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4. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infection associated with human metapneumovirus in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Libster, Romina, Otieno, Grieven, Joundi, Imane, Broor, Shobha, Nicol, Mark, Amarchand, Ritvik, Shi, Ting, López-Labrador, F. Xavier, Baker, Julia M., Jamison, Alexandra, Choudekar, Avinash, Juvekar, Sanjay, Obermeier, Patrick, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Madrid, Lola, Thomas, Elizabeth, Lanaspa, Miguel, Nohynek, Hanna, Nokes, James, Werner, Marta, Danhg, Anh, Chadha, Mandeep, Puig-Barberà, Joan, Caballero, Mauricio T., Mathisen, Maria, Walaza, Sibongile, Hellferscee, Orienka, Laubscher, Matt, Higdon, Melissa M., Haddix, Meredith, Sawatwong, Pongpun, Baggett, Henry C., Seidenberg, Phil, Mwanayanda, Lawrence, Antonio, Martin, Ebruke, Bernard E., Adams, Tanja, Rahman, Mustafizur, Rahman, Mohammed Ziaur, Sow, Samboa O., Baillie, Vicky L., Workman, Lesley, Toizumi, Michiko, Tapia, Milagritos D., Nguyen, Thi hien anh, Morpeth, Susan, Wang, Xin, Li, You, Deloria-Knoll, Maria, Madhi, Shabir A, Cohen, Cheryl, Ali, Asad, Basnet, Sudha, Bassat, Quique, Brooks, W Abdullah, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, Echavarria, Marcela, Fasce, Rodrigo A, Goswami, Doli, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, Homaira, Nusrat, Howie, Stephen R C, Kotloff, Karen L, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Krishnan, Anand, Lucero, Marilla G, Lupisan, Socorro, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, Moore, David P, Moraleda, Cinta, Nunes, Marta, Oshitani, Histoshi, Owor, Betty E, Polack, Fernando P, O'Brien, Katherine L, Rasmussen, Zeba A, Rath, Barbara A, Salimi, Vahid, Scott, J Anthony G, Simões, Eric A F, Strand, Tor A, Thea, Donald M, Treurnicht, Florette K, Vaccari, Linda C, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Zar, Heather J, Campbell, Harry, and Nair, Harish

Published
2021
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5. Increase of Synergistic Secondary Antiviral Mutations in the Evolution of A(H1N1)pdm09 Influenza Virus Neuraminidases.

Author

Duwe, Susanne C., Milde, Jeanette, Heider, Alla, Wedde, Marianne, Schweiger, Brunhilde, and Dürrwald, Ralf

Subjects
INFLUENZA viruses, GENETIC testing, NEURAMINIDASE, ANTIVIRAL agents, INFLUENZA
Abstract

The unexpected emergence of oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1) viruses in 2008 was facilitated in part by the establishment of permissive secondary neuraminidase (NA) substitutions that compensated for the fitness loss due to the NA-H275Y resistance substitution. These viruses were replaced in 2009 by oseltamivir-susceptible A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses. Genetic analysis and screening of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses circulating in Germany between 2009 and 2024 were conducted to identify any potentially synergistic or resistance-associated NA substitutions. Selected viruses were then subjected to further characterization in vitro. In the NA gene of circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, two secondary substitutions, NA-V241I and NA-N369K, were identified. These substitutions demonstrated a stable lineage in phylogenetic analysis since the 2010–2011 influenza season. The data indicate a slight increase in viral NA bearing two additional potentially synergistic substitutions, NA-I223V and NA-S247N, in the 2023–2024 season, which both result in a slight reduction in susceptibility to NA inhibitors. The accumulation of secondary synergistic substitutions in the NA of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses increases the probability of the emergence of antiviral-resistant viruses. Therefore, it is crucial to closely monitor the evolution of circulating influenza viruses and to develop additional antiviral drugs against different target proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Global burden of respiratory infections associated with seasonal influenza in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Nair, Harish, Campbell, Harry, Wang, Xin, Li, You, Chung, Alexandria, Rahi, Manveer, Abbas, Qalab, Ali, Asad, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Saeed, Bushra, Soofi, Sajid B, Yousafzai, Mohammad Tahir, Zaidi, Anita K, Amu, Alberta, Awini, Elizabeth, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Baggett, Henry C, Chaves, Sandra S, Shang, Nong, Schrag, Stephanie J, Widdowson, Marc-Alain, Tempia, Stefano, Bassat, Quique, Lanaspa, Miguel, Acácio, Sozinho, Brooks, W Abdullah, Driscoll, Amanda, Knoll, Maria Deloria, O'Brien, Katherine L, Prosperi, Christine, Baqui, Abdullah H, Mullany, Luke, Byass, Peter, Cohen, Cheryl, von Gottberg, Anne, Hellferscee, Orienka, Treurnicht, Florette K, Walaza, Sibongile, Goswami, Doli, Rahman, Mustafizur, Connor, Nicholas E, El Arifeen, Shams, Echavarria, Marcela, Marcone, Débora N, Reyes, Noelia, Gutierrez, Andrea, Rodriguez, Ivan, Lopez, Olga, Ortiz, David, Gonzalez, Nathaly, Gentile, Angela, del Valle Juarez, Maria, Gordon, Aubree, Cutland, Clare, Groome, Michelle, Madhi, Shabir A, Nunes, Marta C, Nzenze, Susan, Heikkinen, Terho, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, Juvekar, Sanjay, Halasa, Natasha, Jara, Jorge H, Bernart, Chris, Katz, Mark A, Gofer, Ilan, Avni, Yonat Shemer, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Faori, Samir, Shehabi, Asem, Krishnan, Anand, Kumar, Rakesh, Amarchand, Ritvik, Contreras, Carmen L, de Leon, Oscar, Lopez, Maria R, McCracken, John P, Maldonado, Herberth, Samayoa, Antonio P, Gomez, Ana B, Lucero, Marilla G, Nillos, Leilani T, Lupisan, Socorro P, Nohynek, Hanna, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, Puig-Barberà, Joan, Díez-Domingo, Javier, Gessner, Bradford D, Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie, Moïsi, Jennifer C, Tall, Haoua, Munywoki, Patrick K, Ngama, Mwanjuma, Nokes, D James, Omer, Saad B, Clark, Dayna R, Ourohiré, Millogo, Ali, Sié, Pascal, Zabré, Cheik, Bagagnan H, Caballero, Mauricio T, Libster, Romina, Polack, Fernando P, Rasmussen, Zeba A, Thomas, Elizabeth D, Baker, Julia M, Rath, Barbara A, Obermeier, Patrick E, Hassanuzzaman, MD., Islam, Maksuda, Islam, Mohammad S, Saha, Samir K, Panigrahi, Pinaki, Bose, Anuradha, Isaac, Rita, Murdoch, David, Nanda, Pritish, Qazi, Shamim A, Hessong, Danielle, Simőes, Eric AF, Sotomayor, Viviana, Thamthitiwat, Somsak, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, Dawood, Halima, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Wamukoya, Marylene, Ziraba, Abdhalah K, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Yoshihara, Keisuke, Dand, Duc-Anh, Le, Minh-Nhat, Nicol, Mark P, Zar, Heather J, Broor, Shobha, Chadha, Mandeep, Madrid, Lola, Gresh, Lionel, Balmaseda, Angel, Kuan, Guillermina, Wairagkar, Niteen, Tapia, Milagritos D, Knobler, Stacey L, Barahona, Alfredo, Ferguson, Ericka, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Abdullah Brooks, W, Fasce, Rodrigo A, and Simões, Eric AF

