, Giannone, L, additional, Gori, S, additional, da Graca, S, additional, Greuner, H, additional, Gude, A, additional, Günter, S, additional, Haas, G, additional, Harhausen, J, additional, Heinemann, B, additional, Hicks, N, additional, Hobirk, J, additional, Holtum, D, additional, Hopf, C, additional, Horton, L, additional, Huart, M, additional, Igochine, V, additional, Kálvin, S, additional, Kardaun, O, additional, Kick, M, additional, Kocsis, G, additional, Kollotzek, H, additional, Konz, C, additional, Krieger, K, additional, Kurki-Suonio, T, additional, Kurzan, B, additional, Lackner, K, additional, Lang, P T, additional, Lauber, P, additional, Laux, M, additional, Likonen, J, additional, Liu, L, additional, Lohs, A, additional, Mank, K, additional, Manini, A, additional, Manso, M-E, additional, Maraschek, M, additional, Martin, P, additional, Martin, Y, additional, Mayer, M, additional, McCarthy, P, additional, McCormick, K, additional, Meister, H, additional, Meo, F, additional, Merkel, P, additional, Merkel, R, additional, Mertens, V, additional, Merz, F, additional, Meyer, H, additional, Mlynek, M, additional, Monaco, F, additional, Murmann, H, additional, Neu, G, additional, Neuhauser, J, additional, Nold, B, additional, Noterdaeme, J-M, additional, Pautasso, G, additional, Pereverzev, G, additional, Poli, E, additional, Püschel, M, additional, Raupp, G, additional, Reich, M, additional, Reiter, B, additional, Ribeiro, T, additional, Riedl, R, additional, Roth, J, additional, Rott, M, additional, Ryter, F, additional, Sandmann, W, additional, Santos, J, additional, Sassenberg, K, additional, Scarabosio, A, additional, Schall, G, additional, Schirmer, J, additional, Schmid, A, additional, Schneider, W, additional, Schramm, G, additional, Schrittwieser, R, additional, Schustereder, W, additional, Schweinzer, J, additional, Schweizer, S, additional, Scott, B, additional, Seidel, U, additional, Serra, F, additional, Sertoli, M, additional, Sigalov, A, additional, Silva, A, additional, Speth, E, additional, Stäbler, A, additional, Steuer, K-H, additional, Strumberger, E, additional, Tardini, G, additional, Tichmann, C, additional, Treutterer, W, additional, Tröster, C, additional, Urso, L, additional, Vainonen-Ahlgren, E, additional, Varela, P, additional, Vermare, L, additional, Wagner, D, additional, Wischmeier, M, additional, Wolfrum, E, additional, Würsching, E, additional, Yadikin, D, additional, Yu, Q, additional, Zasche, D, additional, Zehetbauer, T, additional, Zilker, M, additional, and Zohm, H, additional

Published
2007
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33. Hydrogen Decoration of Radiation Damage Induced Defect Structures.

Author

Kirnstötter, S., Faccinelli, M., Schustereder, W., Laven, J. G., Schulze, H. -J., and Hadley, P.

Subjects
SEMICONDUCTOR defects, SILICON spectra, ANNEALING of semiconductors, SEMICONDUCTOR doping, SPREADING electric resistance, ELECTRICAL resistivity
Abstract

The defect complexes that are formed when protons with energies in the MeV-range were implanted into high-purity silicon were investigated. After implantation, the samples were annealed at 400 °C or 450 °C for times ranging between 15 minutes and 30 hours. The resistivity of the samples was then analyzed by Spreading Resistance Profiling (SRP). The resistivity shows minima where there is a high carrier concentration and it is possible to extract the carrier concentration from the resistivity data. Initially, there is a large peak in the carrier concentration at the implantation depth where most of the hydrogen is concentrated. For longer anneals, this peak widens as the hydrogen diffuses away from the implantation depth. Following the changes in resistivity as a function of annealing time allows us to characterize the diffusion of hydrogen through these samples. Differences in the diffusion were observed depending on whether the silicon was grown by the magnetic Czochralski (m:Cz) method or the Float zone (Fz) method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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40. Amorphous ice: stepwise formation of very-high-density amorphous ice from low-density amorphous ice at 125 K.

Author

Loerting T, Schustereder W, Winkel K, Salzmann CG, Kohl I, and Mayer E

Abstract

On compressing low-density amorphous ice (LDA) at 125 K up to 1.6 GPa, two distinct density steps accompanied by heat evolution are observable in pressure-density curves. Samples recovered to 77 K and 1 bar after the first and second steps show the x-ray diffraction pattern of high-density amorphous ice (HDA) and very HDA (VHDA), respectively. The compression of the once formed HDA takes place linearly in density up to 0.95 GPa, where nonlinear densification and HDA --> VHDA conversion is initiated. This implies a stepwise formation process LDA--> HDA --> VHDA at 125 K, which is to the best of our knowledge the first observation of a stepwise amorphous-amorphous-amorphous transformation sequence. We infer that the relation of HDA and VHDA is very similar to the relation between LDA and HDA except for a higher activation barrier between the former. We discuss the two options of thermodynamic versus kinetic origin of the phenomenon.

Published
2006
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