Published
2020
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7. Atypical age distribution and high disease severity in children with RSV infections during two irregular epidemic seasons throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, Germany, 2021 to 2023

Author

Cai, Wei, primary, Köndgen, Sophie, additional, Tolksdorf, Kristin, additional, Dürrwald, Ralf, additional, Schuler, Ekkehard, additional, Biere, Barbara, additional, Schweiger, Brunhilde, additional, Goerlitz, Luise, additional, Haas, Walter, additional, Wolff, Thorsten, additional, Buda, Silke, additional, and Reiche, Janine, additional

Published
2024
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9. Global patterns in monthly activity of influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and metapneumovirus: a systematic analysis

Author

Acacio, Sozinho, Alonso, Wladimir J, Antonio, Martin, Ayora Talavera, Guadalupe, Badarch, Darmaa, Baillie, Vicky L, Barrera-Badillo, Gisela, Bigogo, Godfrey, Broor, Shobha, Bruden, Dana, Buchy, Philippe, Byass, Peter, Chipeta, James, Clara, Wilfrido, Dang, Duc-Anh, de Freitas Lázaro Emediato, Carla Cecília, de Jong, Menno, Díaz-Quiñonez, José Alberto, Do, Lien Anh Ha, Fasce, Rodrigo A, Feng, Luzhao, Ferson, Mark J, Gentile, Angela, Gessner, Bradford D, Goswami, Doli, Goyet, Sophie, Grijalva, Carlos G, Halasa, Natasha, Hellferscee, Orienka, Hessong, Danielle, Homaira, Nusrat, Jara, Jorge, Kahn, Kathleen, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Kotloff, Karen L, Lanata, Claudio F, Lopez, Olga, Lopez Bolaños, Maria Renee, Lucero, Marilla G, Lucion, Florencia, Lupisan, Socorro P, Madhi, Shabir A, Mekgoe, Omphile, Moraleda, Cinta, Moyes, Jocelyn, Mulholland, Kim, Munywoki, Patrick K, Naby, Fathima, Nguyen, Thanh Hung, Nicol, Mark P, Nokes, D James, Noyola, Daniel E, Onozuka, Daisuke, Palani, Nandhini, Poovorawan, Yong, Rahman, Mustafizur, Ramaekers, Kaat, Romero, Candice, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Seidenberg, Phil, Simoes, Eric A F, Singleton, Rosalyn, Sistla, Sujatha, Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine, Suntronwong, Nungruthai, Sutanto, Agustinus, Tapia, Milagritos D, Thamthitiwat, Somsak, Thongpan, Ilada, Tillekeratne, Gayani, Tinoco, Yeny O, Treurnicht, Florette K, Turner, Claudia, Turner, Paul, van Doorn, Rogier, Van Ranst, Marc, Visseaux, Benoit, Waicharoen, Sunthareeya, Wang, Jianwei, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Zar, Heather J, Li, You, Reeves, Rachel M, Wang, Xin, Bassat, Quique, Brooks, W Abdullah, Cohen, Cheryl, Moore, David P, Nunes, Marta, Rath, Barbara, Campbell, Harry, and Nair, Harish

Published
2019
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10. Impact of Outpatient Neuraminidase Inhibitor Treatment in Patients Infected With Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 at High Risk of Hospitalization: An Individual Participant Data Metaanalysis

Author

Venkatesan, Sudhir, Myles, Puja R., Leonardi-Bee, Jo, Muthuri, Stella G., Al Masri, Malak, Andrews, Nick, Bantar, Carlos, Dubnov-Raz, Gal, Gérardin, Patrick, Koay, Evelyn S. C., Loh, Tze Ping, Memish, Ziad, Miller, Elizabeth, Oliva, Maria E., Rath, Barbara A., Schweiger, Brunhilde, Tang, Julian W., Tran, Dat, Vidmar, Tjasa, Waight, Pauline A., and Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S.

Published
2017

11. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Shi, Ting, McAllister, David A, O'Brien, Katherine L, Simoes, Eric A F, Madhi, Shabir A, Gessner, Bradford D, Polack, Fernando P, Balsells, Evelyn, Acacio, Sozinho, Aguayo, Claudia, Alassani, Issifou, Ali, Asad, Antonio, Martin, Awasthi, Shally, Awori, Juliet O, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Baggett, Henry C, Baillie, Vicky L, Balmaseda, Angel, Barahona, Alfredo, Basnet, Sudha, Bassat, Quique, Basualdo, Wilma, Bigogo, Godfrey, Bont, Louis, Breiman, Robert F, Brooks, W Abdullah, Broor, Shobha, Bruce, Nigel, Bruden, Dana, Buchy, Philippe, Campbell, Stuart, Carosone-Link, Phyllis, Chadha, Mandeep, Chipeta, James, Chou, Monidarin, Clara, Wilfrido, Cohen, Cheryl, de Cuellar, Elizabeth, Dang, Duc-Anh, Dash-yandag, Budragchaagiin, Deloria-Knoll, Maria, Dherani, Mukesh, Eap, Tekchheng, Ebruke, Bernard E, Echavarria, Marcela, de Freitas Lázaro Emediato, Carla Cecília, Fasce, Rodrigo A, Feikin, Daniel R, Feng, Luzhao, Gentile, Angela, Gordon, Aubree, Goswami, Doli, Goyet, Sophie, Groome, Michelle, Halasa, Natasha, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, Homaira, Nusrat, Howie, Stephen R C, Jara, Jorge, Jroundi, Imane, Kartasasmita, Cissy B, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Kotloff, Karen L, Krishnan, Anand, Libster, Romina, Lopez, Olga, Lucero, Marilla G, Lucion, Florencia, Lupisan, Socorro P, Marcone, Debora N, McCracken, John P, Mejia, Mario, Moisi, Jennifer C, Montgomery, Joel M, Moore, David P, Moraleda, Cinta, Moyes, Jocelyn, Munywoki, Patrick, Mutyara, Kuswandewi, Nicol, Mark P, Nokes, D James, Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn, da Costa Oliveira, Maria Tereza, Oshitani, Histoshi, Pandey, Nitin, Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia, Phillips, Lia N, Picot, Valentina Sanchez, Rahman, Mustafizur, Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala, Rasmussen, Zeba A, Rath, Barbara A, Robinson, Annick, Romero, Candice, Russomando, Graciela, Salimi, Vahid, Sawatwong, Pongpun, Scheltema, Nienke, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Scott, J Anthony G, Seidenberg, Phil, Shen, Kunling, Singleton, Rosalyn, Sotomayor, Viviana, Strand, Tor A, Sutanto, Agustinus, Sylla, Mariam, Tapia, Milagritos D, Thamthitiwat, Somsak, Thomas, Elizabeth D, Tokarz, Rafal, Turner, Claudia, Venter, Marietjie, Waicharoen, Sunthareeya, Wang, Jianwei, Watthanaworawit, Wanitda, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Yu, Hongjie, Zar, Heather J, Campbell, Harry, and Nair, Harish

Published
2017
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20. Low-level circulation of enterovirus D68--associated acute respiratory infections, Germany, 2014

Author

Reiche, Janine, Bottcher, Sindy, Diedrich, Sabine, Buchholz, Udo, Buda, Silke, Haas, Walter, Schweiger, Brunhilde, and Wolff, Thorsten

Subjects
Lung diseases -- Health aspects, Infection -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) belongs to the family Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus, species Enterovirus D. Since its initial discovery in 1962 (1), EV-D68 infections in humans have been reported rarely. However, since [...]

Published
2015
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26. 2015/16 I-MOVE/I-MOVE+ multicentre case-control study in Europe: Moderate vaccine effectiveness estimates against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and low estimates against lineage-mismatched influenza B among children

Author

Kissling, Esther, Valenciano, Marta, Pozo, Francisco, Vilcu, Ana-Maria, Reuss, Annicka, Rizzo, Caterina, Larrauri, Amparo, Horváth, Judit Krisztina, Brytting, Mia, Domegan, Lisa, Korczyńska, Monika, Meijer, Adam, Machado, Ausenda, Ivanciuc, Alina, Višekruna Vučina, Vesna, van der Werf, Sylvie, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Bella, Antonino, Gherasim, Alin, Ferenczi, Annamária, Zakikhany, Katherina, O'Donnell, Joan, Paradowska-Stankiewicz, Iwona, Dijkstra, Frederika, Guiomar, Raquel, Lazar, Mihaela, Kurečić Filipović, Sanja, Johansen, Kari, Moren, Alain, I-MOVE/I-MOVE+ study team, EpiConcept [Paris], National Centre for Microbiology [Madrid], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology [Berlin], Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Department of Infectious Diseases [Rome, Italy], Istituto Superiore di Sanita, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), National Centre for Epidemiology. CIBERNED. Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), National Centre for Epidemiology [Budapest], Public Health Agency of Sweden, Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC), National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene [Poland], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal] (INSA), Cantacuzino Institute [Romania], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Croatian Institute of Public Health [Zagreb] (CIPH), Génétique moléculaire des virus à ARN ((U-Pasteur_ 2 / UMR_3569)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Reference Centre for Influenza [Berlin], European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [Stockholm, Sweden] (ECDC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC), CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene [Varsovie], Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge [Lisboa], European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Kissling, Esther, Valenciano, Marta, Pozo, Francisco, Vilcu, Ana-Maria, Reuss, Annicka, Rizzo, Caterina, Larrauri, Amparo, Horváth, Judit Krisztina, Brytting, Mia, Domegan, Lisa, Korczyńska, Monika, Meijer, Adam, Machado, Ausenda, Ivanciuc, Alina, Višekruna Vučina, Vesna, van der Werf, Sylvie, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Bella, Antonino, Gherasim, Alin, Ferenczi, Annamária, Zakikhany, Katherina, O Donnell, Joan, Paradowska-Stankiewicz, Iwona, Dijkstra, Frederika, Guiomar, Raquel, Lazar, Mihaela, Kurečić Filipović, Sanja, Johansen, Kari, Moren, Alain, and D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Epidemiology, viruses, Influenza B viru, vaccine effectivene, Efetividade da Vacina Antigripal, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 0302 clinical medicine, Influenza A Virus, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Vaccine effectiveness, I-MOVE+, virus diseases, Middle Aged, multicentre study, 3. Good health, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Influenza Vaccines, Child, Preschool, Original Article, Female, Case-Control Studie, influenza, Human, Adult, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Trivalent influenza vaccine, Lineage (genetic), Adolescent, Influenza vaccine, case-control study, 030106 microbiology, Influenza season, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Influenza, Human, Humans, I-MOVE, H1N1 Subtype, Vacina Antigripal, ddc:610, Preschool, Aged, vaccine effectiveness, case‐control study, business.industry, Cuidados de Saúde, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Case-control study, Infant, Influenza a, Original Articles, influenza vaccine, Case-Control Studies, Influenza B virus, Case Control Study, Virology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, vaccine effe, [SDV.IMM.VAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: During the 2015/16 influenza season in Europe, the cocirculating influenza viruses were A(H1N1)pdm09 and B/Victoria, which was antigenically distinct from the B/Yamagata component in the trivalent influenza vaccine. METHODS: We used the test-negative design in a multicentre case-control study in twelve European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended influenza-like illness (ILI) laboratory-confirmed as influenza. General practitioners swabbed a systematic sample of consulting ILI patients and a random sample of influenza-positive swabs was sequenced. We calculated adjusted VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic group 6B.1 and influenza B overall and by age group. RESULTS: We included 11 430 ILI patients, of which 2272 were influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and 2901 were influenza B cases. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 32.9% (95% CI: 15.5-46.7). Among those aged 0-14, 15-64 and ≥65 years, VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 31.9% (95% CI: -32.3 to 65.0), 41.4% (95% CI: 20.5-56.7) and 13.2% (95% CI: -38.0 to 45.3), respectively. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic group 6B.1 was 32.8% (95% CI: -4.1 to 56.7). Among those aged 0-14, 15-64 and ≥65 years, VE against influenza B was -47.6% (95% CI: -124.9 to 3.1), 27.3% (95% CI: -4.6 to 49.4) and 9.3% (95% CI: -44.1 to 42.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and its genetic group 6B.1 was moderate in children and adults, and low among individuals ≥65 years. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza B was low and heterogeneous among age groups. More information on effects of previous vaccination and previous infection is needed to understand the VE results against influenza B in the context of a mismatched vaccine. ECDC has contributed fund for the coordination and some study sites under the Framework contract no. ECDC/2014/026 for the individuals aged less than 65 years. The I‐MOVE/I‐MOVE+ study team is very grateful to all patients, general practitioners, paediatricians, hospital teams, laboratory teams and regional epidemiologists who have contributed to the study. We acknowledge the authors, originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GISAID's EpiFlu Database used for this study. All submitters of data may be contacted directly via the GISAID website http://www.gisaid.org. Sí

Published
2018
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27. Global patterns in monthly activity of influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and metapneumovirus: a systematic analysis

Author

Li, You, Reeves, Rachel M., Wang, Xin, Bassat, Quique, Brooks, W. Abdullah, Cohen, Cheryl, Moore, David P., Nunes, Marta, Rath, Barbara, Campbell, Harry, Nair, Harish, Acacio, Sozinho, Alonso, Wladimir J., Antonio, Martin, Ayora Talavera, Guadalupe, Badarch, Darmaa, Baillie, Vicky L., Barrera-Badillo, Gisela, Bigogo, Godfrey, Broor, Shobha, Bruden, Dana, Buchy, Philippe, Byass, Peter, Chipeta, James, Clara, Wilfrido, Dang, Duc-Anh, de Freitas Lazaro Emediato, Carla Cecilia, de Jong, Menno, Diaz-Quinonez, Jose Alberto, Do, Lien Anh Ha, Fasce, Rodrigo A., Feng, Luzhao, Ferson, Mark J., Gentile, Angela, Gessner, Bradford D., Goswami, Doli, Goyet, Sophie, Grijalva, Carlos G., Halasa, Natasha, Hellferscee, Orienka, Hessong, Danielle, Homaira, Nusrat, Jara, Jorge, Kahn, Kathleen, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Kotloff, Karen L., Lanata, Claudio F., Lopez, Olga, Lopez Bolanos, Maria Renee, Lucero, Marilla G., Lucion, Florencia, Lupisan, Socorro P., Madhi, Shabir A., McCracken, John P., Mekgoe, Omphile, Moraleda, Cinta, Moyes, Jocelyn, Mulholland, Kim, Munywoki, Patrick K., Naby, Fathima, Thanh Hung Nguyen, Nicol, Mark P., Nokes, D. James, Noyola, Daniel E., Onozuka, Daisuke, Palani, Nandhini, Poovorawan, Yong, Rahman, Mustafizur, Ramaekers, Kaat, Romero, Candice, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., Schweiger, Brunhilde, Seidenberg, Phil, Simoes, Eric A. F., Singleton, Rosalyn, Sistla, Sujatha, Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine, Suntronwong, Nungruthai, Sutanto, Agustinus, Tapia, Milagritos D., Thamthitiwat, Somsak, Thongpan, Ilada, Tillekeratne, Gayani, Tinoco, Yeny O., Treurnicht, Florette K., Turner, Claudia, Turner, Paul, van Doorn, Rogier, Van Ranst, Marc, Visseaux, Benoit, Waicharoen, Sunthareeya, Wang, Jianwei, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Zar, Heather J., Shi, Ting, Zhang, Shanshan, Openshaw, Peter, Wedzicha, Jadwicha, Falsey, Ann, Miller, Mark, Beutels, Philippe, Bont, Louis, Pollard, Andrew, Molero, Eva, Martinon-Torres, Federico, Heikkinen, Terho, Meijer, Adam, Fischer, Thea Kolsen, van den Berge, Maarten, Giaquinto, Carlo, Mikolajczyk, Rafael, Hackett, Judy, Dillon, Laura, Tafesse, Eskinder, Cai, Bing, Knirsch, Charles, Lopez, Antonio Gonzalez, Dieussaert, Ilse, Dermateau, Nadia, Leach, Amanda, Stoszek, Sonia K., Gallichan, Scott, Kieffer, Alexia, Demont, Clarisse, Denouel, Angeline, Cheret, Arnaud, Gavart, Sandra, Aerssens, Jeroen, Wyffels, Veronique, Cleenewerck, Matthias, Fuentes, Robert, Rosen, Brian, RSV Global Epidemiology Network, RESCEU Investigators, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Ramaekers, Kaat, Van Ranst, Marc, RSV Global Epidemiology Network and RESCEU investigators, VU University medical center, APH - Global Health, Graduate School, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, and AII - Infectious diseases

Subjects
Male, Respiratory diseases, Epidemiology, viruses, RESCEU investigators, EPIDEMICS, 030231 tropical medicine, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Global Health, Virus, Malalties de l'aparell respiratori, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, stomatognathic system, Human metapneumovirus, Parainfluenza virus, Influenza, Human, DRIVERS, Humans, RSV Global Epidemiology Network, Metapneumovirus, 030212 general & internal medicine, Respiratory system, Epidemiologia, Paramyxoviridae Infections, biology, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, virus diseases, lcsh:RA1-1270, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, respiratory system, biology.organism_classification, Virology, respiratory tract diseases, 3. Good health, SEASONALITY, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Influenza A virus, INFECTIONS, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Respiratory virus, Female, Human medicine, RC
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and metapneumovirus are the most common viruses associated with acute lower respiratory infections in young children (

Published
2019
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30. Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) outbreak among 15 school-aged HIV-1-infected children

Author

Feiterna-Sperling, Cornelia, Edelmann, Anke, Nickel, Renate, Magdorf, Klaus, Bergmann, Frank, Rautenberg, Peter, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Wahn, Volker, Kruger, Detlev H., and Hofmann, Jorg

Subjects
Swine influenza -- Distribution, Swine influenza -- Care and treatment, HIV patients -- Health aspects, Children -- Health aspects, Company distribution practices, Health, Health care industry
Published
2010

31. Oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus A (H1N1), Europe, 2007-08 season

Author

Meijer, Adam, Lackenby, Angie, Hungnes, Olav, Lina, Bruno, van der Werf, Sylvie, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Opp, Matthias, Paget, John, van de Kassteele, Jan, Hay, Alan, and Zambon, Maria

Subjects
Company distribution practices, Influenza -- Causes of, Influenza -- Distribution, Influenza -- Research, Influenza viruses -- Health aspects, Influenza viruses -- Distribution, Influenza viruses -- Research
Abstract

Infection with influenza viruses A (H1N1), A (H3N2), or B causes substantial human illness and excess deaths each year (1,2). Vaccination against seasonal influenza is the key control measure used [...]

Published
2009

32. Global distribution of novel rhinovirus genotype

Author

Briese, Thomas, Renwick, Neil, Venter, Marietjie, Jarman, Richard G., Ghosh, Dhrubaa, Kondgen, Sophie, Shrestha, Sanjaya K., Hoegh, A. Mette, Casas, Inmaculada, Adjogoua, Edgard Valerie, Akoua-Koffi, Chantal, Myint, Khin Saw, Williams, David T., Chidlow, Glenys, van den Berg, Ria, Calvo, Cristina, Koch, Orienka, Palacios, Gustavo, Kapoor, Vishal, Villari, Joseph, Dominguez, Samuel R., Holmes, Kathryn V., Harnett, Gerry, Smith, David, Mackenzie, John S., Ellerbrok, Heinz, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Schonning, Kristian, Chadha, Mandeep S., Leendertz, Fabian H., Mishra, A.C., Gibbons, Robert V., Holmes, Edward C., and Lipkin, W. Ian

Subjects
Continents -- Health aspects, Continents -- Genetic aspects, Diseases -- Health aspects, Diseases -- Genetic aspects
Abstract

Global surveillance for a novel rhinovirus genotype indicated its association with community outbreaks and pediatric respiratory disease in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America. Molecular dating indicates that these [...]

Published
2008

33. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infection associated with human metapneumovirus in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Wang, Xin, primary, Li, You, additional, Deloria-Knoll, Maria, additional, Madhi, Shabir A, additional, Cohen, Cheryl, additional, Ali, Asad, additional, Basnet, Sudha, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Brooks, W Abdullah, additional, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, additional, Echavarria, Marcela, additional, Fasce, Rodrigo A, additional, Goswami, Doli, additional, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, additional, Homaira, Nusrat, additional, Howie, Stephen R C, additional, Kotloff, Karen L, additional, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, additional, Krishnan, Anand, additional, Lucero, Marilla G, additional, Lupisan, Socorro, additional, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, additional, Moore, David P, additional, Moraleda, Cinta, additional, Nunes, Marta, additional, Oshitani, Histoshi, additional, Owor, Betty E, additional, Polack, Fernando P, additional, O'Brien, Katherine L, additional, Rasmussen, Zeba A, additional, Rath, Barbara A, additional, Salimi, Vahid, additional, Scott, J Anthony G, additional, Simões, Eric A F, additional, Strand, Tor A, additional, Thea, Donald M, additional, Treurnicht, Florette K, additional, Vaccari, Linda C, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Zar, Heather J, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Libster, Romina, additional, Otieno, Grieven, additional, Joundi, Imane, additional, Broor, Shobha, additional, Nicol, Mark, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Shi, Ting, additional, López-Labrador, F. Xavier, additional, Baker, Julia M., additional, Jamison, Alexandra, additional, Choudekar, Avinash, additional, Juvekar, Sanjay, additional, Obermeier, Patrick, additional, Schweiger, Brunhilde, additional, Madrid, Lola, additional, Thomas, Elizabeth, additional, Lanaspa, Miguel, additional, Nohynek, Hanna, additional, Nokes, James, additional, Werner, Marta, additional, Danhg, Anh, additional, Chadha, Mandeep, additional, Puig-Barberà, Joan, additional, Caballero, Mauricio T., additional, Mathisen, Maria, additional, Walaza, Sibongile, additional, Hellferscee, Orienka, additional, Laubscher, Matt, additional, Higdon, Melissa M., additional, Haddix, Meredith, additional, Sawatwong, Pongpun, additional, Baggett, Henry C., additional, Seidenberg, Phil, additional, Mwanayanda, Lawrence, additional, Antonio, Martin, additional, Ebruke, Bernard E., additional, Adams, Tanja, additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Rahman, Mohammed Ziaur, additional, Sow, Samboa O., additional, Baillie, Vicky L., additional, Workman, Lesley, additional, Toizumi, Michiko, additional, Tapia, Milagritos D., additional, Nguyen, Thi hien anh, additional, and Morpeth, Susan, additional

Published
2021
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34. SARS coronavirus detection

Author

Nitsche, Andreas, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Ellerbrok, Heinz, Niedrig, Matthias, and Pauli, Georg

Subjects
Coronaviruses -- Research, Severe acute respiratory syndrome -- Research
Abstract

We developed a set of three real-time reverse transcription--polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays that amplify three different regions of the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), can be run in parallel or in [...]

Published
2004

39. Global burden of respiratory infections associated with seasonal influenza in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Wang, Xin, primary, Li, You, additional, O'Brien, Katherine L, additional, Madhi, Shabir A, additional, Widdowson, Marc-Alain, additional, Byass, Peter, additional, Omer, Saad B, additional, Abbas, Qalab, additional, Ali, Asad, additional, Amu, Alberta, additional, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Abdullah Brooks, W, additional, Chaves, Sandra S, additional, Chung, Alexandria, additional, Cohen, Cheryl, additional, Echavarria, Marcela, additional, Fasce, Rodrigo A, additional, Gentile, Angela, additional, Gordon, Aubree, additional, Groome, Michelle, additional, Heikkinen, Terho, additional, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, additional, Jara, Jorge H, additional, Katz, Mark A, additional, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, additional, Krishnan, Anand, additional, de Leon, Oscar, additional, Lucero, Marilla G, additional, McCracken, John P, additional, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, additional, Moïsi, Jennifer C, additional, Munywoki, Patrick K, additional, Ourohiré, Millogo, additional, Polack, Fernando P, additional, Rahi, Manveer, additional, Rasmussen, Zeba A, additional, Rath, Barbara A, additional, Saha, Samir K, additional, Simões, Eric AF, additional, Sotomayor, Viviana, additional, Thamthitiwat, Somsak, additional, Treurnicht, Florette K, additional, Wamukoya, Marylene, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Zar, Heather J, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Wang, Xin, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, additional, Saeed, Bushra, additional, Soofi, Sajid B, additional, Yousafzai, Mohammad Tahir, additional, Zaidi, Anita K, additional, Awini, Elizabeth, additional, Baggett, Henry C, additional, Shang, Nong, additional, Schrag, Stephanie J, additional, Tempia, Stefano, additional, Lanaspa, Miguel, additional, Acácio, Sozinho, additional, Brooks, W Abdullah, additional, Driscoll, Amanda, additional, Knoll, Maria Deloria, additional, Prosperi, Christine, additional, Baqui, Abdullah H, additional, Mullany, Luke, additional, von Gottberg, Anne, additional, Hellferscee, Orienka, additional, Walaza, Sibongile, additional, Goswami, Doli, additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Connor, Nicholas E, additional, El Arifeen, Shams, additional, Marcone, Débora N, additional, Reyes, Noelia, additional, Gutierrez, Andrea, additional, Rodriguez, Ivan, additional, Lopez, Olga, additional, Ortiz, David, additional, Gonzalez, Nathaly, additional, del Valle Juarez, Maria, additional, Cutland, Clare, additional, Nunes, Marta C, additional, Nzenze, Susan, additional, Juvekar, Sanjay, additional, Halasa, Natasha, additional, Bernart, Chris, additional, Gofer, Ilan, additional, Avni, Yonat Shemer, additional, Faori, Samir, additional, Shehabi, Asem, additional, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Contreras, Carmen L, additional, Lopez, Maria R, additional, Maldonado, Herberth, additional, Samayoa, Antonio P, additional, Gomez, Ana B, additional, Nillos, Leilani T, additional, Lupisan, Socorro P, additional, Nohynek, Hanna, additional, Puig-Barberà, Joan, additional, Díez-Domingo, Javier, additional, Gessner, Bradford D, additional, Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie, additional, Tall, Haoua, additional, Ngama, Mwanjuma, additional, Nokes, D James, additional, Clark, Dayna R, additional, Ali, Sié, additional, Pascal, Zabré, additional, Cheik, Bagagnan H, additional, Caballero, Mauricio T, additional, Libster, Romina, additional, Thomas, Elizabeth D, additional, Baker, Julia M, additional, Obermeier, Patrick E, additional, Hassanuzzaman, MD., additional, Islam, Maksuda, additional, Islam, Mohammad S, additional, Panigrahi, Pinaki, additional, Bose, Anuradha, additional, Isaac, Rita, additional, Murdoch, David, additional, Nanda, Pritish, additional, Qazi, Shamim A, additional, Hessong, Danielle, additional, Simőes, Eric AF, additional, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, additional, Dawood, Halima, additional, Kyobutungi, Catherine, additional, Ziraba, Abdhalah K, additional, Yoshihara, Keisuke, additional, Dand, Duc-Anh, additional, Le, Minh-Nhat, additional, Nicol, Mark P, additional, Broor, Shobha, additional, Chadha, Mandeep, additional, Madrid, Lola, additional, Gresh, Lionel, additional, Balmaseda, Angel, additional, Kuan, Guillermina, additional, Wairagkar, Niteen, additional, Tapia, Milagritos D, additional, Knobler, Stacey L, additional, Barahona, Alfredo, additional, Ferguson, Ericka, additional, and Schweiger, Brunhilde, additional

Published
2020
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42. Partnering for enhanced digital surveillance of influenza‐like disease and the effect of antivirals and vaccines (PEDSIDEA)

Author

Rath, Barbara, Maltezou, Helena C., Papaevangelou, Vassiliki, Papagrigoriou‐Theodoridou, Maria‐Alexandra, Alchikh, Maren, Myles, Puja, Schweiger, Brunhilde, and PEDSIDEA Network

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, Disease, 030312 virology, Antiviral Agents, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, children, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, ddc:610, Medical prescription, Prospective cohort study, mobile health, Qualitative Research, Point of care, standardization, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Original Articles, Precision medicine, Hospitals, Pediatric, Infectious Diseases, Influenza Vaccines, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, Cohort, Original Article, Female, disease severity, ILI, business, influenza, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit, Cefuroxime, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Standardised clinical outcome measures are urgently needed for the surveillance of influenza and influenza‐like illness (ILI) based on individual patient data (IPD). Objectives We report a multicentre prospective cohort using a predefined disease severity score in routine care. Patients/Methods The Vienna Vaccine Safety initiative (ViVI) Disease Severity Score (“ViVI Score”) was made available as an android‐based mobile application to three paediatric hospitals in Berlin and Athens between 2013 and 2016. Healthcare professionals assessed ILI patients at the point of care including severity, risk factors and use of antibiotics/antivirals/vaccines. RT‐PCR for influenza A/B viruses was performed at the Hellenic Pasteur Institute and the Robert Koch Institute. PCR testing was blinded to severity scoring and vice versa. Results A total of 1615 children aged 0‐5 years (54.4% males) were assessed at the three sites. The mean age was 1.7 years (SD 1.5; range 0‐5.9). The success rate (completion of the scoring without disruption to the ER workflow) was 100%. ViVI Disease Severity Scores ranged from 0 to 35 (mean 13.72). Disease severity in the Berlin Cohort was slightly higher (mean 15.26) compared to the Athens Cohorts (mean 10.86 and 11.13). The administration of antibiotics was most prevalent in the Berlin Cohort, with 41.2% on antibiotics (predominantly cefuroxime) as opposed to only 0.5% on neuraminidase inhibitors. Overall, Risk‐adjusted ViVI Scores were significantly linked to the prescription of both, antibiotics and antivirals. Conclusions The Risk‐adjusted ViVI Score enables a precision medicine approach to managing ILI in multicentre settings. Using mobile applications, severity data will be obtained in real time with important implications for the evaluation of antiviral/vaccine use.

Published
2019
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43. The Role of Pre-existing Cross-Reactive Central Memory CD4 T-Cells in Vaccination With Previously Unseen Influenza Strains

Author

Nienen, Mikalai, Stervbo, Ulrik, Mölder, Felix, Kaliszczyk, Sviatlana, Kuchenbecker, Leon, Gayova, Ludmila, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Jürchott, Karsten, Hecht, Jochen, Neumann, Avidan, Rahmann, Sven, Westhoff, Timm, Reinke, Petra, Thiel, Andreas, and Babel, Nina

Subjects
Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Clonotype diversity, Immunology, Medizin, Cross Reactions, clonotype diversity, Young Adult, Central memory T-cell, Influenza, Human, central memory T-cell, Humans, ddc:610, pre-existing cross-reactive T-cells, Original Research, vaccination efficacy, Pre-existing cross-reactive T-cells, Vaccination, Middle Aged, influenza vaccination, Influenza vaccination, Influenza A virus, Influenza Vaccines, Female, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit, Immunologic Memory, Vaccination efficacy, 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit, Central Memory T-cell, Clonotype Diversity, Influenza Vaccination, Pre-existing Cross-reactive T-cells, Vaccination Efficacy
Abstract

Influenza vaccination is a common approach to prevent seasonal and pandemic influenza. Pre-existing antibodies against close viral strains might impair antibody formation against previously unseen strains–a process called original antigenic sin. The role of this pre-existing cellular immunity in this process is, despite some hints from animal models, not clear. Here, we analyzed cellular and humoral immunity in healthy individuals before and after vaccination with seasonal influenza vaccine. Based on influenza-specific hemagglutination inhibiting (HI) titers, vaccinees were grouped into HI-negative and -positive cohorts followed by in-depth cytometric and TCR repertoire analysis. Both serological groups revealed cross-reactive T-cell memory to the vaccine strains at baseline that gave rise to the majority of vaccine-specific T-cells post vaccination. On the contrary, very limited number of vaccine-specific T-cell clones was recruited from the naive pool. Furthermore, baseline quantity of vaccine-specific central memory helper T-cells and clonotype richness of this population directly correlated with the vaccination efficacy. Our findings suggest that the deliberate recruitment of pre-existing cross-reactive cellular memory might help to improve vaccination outcome.

Published
2019

44. Altered proportions of circulating CXCR5+helper T cells do not dampen influenza vaccine responses in children with rheumatic disease

Author

Laestadius, Åsa, Ingelman-Sundberg, Hanna M., Hed Myrberg, Ida, Verme, Anna, Sundberg, Erik, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie, Nilsson, Anna, Laestadius, Åsa, Ingelman-Sundberg, Hanna M., Hed Myrberg, Ida, Verme, Anna, Sundberg, Erik, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie, and Nilsson, Anna

Abstract

Biological therapy options for the treatment of rheumatic disease target molecules that can affect the cross-talk between innate and adaptive immune responses upon vaccination. Influenza vaccination in children with rheumatic disease has been recommended, but there are only sparse data on the quality of vaccine responses from pediatric patients treated with biological therapy. We conducted an influenza vaccine study over 3 consecutive seasons where the antibody response to TIV was evaluated in children with PRD (n = 78), including both non-treated (n = 17) and treated (with methotrexate, TNF-inhibitors with or without methotrexate, or IL-inhibitors, n = 61) children as well as healthy age-matched controls (n = 24). Peripheral B cells, T and NK cell populations, as well as CXCR5+ (follicular) helper T cells (T-FH) and chemokines involved in antibody responses were assessed prior to immunization in the same cohort. Data on disease duration, therapy and data on previous influenza vaccinations were retrieved. The proportion of circulating T-FH cells were significantly lower in non-treated children with PRD compared to treated patients and healthy controls. The significantly lower proportion of T-FH cells was mirrored by a marked significant increase in CXCL13 serum level, the ligand for CXCR5, with higher levels in non-treated children with PRD compared to treated patients and healthy controls. However, the proportion of T-FH cells or CXCL13 level at the time of vaccination was not a predictor of the antibody response to TIV in this cohort of children. Children with PRD had an overall similar response to TIV as healthy children. Although not significant, children treated with TNF-inhibitors differed as a few children remained seronegative towards H3N2- and influenza B viruses after immunization. Our data show that children with PRD respond to TIV as healthy children. Furthermore, plasma CXCL13 levels did not correlate to the proportion of T-FH cells in blood prior to im

Published
2019
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46. Prospective hospital-based case–control study to assess the effectiveness of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination and risk factors for hospitalization in 2009–2010 using matched hospital and test-negative controls

Author

Hellenbrand Wiebke, Jorgensen Pernille, Schweiger Brunhilde, Falkenhorst Gerhard, Nachtnebel Matthias, Greutélaers Benedikt, Traeder Christian, and Wichmann Ole

Subjects
Influenza, H1N1, Vaccine effectiveness, Case–control study, Hospitalization, Risk factors, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background We performed a case–control study to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) for prevention of hospitalization due to pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (pH1N1) and to identify risk factors for pH1N1 and acute respiratory infection (ARI) in 10 hospitals in Berlin from December 2009 to April 2010. Methods Cases were patients aged 18–65 years with onset of ARI ≤10 days before admission testing positive for pH1N1 by PCR performed on nasal and throat swabs or by serological testing. Cases were compared to (1) matched hospital controls with acute surgical, traumatological or other diagnoses matched on age, sex and vaccination probability, and (2) ARI patients testing negative for pH1N1. Additionally, ARI cases were compared to matched hospital controls. A standardized interview and chart review elicited demographic and clinical data as well as potential risk factors for pH1N1/ARI. VE was estimated by 1-(Odds ratio) for pH1N1-vaccination ≥10 days before symptom onset using exact logistic regression analysis. Results Of 177 ARI cases recruited, 27 tested pH1N1 positive. A monovalent AS03-adjuvanted pH1N1 vaccine was the only pandemic vaccine type identified among cases and controls (vaccination coverage in control group 1 and 2: 15% and 5.9%). The only breakthrough infections were observed in 2 of 3 vaccinated HIV positive pH1N1 patients. After exclusion of HIV positive participants, VE was 96% (95%CI: 26-100%) in the matched multivariate analysis and 46% (95%CI: -376-100%) in the test-negative analysis. Exposure to children in the household was independently associated with hospitalization for pH1N1 and ARI. Conclusions Though limited by low vaccination coverage and number of pH1N1 cases, our results suggest a protective effect of the AS03-adjuvanted pH1N1 vaccine for the prevention of pH1N1 hospitalization. The use of hospital but not test-negative controls showed a statistically protective effect of pH1N1-vaccination and permitted the integrated assessment of risk factors for pH1N1-infection. To increase statistical power and to permit stratified analyses (e.g. VE for specific risk groups), the authors suggest pooling of future studies assessing effectiveness of influenza vaccines for prevention of severe disease from different centres.

Published
2012
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47. Lessons from a one-year hospital-based surveillance of acute respiratory infections in Berlin- comparing case definitions to monitor influenza

Author

Nachtnebel Matthias, Greutelaers Benedikt, Falkenhorst Gerhard, Jorgensen Pernille, Dehnert Manuel, Schweiger Brunhilde, Träder Christian, Buda Silke, Eckmanns Tim, Wichmann Ole, and Hellenbrand Wiebke

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in sentinel hospitals is recommended to estimate the burden of severe influenza-cases. Therefore, we monitored patients admitted with respiratory infections (RI) in 9 Berlin hospitals from 7.12.2009 to 12.12.2010 according to different case definitions (CD) and determined the proportion of cases with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (pH1N1). We compared the sensitivity and specificity of CD for capturing pandemic pH1N1 cases. Methods We established an RI-surveillance restricted to adults aged ≤ 65 years within the framework of a pH1N1 vaccine effectiveness study, which required active identification of RI-cases. The hospital information-system was screened daily for newly admitted RI-patients. Nasopharyngeal swabs from consenting patients were tested by PCR for influenza-virus subtypes. Four clinical CD were compared in terms of capturing pH1N1-positives among hospitalized RI-patients by applying sensitivity and specificity analyses. The broadest case definition (CD1) was used for inclusion of RI-cases; the narrowest case definition (CD4) was identical to the SARI case definition recommended by ECDC/WHO. Results Over the study period, we identified 1,025 RI-cases, of which 283 (28%) met the ECDC/WHO SARI case definition. The percentage of SARI-cases among internal medicine admissions decreased from 3.2% (calendar-week 50-2009) to 0.2% (week 25-2010). Of 354 patients tested by PCR, 20 (6%) were pH1N1-positive. Two case definitions narrower than CD1 but -in contrast to SARI- not requiring shortness of breath yielded the largest areas under the Receiver-Operator-Curve. Heterogeneity of proportions of patients admitted with RI between hospitals was significant. Conclusions Comprehensive surveillance of RI cases was feasible in a network of community hospitals. In most settings, several hospitals should be included to ensure representativeness. Although misclassification resulting from failure to obtain symptoms in the hospital information-system cannot be ruled out, a high proportion of hospitalized PCR-positive pH1N1-patients (45%) did not fulfil the SARI case-definition that included shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. Thus, to assess influenza-related disease burden in hospitals, broader, alternative case definitions should be considered.

Published
2012
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48. The role of facemasks and hand hygiene in the prevention of influenza transmission in households: results from a cluster randomised trial; Berlin, Germany, 2009-2011

Author

Suess Thorsten, Remschmidt Cornelius, Schink Susanne B, Schweiger Brunhilde, Nitsche Andreas, Schroeder Kati, Doellinger Joerg, Milde Jeanette, Haas Walter, Koehler Irina, Krause Gérard, and Buchholz Udo

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Previous controlled studies on the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) - namely the use of facemasks and intensified hand hygiene - in preventing household transmission of influenza have not produced definitive results. We aimed to investigate efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of NPI in households with influenza index patients. Methods We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial during the pandemic season 2009/10 and the ensuing influenza season 2010/11. We included households with an influenza positive index case in the absence of further respiratory illness within the preceding 14 days. Study arms were wearing a facemask and practicing intensified hand hygiene (MH group), wearing facemasks only (M group) and none of the two (control group). Main outcome measure was laboratory confirmed influenza infection in a household contact. We used daily questionnaires to examine adherence and tolerability of the interventions. Results We recruited 84 households (30 control, 26 M and 28 MH households) with 82, 69 and 67 household contacts, respectively. In 2009/10 all 41 index cases had a influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 infection, in 2010/11 24 had an A (H1N1) pdm09 and 20 had a B infection. The total secondary attack rate was 16% (35/218). In intention-to-treat analysis there was no statistically significant effect of the M and MH interventions on secondary infections. When analysing only households where intervention was implemented within 36 h after symptom onset of the index case, secondary infection in the pooled M and MH groups was significantly lower compared to the control group (adjusted odds ratio 0.16, 95% CI, 0.03-0.92). In a per-protocol analysis odds ratios were significantly reduced among participants of the M group (adjusted odds ratio, 0.30, 95% CI, 0.10-0.94). With the exception of MH index cases in 2010/11 adherence was good for adults and children, contacts and index cases. Conclusions Results suggest that household transmission of influenza can be reduced by the use of NPI, such as facemasks and intensified hand hygiene, when implemented early and used diligently. Concerns about acceptability and tolerability of the interventions should not be a reason against their recommendation. Trial registration The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT00833885).

Published
2012
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49. Immunogenicity and predictors of response to a single dose trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in multiple sclerosis patients receiving disease‐modifying therapies

Author

Metze, Christoph, Winkelmann, Alexander, Loebermann, Micha, Hecker, Michael, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Reisinger, Emil Christian, and Zettl, Uwe Klaus

Subjects
ddc:610, immunogenicity, influenza vaccine, immunomodulation, multiple sclerosis, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit, disease-modifying therapy
Abstract

Aims To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a seasonal influenza vaccine in a cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients receiving different immunomodulating/immunosuppressive therapies and assess predictors of immune response. Methods A prospective, multicenter, non‐randomized observational study including 108 patients receiving a trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination was conducted. Influenza‐specific antibody titers (H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B) were measured to evaluate rates of seroprotection and seroconversion/significant titer increase. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors of vaccination outcomes. Results Regarding the whole cohort, seroprotection rates >70% were achieved for each influenza strain. Interferon‐treated patients reached high seroprotection rates (>84%). Good seroprotection rates were seen in patients treated with glatiramer acetate. In particular for H3N2, response rates were low in natalizumab‐treated patients and in the small subgroup of fingolimod‐treated patients. Patients with a previous disease‐modifying therapy and a longer disease duration were less likely to respond sufficiently. No severe adverse events were reported. MS disease activity was not increased after a one‐year follow‐up period. Conclusion Vaccination led to good immunogenicity, especially in MS patients treated with interferons and glatiramer acetate. At least for the H1N1 strain, rates of seroprotection and seroconversion/significant titer increase were high (>70% and >60%, respectively) for all therapeutic subgroups. Patients with a longer duration of the disease are exposed to an increased risk of insufficient immune response to vaccination.

Published
2018

50. Exploring the effect of previous inactivated influenza vaccination on seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically-attended influenza: results of the European I-MOVE multicentre test-negative case-control study, 2011/12-2016/17

Author

Valenciano, Marta, Kissling, E, Larrauri, Amparo, Nunes, Baltasar, Pitigoi, Daniela, O Donnell, Joan, Reuss, Annicka, Horváth, Judit Krisztina, Paradowska-Stankiewicz, Iwona, Rizzo, Caterina, Falchi, Alessandra, Daviaud, Isabel, Brytting, Mia, Meijer, Adam, Kaic, Bernard, Gherasim, Alin, Machado, Ausenda, Ivanciuc, Alina, Domegan, Lisa, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Ferenczi, Annamária, Korczyńska, Monika, Bella, Antonino, Vilcu, Ana-Maria, Mosnier, Anne, Zakikhany, Katherina, Filipovićović, Sanja Kurečić, Johansen, Kari, Moren, Alain, and de Lange, Marit

Subjects
virus diseases
Abstract

Results of previous influenza vaccination effects on current season influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) are inconsistent.

Published
2018

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